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Iraq: Facts
Population 17.9 million (1991 estimate)
Language: Official language is Arabic(spoken by about 80% of population; 15%speak Kurdish)
Religion: Sunni (Iraq’s regime) and Twelver Shia (more conservative) Islam (95%)
Ethnic groups: Arab (72%), Kurds (23%), theKurds are mainly based on the north and thenorth-west of the country
 
Recent History
1920 – Placed under a League of Nations’mandate, administered by Great Britain
Provided the country with a constitution and abicameral legislature.
Put in place King Faisal I
A 25 year Treaty of Alliance was signed
On October 3, 1932, the British mandate ended andIraq was established as an independent state.
British retained military bases and continued toexercise strong political and military influence in thecountry.
The Iraq Petroleum Company was a conglomerate of British, French and U.S. interests.
King Faisal I
(1885-1933)
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