PART A You can detach this page You can detach this page

FORMULAE You may find theses formulae useful charge = current time potential difference = current resistance electrical power = current potential difference energy transferred = current potential difference time Q=It V=IR P=IV E=IVt

force = mass acceleration weight = mass gravitational field strength momentum = mass velocity

F=ma W=mg p=mv

work done = force distance moved in the direction of the force

E=Fd

GPE = m g h

Do not forget to include units in all your answers.

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PART A

Part A
Surname Name

American Academy Larnaca Year 5 Additional Science

Semester 2 Unit P2 Topic P2.4 Test 1 Physics for your future Momentum, energy, work and power

Part A
The total marks for this part is 20. The total marks for the paper is 40.

Time: 20 minutes

The marks for each question are shown in square brackets. Use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question. You should take particular care with your spelling and grammar, as well as the clarity of expression, on these questions. Answer the questions in the spaces provided. There may be more space than you need.

Part A

1. The overall stopping distance for a car is given by the equation below: Overall stopping distance = Thinking distance + Braking distance The graph below is the speed-time graph for a car initially travelling at a constant speed. The time starts from the moment the driver sees an obstacle on the road.

(i) What is the reaction (thinking) time of the driver of this car?

[1] time = __________

(ii) Use the equation distance = speed time to calculate the distance travelled by the car during the drivers thinking time. [2]

distance = __________ m (iii) Calculate the total stopping distance for the car if the braking distance is 52.5m. [1]

total stopping distance = __________ m (iv) How long does it take the car to come to a stop after the brakes have been applied? [1]

time = . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . s [Total marks Q1 = 5]

2. Dinos skis down a hill.

(a) Dinos starts from the top of the hill and his speed increases as he goes downhill. He controls his speed and direction by using his skis. He brings himself to a stop at the bottom of the hill. Describe the energy changes that happen between starting and stopping.

[2]

_______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ (b) Dinos returns to the top of the hill and starts again. (i) His mass is 67 kg. Show that his momentum is about 2000 kg m/s when his velocity is 31 m/s.

[2]

momentum = __________ kgm/s (ii) He falls over when his momentum is 2000 kg m/s. After he falls over, he slows down by sliding across the snow. It takes 2.3 s for his momentum to reduce to zero. Calculate the average force on Dinos as he slows down.

[2]

average force = __________ N

(iii) Dinos is not injured by the fall even though he was moving quickly. Use ideas about force and momentum to explain why he is not injured.

[2]

_____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________

[Total marks for Q2 = 8]

3. A car of mass 1 500 kg, travelling at 15 m/s has its speed reduced to 5 m/s when it travels 7.5 m through a pile of sand in the road.

(a) Calculate the loss of kinetic energy of the car.

[3]

loss in kinetic energy = __________ J (b) Use your answer to part (a) along with the equation force x distance = [change in kinetic energy] to find the (mean) resistive force produced by the sand during the collision. [3]

resistive force = ........................................ N (c) Write down the value of the horizontal force that acts on the sand in this collision. [1]

Force on the sand = ........................................ N [Total marks for Q3 = 7] [Total marks for Part A = 20]

PART B You can detach this page You can detach this page

FORMULAE You may find theses formulae useful charge = current time potential difference = current resistance electrical power = current potential difference energy transferred = current potential difference time Q=It V=IR P=IV E=IVt

force = mass acceleration weight = mass gravitational field strength momentum = mass velocity

F=ma W=mg p=mv

work done = force distance moved in the direction of the force

E=Fd

GPE = m g h

Do not forget to include units in all your answers.

You can detach this page PART B

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PART B

BLANK PAGE

PART B

Part B
Surname Name

American Academy Larnaca Year 5 Additional Science

Semester 2 Unit P2 Topic P2.4 Test 1 Physics for your future Momentum, energy, work and power

Part B
The total marks for this part is 20. The total marks for the paper is 40.

Time: 20 minutes

The marks for each question are shown in square brackets. Use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question. You should take particular care with your spelling and grammar, as well as the clarity of expression, on these questions. Answer the questions in the spaces provided. There may be more space than you need.

Part B

1. A 60 kg student weighs 600 N. He does a bungee jump.

The bungee cord becomes straight and starts to stretch when he has fallen 50 m. (a) Complete the sentence by putting a cross ( He first stops moving A B C D ) in the box next to your answer. [1]

before all the energy has disappeared before the bungee cord starts to stretch when the bungee cord is stretched the most when the elastic potential energy is zero ) in the box next to your answer. [1]

(b) Complete the sentence by putting a cross ( When his speed is 10 m/s his momentum is A B C D 600 kg m/s 3 000 kg m/s 6 000 N m/s 30 000 N m/s

(c) (i) Calculate the change in gravitational potential energy as the student falls 50 m. Give the unit.

[3]

change in gravitational potential energy = __________ J (ii) State at what point in the bungee jump the student has maximum kinetic energy. [1] _____________________________________________________________________

(iii) Explain why his maximum kinetic energy is likely to be less than your answer to (c)(i).
[2] _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ [Total for Question = 8 marks] 2. A box with a mass of 0.8 kg is lifted from the floor and placed on a shelf.

The shelf is 1.8 m above the floor.

(i)

The box has gained gravitational potential energy. Calculate the gain in gravitational potential energy. Gravitational field strength = 10 N/kg

[2]

gain in gravitational potential energy = __________ J (ii) The box falls off the shelf. State the kinetic energy of the box just before it hits the floor.

[1]

kinetic energy = __________ J (iii) Just before the box hits the floor it has a momentum of 4.8 kg m/s. Calculate the velocity of the box just before it hits the floor.

[3]

velocity = ........................................ m/s [Total marks for Q2 = 6]

3. A child is stationary on a swing.

(a) The child is given a push by his brother to start him swinging. His brother applies a steady force of 84 N over a distance of 0.25 m. (i) Calculate the work done by this force. [2]

work done = __________ J (ii) State how much energy is transferred by this force. [1]

_____________________________________________________________________ (iii) After several more pushes, the child has a kinetic energy of 71 J. The mass of the child is 27 kg. Show that the velocity of the child at this point is about 2.3 m/s.

[2]

Velocity = __________ m/s (iv)Which one of these quantities changes in both size and direction while he is swinging? Put a cross ( ) in the box next to your answer. [1] A B C D his gravitational potential energy his momentum the force of gravity acting on him his kinetic energy [Total marks for Q3 = 6] [Total marks for Part B = 20]

Mark scheme Part A Question Number 1(i) 1(ii) 1(iii) 1(iv) 2(a) Answer 0.6s 25 x 0.6 (1) = 15 (1) 15 + 52.5 = 67.5 (1) 4.8 0.6 = 4.2 (1) 2 of the following: GPE KE(1) energy heat/sound whilst descending (1) Chemical energy heat energy in Dinos (1) energy dissipated on stopping (1) 67 31 (1) = 2077 (kg m/s) (1) Acceptable answers Mark (1) (2) Allow ecf from 1(ii) (1) (1) PE KE energy heat because of air resistance/ friction energy heat as he stops energy surroundings (2)

2(b)(i)

2(b)(ii)

2000 2.3 (1) = 870 (N) (1) explanation linking two of the following force on Dinos is quite small (1) because impact time is long (1) rate of change of momentum is quite small (1) because impact distance is far (1) x 1500 x 152 = 168 750 (J) (1) x 1500 x 52 = 18 750 (J) (1) 168 750 18 750 = 150 000 (1)

2(b)(iii)

2080, 2100 working backwards using 2000 (v=) 29.85, 30 (m=) 64.52, 65 67 X 31=2000 scores only one mark answer to (b)(i)) 2.3 900, 869.6, 869.5, 903 force is reduced/ less /not as strong slows down/ changes momentum gradually acceleration = 1.35 'g' or 13.5 m/s2 slows down (rate of) change of momentum scores 2 marks

(2)

(2)

(2)

3(a)

(3)

Question Number 3(b)

Answer F x 7.5 = 150 000 (1) F = 150 000 7.5 (1) = 20 000 (1) 20 000 (1)

Acceptable answers

Mark (3)

3(c)

(1)

Part B

Question Number 1(a) 1(b) 1(c)(i)

Answer C (1) A (1) 60 10 50 or 600 50 (2) = 30 000 (1) After falling 50 m / when the cord becomes straight/when cord fully stretched An explanation linking any two of not all GPE is transferred to KE (1) some of the GPE thermal energy /work is done (1) due to drag (1)

Acceptable answers

Mark (1) (1) (3)

1(c)(ii)

1(c)(iii)

2(i)

0.8 10 1.8 (1) = 14.4 (1) 14.4 (J) 4.8 = 0.8 v (1) v = 4.8 / 0.8 (1) = 6 (1)

2(ii) 2(iii)

3(a)(i)

84 0.25 (1) = 21 (1)

3(a)(ii) 3(a)(iii)

21 J 27 x v2 = 71.4 (1) v = 2.29 (1) B (1)

give two marks for correct answer no working tension starting to increase at terminal velocity ignore maximum velocity/speed not all GPE goes to KE maximum energy is same (value) as GPE before falling /speed does not reach the speed at which he should fall some lost as heat/sound (of rope or movement through air) (air) resistance / friction ignore wind give full marks for correct answer, no working e.c.f from part (i) allow substitution and transposition in either order give full marks for correct answer, no working Full marks for correct answer even if no working is evident Ecf from (a)(i) v = 2.29 gains (2). Reverse argument which shows that V = 5.3 gains (2)

(1)

(2)

(2)

(1) (3)

(2)

(1) (2)

3(a)(iv)

(1)