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U.S. Department o EducationNCES 2010–451
Institute of Education Sciences
 
Mathematics
2009
NATIONAL ASSESSMENT OF EDUCATIONAL PROGRESS AT GRADES 4 AND 8
 
What is Te Nation’s Report Card
™
?
Te Nation’s Report Card™ inorms the public about the academic achieve-ment o elementary and secondary students in the United States. Reportcards communicate the ndings o the National Assessment o EducationalProgress (NAEP), a continuing and nationally representative measure o achievement in various subjects over time.Since 1969, NAEP assessments have been conducted periodically in reading,mathematics, science, writing, U.S. history, civics, geography, and othersubjects. NAEP collects and reports inormation on student perormance atthe national and state levels, making the assessment an integral part o ournation’s evaluation o the condition and progress o education. Only academicachievement data and related background inormation are collected. Teprivacy o individual students and their amilies is protected.NAEP is a congressionally authorized project o the National Center orEducation Statistics (NCES) within the Institute o Education Sciences o theU.S. Department o Education. Te Commissioner o Education Statistics isresponsible or carrying out the NAEP project. Te National AssessmentGoverning Board oversees and sets policy or NAEP.
Contents
 
1
 
Executive Summary
4
 
Introduction
7
 
Grade 4
22
 
Grade 8
38
 
Technical Notes
40
 
Appendix Tables
Photo Credits:
 
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SOURCE: U.S. Department o Education, Institute o Education Sciences, National Center or Education Statistics, National Assessment o Educational Progress (NAEP), various years, 1990–2009 Mathematics Assessments.
Year’90 ’92 ’96 ’03’00 ’05 ’070240230220210250
235*238*226*240240224* 224*220*213*
’09290280270260500Scale score
278*279*273*281*283272*270*268*263*
Grade 8Grade 4
Figure
A.
 
Trend in ourth- and eighth-grade NAEP mathematics average scores
* Signicantly dierent (
p 
< .05) rom 2009.
Accommodations not permittedAccommodations permitted
Executive Summary
 
Mathematics scores up since 2007 at grade 8,but unchanged at grade 4
Nationally representative samples o more than168,000 ourth-graders and 161,000 eighth-gradersparticipated in the 2009 National Assessment o Educational Progress (NAEP) in mathematics. At eachgrade, students responded to questions designed tomeasure their knowledge and abilities across vemathematics content areas: number properties andoperations; measurement; geometry; data analysis,statistics, and probability; and algebra.Gains in students’ average mathematics scores seen inearlier years did not continue rom 2007 to 2009 atgrade 4 but did continue at grade 8 (
fgure
A
). Whilestill higher than the scores in the six assessment yearsrom 1990 to 2005, the overall average score orourth-graders in 2009 was unchanged rom the scorein 2007. Te upward trend seen in earlier assessmentsor eighth-graders continued with a 2-point increaserom 2007 to 2009. A similar pattern o results was seen or studentsperorming at dierent achievement levels. Te per-centages o ourth-graders perorming at or above
 Basic
 (82 percent) and at or above
Profcient
(39 percent) in2009 were unchanged rom those in 2007, but stillremained higher than in the assessment years rom1990 to 2005. Te percentages o eighth-gradersperorming at or above
 Basic
(73 percent) and at orabove
Profcient
(34 percent) in 2009 were higher thanthose in 2007 and in all earlier assessment years.
1MATHEMATICS 2009
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