SYNOPSISWHAT DO WE MEAN BY SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT?
Supply chain management (SCM) is the management of a network ofinterconnected businesses involved in the ultimate provision of product andservice packages required by end customers.
It spans all movement and storage of raw materials, work-in-processinventory, and finished goods from point of origin to point of consumption.
It encompasses the planning and management of all activities involved insourcing, procurement, conversion, and logistics management activities. It alsoincludes the crucial components of coordination and collaboration with channelpartners, which can be suppliers, intermediaries, third-party service providers,and customers.In essence, Supply Chain Management integrates supply and demand management withinand across companies.CONTENTS1.INTRODUCTION2.WHAT IS A SUPPLY CHAIN3.SUPPLY CHAIN MODELLING4.ISSUES IN SCM5.ACTIVITIES OF SCM5.1) STRATEGIC5.2) TACTICAL5.3) OPERATIONAL6.DEVELOPMENT OF SCM7.METRIC & DATA COLLECTION8.COMPONENTS OF SCM INTEGRATION8.1) THE MANAGEMENT COMPONENTS OF SCM8.1.1) REVERSE SC9.SUPPLY CHAIN BUSINESS PROCESS INTEGRATION10.SUPPLY CHAIN NETWORK11.THEORIES OF SCM12.SUPPLY CHAIN SUSTAINABLITY13.SUPPLY CHAIN OPTIMIZATION14.FLOWCASTING15.GLOBALIZATION16.IMPROVING SCM17.SUPPLY CHAIN RISK MANAGEMENT18.SUPPLY CHAIN SECURITY19.VALUE CHAIN20.VALUE REFERENCE MODEL21.VALUE NETWORK21.1) EXTERNAL VALUE NETWORK21.2) INTERNAL VALUE NETWORK22. IMPORTANT TERM & CONCEPT23. FLEXIBILITY, INVENTORY, & CUSTOMER SERVICE24. TWO UNUSUAL EXAMPLE OF SCM25. CONCLUSION26. REFERENCES
SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENTINTRODUCTION:In the 21st century, changes in the business environment have contributed to thedevelopment of supply chain networks. In general, such a structure can be definedas "a group of semi-independent organizations, each with their capabilities, whichcollaborate in ever-changing constellations to serve one or more markets in orderto achieve some business goal specific to that collaboration" (Akkermans, 2001).First, as an outcome of globalization and the proliferation ofmultinational companies, joint ventures, strategic alliances and businesspartnerships, there were found to be significant success factors, following theearlier "Just-In-Time", "Lean Manufacturing" and "Agile Manufacturing" practices.Second, technological changes, particularly the dramatic fall in informationcommunication costs, which are a significant component of transaction costs, haveled to changes in coordination among the members of the supply chain network(Coase , 1998).Many researchers have recognized these kinds of supply networkstructures as a new organization form, using terms such as "Keiretsu", "ExtendedEnterprise", "Virtual Corporation", "Global Production Network", and "NextGeneration Manufacturing System". Organizations increasingly find that they mustrely on effective supply chains, or networks, to successfully compete in theglobal market and networked economy. In Peter Drucker's (1998) new managementparadigms, this concept of business relationships extends beyond traditionalenterprise boundaries and seeks to organize entire business processes throughout avalue chain of multiple companies.During the past decades, globalization, outsourcing and information technologyhave enabled many organizations, such as Dell and Hewlett Packard, to successfullyoperate solid collaborative supply networks in which each specialized businesspartner focuses on only a few key strategic activities (Scott, 1993). This inter-organizational supply network can be acknowledged as a new form of organization.However, with the complicated interactions among the players, the networkstructure fits neither "market" nor "hierarchy" categories (Powell, 1990)NOW WHAT IS A ‘SUPPLY CHAIN’?A supply chain is the system of organizations, people, technology, activities,information and resources involved in moving a product or service from supplier tocustomer. Supply chain activities transform natural resources, raw materials andcomponents into a finished product that is delivered to the end customer. Insophisticated supply chain systems, used products may re-enter the supply chain atany point where residual value is recyclable. Supply chains link value chains.A BASIC SUPPLY CHAIN.SUPPLY NETWORKA supply network is a pattern of temporal and spatial processes carried out atfacility nodes and over distribution links, which adds value for customers throughthe manufacturing and delivery of products. It comprises the general state ofbusiness affairs in which all kinds of material (work-in-process material as wellas finished products) are transformed and moved between various value-add pointsto maximize the value added for customers.
A supply chain is a special instance of a supply network in which raw materials,intermediate materials and finished goods are procured exclusively as productsthrough a chain of processes that supply one another.In the semiconductors industry, for example, work-in-process moves fromfabrication to assembly, and then to the test house. The term "supply network"refers to the high-tech phenomenon of contract manufacturing where the brand ownerdoes not touch the product. Instead, she coordinates with contract manufacturersand component suppliers who ship components to the brand owner. This businesspractice requires the brand owner to stay in touch with multiple parties or"network" at once.A SUPPLY CHAIN NETWORK.SUPPLY CHAIN MODELINGThere are a number of different modeling techniques that have been used to modelthe supply chain. Some of the important models that have been used in supply chainmanagement are.1)The supply chain operations reference (SCOR) model; and2)The ERP reference models.A DIAGRAM OF A SUPPLY CHAIN(CONCEPTS).The red arrow represents the flow of materials and information and the green arrowrepresents the flow of information and backhauls. The elements are (a) the initialraw material supplier, (b) a component supplier, (c) a manufacturer, (d) aretailer, (e) the final customer.There are a variety of supply chain models, which address both the upstream anddownstream sides.The SCOR (Supply Chain Operations Reference) model, developed by the Supply ChainCouncil, measures total supply chain performance. It is a process reference modelfor supply-chain management, spanning from the supplier's supplier to thecustomer's customer. It includes delivery and order fulfillment performance,production flexibility, warranty and returns processing costs, inventory and assetturns, and other factors in evaluating the overall effective performance of asupply chain.SCOR MODELThe Global Supply Chain Forum (GSCF) introduced another Supply Chain Model. Thisframework is built on eight key business processes that are both cross-functionaland cross-firm in nature. Each process is managed by a cross-functional team,including representatives from logistics, production, purchasing, finance,marketing and research and development. While each process will interface with keycustomers and suppliers, the customer relationship management and supplierrelationship management processes form the critical linkages in the supply chain.ISSUES IN SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENTThe classic objective of logistics is to be able to have the right products in theright quantities (at the right place) at the right moment at minimal cost. Figure(from NEVEM-workgroup translates this overall objective into four main areas ofconcern within supply chain management.Figure: HIERARCHY OF OBJECTIVES.The two middle boxes in the lower row of Fig. delivery reliability, and deliverytimes, are both aspects of customer service, which is highly dependent on thefirst box, flexibility, and on the last box, inventory.ACTIVITIES OR FUNCTIONS OF SCMSupply chain management is a cross-function approach to manage the movement of rawmaterials into an organization, certain aspects of the internal processing ofmaterials into finished goods, and then the movement of finished goods out of theorganization toward the end-consumer. As organizations strive to focus on corecompetencies and becoming more flexible,
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supply chain management a report
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Hi Jyotirmayaeenaik! I request you to send me full document of this report with graphs in word document or pdf format. The format you have uploaded is not convinient and no figures are there in the document. Plz! I need your help in making my project topic decision after seeing your report. Plz Cnd me in word or pdf format to itsvineeth209@gmail.com. Thanq
Hi Jyotirmayeenaik! This is Vineeth N, MBA-Final Year pursuing project on SCM in manufacturing company. Can you plz send me this project report in word document with all graphs, tables, charts etc to itsvineeth209@gmail.com. Plz cnd madam