ADVERBUL Determina un verb in sensul lui concret, de baza Determina un adjectiv

Ex: He runs quickly because he is extremely quick. In general adverbul este terminat in ly , dar nu tot ce are ly este adverb. De regula se !ormeaza din adjectiv + ly. "odi!icari ortogra!ice: #$ daca ad%ectivul se termina in e, acesta se &astreaza ely Ex: nice ' nicely Exce&tii: due duly (datorat) true truly w ole w olly ($ daca ad%ectivul se termina in le, se trans!orma e in y ) ly Ex: ca&able ' ca&ably *$ daca ad%ectivul se termina in ll, se adauga doar lly Ex: !ull ' !ully +$ daca ad%ectivul se termina in ic, se adauga ally Ex: automatic ' automatically ,$ daca ad%ectivul se termina in y, indi!erent daca este &recedat de vocala sau de consoana, se trans!orma in i si se adauga ily Ex: &retty ' &rettily gay ' gaily Exce&tii: ! y ! yly wry wryly coy coyly (!"io!) -$ ad%ectivul good !ace adverbul .ell # ca sa veri!ic /0urile unui adverb, il des!ac in ad%ectiv 1 ly Ex: usually 2 usual 1 ly bitterly 2 bitter 1 ly a.!ully 2 a.!ul 1 ly Adverbe care au $ "or%e cu acela!i i&teles 3oricare din ele este corect$ '. bri( t ) bri( tly $. !ou&d ) !ou&dly *. "air ) "airly +. ti( t ) ti( tly (sunt echivalente) +. dear ) dearly ,. dead ) deadly -. c ea. ) c ea.ly Ex: 4he sun shines bright ) brightly. # !orma in ly se va &re!era totusi cand adverbul determina un ad%ectiv Ex: He is deadly tired. 3si nu he is dead tired$. 5dverbul cheap se va !olosi in loc de cheaply doar &entru a caracteriza activitati comerciale 3to buy, to sell, to get$ Ex: 6he bought it chea&. dar 7e traveled chea&ly.

Adverbe cu $ "or%e cu $ i&tele!uri di"erite clean 2 com&let cleanly 2 intr0o maniera curata clear 2 exact clearly 2 intr0o maniera clara close 2 a&ro&iat closely 2 indea&roa&e dee& 2 adanc dee&ly 2 &ro!und direct 2 direct directly 2 imediat due 2 s&re 3la busola$ duly 2 &unctual Ex: 4hey .ent due 6outh.

easy 2 usor Ex: 4ake it easy8 easily 2 intr0o maniera le%era !ree 2 gratis !reely 2 &e sleau, deschis !ull 2 com&let !ully 2 &e scara larga, intr0o maniera extinsa hard 2 greu hardly 2 de0abia, cu greu, a&roa&e deloc high 2 sus highly 2 !oarte %ust 2 tocmai %ustly 2 asa cum se cuvine late 2 tarziu lately 2 in ultima vreme large 2 extins largely 2 &e scara larga most 2 ma%oritatea mostly 2 cu &recadere near 2 langa nearly 2 a&roa&e ca &retty 2 !oarte &rettily 2 intr0o maniera draguta right 2 exact rightly 2 cu &recizie, clar shar& 2 !ix shar&ly 2 intr0o maniera taioasa short 2 brusc shortly 2 imediat

Adverbe !i adjective cu aceea!i "or%a !i i&tele! !ast !ar early alike alone &ast solo straight next little outside # daca adjectivul !e ter%i&a i& ly/ el devine adverb &rin contructia i& a + adj + %a&&er Ex: He is a !riendly &erson. ad% He s&eaks to me in a !riendly .ay ) manner. adv

co.ard 2 las 3substantiv$ co.ardly 2 las 3ad%ectiv$ in a co.ardly manner 2 cu lasitate 3adverb$ 0radele de co%.aratie 6e construiesc ast!el: #$ daca adjectivul !i adverbul au aceea!i "or%a, se com&orta ca un adjectiv !curt 3gradele se !ac cu er si est $ Ex: I run !ast ) not so !ast as ) as !ast as ) !aster than ) the !astest o! all ) very !ast ($ daca adverbul se obtine din adjectiv + ly, !ace gradele de com&aratie ca un adjectiv lu&( 3cu more si the most $ Ex: He runs quickly ) less quickly than ) as quickly as ) more quickly than ) the most quickly o! all ) very quickly 1o%.aratia re(ulata well better t e be!t badly wor!e t e wor!t %uc %ore t e %o!t "ar "art er t e "art e!t "urt er t e "urt e!t &ear &earer t e &e2t little le!! t e lea!t late later t e la!t

Adverbe de ti%. a(o ' se !oloseste cand ra.ortarea !e "ace "ata de u& %o%e&t .re3e&t Ex: I sa. her one hour ago. # daca ra&ortarea se !ace !ata de un %o%e&t trecut, in loc de ago se &une before Ex: I told her that I had met her one hour be!ore. "or ' arata durata u&ei actiu&i "ara a .re3e&ta %o%e&tul de i&ce.ut !i !"ar!it al actiu&ii. Este s&eci!ic &rezentului &er!ect sim&lu si continuu si trecutului &er!ect continuu. Ex: I haven9t met her !or t.o years. # se &oate intalni si cu tim&ul trecut Ex: I .as a student !or t.o years 3I9m no longer a student$. # &entru &erioade lungi de tim& 3!or ages, !or centuries$ # &u !e .u&e "or du.a verbele4 to la!t to ta5e to wait to !.e&d to !tay Ex: I9ve been .aiting ten minutes, 3si nu Ive been waiting for ten minutes$. It lasts !ive seconds, 3si nu it lasts for five seconds$. !i&ce ' arata i&ce.utul .erioadei "ara a .reci3a durata !i %o%e&tul "i&al. Este s&eci!ic &rezentului &er!ect sim&lu si continuu si trecutului continuu. Ex: I haven9t met her since "onday. Locutiu&i adverbiale !ub!t + a"ter + !ub!t day a!ter day year a!ter year month a!ter month duri&( ' urmat intotdeauna de substantiv. 5 nu se con!unda cu w ile 3in tim& ce$, care &resu&une actiuni &aralele. During &oate !i inlocuit cu in daca se re!era la &erioade de tim& Ex: during my li!e 2 in my li!e "ro% 6 to ' &oate !i inlocuit cu till, dar niciodata cu u&til, &entru ca until nu &resu&une cunoasterea momentului de s!arsit al actiunii Ex: I .ork until I die. 3nu stiu cand$ I get u& at : o9clock and .ork till #; o9clock. # until nu &oate !i cu&rins in ex&resia from to in loc de to

Adverbul de %od "airly ' "oarte/ dar &u e2traordi&ar Ex: <our story is !airly interesting. =airly se cu&leaza intotdeauna cu ad%ectivul la gradul &ozitiv. 7uite ' este mai &uternic decat !airly. 6e !oloseste cand vreau sa !ac o a.reciere "avorabila. Ex: 4his car is quite chea&. # cand se re!era la ad%ective sau adverbe care nu au grade de com&aratie, quite ca&ata sensul de absolut, com&let, de0a dre&tul. Ex: <our dress is quite unique. rat er ' se !oloseste cand am de !acut o a.reciere &e"avorabila !i !e&!ul e!te ) "oarte/ &ea!te.tat de. 6e !oloseste numai cu caracteristici negative. Ex: 4his car is rather ex&ensive. >oate !i .recedat !i ur%at de articolul a Ex: 4his is a rather di!!icult exercise. 4his is rather a di!!icult exercise. .retty ' "oarte ("a%iliar/ i&tre .riete&i) Ex: I9m &retty tired. very ' Este cel mai cunoscut si se cu&leaza cu orice 3&ozitiv, com&arativ sau su&erlativ$ Ex: I do my very best. He is very much !aster than I am. %uc 8 a lot 2 se cu&leaza cu co%.arativul Ex: He is much !aster than I am. by "ar 2 se cu&leaza cu !u.erlativul Ex: He is by !ar the !astest o! all. too ' se cu&leaza cu .o3itivul Ex: He is too !ast. e&ou( ' se cu&leaza cu &ozitivul, dar se aseaza du&a el Ex: He is !ast enough !or a cham&ion. !o ' se cu&leaza Ex: 0 cu much/ many/ little/ few + !ub!ta&tiv 0 cu adjectiv 8 adverb la .o3itiv It is so difficult. I have so many !riends ) so much money. 4here is so little time le!t. 0 !ub!ta&tiv &u%arabil la !( .recedat de a 0 de co&!tructia adjectiv + !ub!ta&tiv la .l He is such a man. 4hey are such interesting persons.

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