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G{]n¬ 2009
31
 
hnPb-Ipam¿ ªmØq¿ 
alØmb kn\naIfneqsS Hcp bm{X
1 9 6 2/ d j y ≥/ 
b & w
/ B t { µ X ¿ t ° m h v k v I n
c
≠mw temI alm-bp≤ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ \n¿Ωn® Nn{X-amWv "sFhm≥kvssN¬UvlpUv' ˛ djy≥ kwhn-[m-b-I-\mbBt{µ X¿t°m-hvkv°n-bpsS BZy apgp-\ofkn\n-a-bm-WnXv."sFhms‚ Ip´n°me'sØ "tkmjyenÃvk¿dn-b-enkw' F∂ kw⁄-bp-]-tbm-Kn-®mWv km¿{Xv {]iw-kn-®-Xv. Cu kn\n-a-bn-eqsS AXp-h-sc ]cn-Nn-X-a-√m-Xn-cp∂ ]pXnb Hcp Ah-X-cW coXn X¿t°mhvkvIn ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øn.
sFhm≥kv ssN¬UvlpUv 
1960 ¬ \n¿Ωn® Xs‚ Untπma Nn{XambÃnwtdm-f¿ B‚v hb-en-\n¬ Hcp ]{¥≠vhpImc\mWv \mbI≥˛ Ãnw tdmf¿ ss{Uhdm-Im≥ sImXn-°p∂ Ah\pw Ãnw tdmf¿ss{Uhdpw XΩn-ep≈ kulr-Z-amWm kn\n-abpsS hnjbw.Cu kn\nabnepw Hcp ]{¥≠vhbp-Imc-\mWv \mbI≥. sFhm≥˛ bp≤-Øn¬ \mknIfpsS B{IaWØn¬ AΩbpwA—\pw Ip™\pPØnbpw sIm√s∏´ A\mY-\m-W-h≥. djy≥ ]´m-f-Ønse Nne Hm^o- k¿amcmWv Ahs‚ c£I¿Øm°ƒ˛ tIW
 
imkv{XtIcfw 
32
emb {Knbm-kvt\m-hvsFhm\v ]nXr-Xp-ey-\m-Wv. Ing-°≥ bp≤-ap-∂-Wn-bn¬ P¿Ω≥ kJy-tk-\-bp-ambns]mcpXpIbmWh¿. sFhms\ ]Tn∏n°m-\-b-°m≥ Ah¿ {ian-°p-∂p-≠vv.]s£ sFhm≥ ]´m-f-tØm-sSm∏w\mknItfmSv s]mcpXphm\p≈ Xocpam-\-Øn-em-Wv. Ahs‚ {]mb-Øn-s‚bpw saen-™p-W-ßnb ico-c-Øn-s‚bpw B\p-Iq-ey-ap-]-tbm-Kn-®v˛ i{Xp]m-fb-Ønse cl-ky-߃tNm¿Øp∂ Nmc-∏Wn sNøp-I-bm-W-h≥. P¿Ω≥ \nb-{¥W {]tZ-iØp\n∂pw ]´m-f-°m-cpsS IÆp-sh-´n-®vcm{Xn-bnse sImSpw XWp-∏n¬ AXn-¿Ønbnse NXp∏p \nd™ h\-{]-]-tZ-i-Øp-IqsS Iºn-th-en-Iƒ \qgv∂vIS∂v djy≥ Hu´vt]m-Ãn-te°v\oßp∂ sFhms\ ImWn-®p-sIm-≠mWv kn\na Bcw-`n-°p-∂-Xv.bp≤-Øn\p apºp≈ sFhms‚Ip´n-°m-e-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ kqN-\-I-fmbv k]v\-Zr-iy-߃ ImWn®p Xcp-∂p≠v kwhn-[m-b-I≥. kt¥m-j-Øn-s‚bpw {]Xo-£-bp-sSbpw ]cn-kcw...]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ Ipbn-ens‚ i_vZw.a™p-Xp-≈n-Iƒ Xnf-ßp∂ F´p-Imenhe°∏pdw hnS¿∂ IÆpIfp≈sFhms‚\njvI-f-¶-apJamWv BZy s{^bnw. BSns‚bpw ]qºm-‰-bp-sSbpw IqsS D√-kn®p Ign-bp∂ sFhm≥˛ ac-®n-√Iƒ°n-S-bn-eqsS Hg-pIn \oßp-I-bm-Wh≥. Xmsg \ncØneqsS sXm´nbn¬sh≈-hp-ambn \S∂p t]mIp-∂- A-Ωsb Ah≥ ImWp-∂p˛ sXm´n-bn¬apJw XmgvØn sh≈w IpSn®v ˛ "AtΩ˛ A-hnsS Hcp Ip-bn-ep≠v' F∂p-]-d-bp-∂p. s]s´∂v AΩ-bpsS ZriywNcn™v A{]Xy£amIp∂p. sR´nbpW-cp∂ sFhm≥ ˛ D-t]-£n-°-s∏´Im‰mSnan√nse HfnhnSØn¬ \n∂v]pdØn-d-ßp-I-bm-W-h≥.sFhm≥ Bcm-sW-∂v kw-hn-[m-b-I≥ ]dbp∂n√. XWpØphnd®v ˛ NXp∏n-eqsS Xpg™v Ah-i-\mb sF-hms\ Hcp djy≥ ]´mf°mc≥ ]nSnIqSn Iam‚nwMv Hm^o-k-dpsSASp-sØ-Øn-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Bcm-sW∂pw Fhn-Sp∂p hcp-s∂∂pw ]d-bp-∂n√ ˛ Iam‚nwMvHm^o-k¿ sFhm-t\-°mƒ A©m-dp- hb-kpam{Xw {]mbIqSpXep≈ Hcp sNdp-∏-°m-c-\m-Wv. e^v‰-\‚v Km¬Svtk-hv.Fs¥ms° tNmZn®n´pw sFhm≥Xm\m-cm-sW∂v shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂n-√.]´m-f-Øns‚ slUvIzm¿´-dn¬ Ahs‚cl-ky-\maw]d™v Ah-\n-hnsS FØn-bn-´p-s≠-∂v- A-dn-bn-°m≥ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂p. BZyw aSn®p\n∂ Hm^o-k¿˛sFhms‚ \n›-b-Zm¿Vy-Øn¬ ˛ A-h-km\w ]´mftI{µØn¬hnfn-®-dn-bn-°p-∂p.tIW¬ {Knbmkvt\mhvv-˛DS≥ Xs∂sF-hm-\p-th≠ F√m kuI-cy-ßfpw\¬Im\pw Ah≥ sIm≠p-h-∂n-´p≈cl-ky-hn-h-c-߃ X\n°v Ab®pXcm\pw DØchnSp∂p. sFhms\ Iq´nsIm≠phcm\mbn Iym]v‰≥ tImens\Atßm-´-b-°p-∂p-s≠∂pw Adn-bn-°p-∂p.Hcp ]´mf Hm^o-k¿°v th≠kuIcyßfmWv ]n∂oSv sFhm\v e`n°p-∂Xv. Ipfn Ign™v `£Ww Ign-®pXpSßptºmtg°pw sFh≥ Xf¿∂vabßn hoWp-t]m-bn-cp-∂p. sFhms\sIm®pIp™n-s\sb∂-t]m-se- ssI-bn¬ tImcn-sb-SpØv e^v‰-\‚vKm¬Svtk-hv In-S°-bn¬ InS-Øp-I-bm- Wv.A]-I-S-I-c-amb bp-≤-ta-J-e-bn¬\n∂pw kpc-£n-X-am-bn-S-tØ°vsFhms\ am‰m\mbn˛ Ahs\ anen´dnA°m-Uan-bn¬ ]Tn-°m≥ tN¿°m≥tIW¬ {Knbmkvt\mhpw Iq´cpw {ian°p-∂p. CjvS-an-√mØ sFhm≥ Hfn-t®m-Sp-∂p. bp≤-Øn¬ XI¿∂p Xcn-∏-
B t { µ  X ¿ t ° m h v k v I n 
 
G{]n¬ 2009
33
alØmb kn\naIfneqsS Hcp bm{X
Wamb HcnSØv\n∂v sFhms\ Ah¿I≠p-]n-Sn-°p-∂p. Ahs‚ Xocp-am-\-߃ am‰m-\m-hm-Ø-Xm-sW-∂h¿ a\-kn-em-°p-∂p.\mkn A[o\Xbnep≈ Hcp {]tZi-tØ°v \pg-™p-Ib-dm-\p≈AXy¥w A]ISw ]nSn® Hcp Zu-Xy-Øn-emWv ]n∂o-S-h¿. B {ia-Øn-\n-S-bn¬ sFhm≥ A{]-Xy-£-\m-Ip-∂p.bp≤m-\-¥c _¿en-\mWv Ah-km\w \Ωƒ ImWp-∂-Xv˛ Ip´nØwamdmØ ]gb Iam‚nwMv Hm^o-k¿Km¬Svtkhv˛ apdn∏mSpIƒ apJØp≈]ucpjw \nd™ Hcp Hm^o-k-dm-Wn-t∏mƒ. tkmhn-b‰v tk\ _¿en-\nseHcp Pbn¬ tcJ-Iƒ ]cn-tim-[n-°p-I-bmWv˛ h[in£ \S∏nem°nbhcpsS^b-ep-I-fn¬˛ sFhms‚ Nn{XwAt±lw Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂p. Xq°p-I-b-dp- Iƒ Xqßn \n¬°p∂ ac-W-ap-dn-I-fn¬˛ Rm∂p InS-∂m-Sp∂ sFhms‚[ocapJw.Hm¿ΩIfpsS ^vfmjv_ms° ∂hÆw AeIfnfIp∂ ]pg°cbnses]mSn-a-W-en¬ AΩ-bpsS _°-‰nsesh≈-Øn¬ apJw XmgvØn sh≈w -IpSn°p∂ sFhms\bmWv \mw ]n∂oSv ImWp∂Xv. "Hfnt® ˛ It≠' Ifn-°p∂ sFhm\pw Iq´p-Im-cpw. DW-ßn{Zhn®H‰ ac-Øn-emWvsXmtS-≠-Xv.Ifn-Xp-S-ßn.BscbpwImWmsXXnc™vHmSn \S-°p∂sFhm≥ s]s´-∂mWv A\n-b-Ønsb ImWp-∂-Xv. ]pdsI HmSp∂sFhm≥ Ahsf IS∂v acW-hr-£-Øn-\-Sp-sØØn sXmS-\m-bp-tºmƒkn\na Ah-km-\n-°p-∂p.amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ thdn-´p-Xm-a-kn-°p∂ IpSpw-_-km-l-N-cy-Øn-em-bn-cp∂p kwhn-[m-b-Is‚ _meyw.AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ _mey-Øns‚A\mYXzw Ct±lØns‚ ]e kn\na-I-fnepw {][m\ hnj-b-ß-fn-sem-∂m-Wv. Bfl-\n-jvT-Xbv°v kn\n-a-bn¬ ]pXnb am\-߃ Is≠-ØnbX¿-t°m-hv-kv°n-bpsS "and¿' F∂kn\n-a-bn¬ kwhn[m-bIs‚ _mey-Øns‚ Bflmwiw hfsc hywKy-ambn \ap-°-\p-`-h-s∏Spw.Bt{µdq_vtfmhv 'F∂ kn\n-a-bn¬B t]cn-ep≈ {]ikvX {InkvXy≥Nn{X-Im-cs‚ Bfl-kw-L¿j-ß-fm-Wp-≈-Xv._mey-Øns‚ Xe-ßsf"sFhms‚ Ip´n-°m-e-'Øn¬ hni-Z-am°p∂Xv]eXcw a\pjycneqsSbmWv. Ip´nØw amdmØ Km¬SvtkhvF∂ Iam‚nwMv Hm^ok¿ Nmc\mbsFhm-t\mSv ]d-bp-∂p≠v 'bp≤wIp´n-Iƒ°p-ff CS-a√' ( sFhm-s\-°mƒ A[n-I-sam∂pw {]mb-an√Abmƒ°pw.) amj F∂ t\gvkns\bp≤-ta-J-e-bn¬ \n∂pw ]d-™-b-°ptºmƒ Abmƒ ]dbp∂Xv "bp≤w]pcpj≥amcpsS ]Wn'bmsW∂mWv.{ InkvXy≥ Bflo-bXbpwsa‰m-^n-kn-°¬XoapIfpw,temßvtS-°p-Ifpw,\mS-Io-bX\nd™]c-º-cm-KX IY]d-®n¬coXn-I-fn-√m-bvabpw a\-kn-te°v H´n- t®¿°-s∏Spw hn[-ap≈ Ombm-{K-lW coXnIfpsams° \nd™XmWvCt±-l-Øns‚ F√m kn\n-a-Ifpw."X¿t°m-hvkvIn-b≥' coXn-I-fm-bn
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