Le 5 janvier 2009, la nouvelle police politique fran\u00e7aise, dite DCRI, convoquait notre collaborateur Serge Farnel, s\u2019inqui\u00e9tant d\u2019un docu- ment que celui-ci avait publi\u00e9 un an plus t\u00f4t, par l\u2019interm\u00e9diaire de l\u2019Agence rwandaise d\u2019information (ARI), un document class\u00e9 \u00ab confi- dentiel d\u00e9fense \u00bb. Quelques jours plus tard, \u00e0 Strasbourg, la m\u00eame DCRI s\u2019int\u00e9ressait \u00e0 un autre collaborateur de La Nuit rwandaise, Emmanuel Cattier, en charge du site de la Commission d\u2019enqu\u00eate citoyenne, site sur lequel ce document \u00e9tait \u00ab en ligne \u00bb. Lui \u00e9tait alors formellement demand\u00e9 d\u2019effacer ce document du site o\u00f9 il \u00e9tait consultable depuis une ann\u00e9e... Ce document consistait en une note du g\u00e9n\u00e9ral Poncet, responsable de l\u2019op\u00e9ration Amaryllis, dans laquelle celui-ci faisait \u00e9tat du \u00ab souci permanent de ne pas montrer

L\ue001 8 avr\ue002l 1994, \ue000\ue001ux jours apr\u00e8s l\u2019att\ue001ntat contr\ue001 l\ue001 pr\u00e9s\ue002\ue000\ue001nt r\ue003an\ue000a\ue002s, fut \ue000\u00e9cl\ue001nch\u00e9\ue001, \u00e0 K\ue002gal\ue002, l\u2019op\u00e9rat\ue002on fran\u00e7a\ue002s\ue001 Amaryll\ue002s \ue000\u2019\u00e9vacuat\ue002on \ue000\ue001s r\ue001ssort\ue002ssants occ\ue002\ue000\ue001ntaux. Sol\ue000ats fran\u00e7a\ue002s, m\u00e9\ue000\ue002as \ue001t \ue001xpatr\ue002\u00e9s alla\ue002\ue001nt \ue000\u00e8s lors s\ue001 trouv\ue001r confront\u00e9s au g\u00e9noc\ue002\ue000\ue001 \ue000\ue001s Tuts\ue002 \ue000ont l\ue001s \ue001x\u00e9cut\ue002ons com- m\ue001n\u00e7a\ue002\ue001nt \ue000\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e0 avo\ue002r l\ue002\ue001u un p\ue001u partout \ue000ans la cap\ue002tal\ue001. L\u2019\u00e9tat-major fran\u00e7a\ue002s t\ue001nta\ue002t alors \ue000\ue001 \ue000onn\ue001r l\ue001 s\ue001nt\ue002m\ue001nt qu\ue001 s\ue001s sol\ue000ats n\ue001 fa\ue002sa\ue002\ue001nt qu\u2019\ue002nt\ue001rv\ue001n\ue002r au c\u0153ur \ue000\u2019un\ue001 lutt\ue001 tr\ue002bal\ue001, \u00ab afr\ue002ca\ue002n\ue001 \u00bb, un\ue001 lutt\ue001 \ue002nt\ue001r\ue001th- n\ue002qu\ue001 \ue000\ue001 laqu\ue001ll\ue001 l\ue001 mon\ue000\ue001 occ\ue002\ue000\ue001ntal s\ue001ra\ue002t par natur\ue001 \ue001xclu. Or l\u2019\u00e9tat- major par\ue002s\ue002\ue001n n\u2019\u00e9ta\ue002t pas sans savo\ue002r qu\u2019\ue002l s\u2019ag\ue002ssa\ue002t l\u00e0 \ue000\ue001 la m\ue002s\ue001 \ue001n \u0153uvr\ue001 \ue000\u2019un g\u00e9noc\ue002\ue000\ue001. Un g\u00e9noc\ue002\ue000\ue001 \ue000ont \ue002l t\ue001na\ue002t, par a\ue002ll\ue001urs, l\ue001 bras arm\u00e9 ! Apr\u00e8s la r\u00e9tractat\ue002on \ue000\u2019Ab\ue000ul Ruz\ue002b\ue002za, l\u2019ars\ue001nal qu\ue002 ava\ue002t jusqu\ue001 l\u00e0 p\ue001rm\ue002s \u00e0 la

Auss\ue002 l\u2019\u00e9tat-major fran\u00e7a\ue002s sava\ue002t-\ue002l, au mo\ue002ns \u00e0 la \ue000at\ue001 \u00e0 laqu\ue001ll\ue001 \ue002l \u00e9m\ue001t- ta\ue002t c\ue001t or\ue000r\ue001 \ue000\u2019op\u00e9rat\ue002on, c\u2019\ue001st-\u00e0-\ue000\ue002r\ue001 l\ue001 8 avr\ue002l, qu\ue001 l\ue001 massacr\ue001 syst\u00e9ma- t\ue002qu\ue001 \ue000\ue001s Tuts\ue002 v\ue001na\ue002t \ue000\ue001 comm\ue001nc\ue001r.1

il sava\ue002t, \ue001n outr\ue001, qu\ue001 c\ue001 \ue000\ue001rn\ue002\ue001r \u00e9ta\ue002t orch\ue001str\u00e9 par l\ue001 gouv\ue001rn\ue001m\ue001nt \ue002nt\u00e9r\ue002ma\ue002r\ue001 r\ue003an\ue000a\ue002s form\u00e9 l\ue001 jour m\u00eam\ue001 \ue001n part\ue002\ue001 au s\ue001\ue002n \ue000\ue001 son ambassa\ue000\ue001. en \ue001ff\ue001t, Th\u00e9on\ue001st\ue001 Bagosora, qu\ue002 v\ue001na\ue002t \ue000\u2019y form\ue001r un nouv\ue001au gouv\ue001rn\ue001m\ue001nt, \u00e9ta\ue002t c\ue001lu\ue002-l\u00e0 m\u00eam\ue001 qu\ue002 contr\u00f4la\ue002t \ue000\u00e9sorma\ue002s la Gar\ue000\ue001 pr\u00e9s\ue002\ue000\ue001nt\ue002\ue001ll\ue001. Or la Gar\ue000\ue001 pr\u00e9s\ue002\ue000\ue001nt\ue002\ue001ll\ue001 \u00e9ta\ue002t pr\u00e9c\ue002s\u00e9m\ue001nt c\ue001ll\ue001 qu\ue002, s\ue001lon l\u2019or\ue000r\ue001 \ue000\u2019op\u00e9rat\ue002onAma\ue007 yll\ue004s, \u00e9ta\ue002t \ue001n tra\ue002n \ue000\ue001 proc\u00e9\ue000\ue001r \u00e0 l\u2019\u00ab\ue000\u00e9l\ue004m\ue004\ue005at\ue004o\ue005\ue000\ue002\ue003s\ue000T\ue008ts\ue004\ue000\u00bb.

S\ue002 la M\ue002ss\ue002on \ue000\u2019\ue002nformat\ue002on parl\ue001m\ue001nta\ue002r\ue001 pour l\ue001 R\ue003an\ue000a, pr\u00e9s\ue002\ue000\u00e9\ue001 par Paul Qu\ue002l\u00e8s \ue001n 1998, f\ue002t b\ue002\ue001n \u00e9tat \ue000\ue001 c\ue001tt\ue001 conf\ue002\ue000\ue001nc\ue001, \ue001ll\ue001 n\ue001 pr\u00e9c\ue002sa tout\ue001- fo\ue002s pas qu\ue001 la v\ue002g\ue002lanc\ue001, \ue000ont Ponc\ue001t aff\ue002rma avo\ue002r fa\ue002t pr\ue001uv\ue001, r\u00e9sulta\ue002t \ue000\u2019un\ue001 \ue000\ue002r\ue001ct\ue002v\ue001 \ue000\ue001 sa h\ue002\u00e9rarch\ue002\ue001 par\ue002s\ue002\ue001nn\ue001.

Faut\ue001 \ue000\u2019un\ue001 t\ue001ll\ue001 pr\u00e9c\ue002s\ue002on, l\ue001 l\ue001ct\ue001ur \ue000u rapport \ue000\ue001 la m\ue002ss\ue002on a pu \u00eatr\ue001 am\ue001n\u00e9 \u00e0 p\ue001ns\ue001r qu\u2019\ue002l a pu s\u2019ag\ue002r l\u00e0 \ue000\u2019un\ue001 \ue002n\ue002t\ue002at\ue002v\ue001 \ue000\ue001 Ponc\ue001t \ue001n r\u00e9pons\ue001 \u00e0 un\ue001 s\ue002tuat\ue002on qu\u2019\ue002l n\u2019aura\ue002t fa\ue002t qu\ue001 \ue000\u00e9couvr\ue002r un\ue001 fo\ue002s sur l\ue001 t\ue001rra\ue002n. La log\ue002qu\ue001 pr\u00e9valant \u00e0 un\ue001 t\ue001ll\ue001 hypoth\u00e8s\ue001 \ue001st la su\ue002vant\ue001 : faut\ue001 \ue000\ue001 savo\ue002r sur qu\ue002 ag\ue002r pour fa\ue002r\ue001 c\ue001ss\ue001r \ue000\ue001s massacr\ue001s qu\u2019\ue002l aura\ue002t alors p\ue001r\u00e7us comm\ue001 \u00e9tant \ue002n\ue000\ue002ff\u00e9r\ue001nc\ue002\u00e9s, \ue002l aura\ue002t pr\ue002s l\u2019\ue002n\ue002t\ue002at\ue002v\ue001 \ue000\ue001 n\ue001 pas s\u2019\ue001n m\u00eal\ue001r, \ue001t \ue000\ue001 r\ue001s- t\ue001r conc\ue001ntr\u00e9 sur l\ue001 c\u0153ur m\u00eam\ue001 \ue000\ue001 la m\ue002ss\ue002on qu\ue002 lu\ue002 ava\ue002t \u00e9t\u00e9 conf\ue002\u00e9\ue001 : l\u2019\u00e9vacuat\ue002on \ue000\ue001s r\ue001ssort\ue002ssants occ\ue002\ue000\ue001ntaux.

Or non s\ue001ul\ue001m\ue001nt la m\ue002ss\ue002on Qu\ue002l\u00e8s om\ue002t \ue000\ue001 pr\u00e9c\ue002s\ue001r qu\ue001 c\ue001 \u00ab souc\ue002 p\ue001r- man\ue001nt \u00bb ava\ue002t \u00e9t\u00e9 cons\ue002gn\u00e9 au s\ue001\ue002n \ue000u compt\ue001-r\ue001n\ue000u \ue000\ue001 l\u2019op\u00e9rat\ue002on Amaryll\ue002s, ma\ue002s \ue001ll\ue001 om\ue002t \u00e9gal\ue001m\ue001nt \ue000\u2019\ue001n ann\ue001x\ue001r l\ue001 cont\ue001nu \u00e0 son rapport, comm\ue001 \ue001ll\ue001 ava\ue002t pourtant su l\ue001 fa\ue002r\ue001 pour c\ue001 qu\ue002 conc\ue001rn\ue001 nombr\ue001 \ue000\u2019autr\ue001s \ue000ocum\ue001nts.

en vo\ue002c\ue002 la ra\ue002son. L\ue001 compt\ue001-r\ue001n\ue000u \ue000\ue001 l\u2019op\u00e9rat\ue002on Amaryll\ue002s \ue002n\ue000\ue002qu\ue001 qu\ue001 l\u2019att\ue002tu\ue000\ue001 sur l\ue001 t\ue001rra\ue002n \ue000\ue001s sol\ue000ats fran\u00e7a\ue002s r\u00e9sult\ue001 \ue000\u2019un\ue001\ue002\ue004\ue007\ue003\ue001t\ue004v\ue003 \ue000\ue001 l\u2019\u00e9tat-major par\ue002s\ue002\ue001n, c\ue001 qu\ue002 conf\ue002rm\ue001 c\ue001 qu\ue001 l\ue001 quot\ue002\ue000\ue002\ue001n fran\u00e7a\ue002sL\ue004b\u00e9\ue007at\ue004o\ue005 ava\ue002t, \ue000ans sa l\ue002vra\ue002son \ue001n \ue000at\ue001 \ue000u 2 f\u00e9vr\ue002\ue001r 1998, la\ue002ss\u00e9 \ue001nt\ue001n\ue000r\ue001, lorsqu\u2019\ue002l ava\ue002t fa\ue002t \u00e9tat \ue000\ue001 c\ue001 qu\ue001\u00ab\ue000s\ue003lo\ue005\ue000l\ue003s\ue000\ue001o\ue005f \ue004\ue002\ue003\ue005\ue001\ue003s\ue000fa\ue004t \ue003s\ue000\u00e0\ue000\ue002\ue003s\ue000jo\ue008\ue007\ue005al\ue004st \ue003s\ue000\ue006a\ue007\ue000\ue008\ue005\ue000of f \ue004-

en \ue001ff\ue001t, la r\ue001sponsab\ue002l\ue002t\u00e9 qu\ue001 nous \ue001ngag\ue001ons \ue000ans chacun \ue000\ue001 nos act\ue001s t\ue002\ue001nt compt\ue001 \ue000u n\ue002v\ue001au \ue000\ue001 conna\ue002ssanc\ue001 qu\ue001 nous avons \ue000u cont\ue001xt\ue001 \ue000ans l\ue001qu\ue001l \ue002ls s\u2019\ue002nscr\ue002v\ue001nt. Or s\ue002 l\u2019on \ue001\u00fbt pu t\ue001nt\ue001r \ue000\u2019\ue001xpl\ue002qu\ue001r la non-ass\ue002stanc\ue001 \ue000\ue001s sol\ue000ats \ue000\u2019Amaryll\ue002s aux Tuts\ue002 massacr\u00e9s par l\u2019\ue002ncapac\ue002t\u00e9 \ue000\ue001 l\ue001ur com- man\ue000ant \u00e0 l\ue001ur \ue000onn\ue001r un or\ue000r\ue001 coh\u00e9r\ue001nt fac\ue001 \u00e0 un\ue001 s\ue002tuat\ue002on \ue002ncoh\u00e9r\ue001nt\ue001 \ue001n c\ue001 qu\ue001 p\ue001r\u00e7u\ue001 comm\ue001 chaot\ue002qu\ue001 au po\ue002nt qu\u2019\ue002l n\u2019aura\ue002t su \ue000\ue002st\ue002ngu\ue001r l\ue001s v\ue002ct\ue002m\ue001s \ue000\ue001s bourr\ue001aux, l\u2019\u00e9tat-major par\ue002s\ue002\ue001n, lu\ue002, l\ue001s \ue000\ue002st\ue002ngua\ue002t parfa\ue002t\ue001- m\ue001nt au mom\ue001nt o\u00f9 \ue002l lu\ue002 conf\ue002a s\ue001s \ue000\ue002r\ue001ct\ue002v\ue001s.

M\ue002s \ue001n p\ue001rsp\ue001ct\ue002v\ue001 av\ue001c l\ue001 fa\ue002t qu\ue001 c\ue001t \u00e9tat-major ava\ue002t un\ue001 total\ue001 compr\u00e9- h\ue001ns\ue002on \ue000\ue001 la s\ue002tuat\ue002on, la \ue000\ue002r\ue001ct\ue002v\ue001 qu\u2019\ue002l \ue000onna, par l\ue001 b\ue002a\ue002s \ue000\ue001 Ponc\ue001t, aux sol\ue000ats fran\u00e7a\ue002s \ue000\ue001 n\ue001 pas \ue001mp\u00each\ue001r l\ue001s massacr\ue001s \ue000ont \ue002ls \u00e9ta\ue002\ue001nt alors l\ue001s t\u00e9mo\ue002ns proch\ue001s, \u00e9qu\ue002vaut \ue000onc \u00e0 l\ue001ur avo\ue002r or\ue000onn\u00e9 \ue000\ue001 n\ue001 pas \ue001mp\u00each\ue001r la Gar\ue000\ue001 pr\u00e9s\ue002\ue000\ue001nt\ue002\ue001ll\ue001 \ue000\ue001 proc\u00e9\ue000\ue001r \u00e0\u00ab\ue000l\u2019\u00e9l\ue004m\ue004\ue005at\ue004o\ue005\ue000 \ue002\ue003s\ue000 T\ue008ts\ue004\ue000\u00bb !

Nombr\ue001 \ue000\ue001 sol\ue000ats \ue000\u2019Amaryll\ue002s, quan\ue000 b\ue002\ue001n m\u00eam\ue001 \u00e9ta\ue002\ue001nt-\ue002ls alors sur l\ue001 t\ue001rra\ue002n, n\u2019\u00e9ta\ue002\ue001nt pas c\ue001ns\u00e9s, \ue001ux, compr\ue001n\ue000r\ue001 qu\ue001 s\ue001 joua\ue002t \ue000\ue001vant l\ue001urs y\ue001ux l\ue001 g\u00e9noc\ue002\ue000\ue001 \ue000\ue001s Tuts\ue002. C\u2019\ue001st pourquo\ue002 on n\ue001 \ue000o\ue002t pas \ue000\u2019\ue001mbl\u00e9\ue001 r\ue001j\ue001t\ue001r l\u2019hypoth\u00e8s\ue001 s\ue001lon laqu\ue001ll\ue001 c\ue001rta\ue002ns \ue000\u2019\ue001ntr\ue001 \ue001ux n\u2019aura\ue002\ue001nt pas \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e0 m\u00eam\ue001 \ue000\ue001 sa\ue002s\ue002r qu\ue001 l\u2019or\ue000r\ue001 qu\ue002 l\ue001ur fut \ue000onn\u00e9 \ue000\ue001 n\ue001 pas \ue001mp\u00each\ue001r \u00ab l\ue001s massacr\ue001s \u00bb r\ue001v\ue001na\ue002t \u00e0 un\ue001 non-ass\ue002stanc\ue001 \u00e0 p\ue001upl\ue001 \ue001n cours \ue000\ue001 g\u00e9noc\ue002\ue000\ue001. C\u2019\ue001st c\ue001 qu\u2019\ue002ls n\ue001 manqu\ue001ront pas \ue000\ue001 fa\ue002r\ue001 valo\ue002r \ue000ans l\u2019hypoth\u00e8s\ue001 o\u00f9 c\ue001rta\ue002ns \ue000\u2019\ue001ntr\ue001 \ue001ux