RA41212EN10GLA1

Channel Configuration
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1 Nokia Siemens Networks RA41212EN10GLA1
LTE Radio Parameters RL10
Channel Configuration
RA41212EN10GLA1
Channel Configuration
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2 Nokia Siemens Networks RA41212EN10GLA1
Nokia Siemens Networks Academy
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RA41212EN10GLA1
Channel Configuration
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3 Nokia Siemens Networks RA41212EN10GLA1
1. LTE Functionalities and Overview
2. Channel Configuration
3. General parameter DB structure and System Information
Broadcast
4. Random Access
5. Radio Admission Control (RAC)
6. Radio Bearer Control & DRX /DTX Management
7. LTE Mobility Management
8. UL/DL Scheduler
9. MIMO Mode Control (MIMO-MC)
10.Power Control
Presentation / Author / Date
Contents
RA41212EN10GLA1
Channel Configuration
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Module Contents
Overview
DL Channels and Signals
UL Channels and Signals
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Overview - Channels
Upper Layers
RLC
MAC
PHY
Logical channels
Transport
channels
B
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UL DL
Air interface
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eNode B
P
D
C
C
H
P
D
S
C
H
CQI, PMI, RI,
ACK/NACK
SR
RNTI
DL scheduling
UL Grant
UL PWRC
n x per cell
DL control
configuration
1x per cell
P
C
F
I
C
H
P
H
I
C
H
HARQ Info
P
U
S
C
H
P
U
C
C
H
CQI, PMI, RI,
ACK/NACK
Overview Control Information
*PWRC = Power Control
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DL Physical Channels Allocation
PBCH:
Occupies the central 72 subcarriers across 4
symbols
Transmitted during second slot of each 10 ms
frame on all antennas
PCFICH:
Transmitted during the first symbol of each TTI
Occupies up to 16 RE per TTI
PHICH:
Tx during 1
st
symbol of each TTI or alternativ during
symbols 1 to 3 of each TTI PhichDur
Each PHCIH group occupies 12 RE
PDCCH:
Occupies the REs not used by PCFICH and PHICH
and Reference Signals within the first 1, 2 or 3
symbols of each TTI (case 1.4 MHz: within the first 2,
3 or 4 symbols)
In RL09/10: configuration static by
MaxNbrOfOFDMSymsForPDCCH
PDSCH:
Is allocated the RE not used by signals or other
physical channels
RB
PhichDur
PHICH on symb. 1 / 1- 3
LNCEL; 0; 1; 0
maxNrSymPdcch
max. # OFDM symbols
for PDCCH
LNCEL; 1..3; 1; 3
A PICH is defined by its PHICH group number and an orthogonal sequence number
within the group. A PHICH group is a set of PHICH transmitted in the same set of
RE. For normal CP, 8 UEs can be addressed with 1 PHICH group
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UL Physical Channels
PUSCH: Physical Uplink Shared Channel
Intended for user data (carries traffic for multiple
UEs) and control data
If control data is to be sent when traffic data is being
transmitted, UE multiplexes both streams together
PUCCH: Physical Uplink Control Channel
Carries H-ARQ Ack/Nack indications, uplink
scheduling request, CQIs and MIMO feedback
Only control information is sent. The UE uses
Resources Element at the edges of the channel
PRACH: Physical Random Access Channel
For Random Access attempts. PDCCH indicates the
resource elements for PRACH use
PBCH contains a list of allowed preambles (64 per
cell) and the required length of the preamble.
RACH
CCCH DCCH DTCH
UL-SCH
PRACH
PUSCH PUCCH
Logical
Transport
PHYS.
RLC
MAC
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Channel Configuration
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Generic - Bandwidth
Channel bandwidth: Bandwidths ranging from 1.4 MHz to 20 MHz
Data subcarriers: They vary with the bandwidth
72 for 1.4MHz to 1200 for 20MHz
Exercise: Describe bandwidths in terms of RBs
ulChBw / dlChBw
LNCEL; 5; 10; 20; 10 MHz
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Generic - Carrier Frequency and Bandwidth (FDD)
100 kHz
... ...
F
UL
= F
UL_low
+ 0.1(N
UL
N
Offs-UL
)
F
DL
= F
DL_low
+ 0.1(N
DL
N
Offs-DL
)
Example (band 12)
UL: 708 MHz =698 MHz +0.1 (23100 23000) MHz
DL: 738 MHz =728 MHz +0.1 (5100 5000) MHz
EARFCN
N
UL
: earfcnUL
N
DL
: earfcnDL
Bandwidth
UL: ulChBw
DL: dlChBw
*Noffs-DL & Noffs-UL specified by
TS 36.101 for each band
earfcnUL/ DL
LNCEL; 0...65535; 1; -
Note: Supported bands
RL10: Band 1, 4, 7, 10, 20
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Generic - Physical Layer Cell Id
Physical Layer Cell Identity defines a cell.
It consists of the two parts; Physical layer Cell Identity Group and Physical layer Identity
Physical Layer Cell Identity = 3 x Physical layer Cell Identity Group + Physical layer Identity
Decoded during synchronisation using primary and secondary sync signal
Strongest Signal
Primary
Synchronization Signal
Secondary
Synchronisation Signal
L1 id, slot (0/10)
Physical Layer
Cell ID, Frame
Alignment
Cell ID Group 0
(3 L1 ids)
Group 167
Cell ID Group i
(3 L1 ids)
168 Cell ID
groups
Phy L Cell ID
PSS/SSS are used for:
Initial cell search and neighbor cell search
As a result of cell search the UE should acquire:
PHY cell ID
DL center frequency
10ms and 5ms timing
CP length
Duplex mode (TDD/FDD)
phyCellId:
Physical Cell Id
LNCEL; 0..503; 1; -
(Range; Step; Default)
Physical layer cell identity defines a cell uniquely. It consists of two parts; physical
layer cell identity group and physical layer identity, and is calculated with the
following formula:
physical layer cell identity = 3 x physical layer cell identity group + physical layer
identity.
Guidance for configuration:
Neighbor cells should have different values, and in a three cell eNB all cells should
have phyCellId which belongs to same physical layer cell identity group. For
example, in a three cell eNB, good PhyCellIds values are 0, 1, 2
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Generic - Time Structure (Frame Type 1)
19
144 T
s
= 4.69 s
160 T
s
CP Symbol
C
P
Symbol
C
P
Symbol
C
P
Symbol
C
P
Symbol
C
P
Symbol
C
P
Symbol
CP Symbol
512 T
s
= 16.7 s
CP Symbol CP Symbol CP Symbol CP Symbol CP Symbol
CP Symbol
1024 T
s
= 33.3 s
CP Symbol CP Symbol
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 0
Radio frame = 10 ms
subframe = 1 ms
Cyclic Prefix
x
2047-Ncp
, x
2047
Cyclic Prefix
x
2047-Ncp
, x
2047
OFDM Symbol (Time Domain Samples)
x
0
, x
1
, , x
2047
OFDM Symbol (Time Domain Samples)
x
0
, x
1
, , x
2047
Symbol T
sym
= 2048 T
s
= 66.67 s T
cp
= N
cp
T
s
f = 15 kHz, UL/DL - Extended Prefix
f = 7.5 kHz, UL/DL - Extended Prefix
f = 15 kHz, UL/DL - Normal Prefix
Slot = 15360 T
s
= 500s
CycPrefix
UL/DL CP
config/length
LNCEL; 0 (Normal); 0
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Generic Time Structure and CP length
Short cyclic prefix:
Long cyclic prefix:
Copy
= Cyclic prefix
= Data
5.21 s
16.67 s
Subframe length is 1 ms for all bandwidths
Slot length is 0.5 ms
1 Subframe= 2 slots
Slot carries 7 symbols with normal cyclic prefix or 6 symbols with
extended prefix
CP length depends on the symbol position within the slot:
Normal CP: symbol 0 in each slot has CP= 160 x Ts (5.21s and
remaining symbols CP= 144 x Ts ( 4.7s)
Extended CP: CP length for all symbols in the slot is 512 x Ts ( 16.67s)
Ts: sampling time of the
overall channel. Basic Time
Unit.
Ts =
1 sec
Subcarrier spacing X max FFT size
Ts = 32.5nsec
Subcarrier spacing= 15kHz; max. FFT size= 2048
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Module Contents
Overview
DL Channels and Signals
UL Channels and Signals
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Channel Configuration
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DL - Channels and Signals Overview
Upper Layers
RLC
MAC
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Air interface
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PHY
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180 kHz
0.5 ms
Secondary Synchronisation Signal (SSS)
Primary Synchronisation Signal (PSS)
DTX
Slot id: 0 1 2 . . ..10.. ..19 0 1
Synch Signals Time and Frequency
Cell ID:
One of 504 IDs detected from the index of PSS and the
combination of two SSS segments
CP length:
Detected from the relative PSS-to-SSS time distance
TDD/FDD:
Detected from the relative PSS-to-SSS time distance
5ms timing:
Detected from PSS time position
10ms timing:
Detected from the interlaced SSS segments swapping:
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Channel Configuration
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Reference Signals
Common Reference Signals (CRS):
Cell-specific
FDM/TDMuxed
Defined per antenna port
F-density 6 sub-carriers (or 3 sub-carriers if staggered structure is considered)
BW invariant mapping to REs
Used for:
Channel estimation (in case of CRS-based transmission with known/signaled
precoding)
Mobility measurements
Auxiliary UE functions like:
Time tracking
Frequency tracking
Cell ID verification
CP length verification
*Staggered structure with multiple antenna
ports (see next slide)
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Incremental Time-Frequency Structure of
Cell-specific Reference Signal
0 = l
0 R
0 R
0 R
0 R
6 = l 0 = l
0 R
0 R
0 R
0 R
6 = l
Resource element (k,l)
Not used for transmission on this antenna port
Reference symbols on this antenna port
0 = l
0 R
0 R
0 R
0 R
6 = l 0 = l
0 R
0 R
0 R
0 R
6 = l 0 = l
1 R
1 R
1 R
1 R
6 = l 0 = l
1 R
1 R
1 R
1 R
6 = l
0 = l
0 R
0 R
0 R
0 R
6 = l 0 = l
0 R
0 R
0 R
0 R
6 = l 0 = l
1 R
1 R
1 R
1 R
6 = l 0 = l
1 R
1 R
1 R
1 R
6 = l 0 = l 6 = l 0 = l
2 R
6 = l 0 = l 6 = l 0 = l 6 = l
2 R
2 R
2 R
3 R
3 R
3 R
3 R
even-numbered slots odd-numbered slots
Antenna port 0
even-numbered slots odd-numbered slots
Antenna port 1
even-numbered slots odd-numbered slots
Antenna port 2
even-numbered slots odd-numbered slots
Antenna port 3
Resource Element (RE) k, l
Not used for transmission on this antenna port (DTX)
Reference symbols (RS) on this antenna port
l=0 ...... 6, 0 .. 6 l=0 ...... 6, 0 .. 6
l=0 ...... 6, 0 .. 6
Antenna port 0 Antenna port 1 Antenna port 2 Antenna port 3
F
o
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Physical Broadcast Channel
PBCH carriers essential system information like:
DL BW configuration
PHICH configuration
System Frame Number (8 MBS bits)
PBCH enables blind detection of:
DL antenna configuration {1TX, 2TX, 4TX} via CRC masking*
40 ms timing (2 LSB bits of SFN) via 40ms scrambling
* for decoding the CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check)
each MIB is masked with a codeword representing the
number of transmit antenna ports.
Frequency:
Occupies central 72 sub-carriers (excluding the DC)
Time:
TTI/scrambling period: 40ms
Duration: first 4 OFDM symbols in slot #1
TBS:
Fixed TB size of 40 bits (including 16 bit CRC)
Transmission Scheme:
QPSK, Tail Biting Convolutional Coding
TX diversity: none, SFBC, SFBC-FSTD depending on the number of
cell-specific antenna ports
The System Frame Number is provided to synchronize the UE with eUTRAN
total SFN is 10 bit long
eNodeB dynamically broadcast the 8 MSB of SFN to UE (i.e. inside MIB)
UE implicitly can decode the 2 least significant bits from SFN to identify
the TTI for MIB de-interleaving
00 first radio frame
01 second radio frame
10 third radio frame
11 last (fourth) radio frame
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Physical Layer Downlink
DL-Physical Data & Control Channels
PBCH PBCH
PBCH
Synchronization signals
Reserved for reference singals
Remark: PBCH does not use blocks reserved for reference signals
Code and rate-matching (repetition) to number of bits available on PBCH in 40 ms
One MIB (information bits + spare bits + CRC)
40 ms transmission time interval of PBCH
One radio frame
6

R
B
s
U
s
e
d

b
a
n
d
w
id
t
h
1

R
B
One subframe (2 slots) 1 ms
Segmentation into four equal sized individually self-decodable units
PBCH Structure:
Frequency:
- Occupies central 72 subcarriers (excluding DC)
Time:
- TTI / scrambling period: 40ms
- Duration: first OFDM symbols in slot #1
TBS:
- Fixed TB size of 40 bits (including 16 bit CRC)
(MIB = 14 Bits / Spare Bits = 10 / CRC 16 Bits)
(Available bits in 40ms = 1920 in case of normal cyclic prefix)
Transmission Scheme:
- QPSK, Tail Biting Convolution Coding
- Tx diversity: none, SFBC (Space-Frequency Block code), SFBC-FSTD
(Frequency Switched Transmit Diversity-SFBC) depending on the number of
cell-specific antenna ports. In addition for decoding the CRC (Cyclic
Redundancy Check) on each MIB is masked with a codeword representing
the number of transmit antenna ports.
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Physical Layer Downlink
DL-Physical Data & Control Channels
PCFICH PCFICH
General
Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH) carries the CFI (Control Format Indicator)
(Indicates the number of OFDM symbols used for transmission of control channel information in each subframe)
Carriers dedicated to MBSFN have no physical control channel and therefore no PCFICH
4 code words defined
3 CFIs used and one reserved for future use (see table below)
CFI CFI codeword <b
0
, b
1
, b
2
,b
31
>
1 <0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1>
2 <1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0>
3 <1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,>
4 (reserved) <0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,>
Transmitted
In the first OFDM symbol in a subframe
The 32 bits of the CFI are mapped to 16 REs using QPSK modulation
PCFICH is transmitted on the same antenna ports as the PBCH (1Tx, SFBC, SFBC-FSTD)
Cell specific offset is added
Cell specific scrambling
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PCFICH Mapping to Resource Elements
The mapping is done in terms of quadruplets of modulation symbols for each
antenna port
A quadruplet is defined as d(4i), d(4i+1), d(4i+2), d(4i+3)
Reference symbols REs are always reserved for at least 2Tx antennas
The four quadruplets shall be mapped to four resource element groups (REG)
(aka mini-CCE) in the first OFDM symbol
Example: 72 subcarriers case (1.4 MHz):
( ) ( )
DL
RB
cell
ID
RB
sc
2 mod 2 N N N k =
Starting position depends
on cell id
Distance between mini-CCEs
Ant 0
Ant 1
frequency
d
0
d
1
d
2
d
3
-d
1
d
0
-d
3
d
2
* * * *

2 2
RB
sc
DL
RB
N N
Ant 0
Ant 1
frequency
d
0
d
1
d
2
d
3
-d
1
d
0
-d
3
d
2
* *
* *
Ant 2
Ant 3
frequency
Resource
element
group
Start position depends on cell id
Distance between mini-CCE = 18 for 72 RB case
Nsc(rb) is the number of subcarriers in frequency domain for one resource
block
See TS 36.211 for details
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PHICH
For HARQ ACK/NACK signaling the PHICH is deployed.
A PHICH is defined by its PHICH group number and an
orthogonal sequence number within the group.
PHICH modulation is BPSK. Applying I/Q separation
and an SF=4 yields 8 orthogonal sequences for normal
CP. SF 2 is in use in case of extended CP, hence there
are 4 orthogonal sequences. I,e. in total there may be 8
.. 224 PHICHs in one subframe.
Example:, BW=15 subcarriers normal CP, Ng=1/6, 1
PHICH group. 12 symbols are to be transmitted.
N
RB
DL
: DL BW / RBs
N
g
= 1/6, 1/2, *1,* 2. setting: phichRes
( )
(
( )
(

=
prefix cyclic extended for 8 2
prefix cyclic normal for 8
DL
RB g
DL
RB g
group
PHICH
N N
N N
N
+j -j -j +j 7
+j +j -j -j 6
+j -j +j -j 5
+j +j +j +j 4
+j -j +1 -1 -1 +1 3
+j +j +1 +1 -1 -1 2
+1 -1 +1 -1 +1 -1 1
+1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 0
Extended CP Normal CP
Orthogonal sequence Sequence
Index
+j -j -j +j 7
+j +j -j -j 6
+j -j +j -j 5
+j +j +j +j 4
+j -j +1 -1 -1 +1 3
+j +j +1 +1 -1 -1 2
+1 -1 +1 -1 +1 -1 1
+1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 0
Extended CP Normal CP
Orthogonal sequence Sequence
Index
Number of RBs
phichRes
#PHICH groups
LNCEL; 1/6; ; 1; 2; 1/6
phichRes 1/6 1/2 1 2
#PHICH groups 2 4 7 13
# scheduled UE 16 32 56 104
e.g. 10 MHz
*Necessary with semi-persistent scheduling
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PHICH Association and Resource Indication
PHICH duration:
1 or 3 OFDM symbols in normal subframes (indicated via PBCH)
1 or 2 OFDM symbols in MBSFN subframes and in DwPTS (Downlink
Pilot Time Slot)
PHICH linked to UL PRB
Scattered grouping - spreads out the PHICH of adjacent PRBs to different
PHICH groups
When DM-RS Cyclic Shift index is configured in UL grant, use DM-RS CS
index as modifier to adjust PHICH allocation
Avoid PHICH collision e.g. in case of UL MU-MIMO
Balance power among PHICH groups
PHICH indexing:
Both index of the group and within the group depend on first UL PRB index and
UL DM-RS Cyclic Shift
PhichDur
PHICH on symb. 1 / 1- 3
LNCEL; 0; 1; 0
DM-RS CS: Demodulation Reference Signal Cyclic Shift
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PDCCH Overview
The PDCCH carries the UL & DL scheduling assignments
A PDCCH is transmitted on an aggregation of one 1, 2, 4 or 8 control channel
elements (CCE). A CCE consists of 36 REs
The aggregations of CCEs have a tree structure, where an aggregation consisting
of n CCEs starts on position (i mod n), where i is the CCE number
Further restrictions on the aggregations are defined with a Hashing function
Aggregation of 1 CCE
Aggregation of 2 CCEs
Aggregation of 4 CCEs
Aggregation of 8 CCEs
0 1 10 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
CCE number
pdcchAggDefUE
PDCCH LA UE default
aggregation; used, when
enableAmcPdcch disabled or no
valid CQI exists
LNCEL; 1, 2, 4, 8; 4
Note:
Not necessary for semi-
persistent users
enableAmcPdcch
Enable AMC for PDCCH Link
Adaptation
LNCEL; true/false; true
The target error probability for a missed detection of a PDCCH is 10
-2
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DL - L1/L2 control info: PDCCH Resources
The MaximumNumberOfOFDMSymbolsForPDCCH parameter defines how many OFDM
symbols can be used.
eNB selects the actual value for each TTI, which is signalled to UE in PCFICH. (Note, RL09
and RL10 uses fix allocation)
Range: 1, 2, 3 (BW > 1.4 MHz);
Range: 2, 3, 4 (BW = 1.4 MHz)
setting: maxNrSymPdcch
Example shows dynamic case for MaximumNumberOfOFDMSymbolsForPDCCH=3
(yellow)
maxNrSymPdcc
h
LNCEL; 1..3; 1; 3
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Physical Layer Downlink Summary
DL-Physical Data & Control Channel
DL DL- -Channel Channel
Overview Overview
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RA41212EN10GLA1
Channel Configuration
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28 Nokia Siemens Networks RA41212EN10GLA1
PDCCH Rsvd Rsvd PBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH Rsvd Rsvd PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH Rsvd Rsvd PBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH Rsvd Rsvd PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH Ref. Ref. Rsvd Rsvd Ref. Rsvd PBCHPBCHRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Rsvd Rsvd Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. PDCCH Rsvd Rsvd PBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH Rsvd Rsvd PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH Rsvd Rsvd PBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH Rsvd Rsvd PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Rsvd PBCHPBCHRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Rsvd PBCHPBCHRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Rsvd PBCHPBCHRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref.
PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Rsvd PBCHPBCHRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Rsvd PBCHPBCHRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Rsvd PBCHPBCHRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Rsvd PBCHPBCHRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref.
PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Rsvd PBCHPBCHRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Rsvd PBCHPBCHRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Rsvd PBCHPBCHRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Rsvd PBCHPBCHRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref.
PCFICH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PCFICH PCFICH PCFICH PCFICH PCFICH S-SynP-Syn PCFICH PCFICH PCFICH PCFICH PCFICH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PCFICH PCFICH PCFICH PCFICH PCFICH S-SynP-Syn PCFICH PCFICH PCFICH PCFICH Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Rsvd PBCHPBCHRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. PCFICH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PCFICH PCFICH PCFICH PCFICH PCFICH S-SynP-Syn PCFICH PCFICH PCFICH PCFICH PCFICH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PCFICH PCFICH PCFICH PCFICH PCFICH S-SynP-Syn PCFICH PCFICH PCFICH PCFICH Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Rsvd PBCHPBCHRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Rsvd PBCHPBCHRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Rsvd PBCHPBCHRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref.
PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Rsvd PBCHPBCHRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Rsvd PBCHPBCHRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Rsvd PBCHPBCHRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Rsvd PBCHPBCHRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Rsvd PBCHPBCHRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Rsvd PBCHPBCHRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. S-SynP-SynRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. PDCCH S-SynP-SynPBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH S-SynP-Syn PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH Rsvd Rsvd PBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH Rsvd Rsvd PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH Ref. Ref. Rsvd Rsvd Ref. Rsvd PBCHPBCHRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Rsvd Rsvd Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. PDCCH Rsvd Rsvd PBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH Rsvd Rsvd PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH Rsvd Rsvd PBCHPBCHPBCHPBCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH Rsvd Rsvd PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH PDCCH Ref. Ref. Rsvd Rsvd Ref. Rsvd PBCHPBCHRef. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Rsvd Rsvd Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref. Ref.
PDCCH S-Syn P-Syn PBCH PBCH PBCH PBCH
PDCCH S-Syn P-Syn PBCH PBCH PBCH PBCH
Ref. Ref. S-Syn P-Syn Ref. Rsvd PBCH PBCH Ref.
PDCCH S-Syn P-Syn PBCH PBCH PBCH PBCH
PDCCH S-Syn P-Syn PBCH PBCH PBCH PBCH
Ref. Ref. S-Syn P-Syn Ref. Rsvd PBCH PBCH Ref.
PDCCH S-Syn P-Syn PBCH PBCH PBCH PBCH
PDCCH S-Syn P-Syn PBCH PBCH PBCH PBCH
Ref. Ref. S-Syn P-Syn Ref. Rsvd PBCH PBCH Ref.
PDCCH S-Syn P-Syn PBCH PBCH PBCH PBCH
PDCCH S-Syn P-Syn PBCH PBCH PBCH PBCH
Ref. Ref. S-Syn P-Syn Ref. Rsvd PBCH PBCH Ref.
1 ms subframe
1 resource block = 12
subcarriers = 180 kHz
=PDSCH
=PBCH
=Reference
=P-Synchronization
=PCFICH
=PDCCH
=PHICH
=Reserved for 4x4 MIMO
1.4 MHz
=S-Synchronization
Physical Channel Resource Allocation
One Example Resource Block, subframe 0
RA41212EN10GLA1
Channel Configuration
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Exercise: PDCCH Resources
Task:
Consider cell configuration: BW=50 PRB, 2 antenna ports, normal CP
MaximumNumberOfOFDMSymbolsForPDCCH=2
N
g
= 1/6
Calculate the number of available PDCCHs.
Assume for frequency of occurancies of different aggregation levels (AL)
AL4 is 2 times the frequency of AL8
AL2 is 2 times the frequency of AL4
AL1 is 1/2 times the frequency of AL2
RA41212EN10GLA1
Channel Configuration
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30 Nokia Siemens Networks RA41212EN10GLA1
Solution: PDCCH Resources
Task:
Consider cell configuration: BW=50 PRB, 2 antenna ports, normal CP
MaximumNumberOfOFDMSymbolsForPDCCH=3
N
g
= 1/6
Calculate the max number of PDCCHs.
Solution:
- 1st symbol yields 2 REGs per PRB x 50 PRB = 100 REGs (because of the reference signals)
- 2nd yields each 3 x 50 = 150 REGs. Total: 250 REGs. (no reference signals )
- 4 REGs for PCFICH, 2x3=6 for PHICH 240 REGs remain for PDCCH
- 240 div 9 = 26 CCEs are available
- For 1 distribution 1xAL8 + 2xAL4 + 4xAL2+2xAL1
- Aggregation level 8 1x = 8 CCEs
- Aggregation level 4 2x = 8 CCEs
- Aggregation level 2 4x = 8 CCEs
- Aggregation level 1 2x = 2 CCEs
26 CCEs are consumed for 9 PDCCH.
Note: due to allocation constraints some might be blocked
RA41212EN10GLA1
Channel Configuration
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Downlink Control Information (DCI)
A DCI transports control information for one MAC ID, which is implicitly signaled in
the CRC.
Format 0
Used for defining the transmission of PUSCH assignments
Format 1
Used for defining the transmission of PDSCH assignments for single codeword (SCW) operation
Format 1A
Compact form for the transmission of PDSCH assignments for SCW operation*. Has same size as format 0
Format 1B
Compact form like 1A but supports closed-loop rank 1 precoding
Format 1C
Signaling for PCH, RACH & BCCH on DL SCH (aka dynamic BCCH)
Format 1D
Like DCI 1A but supports power offsets for DL MU-MIMO and TPMI
Format 2
Used for defining the transmission of DL-SCH assignments for Closed-Loop MIMO operation
Format 2A
Used for defining the transmission of DL-SCH assignments for Open-Loop MIMO operation
Format 3
Used for TPC commands for PUCCH and PUSCH with 2-bit power adjustments. Has same size as format 0
Format 3A
Used for TPC commands for PUCCH and PUSCH with 1-bit power adjustments. Has same size as format 0
DCI Format 1 (all):
PDSCH resource assignment
when no Spatial Multiplexing used
DCI formats 2 & 2A:
provide PDSCH assignments
for closed loop or open loop
spatial multiplexing
* allocating a dedicated preamble signature
to a UE for contention-free random access
The information fields are multiplexed according to the order they are
listed in each DCI format. The first bit of each information field
corresponds to MSB.
RA41212EN10GLA1
Channel Configuration
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Module Contents
Overview
DL Channels and Signals
UL Channels and Signals
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Channel Configuration
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UL Channel Mapping
Upper Layers
RLC
MAC
PHY
R
A
C
H
C
C
C
H
D
C
C
H
D
T
C
H
Air interface
P
R
A
C
H
P
U
S
C
H
U
L
-
S
C
H
P
U
C
C
H
U
C
I
D
R
S
S
R
S
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Channel Configuration
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UE Channel state information (CSI) feedback types
in LTE
The purpose of CSI feedback is to provide the
eNodeB information about DL channel state to help
in the scheduling decision.
Compared to the WCDMA/HSPA, the main new
feature in the channel feedback is the frequency
selectivity of the report
CSI is measured by the UE and signaled to the
eNodeB using PUCCH or PUSCH
Channel state information in LTE can be divided into
three categories:
CQI - Channel Quality Indicator
RI - Rank Indicator
PMI - Precoding Matrix Indicator
In general the CSI reported by the UE is just a
recommendation
The eNodeB does not need to follow it
The corresponding procedure for providing UL channel
state information is called Channel Sounding; it is done
using the Sounding Reference Symbols, SRS (not
considered in this presentation)
(1) eNodeB
transmission
(3) UE
feedback
(2) UE CSI
measurement
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Channel Configuration
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Channel Quality Indicator (CQI)
The most important part of channel
feedback is the CQI
The CQI is defined as a table containing
16 entries with modulation and coding
schemes (MCSs)
The UE shall report back the highest
CQI index corresponding to the MCS for
which the transport block BLER shall
not exceed 10%
CQI index modulatio
n
coding rate x
1024
efficiency
0 out of range
1 QPSK 78 0.1523
2 QPSK 120 0.2344
3 QPSK 193 0.3770
4 QPSK 308 0.6016
5 QPSK 449 0.8770
6 QPSK 602 1.1758
7 16QAM 378 1.4766
8 16QAM 490 1.9141
9 16QAM 616 2.4063
10 64QAM 466 2.7305
11 64QAM 567 3.3223
12 64QAM 666 3.9023
13 64QAM 772 4.5234
14 64QAM 873 5.1152
15 64QAM 948 5.5547
UE reports highest MCS that it can
decode with a TB Error rate < 10%
taking into account UEs receiver
characteristic
* Efficiency is defined as number of bits
per resource elements
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Channel Configuration
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Rank Indicator (RI)
Rank Indicator is only relevant when the UE is operating in
MIMO modes with spatial multiplexing
For single antenna operation or TX diversity it is not used
RI is the UEs recommendation for the number of layers to
be used in spatial multiplexing
The RI can have values {1 or 2} with 2-by-2 antenna
configuration and {1, 2, 3, or 4} with 4-by-by antenna
configuration
The RI is always associated to one or more CQI reports
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Channel Configuration
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Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI)
PMI provides information about the preferred Precoding Matrix
Just like RI, also PMI is relevant to MIMO operation only
MIMO operation with PMI feedback is called Closed Loop MIMO
Example: codebook for 2 TX antennas
Codebook Number of layers
1 2
0 (

1
1
2
1

1 (

1
1
2
1

(

1 1
1 1
2
1

2 (

j
1
2
1

(

j j
1 1
2
1

3 (

j
1
2
1

* PMI NOT used in RL10
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Channel Configuration
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Periodic and Aperiodic Reporting
The channel feedback reporting in LTE is divided into two main
categories: Periodic and Aperiodic
Periodic reporting
The baseline mode for CQI/PMI/RI
transmission is periodic reporting on
PUCCH
If the UE is scheduled to send UL data in
the subframe where it should transmit
periodic CQI/PMI/RI, the periodic report is
moved to PUSCH and multiplexed with
data
The eNodeB configures the periodicity
parameters
The size of a single report is limited up to
about 11 bits depending on the reporting
mode
Limited amount of frequency information
Aperiodic Reporting
Aperiodic reports are explicitly
triggered by the eNodeB using a
specific bit in the PDCCH UL grant
Aperiodic report can be either
piggybacked with data or sent alone
on PUSCH
Possibility for large and detailed
reports (up to more than 60 bits)
The two modes can also be used to
complement each other:
- The UE can be e.g. configured to send
Aperiodic reports only when it is
scheduled, while periodic reports can
provide coarse channel information on a
regular basis
CQIAperEnable
enabling / disabling aperiodic
CQI /RI/PMI reporting on
PUSCH. LNCEL; false/true; true
cqiPerNp
CQI periodicity
LNCEL; 2; 5; 10; 20; 20 ms
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Channel Configuration
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CQI Aperiodic Reporting on PUSCH (1/2)
Compared to the WCDMA/HSPA, the main new feature in the channel
feedback is the frequency selectivity of the report
This is an enabler for the Frequency Domain packet Scheduling (FDPS)
Since providing a full 4-bit CQI for all the PRBs would mean excessive UL
signaling overhead, some feedback compression schemes are used
In order to reduce feedback, the CQI is reported per subband basis
The size of the subbands varies depending on the reporting mode and system
bandwidth
The main compression methods are:
Wideband feedback
Best-M average also called UE selected subband feedback
Full Feedback also called Higher Layer Configured subband feedback
Additionally, Delta compression can be used
E.g. in MIMO case the CQI for the 2
nd
Code Word can be signaled as a 3-bit
delta relative to the CQI of the CQI of the 1
st
CW
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Channel Configuration
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CQI Aperiodic Reporting on PUSCH (2/2)
Wideband feedback
Only a single CQI value is fed back for the whole system band
Cannot be utilized in FDPS
Best-M average also called UE selected sub-band feedback
For the M best sub-band an average CQI value is reported
Full Feedback also called Higher Layer Configured sub-band feedback
A separate CQI is reported for each sub-band using Delta compression
An example of Best-M
Average reporting with
3 MHz BW (15 RBs
means that the sub-
band size is 2 RBs
and the best 3 sub-
bands are reported)
M = 3 best Subbands are selected and an average CQI value is reported
Channel SINR
Subband index 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
PRB index 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
BW /
RB
Sub-
band
size
(RBs)
# best
Sub-
bands
M
6-7 NA NA
8-10 2 1
11-26 2 3
27-63 3 5
64-110 4 6
RA41212EN10GLA1
Channel Configuration
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41 Nokia Siemens Networks RA41212EN10GLA1
CQI Periodic Reporting on PUCCH or PUSCH (1/2)
Wideband feedback or UE selected sub-band
Period configurable
2, 5, 10, 16, 32, 40, 64, 80, 160 ms, off
Wideband feedback similar to aperiodic reporting
UE selected sub-band:
A single CQI result per report
The total number of sub-bands is divided into J fractions called bandwidth parts
Only the best sub-band per BW part is reported
Example: for 3 MHz there are 4 RBs per sub-band so there are 15/4 = 4 sub-bands.
Those 4 sub-bands are divided into 2 BW parts which means that there are 2 RBs
per BW part.
Configured by higher layer signaling
BW / RB Subband
Size k
(RBs)
BW Parts (J)
6-7 NA NA
8-10 4 1
11-26 4 2
27-63 6 3
64-110 8 4
cqiPerMode
LNCEL; widebandCqiOnly (0),
widebandAndSubbandCqi (1); 0
cqiPerNp
CQI periodicity
LNCEL; 2; 5; 10; 20; 20 ms
RA41212EN10GLA1
Channel Configuration
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cqiPerSimulAck controls whether UE need to report CQI simulatneous with HARQ
ACK-NACK info
For combined wideband and sub-band reporting operator can instruct UE how
many sub-band reports of a the bandwidth parts should be included between 2
consecutive wideband CQI reports: cqiPerSbCycK
For transmission modes 3 and 4 UE needs to know where is the position to send
Rank Indicator realtive to CQI report LNCEL: riPerM defines multiplier for LNCEL:
riPerOffset
Current default is Rank Indicator shall be sent exactely 1 TTI before CQI is
sent
If, for example, subframe 5 is chosen for CQI reporting and riPerOffset is -1,
then subframe 4 is chosen for the RI report.
CQI Periodic Reporting on PUCCH or PUSCH (2/2)
cqiPerSimulAck
O&M switch for enabling / disabling simultaneous
transmission of periodic CQI / RI / PMI feedback
and HARQ ACK/NACK on PUCCH
LNCEL; true; true
cqiPerSbCyck
It is required only for configuring a
periodic wideband + subband reporting.
LNCEL; 14; 1; 1
riPerM
offset for the periodic Rank Indicator
reporting instance in relation to the CQI
reporting subframe.
LNCEL; 1, 2; 1
riPerOffset
The offset tells the time shift for the
periodic CQI/PMI reporting instance.
LNCEL; -10; 1; -1
RA41212EN10GLA1
Channel Configuration
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Categorization of CQI/PMI/rank reporting options
LTE CQI
reporting family
tree
Periodic
Frequency selective
Aperiodic
Single CQI Full Feedback Best-M Average
No PMI
Mode 2-0
24 bits
No PMI
Mode 3-0
30 bits
Multi PMI
1-2
60 bits
Single PMI
Mode 3-1
64 bits
Multi-PMI
Mode 2-2
38 bits
Wideband
No PMI
Mode 2-0
6 bits
Single PMI
Mode 2-1
11 bits
No PMI
Mode 1-0
4 bits
Single PMI
Mode 1-1
11 bits
Single or Multi-PMI = closed loop
MIMO with PMI feedback
No PMI = Single antenna, TxDiv or
OL MIMO
The maximum number of feedback bits
for each option Assuming 20 MHz BW
and 4*4 CL MIMO is listed excluding RI
- With Periodic reporting RI is sent in
separate subframes with potentially
larger periodicity
- In Aperiodic reporting The RI is
separately coded with each CQI/PMI
report
*See TS 36.213
cqiAperMode
Aperiodic CQI feedback mode
LNCEL; FBT1(0) familly modes 2-x, FBT2(1)- familiy modes 3-x
(x defined by MIMO algorithm internal in eNodeB); FBT2 (1)
RA41212EN10GLA1
Channel Configuration
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44 Nokia Siemens Networks RA41212EN10GLA1
Zadoff-Chu sequences
Zadoff-Chu sequences are used as
UL demodulation and sounding reference signals
random access preamble sequence
DL primary synchronization signal
ZC sequences are CAZAC (constant amplitude zero
autocorrelation) sequences
Low cubic metric and flat frequency response
The elements of ZC sequence are points from unit circle
It is possible to create ZC sequences of any length with
relatively simple formulas
Depending on sequence length different number of base/root
sequences can be formed
Sequence with prime number of elements is optimal
Root sequence can be considered as circular. Different cyclic shifts of
a root sequence can be obtained by changing the starting element
Cyclic shift must be larger than time ambiguity of received sequence
RA41212EN10GLA1
Channel Configuration
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45 Nokia Siemens Networks RA41212EN10GLA1
UL DM RS
Cell A Cell B Cell C
freq
UE 1 UE 2
UE 3
Orthogonal DM RS
High cross-
correlation
grpAssigPUSCH
defines the assigned
PUSCH group
LNCEL; 0..29; 1; 0
ulRsCs
Defines cyclic shift of UL
RS
LNCEL; 0..7; 1; 0
The good cross correlation properties of ZC sequences are only
applicable between sequences of the same length
Cells of the same eNB may have coordination in scheduling but generally it
can not be assumed that UL allocations in the neighboring cells are the same
When UL allocations are not coordinated high cross correlations are
possible between UEs in neighboring cells
In order to average the cross correlations, DM RS sequences change
between slots. Both root sequence and cyclic shift can change when
group hopping/sequence hopping and cyclic shift hopping are used
RA41212EN10GLA1
Channel Configuration
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46 Nokia Siemens Networks RA41212EN10GLA1
Uplink Control Signaling:
PUCCH vs. PUSCH
PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control
Channel)
Used when the UE is not sending
data simultaneously
Shared frequency and time
resource reserved exclusively for
the UEs transmitting only L1/L2
control signals
Optimized for large number of
simultaneous UEs with relatively
small number of control signaling
bits per UE (111)
Very high multiplexing capacity,
spectral efficiency e.g.
18 UEs/RB transmitting
ACK/NACK (PUCCH Format
1a/1b)
6 UEs/RB transmitting 11-bit CQI +
2-bit A/N (PUCCH Format 2b)
PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared
Channel)
Used when the UE transmits also
data
UE-specific resource that can be
used for L1/L2 control signaling
(based on scheduling decisions
made by Node B)
Capable to transmit control signals
with large range of supported
control sizes (164 bits)
TDM between control and data
(multiplexing is made prior DFT)
Single carrier limitations:
Simultaneous transmission of PUCCH and PUSCH is
not allowed. Separate control resources for the cases
with and without UL data are required
*TDM = Time Domain Multiplexing
RA41212EN10GLA1
Channel Configuration
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PUCCH, basics
PUCCH (from single-UE perspective)
Frequency resource of one RB
Time resource of one sub-frame (A/N repetition is also supported)
Slot based frequency hopping is always used
It provides the sufficient degree of frequency diversity
Hopping takes place on the band edges, symmetrically over the center
frequency
Multiplexing between UEs
FDM btw RBs
CDM inside the RB
slot
system
bandwidth
Resource block
PUCCH
* FDM = Frequency Division Multiplexing
CDM = Code Division Multiplexing
A/N = ACK/NACK
RA41212EN10GLA1
Channel Configuration
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PUCCH, UE Multiple Access Within a RB
UEs are separated using of CDM (within an RB)
Two orthogonal CDM techniques are applied on PUCCH
CDM using cyclic shifts of CAZAC* sequence
CDM using block-wise spreading with the orthogonal cover sequence
Multiplexing example: PUCCH Format 1/1a/1b (e.g., A/N)
Both CDM techniques are in use -> 18 parallel resources
*) The applied sequences are not true CAZAC but computer
searched Zero-Autocorrelation (ZAC) sequences
RS RS RS
slot
SF=3
SF=4 Cyclic Orthogonal cover code
shift 0 1 2
0 0 12
1 6
2 1 13
3 7
4 2 14
5 8
6 3 15
7 9
8 4 16
9 10
10 5 17
11 11
block-wise spreading
CDM in
CS
domain
SF = 3 for Reference Signals and SF = 4 for ACK/NACK
SF = Spreading Factor
deltaPucchShift
delta cyclic shift for PUCCH formats 1/1a/1b
LNCEL; 1..3; 1; 2 (i.e. 6 cyclic shifts)
*CDM = Code Division Multiplexing
RA41212EN10GLA1
Channel Configuration
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PUCCH Formats
Format 1/1a/1b
Length-12 CAZAC sequence modulation + block-wise
spreading -> 1 symbol (1 or 2 bits per slot)
Format 2/2a/2b
Length-12 CAZAC sequence modulation (& no block-wise
spreading) -> 5 symbols per slot
PUCCH formats Control type
PUCCH Format 1 Scheduling request
PUCCH Format 1a 1-bit ACK/NACK
PUCCH Format 1b 2-bit ACK/NACK
PUCCH Format 2 CQI
PUCCH Format 2a CQI + 1-bit ACK/NACK
PUCCH Format 2b CQI + 2-bit ACK/NACK
Number of Bits Multiplexing Capacity (UE/RB)
ON/OFF keying 36, *18, 12
1 36, *18, 12
2 36, *18, 12
20 12, *6, 4
21
22
12,* 6, 4
12, *6, 4
*typical value
RA41212EN10GLA1
Channel Configuration
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Mapping of logical PUCCH resources into physical
PUCCH resources
m=1 m=0
m=3 m=2
m=2 m=3
m=0 m=1
slot
system
bandwidth
PUCCH
Periodic CQI is located at the outermost RBs
These resources are allocated explicitly via RRC
SR and persistent A/N are next to Periodic CQI
These resources are allocated explicitly via RRC
Dynamic A/N is located at the innermost PUCCH RBs
Allocated implicitly based on PDCCH allocation
m = 0 & 1 may contain formats
2/2a or 2b (e.g. CQI) -> fixed
allocation
m = 2 & 3 may contain
formats 1/1a or 1b (e.g. ACK)
-> dynamic allocation
nCqiRb
reserved RBs for 2/2a/2b
LNCEL; 1..98; 1; 2
RA41212EN10GLA1
Channel Configuration
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Capacity of PUCCH resources
6 CS 6 UEs (12 CS 12 UEs) 10 msec period, 2 RB total 120 UEs (240)
6 CS & 3 cover codes 18 UEs 5 msec period, 2 RB total 180 UEs
Configuration example:
6 CS & 3 cover codes 18 Ues per subframe
Frame (10 msec)
RB (180 kHz)
PUSCH
1 UE 1 RB per TTI
RA41212EN10GLA1
Channel Configuration
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Control signaling on PUSCH (1/2)
TDM multiplexing between control and data
Data and the different control fields (ACK/NAK, CQI/PMI) are mapped to
separate modulation symbols
Separate coding btw data and control
Separate coding btw different control fields
Same gain factor for control and data
Control modulation
CQI utilizes the same modulation as data
ACK/NACK is transmitted always using QPSK constellation
Outermost constellation points are selected in the case of 16QAM/64QAM
MUX DFT IFFT
CP
Data symbols
CQI symbols
ACK/NACK symbols
RA41212EN10GLA1
Channel Configuration
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Control signaling on PUSCH (2/2)
Time-first mapping for CQI
CQI resources are placed at the
beginning of the SC-FDMA
Symbols
ACK/NACK is placed at the end
of the SC-FDMA symbols
RI+data AN+data DM RS AN+data RI+data RI+data AN+data DM RS AN+data RI+data
slot #1 slot #2
Control and data multiplexing is performed in such that
control is present on both slots of the subframe ( FH gain
when available)
ACK/NACK is placed next to RS (at maximum 2 blocks/slot for A/N)
Rank indicator is placed next to the A/N (at maximum 2 blocks/slot for
RI)
RS = Reference Signals
A/N = ACK/NACK
RA41212EN10GLA1
Channel Configuration
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Sounding reference signal
PRB
sub-
frame
i i +1
1
1 1
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
39
41
43
45
47
49
PUSCH (scheduled) PUSCH (persistent)
DM RS
PUCCH
SRS
Cell specific SRS
bandwidth
Transmission from one
UE (example)
SRS is used to assist
frequency dependent
scheduling
Wide BW signal or frequency
hopping/scanning can be
used to obtain info about
channel characteristics
outside current PUSCH
frequencies
Zadoff-Chu sequences are
used. UEs can be multiplexed
to same resources by
Interleaved FDMA (every
other subcarrier is used by
one UE)
Different cyclic shifts
SRS can also be used as
reference for timing advance
measurements. Low
periodicity is sufficient in this
case
NOT IN RL10