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Philosophies in Life
PHILOSOPHY may be defined as the study and pursuit of facts which deal withthe ultimate reality or causes of things as they affect life.The philosophy of a country like the Philippines is made up of the intricate andcomposite interrelationship of the life histories of its people; in other word, thephilosophy of our nation would be strange and undefinable if we do not delve intothe past tied up with the notable life experiences of the representativepersonalities of our nation.Being one of the prominent representatives of Filipino personalities, Jose Rizal isa fit subject whose life philosophy deserves to be recognized.Having been a victim of Spanish brutality early in his life in Calamba, Rizal hadthus already formed the nucleus of an unfavorable opinion of Castillianimperialistic administration of his country and people.Pitiful social conditions existed in the Philippines as late as three centuries afterhis conquest in Spain, with agriculture, commerce, communications and educationlanguishing under its most backward state. It was because of this social maladythat social evils like inferiority complex, cowardice, timidity and false pridepervaded nationally and contributed to the decay of social life. This stimulatedand shaped Rizal’s life phylosophy to be to contain if not eliminate these social ills.
Educational Philosophy
Rizal’s concept of the importance of education is clearly enunciated in his workentitled Instruction wherein he sought improvements in the schools and in themethods of teaching. He maintained that the backwardness of his country duringthe Spanish ear was not due to the Filipinos’ indifference, apathy or indolence asclaimed by the rulers, but to the neglect of the Spanish authorities in the islands.For Rizal, the mission of education is to elevate the country to the highest seat ofglory and to develop the people’s mentality. Since education is the foundation ofsociety and a prerequisite for social progress, Rizal claimed that only througheducation could the country be saved from domination.
 
Rizal’s philosophy of education, therefore, centers on the provision of propermotivation in order to bolster the great social forces that make education asuccess, to create in the youth an innate desire to cultivate his intelligence andgive him life eternal.
Religious Philosophy
Rizal grew up nurtured by a closely-knit Catholic family, was educated in theforemost Catholic schools of the period in the elementary, secondary and collegelevels; logically, therefore, he should have been a propagator of strictly Catholictraditions. However, in later life, he developed a life philosophy of a differentnature, a philosophy of a different Catholic practice intermingled with the use ofTruth and Reason.Why the change?It could have been the result of contemporary contact, companionship,observation, research and the possession of an independent spirit.Being a criticalobserver, a profound thinker and a zealous reformer, Rizal did not agree with theprevailing Christian propagation of the Faith by fire and sword. This is shown inhis Annotation of Morga’s Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas.Rizal did not believe in the Catholic dogma that salvation was only for Catholicsand that outside Christianity, salvation was not possible even if Catholicscomposed only a small minority of the world’s religious groups. Nor did he believein the Catholic observation of fasting as a sacrifice, nor in the sale of suchreligious items as the cross, medals, rosaries and the like in order to propagatethe Faith and raise church funds. He also lambasted the superstitious beliefspropagated by the priests in the church and in the schools. All of these and a lotmore are evidences of Rizal’s religious philosophy.
Political Philosophy
In Rizal’s political view, a conquered country like the Philippines should not betaken advantage of but rather should be developed, civilized, educated andtrained in the science of self-government.
 
He bitterly assailed and criticized in publications the apparent backwardness ofthe Spanish ruler’s method of governing the country which resulted in:1. the bondage and slavery of the conquered ;2. the Spanish government’s requirement of forced labor and force militaryservice upon the n natives;3. the abuse of power by means of exploitation;4. the government ruling that any complaint against the authorities was criminal;and5. Making the people ignorant, destitute and fanatic, thus discouraging theformation of a national sentiment.Rizal’s guiding political philosophy proved to be the study and application ofreforms, the extension of human rights, the training for self government and thearousing of spirit of discontent over oppression, brutality, inhumanity,sensitiveness and self love.
Ethical Philosophy
The study of human behavior as to whether it is good or bad or whether it is rightor wrong is that science upon which Rizal’s ethical philosophy was based. The factthat the Philippines was under Spanish domination during Rizal’s time led him tosubordinate his philosophy to moral problems. This trend was much more neededat that time because the Spaniards and the Filipinos had different and sometimesconflicting morals. The moral status of the Philippines during this period was onewith a lack of freedom, one with predominance of foreign masters, one with animposition of foreign religious worship, devotion, homage and racial habits. Thisled to moral confusion among the people, what with justice being stifled, limitedor curtailed and the people not enjoying any individual rights.To bolster his ethical philosophy, Dr. Rizal had recognized not only the forces of
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Maria Theresa Claveria

larawan foh ng kabanata.............8

reply01 / 09 / 2011
01 / 14 / 2010<span class="translation_missing">en_US, this_document_made_it_onto_the</span>Rising List!
qhutty

superman ? wg pouh maganda nah pouh ung nalalaman noong unang panahon ... hehehe ....

reply01 / 02 / 2010
qhutty

haay .. shuper ganda pouh ng kwento..... dagdagan nio pah pouh . ...

reply01 / 02 / 2010
akosibaddawg

pwede mag lagay kayu ng superman d2? para exciting?

reply12 / 02 / 2009
jztlyn-ritchey-2449

pahingi nmn ng talasalitaan nitong kabanata na ito?

reply12 / 02 / 2009
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