EEFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON THE RATE OF REACTION

SCIENTIFIC CONCEPT:
Particles will react when they are collide.the rate of reaction will increase by supplying heat
to the reactant whereby the particles in the reaction will collide faster and more frequent
rather than when the reactant the reactant were let to react in cold temperature or room
temperature.

Collisions only result in a reaction if the particles collide with enough energy to get the
reaction started. This minimum energy required is called the activation energy for the
reaction.The position of activation energy can be mark on a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution
to get a diagram as follow:

To speed up the reaction, the number of the very energetic particles need to be increase those
with energies equal to or greater than the activation energy. Increasing the temperature has
exactly that effect it changes the shape of the graph.

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The graph labelled T is at the original temperature. The graph labelled T+t is at a higher
temperature.

Remember that the area under a curve gives a count of the number of particles.

Therefore, Increasing the temperature increases reaction rates because of the

disproportionately large increase in the number of high energy collisions. It is only these
collisions (possessing at least the activation energy for the reaction) which result in a
reaction.

UNIQUE FEATURE OF THIS ACTIVITY:

This activity requires students to build and compare the rate of reaction that may occur
when react in the different temperature.The unique feature of using simulations are:

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 • This data can be obtained easily from the intenet and it is much more fun for students
to use in order to understand what actually they learned about.

• Data displayed in a systematis manner, easy to observe the differences between the
data observed.

• Students will discover that a simulation can help them in observing the results

ENGAGE:

Situation 1:eggs cook with hot water situation 2:eggs cook using gas stove

1. What can you observe from the picture?

2. Which one of the egg in the picture above do you think will cook first in those two
situation?

3. In what way those two situation above related with our lesson today?

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EMPOWER

Steps:

1. Students need to plan an experiment to determine the effects of temperature on the

reaction rate.

2. They are given :

- Stopwatch

- Beaker, 200ml and 500ml

- Measuring cylinder, 100ml

- Thermometer

- Source of hot water

- Ice cubes

- Distilled water

- Hydrochloric acid, HCl

- Potassium iodide, KI

- Hydrogen peroxide, H2O2

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 3. Procedure

1. Pour 60ml of distilled water into the 200ml beaker.

2. Add 10ml of H2O2 then, 20ml of HCl and 10ml of KI
3. Place the solution at the room temperature ( 25 °C )
4. Record the time when the solution change into yellow
5. Repeat the experiment using the cold water for 5 °C and use hot water for the 35
°C and 45 °C. Use the thermometer to make sure the tempeture is correctly.
6. Record all the result in the table

4. Log on the web side and observe the animation of the experiment to answer the
question given.

http://www.chem.iastate.edu/group/Greenbowe/sections/projectfolder/flashfiles/k
inetics2/kinetics.html

RESULTS

Reaction rate for temperature : 5°C

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Reaction Rate for temperature : 15 ° C

Reaction Rate for temperature : 25 ° C

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Reaction Rate for temperature : 35 ° C

Reaction Rate for temperature : 45 ° C

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Another example: Log on to this web site

http://www.freezeray.com/flashFiles/RatesOfReactionTemp.swf

Questions :

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 1. As the temperature increases, the time for the solution change to yellow......

2. So, as the temperature increases, the rate of reaction...............

3. How does temperature affect the rate of a chemical reaction?

Answers :

1. Decrease

2. Increase

3. When two chemicals react, their molecules have to collide with each other with
sufficient energy for the reaction to take place. This is collision theory. The two
molecules will only react if they have enough energy. By heating the mixture,
you will raise the energy levels of the molecules involved in the reaction.
Increasing temperature means the molecules move faster.

ENHANCE:

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In the daily life, when the rice are cook with it will take about 45 minutes to cook.on the
other hand, the rice that has been cook by using gas stove only take only about 15-20 minutes
to cook.Why do you think that rice take much longer time to cook in the rice cooker compare
to the rice that cook by using the gas stove?

Answer: Cooking with gas gives more temperature controll (it takes longer for electric
heating elements to cool down or heat up).It’s not that gas is faster to cook with. When the
temperature is adjust on a gas stove, the heating element changes temperature instantly. So it
is far more control over the temperature at which what we are cooking, so we are less likely
to overcook food. And we can also judge cooking times for individual dishes or ingredients
better, so that a whole meal is ready at once.

References:

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1. http://www.chemguide.co.uk/physical/basicrates/temperature.html

2. http://www.buy-ovens.com/stoves/what-is-the-difference-between-
cooking-on-a-gas/

3. Example of experiment from

http://www.alkaseltzer.com/as/student_experiment1.html at 14 september 2009

4. The simulation model from

http://www.chem.iastate.edu/group/Greenbowe/sections/projectfolder/flashfiles/kineti
cs2/kinetics.html at 14 september 2009

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