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Cf. Alain Girard, Le choix du comportament, PUF, Paris, 1983, p. 34
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R. F. Winch, Mate Selection, A. Study of Complementary Needs, New York, 1968, p. 118
L. Roussel, Le divorce et les Franais, I, Enqute dopinion; II, LExperience des divorcs, PUF, Paris, 1975, p. 82
8
Pe larg, n W. J. Goode, Women in Divorce, New York, 1965, p. 52 - 80
9
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A. Corbin, La fascination de ladultre, n G. Duby, Amour et Sexualit en Occident, Seuil, Paris, 1991, p. 133
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14

Cf. Laurence Jyl, La jalousie dans tous ses tats, Plon, Paris, 1993, p. 52

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15

Denis de Rougement, Op. cit. p. 300

Denis de Rougement, Op. cit., p. 305

16

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. Pasionatul este omul care vrea

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Denis de Rougemont, Op. cit., p. 315

Julien Freund, Dclin de la famille et la dcadence, n G. F. Dumont, Pour la libert familialle, PUF, Paris, 1986, p.
17
18

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19

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. Pentru cei ce

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altei persoane o fericire aparte ?

Psihologii vorbesc de numeroase maniere de a recompensa:
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19

Scharon S. Brehm, L'intimit, n S. Moscovici, Psychologie sociale, PUF, Paris, 1991, p.214

oi

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20

Gabriel Moser, Les rlations interpersonneles, PUF, Paris, 1994, p. 153

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(a face cadouri etc).

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subiectului.
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3.2. Comunicarea

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comunicare n cadrXO

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teze asupra subiectelor n

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22

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a)

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- verbale emise de partener.

Un studiu longitudinal efectuat de MaUNPDQSHRGXUDW

GH

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- rolul primordial pe

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22

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Elemente de psihologie a cuplului(GLWXUDDQVD%XFXUHWLS

FXSOXULOHFHWU LHVFRF V WRULHIHULFLW LFXSOXULOHQHIHULFLWHDSHUPLVL]RODUHDLPSDFWXOXLGLIHULWHORU

tipuri de comunicare:
1. ,QWHQ LDGHFRPXQLFDUH1XH[LVW

GLIHUHQ

vQFHHDFHSULYHWHLQWHQ LDGH

FRPXQLFDUH vQ LQWHULRUXO GLIHULWHORU FXSOXUL &KLDU L vQ FXSOXULOH QHIHULFLWH QX H[LVW  GRULQ D GH D
U QLGHDMLJQLSDUWHQHUXO

2. ,PSDFWXO FRPXQLF ULL 3URSRU LD DVSHFWHORU QHJDWLYH vQ FRPXQLFDUH HVWH PDL PDUH OD
cuplurile nefericite.
3. 'LVFXWDUHD SUREOHPHORU 7RDWH FXSOXULOH vL UHSURHD]  UHFLSURF DQXPLWH FRPSRUWDPHQWH
vQV  SDUWHQHULL GLQ FXSOXULOH IHULFLWH VXQW FHO PDL DGHVHD FDSDELOL V  vQ HOHDJ  SXQFWXO GH YHGHUH DO

partenerului.
4. Negocierea unui acord: Cuplurile nefericite fac diverse contra - propuneri nchizndu-se
ntr-RE W OLHGHRUJROLLvQWLPSFHFXSOXULOHIHULFLWHFDXW VROX LLGHFRPSURPLV
5. $WULEXLUHDGHLQWHQ LL7RDWHFXSOXULOHDWULEXLHLQWHQ LLSDUWHQHUXOXLDFHVWHDILLQGGHUHJXO 
HPR LRQDO-QHJDWLYHFULWLFHLRVWLOHvQFXSOXULOHQHIHULFLWHLQHXWUHSHQWUXFHOHODOWH
6. 0HWDFRPXQLFDUHDGLF GLVFX LDDVXSUDPDQLHUHLGHD comunica (de exemplu: Eu nu cred
F  DFHDVW  GLVFX LH VHUYHWH OD FHYD &XSOXULOH QHIHULFLWH DEX]HD]  GH DVWIHO GH GLVFX LL FH
DFFHQWXHD] GLVIXQF LRQDOLW

LOH

8Q DOW DVSHFW DO FRPXQLF ULL YHUEDOH LPSOLF  UHFLSURFLWDWHD FXQRDWHUHD SUREDELOLW
FDUH

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DO

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FRQFOX]LD F  VR XO HVWH DFHOD FDUH SDUH V  FRQWUROH]H WRQDOLWDWHD LQWHUDF LXQLL GDU SH GH DOW  SDUWH
VR XOHVWHPDLSX LQFDSDELOV U VSXQG ODVROLFLW ULOHHPR LRQDOHDOHVR LHLVDOH

B. Comportamnetul non - verbal $FHVWD UHIOHFW  FX ILGHOLWDWH UHOD LD FH H[LVW  vQWUH VR L
Mesajele verbale -VSXQ,0LWURIDQL10Ltrofan -VXQWvQVR LWHvQFRPXQLFDUHDLQWHUXPDQ LDUvQ
FHD LQWUDIDPLOLDO  vQ VSHFLDO GH PHVDMH QRQ - verbale, expresiv - senzitive: fizionomie, mimice,
corporale (pantomimice, kinestezice), comunicarea fiind de fapt un fenomen propriu ntregului
organiVP3XWHPFRQVLGHUDF HPR LLOHVXQWvQWRWGHDXQDvQFRUSRUDWHHOHLQIOXHQ kQGLUHIOHFWkQG
23

vQ DFHODL WLPS FRQGL LD FRUSXOXL

 %HLU L 6WULQEHUJ  FRPSDU  FXSOXULOH FH DX R UHOD LD

DUPRQLRDV  L FXSOXULOH vQ FRQIOLFW REVHUYkQG DWLWXGLQHD ORU FRUSRUDO  vQ WLPSXO GLVFX LHL vQWUH
SDUWHQHUL 5H]XOWDWXO D IRVW XUP WRUXO FXSOXULOH DUPRQLRDVH VXQW DH]DWH DSURSLDW VH SULYHVF vQ
UHSHWDWH UkQGXUL L SHQWUX R GXUDW  PDL OXQJ  vQ WLPSXO GLVFX LHL GHFkW FXSOXULOH vQ FRQIOLFW
&RPXQLF ULOHQRQ

- verbale ntreSDUWHQHULLFDSDFLWDWHDGHGHFRGLILFDUHDFHVWRUFRPXQLF

ULGHF WUH

SDUWHQHU VXQW VXVFHSWLELOH GH HYROX LH vQ IXQF LH GH LPSOLFDUHD UHFLSURF  vQ FDGUXO UHOD LHL
&DSDFLW
FDSDFLW

LOH IHPHLL

- spune A. Moser -SDUV

ILHLPSRUWDQWHSHQWUX

dezvoltarea UHOD LHL vQ timp ce

24
.

LOHE UED LORUVXQWGHWHUPLQDQWHSHQWUXPHQ LQHUHDDFHVWHLUHOD LL

Q FHHD FH SULYHWH stilul de comunicare VH SRW FRQVWDWD DQXPLWH VWHUHRWLSLL PDVFXOLQH L
feminine. Femeile - potrivit opiniei lui Moser -VHFRPSRUW  GHR PDQLHU H[SUHVLY LHPR LRQDO 
25
vQWLPSFHE UED LLDXPDLDOHVXQFRPSRUWDPHQWPDLFXUkQGLQVWUXPHQWDOLRULHQWDWVSUHXQVFRS .
$FHVWH VWLOXUL GH FRPSRUWDPHQW SRW V  FRQGXF  vQ FD]XO ILHF UXLD DWkW OD HYDOX UL SR]LWLYH FkW L

negative. Astfel, comportamentul femiQLQSRDWHILLQWHUSUHWDWFDHPSDWLFLDSURSLDWVDXFDLVWHULFL

UHVSLQJ WRU Q DFHODL WLPS FRPSRUWDPHQWXO WLSLF PDVFXOLQ SRDWH IL LQWHUSUHWDW FD ILLQG SUDFWLF L
FDOP VDX UHFH L HJRLVW Q FHHD FH SULYHWH IHPHLOH QXPHURDVH FHUFHW UL DWHVW  IDSWXO F  HOH VXQW
VRFLDOPHQWH PDL VHQVLELOH GHFkW E UED LL L GHVFLIUHD]  PDL ELQH FRPSRUWDPHQWXO QRQ

-verbal

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HPSDWLD (OH VXQW PDL SULFHSXWH vQ D GD VIDWXUL L GH D
HYLWkQG vQV  V  IRUPXOH]H MXGHF

reconforta pe cineva care are probleme

L FDWHJRULFH $WXQFL FkQG VH DIO  vQ FRQIOLFW FX SDUWHQHUXO HOH DX

WHQWD LD V

-L VFRDW  vQ HYLGHQ  DVSHFWHOH QHJDWLYH UHVSLQJkQG DGHVHD WHQGLQ HOH GH FRQFLOLHUH
Femeile sunt mai sXVFHSWLELOHvQDFRPXQLFDPHVDMHGXEOHLFRQWUDGLFWRULL$VWIHOPXOWHVR LLDIODWH
vQ FRQIOLFW FX SDUWHQHUXOH[SULP  YHUEDO XQPHVDM QHJDWLY DYkQG R DWLWXGLQH QRQ - YHUEDO  SR]LWLY 
23

,RODQGD0LWURIDQL1LFRODH0LWURIDQ

Op., cit., p. 168

A. Moser, Les relations interpersonnelles, PUF, Paris, 1993, p. 200
25
Ibidem

24

surznd - GH SLOG

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DF LRQH]HvQFRQFRUGDQ

FXVHQWLPHQWHOHSHFDUHOHSUREHD] SHQWUXFHO ODOWQWLPSXOXQRUGLVFX LL

FRQWUDGLFWRULL HL VXQW PDL FXUkQG VXVFHSWLELOL V  WHPSRUL]H]H FRQIOLFWXO L V  J VHDVF  HYHQWXDOH
VROX LL GH UH]ROYDUH 0RVHU 6WHUHRWLSLLOH SRW V  MRDFH XQ URO FRHUFLWLY L QRUPDWLY DVXSUD

comportamentului individului. Uneori - spune Moser - comportamentele n acord cu stereotipiile

UHVSHFWLYHVXQWUHFRPSHQVDWH(OHSRWILWUDQVPLVHFRSLLORUSULQHGXFD LHLLPLWD LH6R XOFRQVLGHU 
F VHUYLFLXOLF PLQXOFR

nMXJDOVXQWGRX

VIHUHGLIHULWH

1X HVWH OLSVLW  GH LQWHUHV QLFL SUREOHPD UHOD LLORU GH SXWHUH 'LQ SHUVSHFWLYD LQWHUDF LRQDO 

puterea este capacitatea unui individ de a influeQ D vQ PRG GHOLEHUDW FRPSRUWDPHQWXO DOWFXLYD ea
GHFXUJkQGGLQDXWRULWDWHDSHFDUHRDUHLQGLYLGXOUHVSHFWLYQJHQHUDOVHDGPLWHIDSWXOF vQUHOD LLOH
LQWHUSHUVRQDOHKHWHURVH[XDOHE UED LLDXPDLPXOW SXWHUHGHFkWIHPHLOH$FHDVW GLIHUHQ

GHSXWHUH

UH]XOW  GLQ LQYHVWL LD GH DXWRULWDWH SH FDUH R DUH E UEDWXO L FDUH UH]XOW  GLQ FRQWUROXO DVXSUD
UHVXUVHORUHFRQRPLFHLGHORFGHQHJOLMDWGLQIRU DVDIL]LF 3UREOHPDHVWHGLVFXWDELO 
3XWHUHDXQXLLQGLYLGHVWHGHSHQGHQ

GHGLYHUVLWDWHDLDPSORDUHDUHVXUVHORUGHFDUHGLVSXQH

resurse socio - economice, resurse afective, resurse intelectuale, resurse sexuale. n perspectiva
VFKLPEXULORU VRFLDOH R SHUVRDQ  GH LQH SXWHUHD vQ PRPHQWXO vQ FDUH HD SRVHG  UHVXUVHOHDPLQWLWH L
OHYDORUL]HD] FRQGXFkQGODGHSHQGHQ DSDUWHQHUXOXLLODFRQWUROXODVXSUDDF

estuia. Rodman (1960)

DWUDJH DWHQ LD F  DFHVW PRGHO QX HVWH XQLYHUVDO 1X vQWRWGHDXQD XQ VWDWXW VRFLR - economic ridicat
conduce la dobndirea puterii n interiorul cuplului. Aceasta depinde n principal de modul de
YDORUL]DUH D UHVXUVHORU GH LQXWH Q JHQHUDO E UED LL GH LQ R SXWHUH ED]DW  SH UHVXUVH HFRQRPLFH vQ
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V FUHDVF SXWHUHDFH RGH LQSULQFRPSRUWDPQHWXOORUDIHFWLYLVH[XDO 1LFLXQPLMORF FRHU
SRDWH FRQGXFH SH XQXO GLQ PHPEULL FXSOXOXL V

-L LXEHDVF

citiv nu

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UHOD LDGHGUDJRVWHSURYLQHGLQIDSWXOF HDQXDUHYDORDUHGHFkWGDF SDUWHQHUXORYDORUL]HD] 

Q FHHD FH SULYHWH VWUDWHJLLOH GH LQIOXHQ
SHUVRQDO  I FkQG UHIHULQ

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 OD DIHF LXQH % UED LL VXQW vQ JHQHUDO vQFOLQD L V  XWLOL]H]H IRUPH PDL

GLUHFWHGHSXWHUHFH LQGHFRHUFL LHLDXWRULWDWH-RKQVRQ$O LDXWRULDXSURSXVRFODVLILFDUH

a diferitelRU VWUDWHJLL D H[HUFL LXOXL GH SXWHUH vQ LQWHULRUXO FXSOXOXL 5RYHQ  3XWHUHD SRDWH V 
se manifeste n diferite maniere: fie direct, prin intermediul schimburilor posibile (recompense) sau
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FD SDUWHQHUXO V  DGRSWH SXQFWXO V X GH YHGHUH LPSXQkQG GHFL]LLOH LQYRFkQG DXWRULWDWHD VDX

respectul.

3.3. Conflictele

&HOH PDL PXOWH F

VQLFLL VXQW LQYHUVXO S

paradisul, se traQVIRUP

U LORU 'LYLQHL &RPHGLL vQFHS FX

vQSXUJDWRULXLVIkUHVFvQLQIHUQ

Dichler

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LLUH]XOW DGHVHDGLQFDSDFLWDWHDVR LORUGH

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-o

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Mesajele schimbDWH GH F

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26

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atingerea obiectivului.
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sau mDMRUH 2 FDX]

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- spune G. Moser - VH DIO

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n declin:
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punctul de vedere, fie comportamentul;

2. Unul dintre parWHQHULVDXDPkQGRLDWHDSW
26

LVSHU RDPHOLRUDUH

G. Moser, Les rlations interpersonelles, PUF, Paris, 1994, p. 217

-LPRGLILFHILH

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unuia dintre parteneri. n mod curios, fiecDUHGLQWUHSDUWHQHULDUHRQHW

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27

LQL LDWLYD

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28
.

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ocolite. Sentimentul de non - echitate este un factor de non -

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timpul29.
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chimburilor. Cu toate

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DX UH LQHUL vQ FHHD FH SULYHWH H[SULPDUHD RSLQLLORU 6H HPLW DOX]LL L VXEvQ HOHVXUL DGHY UXUL SH

27

C. Tapia, Psichosociologie de la vie affective, Harmattan, Paris, 1987, p. 50

Cf. G. Moser, Op. cit., p. 222
29
R. Muchielli, Psychologie de la vie conjugale, ESF, Paris, 1973, p. 72

28

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spuse cu zmbetul pe buze.

3.

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5. Partenerii vorbesc limbaj diferit. Fiecare

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cuvntul este nlocuit cu scrisul (scurte

amintiri etc.

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putea suporta iar uneori chiar de trei.

Alexandre Dumas

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30
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31

. Voltaire

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30
31

Cf. Arlette Lebigre, La longue marche du divorce, n Amour et sexualit en Occident, Editions du Seuil, 1991, p. 249
Ibidem

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35

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34
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PhiliSSH$ULqVL*HRUJHV'XE\Op. cit., p. 29 - 30
Op. cit., p. 239

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36

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36

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