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lOPSECKEl
MemorandumfortheRecord
Event:PenttbomTimelineBriefingLocation:FBIHeadquartersDate:December10-11,2003AccessRestrictions:
Pre,p'o..r~
B'4'.
CommissionParticipants:None
on
DieterSnell,RajDe,MikeJacobson,JohnTamm,MarcoCordero,HyonKim,otherCommissionStaffThePenttbomteamatFBIHQpresentedatwo-daybriefingonthePenttbomtimelineforCommissionstaff.ThePenttbomteamgaveachronologicalpresentationbutansweredCommissionquestionsastheyarose.Thereissomeevidencethatthehijackersusedfakebombsduringtheattacks.Theyareknowntohaveboughtbatteriesandelectricaltape,andsomeofthecallersontheflightssaidthehijackersworebombsontheirbelts.Therewasnoexplosiveresiduefound.however,attheFlight93crashsite.OnFlight77,severalofthehijackerssetoffthemetaldetectorsandwerecheckedtwice.Thisistheonlyflight(otherthanfootagefromPortland)wherethereisavideoofthehijackersgoingthroughthesecurityline.KhalidalMihdharwentthroughthemeta)detectortwice.MajedMoqedandNawafalHazmiwerehand-wandedaftertheysetoff.thealarmsandwereallowedtocontinue.ThebestestimateofwhenFlight11washijackedisabout8:21a.m.whenthetransponderwasturnedoff.Aflightattendantcalledthereservationscenterandreportedthatapassengerhadbeenstabbed.Theflightattendantreportedthatitwashardtobreathe,leadingtothebeliefthatthehijackersmayhaveusedmace.(ItwasalsofoundinAtta'scheckedluggagethatdidnotmakeitontoFlight11.)Thereisonecallwhereavictim'sfamilymembercalledpoliceandmentionedagun.Otherwisetherewerenoreportsofgunsontheflights.Thereweresomecallsreportingthatthehijackershadboxcutters.Thereisnothingdefinitiv.eshowingthattheypurchasedboxcutters.ThetermmayhavecomeupbecausethetwoArabswhowerearrestedonAmtrakshortlyafter9/11hadboxcutters.It.ispossiblethattheydidhaveboxcutters,butthatthereisnorecordofthepurchase.OnFlight93,therewasaMayDaymessageat9:28.At9:31,oneofthehijackersmadeanannouncementthattheyhadabomb,buthewasusinghisradioratherthanthe
 
Attausuallydidnotwastetime,soiscuriousthathestayedinSpainsolongifthemeetingwithBinalshibhwastheonlypurpose.Butthereisnowitnessreportingofameetingwithanyoneelse.InSeptember2001,BinalshibhtraveledthroughSpainonthe•waytoAfghanistan.
19/11
PA
system.The
CVR
alsohasthepilot
yelling
atthehijackerstogetoutpriortothetakeoverofthecockpit.:JarrahhadpurchasedaGPSunitbefore9/11,buthedidnotneeditbecausealltheequipmentisontheplane.Jarrah"dialedtoDCAexceptthathewastoofarfromtheairportbeaconwhenhedidit.Onwhether-thehijackershadenoughskilJtodowhattheydid,Penttbomputsomeonewithnobackgroundonasimulator,andafterabout30minutesofpracticetheywereabletoreplicateitundertheconditionsof9/11,clearskiesduringdaylight.
Hani
HanjourhadrentedplanesintreMarylandareatopracticehismaneuvers.Yazeedal
Salmi
enteredthe
US
O~7/00.In{UI
Y
hehadpurchasedtraveler'schecks.Whenhearrived,hemovedinwiOn9/5/00,alSalmi'straveler'schecksweredepositedintoNawafalHazmisaccount,andthencashwastakenoutoftheaccount.AlSalmisharedaninsurancepolicywithalHazmiandRahmezNoarnanbecausetheirinsurancebrokerhadtoldthemitwascheapertoshare.AlSalmihasnotbeenquestionedaboutthechecks.HewasdeportedtoSaudiArabia,andthe
FBI
requestedthatheinterviewed,buttherequestisoutstanding.FBIhasnotfounddirectevidenceofMounirMotassade
~EBI
bas
not
fmmdeyidCDc
e
tbat
sai1
Bahajiknewabouttheplot,andThereisnodirectevidenceofalinkbetweentheSpainmeetinginJulybetweenAttaandBinalshibhandtheSpanishcell.~BinalshibhusedastolenpassportunderthenameofAhedZabetaftertheainmeetinandusedittotransfermoneytoZacariasMOuSSa019/11
 
"6P8EO~'f
After9/11,asearchofSaidBahaji'sresidenceproducedaphonelistthatincludedanoldphonenumberforBarakatYarkas,theheadoftheSpanishcell..OperationBacktracklookedatalltheflightsthehijackerstookfrom1999to9111/01.TheFBIlookedfortravelinpairs,andanythingelsesignificant,withnoresults.Thehijackersdidnottravelunderfalsenamesoruseofficial
ID
underfalsenames.Attaused
the
name
EI
Amiraswell,butthiswasnot
a
falsename.Thereisnoevidencethatthehijackerswere
in
cellphonecontactwitheachother.duringtheflightson9111.TheFBIlookedatarchivedvoicemailsofthehijackersanddidnotfindanythingsignificant.Jarrah'sgirlfriendAyselSenguenwasinterviewedbytheGermans,andtheUShaspendinglettersrogatory.
9/11
ThefirstindicationofconcretestepsfortheattackswereinAprilof1999whenNawafalHazmiandKhalidalMihdhargottheirUSvisas.InOctober1999,AttaenteredalotteryforaUSvisa.AttacannotbeplacedinAfghanistanbeforeNovember1999toFebruary2000,butitispossiblethathewasthereearliersincetherearesomegapsinhistimeline.It
is
unknownwhovouchedforAttatogetintothecampsinAfghanistan.TheGermanauthoritieshaveruledoutaconnectionbetweenDarkazanliandBelfasto9/11.Darkazanlimayhaverecruitedpeopleforjihad,butnotnecessarilyforthisplot.TheHambur"cell"aJlwenttoa'ingat
Kandahar'v-!
JarrahleftforAfghanistanon
11125/99,
"""!AI"'fhehhileftearlier.Jarrah,AttaandBinalshibhoverlappedintheirtimeinAfghanistan.Atthatpoint,itwassupposedtobethefourfromHamburgplusNawafalHazmiaspilotsfortheplot.BinalshibhandJarrahleftAfghanistaninJanuary2000,andAttaleftinFebruary.InJanuary2000,alShehhiwasalreadybuyinga747simulatorprogramandsendingittoAbdulAzizalBaluchi,KSM'snephewintheUAE.Ataboutthesametime,inMalaysia,atHazmi,alMihdharandKhalladweremeeting.BinalshibhresearchedflightschoolsinEurope,andfoundthatUSflightschoolswouldbebetter,ThehijackersquicklyswitchedgearstofindingUSschools.InApril2000,AbdulAzizalBaluchitransferredmoneytoalHazmithroughAdelRafeea.
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