Komplex szmok

1) Algebrai alak: z a b i = + ahol Re a z R = e s Im b z R = e s 1 i =

2) Konjuglt komplex szm: z a b i =
3) Az i hatvnyai:
2
1 i = tovbb
4
1
k
i = ,
4 1 k
i i
+
= ,
4 1 k
i i
+
= ,
4 2
1
k
i
+
= ,
4 3 k
i i
+
=
4) A modulus s tulajdonsgai:
2 2
z a b = + ,
5) Konjuglt s modulus tulajdonsgai:
z z = ,
1 2 1 2
z z z z = ,
n
n
z z = ,
1 1
2 2
z z
z z
= ,
1 2 1 2
z z z z + s + ,
2
z z z =
2 2
( ) ( ) a ib a ib a b + = +
6) A komplex szm reduklt argumentuma:
*
arg
b
t z arctg
a
= =
7) A komplex szm argumentuma: arg
b
t Argz z k arctg k
a
t t = = + = +
8) A komplex szm trigonometriai alakja: (cos sin ) z r t i t = +
9) Konjuglt trigonometriai alak: (cos sin ) z r t i t =
10). talakts algebrai alakbl trigonometriai alakba:
2 2
r z a b = = + s
b
t arctg k
a
t = + (cos sin ) z r t i t = +
11) Ngy fontos komplex szm trigonometriai alakja:
1 cos0 sin0 i = + , 1 cos sin i t t = + ,
cos sin
2 2
i i
t t
= + ,
3 3
cos sin cos sin
2 2 2 2
i i i
t t t t
= = +
12) Mveletek komplex szmokkal:
a) Szorzs: ha
1 1 1 1
(cos sin ) z r t i t = + s
2 2 2 2
(cos sin ) z r t i t = + akkor

1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
(cos( ) sin( )) z z r r t t i t t = + + +
b) Hatvnyozs: ha (cos sin ) z r t i t = + illetve (cos sin ) z r t i t = akkor
(cos sin )
n n
z r nt i nt = + illetve
,
(cos sin )
n
n
z r nt i nt =
Moivre kplete: (cos sin ) cos sin
n
t i t nt i nt + = +
c) Oszts: ha
1 1 1 1
(cos sin ) z r t i t = + s
2 2 2 2
(cos sin ) z r t i t = + akkor

1 1
1 2 1 2
2 2
(cos( ) sin( ))
z r
t t i t t
z r
= +
d) Gykvons: ha (cos sin ) z r t i t = + akkor

2 2
(cos sin )
n n
t k t k
z r i
n n
t t + +
= + ahol { ; 0,1,2,..., 1 k n e
13) A binom-egyenlet megoldsa: ,
n
z a a C = e megoldsa a C halmazon:

2 2
(cos sin )
n n
k
t k t k
z a r i
n n
t t + +
= = + ahol (cos sin ) a r t i t = + s
{ ; 0,1,2,..., 1 k n e