Du An Trang Trai Chan Nuoi Heo

CNG HA X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM
c lp T do Hnh phc
----------- ----------
THUYT MINH
D N U T XY DNG PHT TRIN HEO GING
TRANG TRI CHN NUI HEO
N V T VN: CNG TY CP T VN U T THO NGUYN XANH

A IM
: NG NAI
ng Nai Thng 11 nm 2012
CNG HA X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM

c lp T do Hnh phc
----------- ----------
THUYT MINH
D N U T XY DNG PHT TRIN HEO GING
TRANG TRI CHN NUI HEO
N V T VN
CNG TY CP T VN U T
THO NGUYN XANH
(Gim c)
NGUYN VN MAI
ng Nai - Thng 11 nm 2012
MC LC
CHNG I: TNG QUAN CHUNG V D N .................................................................... 4
I.1. Gii thiu v ch u t ........................................................................................................ 4
I.2. M t s b thng tin d n .................................................................................................. 4
I.3. Cn c php l xy dng d n ............................................................................................. 5
I.4. nh hng u t v mc tiu ca d n ............................................................................ 8
I.4.1. nh hng u t ............................................................................................................. 8
I.4.2. Mc tiu ca d n ............................................................................................................. 9
CHNG II: THC TRNG V TH TRNG V LNH VC HOT NG .............. 10
II.1. Tnh hnh pht trin kinh t Vit Nam ............................................................................... 10
II.2. Tnh hnh pht trin kinh t ca tnh ng Nai ................................................................. 11
II.2.1. Tnh hnh kinh t - x hi ca tnh .................................................................................. 11
II.2.2. c im kinh t huyn ................................................................................................. 11
II.2.3. Tnh hnh pht trin chn nui ca tnh .......................................................................... 12
CHNG III: S CN THIT PHI U T ..................................................................... 22
III.1. D on nhu cu th trng .............................................................................................. 22
III.1.1. Tnh hnh nhu cu th trng ......................................................................................... 22
III.1.2. Kh nng cung cp ca th trng ................................................................................. 22
III.2. Tnh kh thi ca d n ...................................................................................................... 22
CHNG IV: GII PHP THC HIN ................................................................................ 24
IV.1. a im xy dng ........................................................................................................... 24
IV.1.1. V tr xy dng .............................................................................................................. 24
IV.1.2. iu kin t nhin ......................................................................................................... 24
IV.2. Quy m u t .................................................................................................................. 25
IV.3. Quy hoch xy dng......................................................................................................... 25
IV.3.1. B tr mt bng xy dng .............................................................................................. 25
IV.3.2. Nguyn tc xy dng cng trnh ................................................................................... 26
IV.3.3. Yu cu k thut khi xy dng D n ........................................................................... 26
IV.3.4. Cc hng mc cng trnh ............................................................................................... 27
IV.4. Hnh thc chn nui ......................................................................................................... 28
IV.4.1. Chn lc v theo di heo ni hu b .............................................................................. 28
IV.4.2. Quy trnh chm sc v nui dng heo c ging ....................................................... 31
IV.5. Cc ging heo ng b nui trong tri (1 mu): ................................................................ 35
IV.5.1. Ging ln Yorkshire ...................................................................................................... 35
IV.5.2. Ging ln Landrace ....................................................................................................... 36
IV.5.3. Ging ln Duroc Jersey ................................................................................................. 36
IV.5.4. Ging ln Pietrain ......................................................................................................... 36
CHNG V: NH GI TC NG MI TRNG ........................................................ 37
V.1. nh gi tc ng mi trng ........................................................................................... 37
V.1.1. Gii thiu chung ............................................................................................................. 37
V.1.2. Cc quy nh v cc hng dn v mi trng .............................................................. 37
V.2. Cc tc ng ca mi trng ............................................................................................... 38
V.2.1. Trong qu trnh xy dng ............................................................................................... 38
V.2.2. Trong giai on sn xut ................................................................................................ 38
V.3. Kt lun .............................................................................................................................. 39
CHNG VI: TNG MC U T D N ....................................................................... 40

VI.1. C s lp tng mc u t ............................................................................................... 40
VI.2. Ni dung tng mc u t ................................................................................................ 40
VI.2.1. Ni dung ........................................................................................................................ 40
VI.2.2. Kt qu tng mc u t ............................................................................................... 43
VI.2.3. Vn lu ng ................................................................................................................. 44
CHNG VII: NGUN VN THC HIN D N ............................................................ 46
VII.1. Ngun vn u t ca d n ........................................................................................... 46
VII.1.1. Cu trc ngun vn v phn b vn u t ................................................................. 46
VII.1.2. Tin s dng vn..................................................................................................... 46
VII.1.3. Ngun vn thc hin d n .......................................................................................... 46
VII.1.4. Phng n hon tr vn vay v chi ph li vay ........................................................... 47
VII.2. Tnh ton chi ph ca d n ............................................................................................. 47
VII.2.1. Chi ph nhn cng ........................................................................................................ 47
VII.2.2. Chi ph hot ng ......................................................................................................... 49
CHNG VIII: HIU QU KINH T -TI CHNH ............................................................. 51
VIII.1. Cc gi nh kinh t v c s tnh ton.......................................................................... 51
VIII.2. Doanh thu t d n ........................................................................................................ 52
VIII.3. Cc ch tiu kinh t ca d n ........................................................................................ 52
VIII.3.1 Bo co thu nhp ca d n ......................................................................................... 53
VIII.3.2 Bo co ngn lu d n ............................................................................................... 54
VIII.4. nh gi hiu qu kinh t - x hi ................................................................................. 55
CHNG IX: KT LUN V KIN NGH .......................................................................... 56
IX.1. Kt lun ............................................................................................................................ 56
IX.2. Kin ngh .......................................................................................................................... 56
THO NGUYN XANH: Trang tri chn nui heo
CHNG I: TNG QUAN CHUNG V D N

I.1. Gii thiu v ch u t
Ch u t
:
Giy php KKD s :
Ngy ng k ln u :
Ngy ng k ln 2 :
i din php lut
:
a ch tr s
: tnh ng Nai
Ngnh ngh chnh
:
Vn iu l
:
I.2. Tm tt d n
Tn d n
: Trang tri chn nui heo
a im xy dng : tnh ng Nai.
Hnh thc u t
: u t xy dng mi
Hnh thc qun l
: Ch u t trc tip qun l d n thng qua ban Qun l d
n do ch u t thnh lp.
Tng mc u t:
VT: 1000 ng
Tng s dng vn
bao gm li vay
Thnh tin
trc thu
Chi ph xy dng
Chi ph thit b
Chi ph t vn
Chi ph qun l d n
Chi ph khc
Chi ph ng in
Chi ph con ging
D phng ph
Chi ph t
Li vay trong thi gian n
hn
57,415,165
18,666,760
2,147,254
1,305,756
1,279,812
1,185,474
15,087,709
9,590,246
9,371,945
Tng
116,050,121
VAT
5,741,517
1,866,676
214,725
130,576
127,981
118,547
1,508,771
959,025
937,195
Thnh tin
sau thu
63,156,682
20,533,436
2,361,979
1,436,332
1,407,793
1,304,022
16,596,480
10,549,270
10,309,140
15,877,731
11,605,012
143,532,864
C cu ngun vn:
- Vn ch s hu: 38,296,540,000 ng chim 30% tng mc u t (cha bao
gm li vay trong thi gian n hn)
- Vn vay t ngn hng Pht Trin Vit Nam: 92,470,811,000 ng. Trong
gm:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------n v t vn: Cng ty CP T vn u t Tho Nguyn Xanh
+ 60% tng mc u t (cha bao gm li vay trong thi gian n hn) tng
ng 76,593,080,000 ng
+ Li vay trong thi gian n hn: 15,877,731,000 ng.
- Vn vay t ngun tn dng khc: 12,765,513,000 ng chim 10% tng mc u
t (cha bao gm li vay trong thi gian n hn)
Ch s nh gi hiu qu ti chnh d n:
- Gi tr hin ti rng (NPV): 119,643,388,000 ng
- Sut sinh li ni b (IRR): 33,0 %
- Thi gian hon vn: 4 nm 6 thng ( bao gm c thi gian xy dng)
I.3. Cn c php l xy dng d n
Vn bn php l
Lut Xy dng s 16/2003/QH11 ngy 26/11/2003 ca Quc Hi nc CHXHCN
Vit Nam;
Lut sa i, b sung mt s iu ca cc Lut lin quan n u t xy dng c
bn ca Quc hi kha XII, k hp th 5 s 38/2009/QH12 ngy 19/6/2009;
Lut t ai s 13/2003/QH11 ngy 26/11/2003 ca Quc Hi nc CHXHCN Vit
Nam;
Lut u t s 59/2005/QH11 ngy 29/11/2005 ca Quc Hi nc CHXHCN Vit
Nam;
Lut Doanh nghip s 60/2005/QH11 ngy 29/11/2005 ca Quc Hi nc
CHXHCN Vit Nam;
Lut u thu s 61/2005/QH11 ngy 29/11/2005 ca Quc Hi nc CHXHCN
Vit Nam;
Lut Kinh doanh Bt ng sn 63/2006/QH11 ngy 29/6/2006 ca Quc Hi nc
CHXHCN Vit Nam;
Lut Nh 56/2005/QH11 ngy 29/11/2005 ca Quc Hi nc CHXHCN Vit
Nam;
Lut Thu thu nhp doanh nghip s 14/2008/QH12 ngy 03/6/2008 ca Quc Hi
nc CHXHCN Vit Nam;
Lut Bo v mi trng s 52/2005/QH11 ngy 29/11/2005 ca Quc Hi nc
CHXHCN Vit Nam;
B lut Dn s s 33/2005/QH11 ngy 14/6/2005 ca Quc Hi nc CHXHCN
Vit Nam;
Lut thu Gi tr gia tng s 13/2008/QH12 ngy 03/6/2008 ca Quc Hi nc
CHXHCN Vit Nam;
Ngh nh s 12/2009/N-CP ngy 12/02/2009 ca Chnh ph v vic Qun l d
n u t xy dng cng trnh.
Ngh nh s 124/2008 N-CP ngy 11 thng 12 nm 2008 ca Chnh Ph v thu
thu nhp doanh nghip;
Ngh nh s 123/2008/N-CP ngy 08/12/2008 ca Chnh ph Qui nh chi tit thi
hnh Lut Thu gi tr gia tng;
Ngh nh 140/2006/N-CP ca Chnh ph ngy 22 thng 11 nm 2006 quy nh

vic bo v mi trng trong cc khu lp, thm nh, ph duyt v t chc thc hin cc
chin lc, quy hoch, k hoch, chng trnh v d n pht trin;
Ngh nh s 80/2006/N-CP ngy 09 thng 8 nm 2006 ca Chnh ph v vic qui
nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut bo v mi trng;
Ngh nh s 12/2009/N-CP ngy 12/2/2009 ca Chnh ph v vic Qun l d n
u t v xy dng cng trnh;
Ngh nh s 83/2009/N-CP ngy 15/10/2009 ca Chnh ph v vic sa, i b
sung mt s iu Ngh nh s 12/2009/N-CP ngy 12/2/2009 ca Chnh ph v vic
Qun l d n u t v xy dng cng trnh;
Ngh nh s 21/2008/N-CP ngy 28/02/2008 ca Chnh ph v sa i b sung
mt s iu ca Ngh nh s 80/2006/N-CP ngy 09/08/2006 ca Chnh ph v vic
quy nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut Bo v mi trng;
Ngh nh s 99/2007/N-CP ngy 13/06/2009 ca Chnh ph v qun l chi ph
u t xy dng cng trnh;
Ngh nh s 35/2003/N-CP ngy 4/4/2003 ca Chnh ph quy nh chi tit mt s
iu lut phng chy v cha chy;
Ngh nh s 209/2004/N-CP ngy 16/12/2004 ca Chnh ph v vic Qun l
cht lng cng trnh xy dng v Ngh nh s 49/2008/N-CP ngy 18/04/2008 ca
Chnh ph v vic sa i b sung mt s iu ca Ngh nh 2009/2004/N-CP;
Ngh nh s 01/2008/N-CP ngy 03 thng 01 nm 2008 ca Chnh ph quy nh
chc nng, nhim v, quyn hn v c cu t chc ca B Nng nghip v Pht trin
nng thn; Ngh nh s 75/2009/N-CP ngy 10 thng 9 nm 2009 ca Chnh ph sa
i iu 3 Ngh nh s 01/2008/N-CP ngy 03 thng 01 nm 2008 ca Chnh ph;
Ngh nh s 08/2010/N-CP ca Chnh ph v qun l thc n chn nui;
Ngh nh s 41/2010/N-CP ngy 12 thng 4 nm 2010 ca Chnh ph v chnh
sch tn dng phc v pht trin nng nghip, nng thn;
Ngh quyt s 03/2000 NQ-CP ngy 02/02/2000 ca Chnh Ph v pht trin trang
tri;
Thng t s 12/2008/TT-BXD ngy 07/05/2008 ca B xy dng hng dn vic
lp v qun l chi ph kho st xy dng;
Thng t s 05/2009/TT-BXD ngy 15/04/2009 ca B Xy dng hng dn iu
chnh d ton xy dng cng trnh;
Thng t s 12/2008/TT-BXD ngy 07/05/2008 ca B Xy dng hng dn vic
lp v qun l chi ph kho st xy dng;
Thng t s 33/2007/TT-BTC ngy 09/4/2007 ca B Ti chnh hng dn quyt
ton d n hon thnh thuc ngun vn nh nc;
Thng t s 27/2011/TT-BNNPTNT ngy 13/4/2011 ca B Nng nghip v Pht
trin nng thn, ban hnh, quy nh v tiu ch v th tc cp giy chng nhn kinh t
trang tri;
Thng t s 05/2008/TT-BTNMT ngy 08/12/2008 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi
trng hng dn v nh gi mi trng chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng v
cam kt bo v mi trng;
Quyt nh s 225/1999/Q/TTg ngy 10/12/1999 ca Th Tng Chnh Ph v

chuyn i ging cy trng vt nui v ging cy nng nghip;
Cng vn s 1777/BXD-VP ngy 16/08/2007 ca B Xy dng v vic cng b
nh mc d ton xy dng cng trnh - Phn lp t h thng in trong cng trnh, ng
v ph tng ng, bo n ng ng, ph tng v thit b khai thc nc ngm;
Cng vn s 1779/BXD-VP ngy 16/08/2007 ca B Xy dng v vic cng b
nh mc d ton xy dng cng trnh - Phn Kho st xy dng;
nh mc chi ph qun l d n v t vn u t xy dng km theo Quyt nh s
957/Q-BXD ngy 29/9/2009 ca B Xy dng;
Cc vn bn khc ca Nh nc lin quan n lp Tng mc u t, tng d ton v
d ton cng trnh;
Quyt nh s 32/2010/Q-UBND ngy 26/5/2010 ca UBND tnh ng Nai v
vic ban hnh quy nh tha thun a im d n u t sn xut kinh doanh trn a bn
tnh ng Nai;
Vn bn s 1801/UBND-KT ngy 01/9/2011 ca y ban Nhn dn huyn v vic
chp thun ch trng v tha thun a im cho lp D n u t xy dng h thng
chung tri chn nui heo ni sinh sn ti x Xun Trng;
Vn bn s 2394/UBND-KT ngy 31/10/2011 ca y ban Nhn dn huyn v vic
chp thun ch trng v tha thun a im cho lp D n u t xy dng h thng
chung tri chn nui heo hu b ti x Xun Trng;
Quyt nh s 1266/Q-UBND ngy 8/5/2012 ca UBND tnh ng Nai v ph
duyt bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng D n Xy dng tri chn nui heo ti tnh
ng Nai;
Giy php Xy dng s 68/GPXD v s 69/GPXD ngy 5/7/2012 ca y ban Nhn
dn huyn cp cho c php xy dng cng trnh Tri chn nui heo ti tnh ng
Nai;
Cn c vo nhu cu pht trin kinh t trang tri ca nhn dn tnh ng Nai;
Cc tiu chun Vit Nam
D n Trang tri chn nui heo da trn nhng tiu chun, quy chun chnh nh
sau:
Quy chun xy dng Vit Nam (tp 1, 2, 3 xut bn 1997-BXD);
Quyt nh s 04 /2008/Q-BXD ngy 03/4/2008. Ban hnh Quy chun k thut
Quc gia v Quy hoch xy dng (QCVN: 01/2008/BXD);
Quyt nh 121/2008/Q-BNN. Quy ch chng nhn c s thc hin quy trnh thc
hnh chn nui tt (Viet GAP);
TCVN 2737-1995
: Ti trng v tc ng- Tiu chun thit k;
TCXD 229-1999
: Ch dn tnh ton thnh phn ng ca ti trng gi theo
TCVN 2737 -1995;
TCXD 45-1978
: Tiu chun thit k nn nh v cng trnh;
TCVN 5760-1993
: H thng cha chy - Yu cu chung thit k lp t v s
dng;
TCVN 5738-2001
: H thng bo chy t ng - Yu cu k thut;
TCVN 6160 1996 : Yu cu chung v thit k, lp t, s dng h thng cha

chy;
TCVN 5576-1991
: H thng cp thot nc - quy phm qun l k thut;
TCVN 4473:1988
: Tiu Chun Thit k h thng cp nc bn trong;
TCVN 5673:1992
: Tiu Chun Thit k h thng cp thot nc bn trong;
TCVN 5687-1992
: Tiu chun thit k thng gi - iu tit khng kh - si
m;
11TCN 19-84
: ng dy in;
11TCN 21-84
: Thit b phn phi v trm bin th;
TCXD 95-1983
: Tiu chun thit k chiu sng nhn to bn ngoi cng trnh
dn dng;
TCXD 25-1991
: Tiu chun t ng dy dn in trong nh v cng
trnh cng cng;
TCXD 27-1991
: Tiu chun t thit b in trong nh v cng trnh cng
cng;
TCVN-46-89
: Chng st cho cc cng trnh xy dng;
EVN
: Yu cu ca ngnh in lc Vit Nam (Electricity of Viet
Nam).
QCVN 01 14 : Quy chun k thut quc gia - iu kin tri chn nui ln an ton
sinh hc;
QCVN 24
: Quy chun quc gia v nc thi cng nghip.
QCVN 01-39
: Quy chun k thut quc gia v v sinh nc dng trong
chn nui;
QCVN 01 - 79 : Quy chun k thut quc gia C s chn nui gia sc, gia cmQuy trnh kim tra, nh gi iu kin v sinh th y;
QCVN 01 83 : Quy chun k thut quc gia- Bnh ng vt Yu cu chung ly
mu bnh phm, bo qun v vn chuyn;
QCVN 01 78 : Quy chun k thut quc gia v thc n chn nui- cc ch tiu v
sinh an ton v mc gii hn ti a cho php trong thc n chn nui;
QCVN 01 77 : Quy chun k thut quc gia v c s sn xut thc n chn nui
thng mi- iu kin m bo v sinh an ton thc phm;
I.4. nh hng u t v mc tiu ca d n
I.4.1. nh hng u t
Vi s tng trng khng ngng ca nn kinh t th gii v khu vc trong thi
gian qua, s ho nhp v giao lu Quc t ngy cng c m rng, ko theo s pht
trin nhanh chng ca nn kinh t Vit Nam. Song song vi s pht trin ca nn kinh t,
ngnh chn nui nc ta v ang c s chuyn dch nhanh chng. S pht trin ny
da trn c s ch trng ca ng v nh nc khuyn khch u t khai thc tim
nng v th mnh ca ngnh nng nghip, to tin pht trin ca cc ngnh kinh t
mi nhn khc. Nhn thc c vn ny, quyt nh u t xy dng Trang tri chn
nui heo theo m hnh kinh t cng nghip tnh ng Nai nhm p ng nhu cu v heo
hu b v ngun thc phm phc v trong nc.
Trang tri chng ti s bn heo hu b v heo con ly tht. Ngoi u ra ca trang

tri s c hai cng ty trn thu li th ngun con ging, thc n, thuc th y, k thut s
c cung cp vi tiu chun v cht lng cao. Do vy, chng ti nh hng d n c
tnh kh thi v pht trin n nh.
I.4.2. Mc tiu ca d n
- u t 12,000 heo hu b v 2,400 heo ni cho ra nhng heo ging tt nht
nhm a chn nui tr thnh ngnh sn xut chnh, gp phn chuyn dch c cu kinh t
nng nghip nng thn theo hng cng nghip ha - hin i ha.
- Pht trin chn nui heo tng hiu qu cc ngun nguyn liu, ph ph phm
t nng nghip nhm to ra sn phm hng ha c cht lng cao p ng nhu cu ca
x hi v xut khu.
- Pht trin chn nui heo phi gn cht vi quy hoch pht trin kinh t tng hp
ca tnh ng Nai.
- D n khi i vo hot ng s gp phn thc y s tng trng kinh t, y
nhanh tin trnh cng nghip ho - hin i ho v hi nhp nn kinh t ca a phng,
ca tnh ng Nai cng nh c nc.
- Hn na, D n i vo hot ng to cng n vic lm vi thu nhp n nh cho
ngi dn, gp phn gii quyt tnh trng tht nghip v lnh mnh ho mi trng x
hi ti a phng.
CHNG II: THC TRNG V TH TRNG V LNH

VC HOT NG
II.1. Tnh hnh pht trin kinh t Vit Nam
Tng sn phm trong nc (GDP) su thng u nm 2012 c tnh tng 4.38% so
vi cng k nm 2011, trong qu I tng 4.00%; qu II tng 4.66%. Trong mc tng
trng chung ca ton nn kinh t su thng u nm nay, khu vc nng, lm nghip v
thy sn tng 2.81%, ng gp 0.48 im phn trm; khu vc cng nghip v xy dng
tng 3.81%, ng gp 1.55 im phn trm; khu vc dch v tng 5.57%, ng gp 2.35
im phn trm.
Tng trng kinh t su thng u nm nay t mc thp do nhiu ngnh, lnh vc
gp kh khn trong sn xut kinh doanh v tiu th sn phm. Sn xut cng nghip chim
t trng ln nhng kt qu tng thp. Tuy nhin, t qu II nn kinh t c nhng chuyn
bin tch cc, c bit i vi khu vc cng nghip v xy dng: Gi tr tng thm ca khu
vc ny qu I nm nay ch tng 2.94% so vi cng k nm trc, sang qu II tng ln
4.52%, trong cng nghip tng t 4.03% ln 5.40%.
Ring v nng nghip cng c nhng kt qu ng ghi nhn nh sau. Din tch
gieo cy la ng xun c nc nm nay t 3124.2 nghn ha, tng 27.4 nghn ha so vi
v ng xun nm 2011, trong cc a phng pha Bc t 1157.7 nghn ha, tng 6.2
nghn ha; cc a phng pha Nam t 1966.5 nghn ha, tng 21.2 nghn ha. Nng sut
la ng xun nm nay c tnh t 64.8 t/ha, tng 1 t/ha so vi v ng xun nm
trc; sn lng t 20.3 triu tn, tng 47.8 vn tn. Cng n trung tun thng Su, c
nc xung ging c 1905.4 nghn ha la h thu, bng 94.4% cng k nm trc,
trong vng ng bng sng Cu Long xung ging 1653.7 nghn ha, bng 100.7%.
V chn nui, ti thi im 01/4/2012, n tru c nc c 2.7 triu con, gim
5.1% so vi cng thi im nm 2011; n b c 5.3 triu con, gim 7%; n ln c 26.7
triu con, tng 1.5%; n gia cm c 310.7 triu con, tng 5.8%. Sn lng tht tru hi
t 50.4 nghn tn, tng 3.7% so cng k nm trc; tht b hi t 174.8 nghn tn, gim
1.5%; tht ln hi t 1.9 triu tn, tng 4.8%; tht gia cm t 439.3 nghn tn, tng
13.7%. Sn lng trng gia cm t 4.1 triu qu, tng 4.6%; sn lng sa t 2 triu
tn, tng 14.2%. Tnh n ngy 23/6/2012, dch cm gia cm v dch l mm long mng
trn tru, b c khng ch; dch tai xanh trn ln cha qua 21 ngy cn cc tnh,
thnh ph: H Ni, Bc Ninh, Qung Ninh, in Bin, Lng Sn, ng Nai, Bnh
Dng v Bc Liu.
Vi nhng hn ch cng nh kt qu t c th nhn chung kinh t Vit Nam 6
thng u nm 2012 gp nhiu kh khn, nh nc cn c nhng bin php thch hp
nhm y mnh tng trng kinh t. Gii phn tch cho rng mc tiu gi t l lm pht
t l 1 con s v duy tr tng trng kinh t khong 6% trong nm i hi phi n lc
rt nhiu.
10
II.2. Tnh hnh pht trin kinh t ca tnh ng Nai

II.2.1. Tnh hnh kinh t - x hi ca tnh
ng Nai thuc khu vc min ng Nam B v vng kinh t trng im pha
Nam. Nm ca ng pha Bc ng thi l mt trung tm cng nghip v th ca
vng, tnh ng Nai c vai tr rt quan trng v pht trin kinh t- x hi, giao lu
thng mi v an ninh quc phng trong vng kinh t trng im pha Nam.
Trong qu I/2012 mc d gi mt s mt hng thit yu nh in, gas, xng du
tng lm nh hng n hot ng sn xut kinh doanh ca doanh nghip, nhng vi s
tp trung ch o iu hnh ca lnh o tnh v s n lc ca cc c quan, doanh nghip
v nhn dn trong tnh nn tnh hnh kinh t x hi ca tnh vn tip tc pht trin. Theo
, tng sn phm quc ni (GDP) l 10,611.9 t ng, t 23% k hoch v tng 12.1%
so cng k; gi tr gia tng ngnh dch v tng 14.2%; gi tr xut khu t 2,513.5 triu
ng t 22% k hoch v tng 14.5% so cng k; thu ht u t nc ngoi (FDI) t
180 triu USD, tng gp 2 ln so cng k; cng tc thanh ton vn u t t ngun ngn
sch tnh c tp trung thc hin, theo qu I gii ngn c 352 t ng, t 22%
k hoch nm l kt qu ng khch l. Cc hot ng vn ha, gio dc, y t, cng tc an
sinh x hi c lnh o cc cp, cc ngnh quan tm. Qu I/2012 gii quyt vic
lm cho 22,662 lao ng, t 25.2% k hoch v tng 1% so cng k; cho vay u i 150
h ngho vi s tin 1.5 t ng...
Bn cnh kt qu t c, kinh t - x hi ca tnh vn cn gp nhiu kh khn,
hn ch nh: Do kh khn v gi c nguyn vt liu v thi im u nm cc ch u t
tp trung cng tc u thu nn gi tr sn xut ngnh xy dng qu I/2012 tng thp so
cng k (tng 7.3%); gi mt s mt hng thit yu nh in, gas, xng du tng lm nh
hng n hot ng sn xut kinh doanh ca doanh nghip; ng thi, do tnh hnh kh
khn chung nn vn ng k thnh lp mi v vn ng k tng thm ca cc doanh
nghip trong I/2012 gim so cng k. Ngoi ra, vn u t t ngn sch cn thp, khng
ngun vn u t cho cng tc bi thng gii phng mt bng v cho cc d n v
y t, gio dc, xy dng nng thn mi.
II.2.2. c im kinh t huyn
l huyn trung du min ni, vi dn s trn 228 ngn ngi, din tch t nhin
72,619 ha trong c 55.552 ha t sn xut nng nghip. y mnh s nghip cng
nghip ho - hin i ho nng nghip nng thn vi nhng ni dung ch yu nh:
chuyn dch c cu kinh t nng nghip - nng thn theo hng sn xut hng ho, y
mnh pht trin cc ngnh cng nghip - dch v, xy dng pht trin kt cu h tng,
thc hin thu li ho, c gii ho, pht trin th trng nng thn; khuyn khch cc
thnh phn kinh t u t vo nng nghip, pht trin kinh t hp tc, kinh t trang tri.
Ban chp hnh ng b huyn tp trung ch o cng c xy dng kinh t hp tc,
khuyn khch pht trin kinh t trang tri, xy dng cc m hnh Cu lc b nng sut
cao, lin hip cu lc b to ra nhng bc t ph mi trong sn xut nng nghip;
nhng ch trng to c s thng nht cao trong cc cp u ng, chnh quyn
t huyn n c s v s hng ng tch cc ca a s nng dn, khng nh tnh hiu
qu, tnh ng n, hp ng - lng dn.
11
Trong lnh vc nng lm nghip da trn cc yu t t nhin v iu kin kinh t x hi nh hng quy hoch thnh 4 tiu vng pht trin, c th nh sau:
Tiu vng I: Bao gm cc x Xun Hip, Sui Ct v th trn Gia Ray trong trung
tm ca tiu vng l th trn Gia Ray, c cu kinh t ch yu l cng nghip - dch v v
nng nghip. Tng din tch t nhin 5,526.09 ha, chim 7.6% tng din tch t nhin ton
huyn; trong din tch t sn xut nng nghip 3,259.38 ha, chim 7.06% din tch t
sn xut nng nghip ton huyn.
Tiu vng II: Bao gm cc x Xun nh, Bo Ho, Xun Ph v Lang Minh
trong trung tm ca tiu vng l Bo Ho; c cu kinh t ch l chuyn canh cy lu
nm, cy hng nm, cy c sn vi trnh thm canh cao v chn nui trang tri. Tng
din tch t nhin 8,716.74 ha, chim 12% tng din tch t nhin ton huyn; trong
din tch t sn xut nng nghip l 7,432.85 ha, chim 16.08% din tch t sn xut
nng nghip ton huyn.
Tiu vng III: Bao gm cc x Xun Tm, Xun Hng v Xun Ho trong Xun
Hng l trung tm ca tiu vng, c cu kinh t ch yu l nng- lm nghip, trang tri chn
nui v thy sn. Tng din tch t nhin 31.315.18 ha, chim 43.12% tng din tch t
nhin ton huyn; trong din tch t nng nghip l 16,082.47 ha, chim 34.78% din
tch t nng nghip ton huyn.
Tiu vng IV: Bao gm cc x Xun Bc, Sui Cao, Xun Th, Xun Trng v
Xun Thnh. y l tiu vng chuyn canh cy tiu, iu, rau sch, trang tri chn nui.
Tng din tch t nhin 27,078.44 ha, chim 37.28% tng din tch t nhin ton huyn;
trong din tch t nng nghip l 19,443.08 ha, chim 42.08% din tch t nng
nghip ton huyn.
II.2.3. Tnh hnh pht trin chn nui ca tnh
Quan im pht trin ngnh chn nui
- Chn nui l ngnh kinh t quan trng trong sn xut nng nghip, tng t trng
chn nui l gii php ch yu duy tr v nng cao gi tr ca sn xut nng nghip.
- Pht trin chn nui phi gn vi bo v mi trng v ci to mi trng t
trng trt. Chuyn i phng thc chn nui vi cc gii php x l cht thi bng cc
cng ngh ph hp nhm gim nhim mi trng chn nui v mi trng sng. Cht
thi chn nui c x l cung cp ngun nng lng sch phc v cho sinh hot v sn
xut nng nghip v nng thn.
- p dng cng ngh tin tin, tng bc cng nghip ha v hin i ha ngnh
chn nui theo hng trang tri v nng cao hiu qu, kh nng kim sot dch bnh.
- Khuyn khch v to iu kin thun li cc h chn nui trong huyn chuyn
nhanh chn nui phn tn, quy m nh thnh cc trang tri chn nui tp trung vi quy
m ln. Tng bc di di cc trang tri chn nui cc khu vc cm nui sang cc vng
khuyn khch pht trin chn nui. Xy dng c s h tng, khuyn khch v to iu
kin thun li cho vic xy dng cc c s sn xut phn vi sinh hu c s dng nguyn
liu t cht thi chn nui, s dng nng lng sinh hc.
- Pht huy li th ca tng tiu vng trn a bn, ngun lc v kt qu v kinh
nghim nui ca tng trang tri, nhu cu thc t ca th trng; khuyn khch cc t chc
12
v c nhn u t pht trin chn nui, trong chn nui trang tri l xu hng ch o,
c bit ch trng pht trin 2 loi vt nui c li th nht trn a bn huyn l heo, g,
to ra sn phm c cht lng tt, m bo tiu chun an ton v sinh thc phm, m
bo sn xut lu di v n nh.
- Nh nc to mi trng thun li cho ngnh chn nui pht trin n nh v
bn vng vi c ch chnh sch ph hp khuyn khch mi thnh phn kinh t u t
cho nghin cu khoa hc k thut, sn xut ging cht lng cao, xy dng c s ch
bin sn phm chn nui, sn xut thc n, thuc th y, sn xut phn bn t ngun cht
thi chn nui, tng cng h thng qun l Nh nc v h thng gim st sn phm
chn nui v th y cc vn bn php lut v chnh sch c thc thi mt cch hiu
lc v hiu qu cao.
Mc tiu v phng hng pht trin
+ Mc tiu pht trin:
- t tc tng trng gi tr sn xut (GTSX) ngnh chn nui t 9 - 10% giai
on 2009 - 2010 v 8.5 9.0% giai on 2011 - 2020. a t trng GTSX ngnh chn
nui t 34% nm 2008 ln 39 - 40% nm 2010; 45 - 48% nm 2015 v 55 - 60% nm
2020.
- Ch trng pht trin CNTT, a t l n heo CNTT t 24.7% hin nay ln 30 32% nm 2010 v 60 - 70% vo nm 2015, tin ti hu ht c CNTT vo cui giai
on 2016 - 2020. T l n gia cm nui tp trung tng tng ng t 62.3% hin nay ln
68 - 70% nm 2010, khong 85 - 90% vo nm 2015 v hu ht c chn nui tp trung
vo giai on 2016 - 2020.
+ Phng hng pht trin:
Ph hp vi nh hng quy hoch tng th pht trin kinh t - x hi ca tnh,
quy hoch pht trin kinh t - x hi ca huyn , quy hoch ca ngnh nng nghip v
pht trin nng thn.
Quy m pht trin ngnh chn nui:
Trn a bn huyn , v lu di ch pht trin chn nui trn a bn cc x. Quy
m pht trin n heo v n g n nm 2020 nh sau:
+ n heo: Tng t 157,543 con nm 2008 ln 180,371 con nm 2010, ln
323,000 con nm 2015 v 453,100 con nm 2020.
+ n g: Tng t 769,978 con nm 2008, ln khong 858,500 nm 2010, ln
1,234,800 con nm 2015 v 1,613,200 con nm 2020.
+ n b: Tng t 28,015 con nm 2008, ln khong 30,098 nm 2010, ln 34,303
con nm 2015 v 39,116 con nm 2020.
13
Quy hoch cc vng khuyn khch pht trin chn nui giai on I:
Tng din tch quy hoch cho pht trin cc vng khuyn khch pht trin chn
nui trn a bn ton huyn theo phng n chn l: 3,982 ha, bao gm 25 khu, c th
nh sau:
- X Xun Bc: Din tch 326 ha; gm 02 vng:
+ Vng khuyn khch pht trin chn nui giai on I p 1: Din tch 8 ha. D
kin nng cp tuyn ng t thnh ng trc (di 01 km) v ng trung th (di 1
km).
+ Vng khuyn khch pht trin chn nui giai on I p 2B: Din tch 318 ha. D
kin xy dng 3.6 km ng trc, 4.2 km in trung th, 4.2 km ng h th.
- X Sui Cao: Din tch 535 ha; gm 02 vng:
+ Vng khuyn khch pht trin chn nui giai on I Ch Rang, p Cy Da: Din
tch 484 ha (tiu khu 1: 250 ha, tiu khu 2: 234 ha). D kin nng cp 2.7 km ng trc;
10.2 km ng nhnh; 3.4 km ng trung th.
+ Vng khuyn khch pht trin chn nui giai on I p Bu Snh: Din tch 51
ha. D kin xy dng 02 km ng trc, 3.1 km ng nhnh; 01 km ng trung th v
3.1 km ng h th.
- X Xun Thnh: Din tch 340 ha; gm 03 vng:
+ Khu CNTT ca Donataba: Khu vc ny c din tch 131 ha, bao gm c chn
nui v trng trt v ang c quy hoch chi tit.
+ Vng khuyn khch pht trin chn nui giai on I p Tn Hp: Din tch 138
ha. u t tuyn ng trc 2.3 km, ng nhnh di 2.9 km, ko ng trung th di
2.3 km, h th di 2.9 km.
+ Vng khuyn khch pht trin chn nui giai on I p Tn Ha: Din tch 71
ha. u t tuyn ng nhnh di 2.4 km, ko ng trung th di 0.9 km, h th di 2.4
km.
- X Xun Th: Din tch 362 ha; gm 03 vng:
+ Khu vc khuyn khch pht trin chn nui giai on I p Th Ha: Din tch
123 ha. u t: ng trc (di 1.7 km), ng nhnh 3.1 km; ko in vo (trung th
1.1 km, h th 3.5 km). C th u tin trin khai sm.
+ Khu vc khuyn khch pht trin chn nui giai on I p Th Lc: Din tch 59
ha. u t: 1.4 km ng trc, 2.8 km ng nhnh, ko 1.4 km in trung th v 2.8 km
in h th.
+ Khu vc khuyn khch pht trin chn nui giai on I p Th Bnh: Din tch
180 ha. u t nng cp 1.8 km ng t thnh ng trc, xy dng 4.2 km ng
nhnh; ko in trung th di 1.7 km v h th 4.2 km.
- X Xun Trng: Din tch 166 ha; gm 01 vng:
- Vng khuyn khch pht trin chn nui giai on I p Trung Tn: Din tch 166
ha. Hin c 01 tuyn ng t ni TL 766 vi khu vc. S nng cp tuyn ng ny
thnh ng trc (di 2.5 km), lm mi 3.4 km ng nhnh; ko tuyn trung th di 1.2
km cp theo tuyn ng trc v h th 3.4 km.
- X Xun nh: Din tch 82 ha; gm 02 vng:
14
+ Khu vc khuyn khch pht trin chn nui giai on I p Bo nh: Din tch
29 ha. D kin xy dng tuyn ng trc di 0.7 km, ng nhnh 1.9 km, ng in
h th 1.9 km.
+ Khu vc khuyn khch pht trin chn nui giai on I p Bo Th: Din tch 53
ha. D kin xy dng tuyn ng trc di 1.2 km, ng nhnh 2.3 km, ng in
trung th 1.2 km, h th 2.3 km.
- X Bo Ha: Din tch 141 ha; gm 01 vng:
+ Vng khuyn khch pht trin chn nui giai on I i S p Bng Cn: Din
tch 141 ha. D kin xy dng 4.5 km ng nhnh; 1.7 km ng in trung th; 4.5 km
ng in h th.
- X Xun Ph: Din tch 409 ha; gm 01 vng:
+ Vng khuyn khch pht trin chn nui giai on I p Bnh Ha: Din tch 409
ha. D kin xy dng 2,7 km ng trc (nng cp t tuyn c); 7,8 km ng nhnh;
2,2 km ng in trung th, 7,8 km ng in h th.
- X Sui Ct: Din tch 39 ha; gm 01 vng:
+ Vng khuyn khch pht trin chn nui giai on I p Sui Ct: Din tch 39
ha. D kin xy dng 01 km ng trc, 1.5 km ng nhnh, 0.7 km ng in trung
th, 1.45 km ng in h th.
- X Xun Hip: Din tch 265 ha; gm 01 vng:
+ Vng khuyn khch pht trin chn nui giai on I i Gia Mng: Din tch
265 ha. D kin nng cp 2.8 km ng t thnh ng trc, xy dng thm khong 5.2
km ng nhnh; 1.9 km ng in trung th v 5.1 km ng h th.
- X Lang Minh: Din tch 68 ha; gm 01 vng:
+ Vng khuyn khch pht trin chn nui giai on I p Ty Minh: Din tch 68
ha. D kin nng cp tuyn ng trc di 1.2 km, lm mi 2.8 km ng nhnh, ng
in trung th 1.2 km, h th 2.8 km.
- X Xun Tm: Din tch 391 ha; gm 03 vng:
+ Vng quy hoch chn nui ca Donataba: Din tch 180 ha, bao gm c chn
nui v trng trt v ang c quy hoch chi tit.
+ Vng pht trin chn nui giai on I ca hi lm vn p 6: Din tch 74 ha.
u t nng cp tuyn ng trc di 2.35 km, ng nhnh 2.2 km, ko di thm ng
trung th 0.5 km v h th 3.1 km.
+ Khu khuyn khch pht trin chn nui giai on I p 1: Din tch 137 ha. u
t nng cp tuyn ng trc di 4.4 km, ng nhnh 2.4 km, ko tuyn trung th di
3.8 km v h th di 3.2 km.
- X Xun Hng: Din tch 601 ha; gm 03 vng:
kin nng cp tuyn ng trc di 2.6 km, ng nhnh 2.4 km, ko di thm ng
kin nng cp tuyn ng trc di 3.5 km, ng nhnh 3.8 km, ko tuyn trung th di
thm 0.5 km v h th di 3.8 km.
15
kin s xy dng tuyn ng trc di 3.5 km, ng nhnh 3.8 km, ko di thm ng
- X Xun Ha: Din tch 257 ha; gm 01 vng:
+ Vng khuyn khch pht trin chn nui giai on I p 1: Din tch 257 ha. u
t nng cp tuyn ng trc di 1.6 km, ng nhnh 2.8 km, ko di thm ng trung
th 1.6 km v h th 2.8 km.
D kin cc vng khuyn khch pht trin chn nui giai on I trn a bn huyn
n nm 2020
Quy hoch vng khuyn khch pht trin chn nui giai on II:
Tng din tch quy hoch cho pht trin cc vng khuyn khch pht trin chn
nui giai on II trn a bn ton huyn l 13,986 ha, chim 77.83% vng KKPTCN.
Tp trung ch yu cc x Xun Bc (1,292 ha), x Sui Cao (780 ha), x Xun Thnh
(907 ha), x Xun Th (95 ha), x Xun Trng (593 ha), x Xun nh (18 ha), x Bo
Ha (172 ha), x Xun Ph (536 ha), x Xun Hip (129 ha), x Lang Minh (202 ha), x
Xun Tm (288 ha), x Xun Hng (3,272 ha), x Xun Ha (5,699 ha), x Sui Ct (03
ha).
Quy hoch cc c s git m tp trung:
Quy hoch 6 c s git m tp trung, phn b trn a bn x Xun nh, x Xun
Ph, x Xun Bc, x Xun Hip, x Xun Hng, x Xun Thnh v x Sui Cao vi quy
m mi c s git m l 02 ha. V tr mi im c th hin trn bn quy hoch.
Tin pht trin chn nui, xy dng cc vng khuyn khch pht trin chn
nui v khu git m tp trung:
- Phn k pht trin: Phn k theo cc k hoch trung hn, bao gm 03 giai on:
Giai on 2008 - 2010, 2011 - 2015, 2016 - 2020.
- Cc trng tm cn thc hin trong giai on 2008 - 2010:
+ n nh sn xut, t chc di di cc c s chn nui nm trong phm vi cm
nui sang cc vng khuyn khch pht trin chn nui mt cch thun li. Xy dng cc
hp tc x dch v chn nui, nng quy m sn xut, sn xut thc n, tiu th sn phm.
+ Xy dng c s h tng n cc vng khuyn khch pht trin chn nui nm
khu vc trng im.
+ Trin khai cc d n u tin u t v xy dng c s h tng vng khuyn
khch pht trin chn nui a bn trng im.
+ Trin khai cc m hnh chn nui tin tin, cc m hnh x l cht thi, chn
nui kt hp trng trt v nui c.
+ Tng cng qun l dch bnh, kim dch ng vt, tiu chun an ton v sinh
thc phm, c bit vi cc ngun hng qua huyn v cc c s chn nui nh.
- Giai on sau 2010:
y mnh cng nghip ha v hin i ha pht trin chn nui t trnh khu
vc, tng sc cnh tranh c th vn ra th trng xut khu.
16
+ Cng nghip ha: Khuyn khch tch t sn xut, tng quy m n gia sc trong
tng tri, c gii ha v in kh ha cc khu vn chuyn, t ng ha khu cung cp
thc n, nc ung.
+ Hin i ha: ng dng rng ri cng ngh chn nui theo quy trnh chn nui
an ton, chung kn. Hin i ha khu git m p ng yu cu ngy cng cao ca tng
th trng. Kim sot cht ch v sinh an ton thc phm theo cc tiu chun cht lng
ca khu vc.
+ y mnh hp tc trong sn xut, tiu th v git m gia sc. Trong mi khu
chn nui tp trung u c t hp tc hoc hp tc x.
+ Kim sot cht ch git m, khp kn t sn xut n ch bin v tiu th sn
phm. Kt hp cht ch gia pht trin chn nui vi trng trt, c bit l trong s dng
cc ph phm chn nui cho pht trin trng trt bn vng.
+ m bo x l mi trng theo Lut Mi trng. y mnh bo v v tn to
cnh quan cc vng khuyn khch pht trin chn nui.
+ Nng cp ng b c s h tng trong v ngoi khu chn nui tp trung.
+ a Internet vo cc khu chn nui tp trung, gip cc trang tri cp nht nhanh
chng cc thng tin v tin b k thut, cng ngh, m hnh xy dng chung tri, cc
tiu chun v sinh an ton thc phm, cc tiu chun v thc n, con ging, cc thng tin
v th trng tiu th.
Vn u t
Vn u t c th cho tng khu quy hoch chn nui tp trung, tng d n s c
tnh ton c th khi tin hnh xy dng d n.
Hiu qu kinh t, x hi v mi trng
a. Hiu qu kinh t
c tnh hiu qu kinh t chn nui cc loi vt nui chnh giai on t nm 2008
- 2020 huyn nh sau:
17

c tnh hiu qu kinh t chn nui cc loi vt nui chnh
giai on t 2008 - 2020 huyn
Nm quy hoch
2008
2010
1. Sn lng
1.1. Sn lng tht hi
1.1.1. Tht heo
1.1.2. Tht gia cm
1.1.3. Tht tru, b
1.2. Trng gia cm
2. Gi tr sn xut chn nui
Tc bnh qun
3. GTSX chn nui/lao ng CN
Tn
Tn
Tn
1000 qu
T ng
%/nm
Triu ng /ngi
34.554
30.375
1.620
2.559
9.530
848,4
251
40.712
36.090
1.960
2.662
10.910
1.026
10,0
320
2015
2020
60.470
54.270
3.200
3.000
15.300
1.544
8,5
510
89.930
81.600
5.080
3.250
21.500
2.321
7,5
800
b. Hiu qu x hi
- Tng t l h giu nh pht trin n nh chn nui trang tri, l ngnh sn xut
nng nghip cho hiu qu cao. To vic lm do tng quy m chn nui nn gim c h
ngho.
- Tnh cht sn xut cng nghip v ng dng cc cng ngh nui theo hng
cng ngh cao trong chn nui cc trang tri s ng gp tch cc vo xc tin l trnh
CNH, HH pht trin nng nghip, nng thn ca huyn.
- i sng m bo, ngi lao ng c vic lm, thu nhp n nh s gip n nh
an ninh nng thn.
- Cung cp sn phm tht trng cho nhu cu tiu dng, cung cp nguyn liu cho
cc ngnh ch bin.
c. Hiu qu mi trng
- a chn nui trong cc khu dn c ra bn ngoi, m bo sc khe cho cng
ng v m quan khu dn c.
- Khc phc tnh trng nhim cc khu dn c, cc c s vn ha, gio dc y t,
cc ngun nc sinh hot.
- Nc ra chung sau khi c x l c s dng ti vo ma kh, phn hu
c bn cho cy trng gip nng cao cht lng cc sn phm trng trt v tui th vn
cy lu nm. Cy ci xanh tt vo ma kh s gp phn ci thin vi kh hu cc khu
vc CNTT v c ch cho din rng.
+ Tng ph nhiu t ai, ci thin ti xp, tng hm lng hu c cho t
canh tc trn a bn huyn v cc a phng khc.
+ Ngun kh biogas c s dng un nu, pht in, l nhng ngun nng lng
sch, gip hn ch x kh thi vo mi trng.
Cc gii php pht trin chn nui, vng khuyn khch pht trin chn nui v khu
git m tp trung
a. Gii php v mi trng:
Tng cng cc bin php qun l ngn chn gia tng nhim v tng bc
hn ch nhim mi trng, qun l mi trng theo Lut Mi trng:
18
- Cc c s chn nui phi c cam kt t x l mi trng m bo yu cu v v

sinh mi trng theo quy nh ca c quan chc nng v mi trng. Phi c tng ro
ngn cch trang tri vi bn ngoi v chiu cao t 02m tr ln. Khng c x cht thi,
nc thi cha c x l vo mi trng.
- Trc mt ng dng cc m hnh x l mi trng c hiu qu v thit thc nh:
M hnh lm biogas, m hnh s dng h thng b lng, x nc c x l theo h
thng tiu hoc ra ao cha
- V lu di, th nghim m hnh x l hin i khc ng dng rng ri cc m
hnh ph hp nh: M hnh x l ton b cht thi bng phng php biogas kt hp
pht in, x l cht thi chn nui bng cng ngh sinh hc, s dng cc ch phm sinh
hc b sung trong thc n chn nui v phn (nc CTAIR-1 v CTAIR-2) nhm gim
nhim mi trng.
- Vn ng b cc cng ngh nui c nguy c gy nhim cao nh phun nc
cho g, lm b tm cho heo
- V tr xy dng cc tri chn nui m bo khng gy nhim mi trng v
theo khon 2 iu 2 trong Php lnh Th y, ring t l cy xanh theo tiu chun TCVN
3772-83 (quy nh, t l cy xanh khong 35 - 40%) v c c th ha trong quy ch
vng khuyn khch pht trin chn nui.
b. Gii php v khoa hc cng ngh:
+ Hin i ha sn xut l yu cu v cng l iu kin quyt nh thnh cng
trong cnh tranh ca ngnh chn nui. Trc mt, tp trung cho cng ngh sn xut thc
n (vi yu cu h gi thnh, gip tng trng nhanh), kim sot dch bnh, nhn ging v
dch v s dng ging tt, xy dng chung tri p ng yu cu ca cc cng ngh nui
tin tin mt cch ph hp vi tng quy m trang tri, m hnh x l cht thi cho tng
loi vt nui v tng quy m nui.
+ Hin i ha khu nui ln c ging, cung cp con ni cht lng cao cho cc
h nui thng phm, kt hp t chc lai to tt nng cao t l th tinh so vi hin
nay, gim s ln th tinh v chi ph th tinh.
+ Cn ng dng nhanh cc cng ngh qun l v gim st dch bnh. Kt hp gia
phng tr dch bnh mt cch nghim ngt trn a bn vi kim dch mt cch thng
xuyn v x l tht nghim cc ngun ly bnh t bn ngoi.
+ ng dng linh hot cng ngh x l cht thi chn nui, s dng tt ngun cht
thi t chn nui (lm kh biogas, sn xut phn hu c vi sinh). Nhanh chng loi b cc
cng ngh nui gy nhim mi trng (phun nc cho g, lm ao tm trong khun vin
chung, khng xy dng cc cng trnh x l cht thi).
+ Khuyn co cc cng ngh nui tin tin, an ton sinh hc, theo m hnh chung
kn, trc mt vi chn nui g cng nghip v cc tri chn nui ln c quy m ln,
tng bc m rng phm vi trn a bn huyn.
c. Gii php v huy ng vn cho xy dng c s h tng v h tr vn cho pht
trin chn nui:
- Vn xy dng c s h tng cc vng khuyn khch pht trin chn nui v xy
dng cc m hnh c ly t ngun ngn sch v cc chng trnh nghin cu th
nghim, h tr cc c s ch bin phn hu c vi sinh, kinh ph hot ng ca hip hi.
19
Nh sn xut t huy ng vn cho xy dng chung tri, chi ph sn xut kinh doanh t
cc ngun t c, huy ng t ngi thn, vay t ngn hng, tr gip thn nhn nc
ngoi.
+ Nh nc to iu kin cho cc ngn hng m chi nhnh trn a bn huyn.
Khuyn khch hnh thnh cc t chc tn dng nhn dn. Khuyn khch cc nh my sn
xut thc n gia sc tng quy m chn nui gia cng trn a bn huyn.
+ Lng ghp vi chng trnh xy dng c s h tng, chng trnh 134, tranh th
s h tr t cc chng trnh ca B Nng nghip v PTNT, trc mt l chng trnh
chuyn giao cc cng ngh nui heo v g theo hng an ton sinh hc v gim thiu
nhim mi trng. To iu kin tt v th tc ng k u t v u i v t ai.
d. Gii php v t chc pht trin chn nui v trin khai d n pht trin chn
nui, xy dng vng khuyn khch pht trin chn nui:
- Khuyn khch thnh lp cc t hp tc, HTX chn nui, nht l cc a bn
trng im chn nui nh cc x Xun ng, Xun Ty, Sng Ray.
- M cc lp tp hun v kin thc kinh doanh v qun l trang tri, qun l hp
tc x, vi cc kin thc v qun l, v maketing, phng php xy dng thng hiu,
cc cng ngh sn xut v bo v mi trng tin tin c th p dng c vo a bn
huyn.
- Cn tng cng lc lng cn b khuyn nng v chn nui, cn b th y trong
mng li khuyn nng v th y n tn thn p (vi cc a bn trng im), m bo
nng cao hiu lc qun l th y v hot ng khuyn nng.
- Tranh th s gip ca cc c quan nghin cu, chuyn giao, cc doanh nghip
ch bin thc n chn nui, git m gia sc ng dng nhanh cc tin b k thut, tr
gip v vn v tiu th sn phm n nh.
- Cng b quy hoch n tng x v cng khai ti cc x, cc n v c lin quan.
Lng ghp tin xy dng c s h tng trong quy hoch ny vi chng trnh pht
trin c s h tng chung ca huyn.
- Thnh lp Ban Ch o xy dng cc vng khuyn khch pht trin chn nui.
Trng ban l Lnh o UBND huyn, Ph ban Thng trc v c quan Thng trc l
phng Nng nghip v PTNT, y vin l Lnh o phng Ti nguyn v Mi trng,
phng Cng thng, Ch tch UBND cc x, Trng trm Khuyn nng, Trng trm
Th y. a cc ch tiu pht trin chn nui, chn nui trang tri, git m tp trung vo
k hoch trung hn v hng nm, lng ghp pht trin h tng ca d n quy hoch vo
cc chng trnh pht trin ca huyn. Trin khai cc d n xy dng cc vng khuyn
khch pht trin chn nui.
e. Gii php v chnh sch khuyn khch pht trin chn nui tp trung v xc tin
di di cc c s chn nui trong vng cm nui:
- Cc chnh sch hin hu c lin quan n pht trin chn nui: Cc h chn nui
ti cc vng KKPTCN giai on I c hng chnh sch u i nht v t ai v t
xy dng chung tri theo quy nh. c h tr t ngun vay u i cho xy dng cc
cng trnh x l cht thi. Min thu v h tr tip th cho cc c s ch bin phn hu
c vi sinh t ngun cht thi trong chn nui.
20
- Nghin cu xut c chnh sch h tr cc ch trang tri tip cn c ngun

vn u i trong nc. H tr li sut vay sang nhng quyn s dng t v xy
dng chung tri v h tr 20 - 30% chi ph xy dng chung tri vi cc h di di.
- Nghin cu xut chnh sch gim thu nhp khu nguyn liu ch bin thc
n gia sc, vi bt lm biogas v cc vt t k thut c lin quan n pht trin chn nui.
C ch qun l v u t trong vng khuyn khch pht trin chn nui:
Pht trin chn nui gn vi trng trt to th pht trin nng nghip bn vng,
hiu qu kinh t i i vi bo v mi trng v nhu cu x hi. V vy, cc ch trang
tri khi u t pht trin chn nui vo vng khuyn khch pht trin chn nui c quyn
v ngha v sau y:
+ Nh nc khng thu hi t v giao t cho sn xut chn nui m cc h c
quyn chuyn nhng u t pht trin trang tri.
+ Khi xy dng chung tri, din tch xy dng so vi khun vin trang tri khng
vt qu 25% vi tri heo v khng vt qu 40% vi tri g. Din tch cn li cn c
duy tr cy lu nm (nu c), hoc trng mi, hoc ci to vn c. Trang tri phi c
hng ro theo ng quy nh.
+ Ch trang tri khng phi xin giy php xy dng nhng phi c tha thun
a im chn nui; khng chuyn mc ch s dng t nhng phi khai bo bin ng
t ai.
+ Ch trang tri c trch nhim x l cht thi, nc thi, v sinh mi trng,
ng k cam kt m bo mi trng vi phng Ti nguyn v Mi trng.
+ t trong khu quy hoch vng khuyn khch pht trin chn nui khng bt
buc phi chuyn sang chn nui, vic u t pht trin chn nui hay khng do ch s
dng t quyt nh. Nhng khuyn khch cc h chuyn sang pht trin chn nui hoc
sang nhng cho h khc pht trin chn nui.
+ Khuyn khch cc ch trang tri chn nui u t xy dng chung tri theo
hng hin i, hp l, c bit ng h theo hng xy dng chung kn.
+ UBND huyn giao vic t chc v qun l pht trin cc vng khuyn khch
pht trin chn nui cho UBND cc x, UBND cc x c th thnh lp ban qun l, hp
tc x chn nui cho cc vng khuyn khch pht trin chn nui hoc tng khu trn a
bn x, ty theo tnh hnh thc t ca a phng v c ch trang tri tham gia t t
chc qun l theo ng quy nh ca Nh nc.
+ Quy hoch vng khuyn khch pht trin chn nui s c cng b rng ri,
cng khai ti tng x trn a bn huyn. Trong ranh gii t ng bin vng khuyn
khch PTCN n cc cng trnh cng cng, nh , phi tun th theo Quyt nh
01/2008/Q-UBND (03/01/2008) ca UBND tnh ng Nai (trnh tnh trng khu chn
nui xy dng trc cc h n xy dng nh sau khiu ni v nhim mi trng).
21
CHNG III: S CN THIT PHI U T

III.1. D on nhu cu th trng
III.1.1. Tnh hnh nhu cu th trng
Do thc trng ngnh chn nui ca nc ta cn mc thp (chn nui nh b,
phn tn, theo tp tc qung canh, cha mnh dn p dng tin b khoa hc k thut, nn
sn lng trong chn nui t rt thp). Trong khi nhu cu thc phm tiu th trong
nc v xut khu ngy cng cn mt khi lng ln hn. Do vy cung khng cu
nn vic tiu th sn phm chn nui ca Trang tri trong nhng nm ti l rt kh quan.
Do nhu cu cn mt khi lng thc phm c cht lng cao ngy mt ln dn
n s pht trin ca cc c s trong tng lai, iu khng nh nhu cu v ging
heo tt trong thi gian ti l rt ln.
V iu kin a l: Xun Trng (ng Nai) c v tr a l v iu kin t nhin
thun li, cng vi nh hng chin lc pht trin ca vng v xu hng tt yu ca
chn nui cng nghip... ng Nai lun c nh gi l im n l tng cho pht
trin chn nui hng ha.
Vi iu kin ngoi cnh v iu kin kh quan nh trn kh nng tiu th sn
phm ca d n l yu t rt kh quan.
III.1.2. Kh nng cung cp ca th trng
Trong nhng nm qua thc hin ch trng i mi ca ng v Nh nc ngnh
chn nui Vit Nam c s pht trin ng k.
Tuy nhin s pht trin cha p ng c nhu cu i hi ca th trng. Ngnh
chn nui heo c nc ni chung v tnh ng Nai ni ring vn cn nhng kh khn tn
ti: quy m trang tri cn nh l, phn tn, t pht, cha c s tp trung, trnh chuyn
mn hn ch, dch bnh, sn phm thng b p gi, kh nng tip cn ngun vn vay
cn chm, cc quy nh ca nh nc v kim sot v sinh an ton thc phm, gi c v
cht lng thc n gia sc cn nhiu bt cpHn na, do c quy m nh l, phn tn,
cha c t trong quy hoch vng c th, nn gp nhiu kh khn, nh vng mc v
cc vn mi trng, php l cng nh s phn ng ca nhn dn trong khu vc do nh
hng n dn sinh.
Do , kh nng cung cp ca th trng cn rt nhiu hn ch.
III.2. Tnh kh thi ca d n
Trn c s cc thng tin phn tch trn, c th thy rng:
- Do chn nui hp tc vi Cng ty C phn chn nui nn u vo v con ging,
ngun thc n, dy chuyn cng ngh chn nui cng nh sn phm u ra u c
m bo.
- Vi v tr a l v iu kin thun li ca , ng Nai hin nay v trong mc tiu
pht trin chn nui chung ca c nc, khu vc ca D n s c quy hoch vi tnh
cht l mt trong nhng khu chn nui c quy m ln nht s tr thnh mt xch quan
22
trng trong vic thc hin chnh sch ca tnh ng Nai v vic pht trin ngnh chn
nui c quy m ln.
Hin nay, ngnh chn nui Vit Nam vn cha tht s tr thnh ngnh kinh t mi
nhn. Vic xut hin mt D n vi quy m v hnh thc mi m u cho qu trnh pht
trin ngnh chn nui ca Vit Nam ni chung v ng Nai ni ring.
D n c thnh lp hon ton ph hp vi nhu cu hin ti cng nh chnh sch
v ng li i mi pht trin ca huyn , tnh ng Nai.
Vic u t xy dng D n ti a phng s nh hng trc tip ti cng cuc
chuyn dch c cu kinh t, xo i gim ngho ca a phng ni ring v tnh ng
Nai ni chung, ng thi to pht trin ngnh chn nui ca tnh, ng gp ng k
vo tin trnh cng nghip ho - hin i ho t nc.
Tm li, D n c thc hin hon ton ph hp vi nhu cu hin ti cng nh
chin lc pht trin kinh t - x hi ca tnh v Nh nc. Vic u t xy dng Trang
tri chn nui heo l hon ton ph hp vi cc iu kin khch quan v ch quan trn
a bn tnh ng Nai, gp phn gii quyt cng n vic lm cho ngi lao ng a
phng, em li nhiu hiu qu c v mt kinh t ln x hi cho tnh ng Nai ni ring
v cho c nc ni chung.
23
CHNG IV: GII PHP THC HIN

IV.1. a im xy dng
IV.1.1. V tr xy dng
Khu vc xy dng d n nm p Gia Ha X Xun Trng Huyn Tnh
ng Nai
Hnh: V tr xy dng Trang tri chn nui heo
IV.1.2. iu kin t nhin

a hnh
thuc dng a hnh cao nguyn t , thp dn v pha ng Bc. dc trung
bnh t 3-50c. cao trung bnh so vi mt nc bin khong 150m. cao nh nht l
100m (Sui Rt) v gc ng Bc, cao nht 444m (nh ni Hang Di) pha Ty Nam.
V pha ng v ng Bc a hnh thoi v thp dn kh bng phng, t b phn cch.
Kh hu
- Khu t xy dng nm trong khu vc x Xun Trng huyn tnh ng Nai
c kh hu nhit i gi ma cn xch o, c c im ging kh hu ca TP. H Ch
Minh vi 2 ma tng phn nhau r rt trong nm:
+ Ma ma t thng 5 n thng 11.
+ Ma nng t thng 12 n thng thng 4 nm sau.
24
- Nhit trung bnh nm l 27oC.

+ Thng c nhit cao nht l thng 5 : 38oC.
+ Thng c nhit thp nht l thng 12 : 15oC.
- m bin thin theo ma, t l nghch vi ch nhit m trung bnh nm
77%.
- Ch ma :
+ Lng ma trung bnh hng nm l 1958mm/nm, tp trung vo cc thng 6, 7,
8, 9, 10, s ngy ma bnh qun hng nm l 159 ngy.
+ Lng ma cao nht l 2318mm/nm.
+ Lng ma nh nht l 1392mm/nm.
- Ch nng :
+ Tng s gi nng trong nm = 2600 - 2700 gi/nm. Trung bnh mi thng c
220 gi nng.
+ Thng ma kh c tng s gi nng chim 60% gi nng trong nm.
+ Thng 3 c gi nng cao nht, khong 300 gi.
+ Thng 8 c s gi nng thp nht khong 140 gi.
- Ch gi: Hng gi ch yu l hng ng Nam v Ty Nam. i km theo
hai ma kh v ma.
+ Gi thnh hnh trong ma kh l gi ng Nam c tn sut 30 - 40%.
+ Gi thnh hnh trong ma ma l gi Ty Nam tn sut 66%, tc gi trung
bnh l 10-15m/s mnh nht 22.6m/s. Khu vc t chu nh hng ca bo, nhng thng
xy ra cc hin tng ging git v l qut.
Thy vn:
Mng li thy vn trong vng km pht trin, ch c mt h thng sng sui bt
ngun t pha Ty, Ty Nam chy ra hng ng, ng Bc gm Sui Ct, sui Gia
Liu, sui Rt, sui Hp v sui Bn. Cc sui c dng chy kh thng, dc nh,
mt ct qua sui thng c dng ch V hoc U.
T nm 1986 nc cc sui khng cn c quanh nm na m ch c nc vo
ma ma n u ma kh.
IV.2. Quy m u t
- Tng din tch: 171,819m2
- S lng heo hu b: 12,000 con
- S lng heo ni: 2,400 con
IV.3. Quy hoch xy dng
IV.3.1. B tr mt bng xy dng
Ton b khu vc xy dng D n c din tch 171,819m2. Mt bng tng th ca
D n c chia thnh cc khu nh sau:
+ Xy dng h thng ng cng v ni b lin hon cho ton b khu vc nm
trong quy hoch ca D n.
25
+ Xy dng h thng cng trnh chung tri, nh iu hnh, khu bo v, trm in,
trm x l nc thi phc v chn nui.
+ Trng cy xanh to cnh quan, tng hiu qu kinh t v c bit l bo v mi
trng cho ton b khu vc.
+ Xy dng h thng cung cp nc sch, thot nc v x l nc thi m bo
an ton v sinh mi trng trong khu vc v vng ph cn.
+ Xy dng h thng phng chng chy, m bo an ton cho D n.
+ Lp ranh gii bng ro chn phn nh khu vc D n.
IV.3.2. Nguyn tc xy dng cng trnh
Cc hng mc cng trnh s c b tr theo nhng nguyn tc sau:
+ B tr thun tin cho vic phi hp hot ng gia cc b phn trong khu vc D
n.
+ Thun tin cho vic pht trin, m rng D n sau ny.
+ Tit kim t xy dng nhng vn m bo s thng thong ca cc khu tri chn
nui.
+ Tun th cc quy nh v quy hoch, kin trc, xy dng ca a phng v Nh
Nc ban hnh.
+ To dng v kin trc ph hp vi cnh quan ca khu chn nui tp trung.
V mt kin trc, cc tri trong c s s c thit k nh sau:
- Mi tri:
+ Lp tole sng vung mu, dy 0.42mm, kh 1.7m
+ V ko thp hnh V40x40x4, bn m dy 8mm
+ X g thp hnh C40x80x2.5, khong cch a=900
+ Sn trn ngang la phng thp hp 30x30x3
+ Sn trn dc la phng thp hp 30x20x1.5
+ ng trn la phng tole lnh mu, dy 0.42mm
- Nn:
+ B tng 1x2 mc #200, dy 100
+Va lng nn to b mt nhm chng trt
+ dc i: 3%
+ Lp t m k
+ Lp t t nhin lm sch c
IV.3.3. Yu cu k thut khi xy dng D n
- i vi tri heo ni: Chung tri phi cao ro, sch s, thong mt. Cch ly vi
mi trng xung quanh trnh ly lan dch bnh. To iu kin thun li cho ngi lao
ng nui dng chm sc n heo c tt, tng nng xut lao ng t hiu qu kinh
t cao.
- i vi tri heo hu b: Chung tri phi cao ro, sch s thong mt, m p
trong ma ng v thong mt trong ma H. Hn ch ti a vic tm heo v ra
chung, chung phi lun kh ro nhng vn phi m bo thong mt, gim ti a
cc bnh v h hp. Cch ly phn no vi mi trng xung quanh trnh ly lan dch
26
bnh. To iu kin thun li cho ngi lao ng nui dng, chm sc n heo c tt
hn.
- m bo cc quy nh v an ton trong hot ng kinh doanh, lao ng v
phng chy cha chy.
IV.3.4. Cc hng mc cng trnh
- Hng mc tri heo ni
Hng mc
S lng
n v
Nh heo ni
Nh heo mang thai
Nh heo nc+ Phng pha ch tinh
Nh cch ly
Cng tng ro
Nh bo v
Nh k thut
Nh cng nhn
Nh n
Nh xe
B nc sinh hot
Nh st trng xe
Nh iu hnh
Nh phi
Nh my pht in
Nh ngh tra
Kho cm heo
B xut nhp heo
B cha nc 360 m3, thp nc
40m3
Silo cm
6
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
nh
nh
nh
nh
T.b
T.b
nh
nh
nh
nh
B
nh
nh
nh
nh
nh
nh
B
B ngm ra an
Hm Biogas
Hm
Ao x l nc thi
Ao
Nh phn
nh
Sn phi phn
Sn
H phn hy rc
Kho dng c
nh
27
Sn bng chuyn
Sn
S lng
n v
Nh
6
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
6
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
Nh
T.b
Nh
Nh
Nh
Nh
Ci
Ci
Nh
Nh
Nh
Nh
Nh
Nh
Nh
Nh
B
Ci
Ci
Ci
Ci
Nh
Ci
Ci
Nh
Nh
Hng mc tri heo hu b

Hng mc
Khu nh hu b s 1
Khu nh hu b s 2 (nh nui heo
tht)
Cng tng ro
Nh xe
Nh k thut
Nh cng nhn
Nh n + bp
Thp nc sinh hot 2m3
Sn bng chuyn
Nh st trng xe
Nh iu hnh
Nh phi
Nh t my pht in
Nh ngh tra
Kho dng c
Kho cm heo con
Kho cm
B xut nhp heo
B nc 350m3, thp 20m3
B ngm ra an
Hm biogas
Ao x l nc thi s 3
Nh cn heo
H hy xc
Sn phi phn
Nh bo v
Nh phn
IV.4. Hnh thc chn nui

Mt trong nhng bc u tin quan trng trong vic nui dng n heo ni sinh
sn t nng sut cao chnh l cng tc chn lc v nui dng heo ni hu b...
V vy cn phi tuyn la v chm sc nhng ni lm hu b ng cch th mi
pht huy ht sc sinh trng, sinh sn trong tng lai.
IV.4.1. Chn lc v theo di heo ni hu b
28
a. Lc cai sa:
Chn lc vo thi im ny cn da vo gia ph, thnh tch sinh sn ca b m,
ng b v ngoi hnh ca heo con. Nn chn nhng con b bm, tng trng tt, tri nht
trong n, khng c nhng khuyt tt, d hnh, b phn sinh dc khng bt thng, s v
t 12 tr ln, cc v cch nhau u. Heo lanh li khng r, bnh tt.
b. Lc 60 70 ngy tui:
Tip tc chn la trong s nhng con c tuyn ca ln 1 da trn cc ch tiu
v ngoi hnh, s tng trng v sc khe chuyn qua khu nui lm ging, nhng con
cn li khng t s chuyn sang nui bn tht.
c. Lc 4 6 thng tui:
Thi k ny tuyn chn cng da vo sc sinh trng, s pht trin tm vc. Nu
c cc d tt s d dng nhn ra. Ta c th so snh xp cp ph im theo tiu chun nh
sn bn di.
Bng tiu chun ngoi hnh ca heo ni hu b (Ngun: www.vcn.vn)
STT
B phn
u im
c im ging biu hin r. C th pht trin cn
c im ging, th cht, i, chc chn, khe mnh, mp va phi. Lng da
1
lng da
bng mt. Tnh tnh nhanh nhn nhng khng
hung d.
Vai n y n, khng xui hp. Ngc su rng,
2
Vai v ngc
khng lp.
Lng thng, di va phi, sn su, trn. Bng
3
Lng sn v bng
khng s. Bng v sn kt hp chc chn.
4
Mng v i sau
Bn chn
V v b phn sinh dc
Mng trn, rng v di va phi. i y n, t

nhn.
Bn chn tng i thng, khng qu to nhng
cng khng qu nh. Khong cch gia 2 chn
trc v hai chn sau va phi. Mng khng t. i
ng t nhin. i bng mng chn.
C 12 v tr ln, khong cch gia cc v u
nhau. B phn sinh dc y n, pht trin tt.
d. Lc 7 10 thng tui:
y l giai on quyt nh s chn lc cui cng. Ngoi nhng yu t ngoi hnh
c cp trn, thi im ny cn ch n nhng biu hin ng dc ln u,
cng ng dc ln u mnh hay yu, l r hay m thm. iu ny s cho thy kh
nng pht dc ca ni trong tng lai (ni qu mp, b v xu, qu nht nht hay qu
hung d, khng biu l ng dc n 10 thng th nn loi thi).
29
2. Dinh dng
- Heo t giai on cai sa n 70 90 kg cho n t do theo chng trnh dinh
dng dnh cho heo con. Khi t 70 90 kg tr ln th chuyn qua s dng thc n cho
heo ni nui con ti thi im phi ging th dng. V y l giai on heo hu b pht
trin khung xng, hnh dng nn cn dinh dng ti a to ra heo hu b p, khung
xng chu pht trin tt trnh tnh trng sau ny heo kh do qu mp hoc qu m.
- Thc n phi m bo cc dng cht cho nhu cu ca heo trong giai on
ny. Trc khi cho heo n cn phi kim tra thc n trnh tnh trng nm mc, c t,
hoocmon kch thch tng trng, melanine... c t trong thc n c coi l k th giu
mt v thng khng c nhng biu hin r rt ra bn ngoi nhng li c nh hng ti
vic pht dc ca hu b nh: chm ng dc, bung trng khng pht trin, trng hp
nng hn l v sinh, thm ch lm heo b ng c.
3. Mi trng nui dng
- Chung nui heo hu b phi thong mt, c dc thot nc d dng, c
nhm va , khng trn trt hay g gh v s lm h mng. Thit k chung sao cho
heo khng b lnh vo ma ng, khng b nng vo ma h.
- Khng nui nht qu cht hp, nu nui chung cn ch n s tng ng
tm vc.
- Thi gian chiu sng cn thit trong ngy ca chung nui heo hu b l 16 gi.
- Cho heo hu b tip xc vi nc vo khong 150 ngy tui, nn chn nc c
kinh nghim v tnh hng cao v cho tip xc 10 15 pht mi ngy.
- Tui phi ging l 7.5 8 thng sau ln ln ging th 2. dy m lng 20 22
mm, trng lng l 120 130 kg.
4. Cng tc th y
- Trc khi phi ging 2 3 tun cn phi thc hin chng trnh vaccine.
Chng trnh tim phng c khuyn co nh sau: Dch t, L mm long mng, Gi
di, Parvovirus, c th tim vaccine: PRRS, Circovirus Typ2 ( khng bt but )
- Ty k sinh trng: Ivermectin, Doramectin
- Khng sinh: trnh nh hng v sau ta nn nh k s dng (trn vo trong
thc n) phng nga trit bnh ho v vim phi.
30
IV.4.2. Quy trnh chm sc v nui dng heo c ging

Hiu qu chn nui ca mt trang tri ph thuc vo cc yu t chnh nh con
ging, chi ph thc n, chi ph qun l, chi ph th y...
Trong yu t con ging ng vai tr c bn nht v s gy nh hng ln n
vic ci thin kh nng sn xut ca th h sau. Vi tnh hnh hin nay khi m gi thc n
chn nui ngy cng tng, ng gp vo vic ct gim chi ph thc n v nng cao
hiu qu chn nui th cn phi quan tm n con ging nhiu hn na.
Mt con heo c ging tt s mang li hiu qu kinh t cao hn nhiu so vi mt
con ni tt, nht l trong iu kin hin nay ang p dng ph bin k thut gieo tinh
nhn to. C th, mi nm mt con c ging tt c th truyn nhng thng tin di truyn
v cc tnh trng kinh t nh: tng trng bnh qun/ngy (ADG) cao; tiu tn thc n
(FCR) thp... cho hng ngn con th h sau, trong khi mt ni tt ch c th truyn cho
khong 20 heo con m thi. Do nui dng v khai thc s dng thnh cng heo
c ging th ngi chn nui cn ch nhng yu t sau:
1. Chn heo:
a. Chn ging heo: Vic chn ging ph thuc vo nhng yu t sau:
- Cht lng ca ging: cn chn ging heo mang c tnh ci tin cao, nng sut
vt tri so vi nhng ging heo trc.
- Th hiu ca ngi chn nui heo ni trong khu vc bao gm mu sc da lng
ca c ging, tnh cht ph hp ca ging c ph hp khng, kh nng p ng nhu cu
ci tin.
- Hiu r ngun gc ca n heo ni trong khu vc c chng trnh phi ging
hoc gieo tinh cho ph hp, phng nga xy ra hin tng ng huyt hoc cn huyt
lm nh hng xu n nng sut ca n heo.
- Ngoi ra phi da vo c s vt cht v trnh k thut chn nui m tri mnh
hin c.
b. Chn heo ging
Chn heo ging cn da vo c im ngoi hnh, kh nng sinh trng, pht dc,
nng sut, gia ph v qui trnh nui.
- Cn c vo ngoi hnh, th cht: Chn con kho mnh v tt nht trong n.
Hnh dng mu sc ng vi ging cn chn. Th cht cn i, vai lng rng, mng n,
chn cao thng, to khe, rn chc, i bng mng (khng i bn). Tuyt i khng chn
nhng con c c chn i xiu vo, d dng khc thng (vng king, chn qu hp,
yu). Chn heo c c v u v cch xa nhau, c t nht 6 cpv tr ln, dch hon pht
trin u hai bn, b phn sinh dc khng d tt.
- Cn c vo kh nng sinh trng, pht dc: m bo tiu chun ca phm
ging theo tng giai on nht nh (xem thm bi K Thut Chn Ging Heo)
- Cn c vo nng sut: Da vo cc ch tiu sau: Tc tng trng (ADG),
dy m lng (BF), tiu tn thc n (FCR), t l nc, thnh phn thn tht, cht lng tht:
mu sc, mi v, cm quan..
31
- Cn c vo gia ph: Vic xem l lch ng b, cha m l rt cn thit. Nhng

quy nh tiu chun cho dng cha m ging tt l nhiu nc, t m, dy m lng mng
(di 3 cm), di n, i v mng to, t l tht x trn 55%. Chn t n c heo m sai
t 10 - 12 con/la, trng lng sau cai sa t 15 kg tr ln 45 ngy tui, thc n tiu
tn t t 3,2 3,5 kg thc n/kg tng trng, phm n, chu ng tt vi kh hu nng, m
a phng. Lng tinh dch mi ln xut 15 n 50cc.
- Cn c vo qui trnh nui: Heo ging phi c nui theo qui trnh kim sot
dch bnh nghim ngt phng nga dch bnh ly lan trong khu vc nh dch t,
thng hn, suyn, sy thai truyn nhim...
* Lu : Sau khi chn c heo c lm ging th cht lng sn xut ca heo
c ging ph thuc rt nhiu vo qu trnh chn lc giai on hu b v ngay c
trong giai on lm vic. Vic chn lc v loi thi kp thi nhng heo c ging khng
t yu cu s gip ngi chn nui gim rt ng k chi ph u t cho vic nui dng
v chm sc. Nn ngi chn nui cn tin hnh nh gi v chn lc heo c ging 2
giai on quan trng sau:
+ Giai on 1: Khi heo bt u pht dc: Khong 3,5 4 thng tui, trng lng
khong 40 60 kg, ty theo ging ngoi hay lai. Tin hnh kim tra ngoi hnh, tc
tng trng, bnh tt..
+ Giai on 2: Khi heo bt u phi ging: tin hnh kim tra ngoi hnh, tinh
hon, tnh dc, tnh tnh...
Qua cc ln kim tra nh vy ch chn li nhng con c c ngoi hnh v sc
khe tt, tnh dc mnh, tnh tnh d hun luyn...
2. Dinh dng cho c ging
C 2 ch tiu c ch nhiu nht trong dinh dng ni chung l protein th
v nng lng. i vi heo c ging th vic nh mc lng protein th v nng lng
n vo l rt quan trng v n nh hng n cht lng v thi gian s dng heo c
ging. Ta c th chia lm 3 giai on dinh dng khi nui heo c ging nh sau:
a. Giai on 1: (t khong 30 50 kg)
Giai on ny cn cho heo c ln nhanh, pht trin tt khung xng v cc c
quan sinh dc. V vy i hi thc n phi c cht lng cao, cho n t do. Giai on ny
cn ch n nhiu cc khong cht ca thc n (mt s khong c vai tr rt quan trng
trong qu trnh pht trin tnh dc ca heo c ging nh: selen, km, mangan, iot).
b. Giai on 2: (t khong 50 kg n khi phi ging)
Giai on ny heo c ging pht trin nhanh cc m m gy nhiu bt li trong
qu trnh s dng c ging nh: s di chuyn phi ging hoc ly tinh gp kh khn,
m d s tch t quanh cc c quan ni tng dn n qu trnh tiu ha v s dng thc
n km gy thiu dng cht cho qu trnh hnh thnh tinh dch v sn sinh tinh trng, v
m d ny cng s tch t quanh cc tuyn ni tit, trong c tuyn no thy v tuyn
thng thn (2 tuyn ni tit c lin quan trc tip n cc hot ng tnh dc ca c
ging), m c ch hot ng ca cc tuyn ny, gy nh hng n kh nng lm vic
ca c ging. V vy phng nga mp m th giai on ny cn phi cho n nh
32
lng, bn cnh cng cn ch nhiu n hm lng v cht lng ca m v cc

acid amin.
c. Giai on 3: (giai on khai thc)
Vic nh mc lng protein th v nng lng n vo l rt cn thit. Da vo
bng di y, ta c th nh mc 2 ch tiu y cho mt heo c ging n vo trong 1
ngy m nh sau:
Ging
Trng lng heo
Nng lng ME
Protein th CP
(kg)
(Kcal)
(gram)
Ging heo ni
61 70
5.000
352
71 80
6.000
384
81 90
6.250
400
Ging heo ngoi
140 160
9.000
600
167 180
9.500
633
181 200
10.000
667
201 - 250
11.500
767
Ngun: K thut nc ha n heo. NXB Tr - 2002
giai on ny cng cn ch n kt qu ca cc ln phi ging iu chnh
ch dinh dng thch hp. Ngoi ra nn nh k b sung premix vitamin E cho c
ging.
3. K thut chm sc nui dng c ging
Mun nng cao s lng v cht lng tinh dch, ngoi nui dng tt cn phi c
ch chm sc hp l. C th nh sau:
- Chung tri phi tht kh ro, sch s, m v ma ng, thong mt v ma h,
c xy dng mt khu ring bit, xa chung heo ni, b tr trc hng gi so vi
chung heo ni sinh sn. Chung c th lm 1 dy hoc 2 dy, din tch bnh qun
khong 6m2/1 heo c ging.
- Nn cho heo c vn ng thng xuyn c thn th chc khe v kh nng
nhy gi tt, nng cao phm cht tinh dch, tng tnh hng, tng qu trnh trao i cht,
bng gn, chn khe, trnh bo ph. Cn c ch vn ng thch hp ty theo iu kin
kh hu thi tit v mc n ung m c s thay i. Trc ma chun b giao phi nn
cho c ging tng cng vn ng, trong ma s dng giao phi nn cho heo vn ng
va phi.
- Thi tit mt m s nh hng ln ti phm cht tinh dch. Qua nghin cu cho
thy t thng 1 n thng 4 c nhit thch hp (25C) l thi gian heo c c lng
tinh dch cao, phm cht tinh dch tt, t l th thai cao. Nn thng xuyn tm chi cho
heo lun sch, xt mt b phn sinh dc, trnh kh hu hm nng lm x ti da dch
hon. Vic v sinh cho heo c s lm tng qu trnh bi tit, trao i cht, tng cng
cc hot ng v tnh dc, tnh thm n, trnh c mt s bnh ngoi da, ng thi qua
ta d lm quen vi heo hn, to iu kin thun li trong vic hun luyn v s dng.
- Lch tim phng cho heo c ging:
33
S ln
Vaccine
1 ln/ nm
Dch t
2 ln/ nm
FMD
2 ln/ nm
Aujeszky
2 ln/ nm
PRRS
- nh k kim tra phm cht tinh dch, th trng v tnh trng sc khe ca c
ging, t ta c th iu chnh ch nui dng chm sc cho hp l. i vi nhng
c ging trng thnh th trng lng qua cc thng khng thay i nhiu, nhng vi
heo c cn non th yu cu trng lng tng dn cc thng ng thi c th phi rn
chc, khe mnh khng c qu bo, qu gy. Vic kim tra cc ch tiu sinh l hnh
thi ca tinh dch hng ngy pht hin kp thi nhng thay i v th tch (V), mu
sc, mi v v hnh dng tinh trng. Cc ch tiu cn kim tra nh k nh:
+ Th tch mt ln xut tinh: trung bnh mi ln xut tinh i vi heo ngoi t
200 300 ml.
+ Nng (C): s tinh trng trong mi cm3 l 100.000.000 n 3000.000.000
+ Hot lc (A): s tinh trng tin thng phi trn 75%
Nu kim tra mu tinh thy c trng nh sa th l cha nhiu tinh trng,
trng trong l cha t tinh trng, nu tinh c mu bt thng nh mu vng, nu, c mu..
th phi ngng cho giao phi vi ni v nht ring theo di.
Cn kim tra s pht trin ca dch hon trong sut thi k s dng c, nu dch
hon khng u nhau, hoc mt trong hai pht trin to hn, hoc teo nh th phi nui
nht ring theo di.
4. K thut hun luyn v s dng c ging
a. Hun luyn:
- Vic hun luyn ng vai tr quan trng trong vic khai thc v s dng heo c
ging, nht l hun luyn ly tinh cho vic gieo tinh nhn to. Nu quy trnh hun
luyn khng ph hp c th gy xo trn kh nng tnh dc ca heo, gy nh hng n
nng sut sn xut. Cn ch 2 yu t chnh khi tin hnh hun luyn c ging:
+ V th trng: thng thng tin hnh hun luyn khi heo ging ngoi t 100
120 kg, heo lai t 80 90 kg, khong 5 6 thng.
+ V phn x tnh dc: Khi th trng t v phi kt hp vi cc biu hin tnh dc
ca c ging (hiu ng, thng nhy ln con khc)
- Phng php hun luyn thng thng l con c t tham quan con c thnh
thc phi ging trc tip hoc nhy gi. Khi cho c t phi ging phi ch ghp phi
vi nhng ni c tng ng tm vc, ang giai on m , ni hin khng hung d
cn c, lm c hong s. Trnh cho c thp phi vi ni cao chn hoc c cao chn
phi vi ni thp. Sau khi phi ging trc tip thnh thc c th tp cho c nhy gi ly
tinh (dng dch tit m h ni ng dc bi ln gi nhy).
34
- Heo c hung hng hoc nht nht trong khi a i phi cn lu hun luyn li
hoc cho loi thi. Nhng c gi c rng nanh di bn nhn cn ch khng lm chng
hung hng tn cng ngi chm sc hoc ni khi i phi.
b. S dng
- Nu phi ging trc tip th 1 c c kh nng phi tinh cho 25 - 30 ci. Nu
th tinh nhn to th mt c c th phi ging cho 200 - 250 ci.
- Khong cch gia 2 ln phi ging ca c ging ph thuc rt nhiu vo tui,
ch dinh dng v iu kin thi tit thc t ca khu vc. Thng thng, nu nui heo
c ging ng qui trnh th nm u tin heo c kh nng phi ging cao nht v cht
lng cng tt hn so vi heo mi bt u lm vic v heo c gi.
- Tn sut phi ging ca heo c ging c th da trn tui nh sau:
Heo t 8 - 12 thng tui: phi 2- 3 ln/ tun.
Heo t 12 - 24 thng tui: phi 3-4 ln/ tun.
Heo t 24 thng tui tr ln: phi 2-3/ tun.
Nu Th Tinh Nhn To th mt tun ch nn ly tinh 2 - 3 ln.
* Ch : Nu s dng heo phi trc tip phi c ni bng phng, khng g gh,
yn tnh. Khi cho heo giao phi hoc ly tinh xong v cho heo ngh ngi 30 - 60 pht mi
cho n. Khi n no khng cho giao phi. Nn ch ly tinh, hoc cho giao phi lc tri mt
(vo sng sm). Thi gian s dng c ni l khong 3 nm, c ngoi 2 nm. Khng
nn s dng c ging qu lu v n s lm gim kh nng ci to i sau l d gy nn
hin tng ng huyt gn. Theo kinh nghim s dng heo c ging mt s nc nh
c, M th vic s dng heo c ging nn trong thi gian 1,5 2 nm, nn s dng c
ging tr nng cao sc ci to ging.
c. Qun l c ging
- Qun l c ging c vai tr rt quan trng trong chng trnh pht trin v lai
to ging ca n heo cho c mt quc gia hay c mt khu vc. Nu vic qun l ny
khng tt th nguy c b cn huyt hoc ng huyt rt d xy ra, gy thit hi nghim
trng n vic chn nui heo. Thng thng c 2 ch tiu quan trng cn ghi chp cn
thn:
- S l lch: s ny ghi chp li cc s liu nh: gia ph, ngun gc, cc ch tiu
sinh trng ( tng trng, mc n..), ch tiu sinh sn (tui bt u phi, nng sut..), cc
s liu v tim phng v cc tc ng th y khc (bnh tt..)
- S phi ging: s ny ghi li cc s liu nh ngy phi ging, l lch ca ni m
c phi, kt qu ca nhng ln phi.
IV.5. Cc ging heo ng b nui trong tri (1 mu):
IV.5.1. Ging ln Yorkshire
Ging ln Yorkshire c hnh thnh vng Yorkshire ca nc Anh.
- Ln Yorkshire c lng trng nh vng (cng c mt s con m en), u c hi
nh v di, mm thng v di, mt rng, tai to trung bnh v hng v pha trc, mnh
di lng hi cong, bng gn chn di chc chn, c 14 v.
35
- Ln Yorkshire c tc sinh trng pht dc nhanh, khi lng khi trng

thnh ln ti 300kg (con c), 250kg (con ci).
- Ln Yorkshire c mc tng khi lng bnh qun 700g/con/ngy, tiu tn thc
n trung bnh khong 3.0kg/kg tng khi lng, t l nc 56%.
- Ln c kh nng sinh sn cao, trung bnh 10 12 con/la, khi lng s sinh
trung bnh 1.2kg/con.
IV.5.2. Ging ln Landrace
Ging ln ny c to ra an Mch (1895).
- Ln c nng sut cao, sinh trng nhanh, tiu tn thc n 3,0kg/kg tng khi
lng, tng khi lng bnh qun 750g/con/ngy, t l nc 59%. Khi lng ln trng
thnh c th ln ti 320kg con c v 250 con ci.
- Ln Landrace c kh nng sinh sn kh cao v nui con kho.
y l ging ln chuyn hng nc v c dng lai kinh t. Cc cng thc lai ch
yu hin nay l:
+ Ln c Landrace x Ln ni Mng Ci (hoc ln a phng) ly con cai F1
nui tht.
+ Ln c Landrace x Ln F1 (cng thc trn) ly con lai F2 c mu ngoi nui
tht cho khi lng lc 6 thng tui t 100kg, t l nc 48%.
IV.5.3. Ging ln Duroc Jersey
Ging ln Duroc Jersey c hnh thnh khu vc min ng ca nc M vo
khong nhng nm 1860.
- Ln c mu lng , bao gm nht n mu sm, c thn hnh to ln vng
chc, cao, tai to ngn, pha u tai gp v pha trc, mng vai pht trin n nang, y
n.
- L ging ln c t l nc cao
- Ln Duroc c kh nng sinh sn trung bnh. bnh qun 1,8la/nm; 9con/la;
1,3kg/ln s sinh. Tui phi ging ln u 314ngy, khi lng phi ging 160kg, chu
k ng dc 20ngy, thi gian ng dc 4-5 ngy.
- Ln cam chu kham kh tt.
IV.5.4. Ging ln Pietrain
Ging ln Pietrain c xut x t nc B (1920).
- Ln c mu lng da trng en xen ln tng m, tai thng ng, u to va phi,
mm thng, bn chn thng, mng rt n, lng rng, i to. Ln Pietrain l in hnh v
vt lang en trng khng n nh trn lng da, nhng nng sut n nh.
- L ging ln hng nc, tc sinh trng nhanh, kh nng tng khi lng
giai on 35 90kg l 770g/con/ngy, tiu tn thc n/kg khi lng l 2,6kg. T l nc
cao 65%.
- Ln c tui 418 ngy, khong cch gia 2 la l 165 ngy.
36
CHNG V: NH GI TC NG MI TRNG
V.1. nh gi tc ng mi trng
V.1.1. Gii thiu chung
Xy dng Trang tri chn nui heo , p Gia Ha, x Xun Trng, huyn , tnh
ng Nai vi din tch xy dng 171,819 m2 .
Mc ch ca nh gi tc ng mi trng l xem xt nh gi nhng yu t tch
cc v tiu cc nh hng n mi trng trong xy dng trang tri v khu vc ln cn,
t a ra cc gii php khc phc, gim thiu nhim nng cao cht lng mi
trng hn ch nhng tc ng ri ro cho mi trng v cho xy dng trang tri khi d
n c thc thi, p ng c cc yu cu v tiu chun mi trng.
V.1.2. Cc quy nh v cc hng dn v mi trng
Cc c s php l
- Lut u t 2005 c k hp th 8 Quc hi kho XI thng qua ngy 29 thng

11 nm 2005;
- Ngh nh s 108/2006/N-CP ngy 22/9/2006 ca Chnh ph v vic quy nh
chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut u t;
- Lut Bo v mi trng 2005 c k hp th 8 Quc hi kho XI thng qua
ngy 19/11/2005;
- Ngh nh s 80/2006/N-CP ngy 9/8/2006 ca Chnh ph v vic quy nh chi
tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut Bo v mi trng;
- Ngh nh s 21/2008/N-CP ngy 28/02/2008 ca Chnh ph sa i, b sung
mt s iu ca Ngh nh s 80/2006/N-CP;
- Ngh nh 81/2006/N-CP ngy 9/8/2006 ca Chnh ph quy nh v x pht vi
phm hnh chnh trong lnh vc bo v mi trng;
- Thng t s 08/2006/TT-BTNMT ngy 8/9/2006 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi
trng hng dn v nh gi mi trng chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng v
cam kt bo v mi trng;
- Ngh nh s 59/2007/N-CP ngy 9/4/2007 ca Chnh ph v qun l cht thi
rn;
- Ngh nh s 149/2004/N-CP ngy 27/7/2004 ca Chnh ph quy nh vic cp
php thm d, khai thc, s dng ti nguyn nc, x nc thi vo ngun nc;
- Quyt nh s 22/2006/Q-BTNMT ngy 18/12/2006 ca B trng B Ti
nguyn v Mi trng v vic bt buc p dng tiu chun Vit Nam v mi trng;
- Cc vn bn php l v bo v mi trng ca a phng ni thc hin d n;
- Cc vn bn php l lin quan n vic thc hin d n.
C s k thut
- WHO - Assessment of sources of air, water, and land pollution, A guide to rapid
37
- source inventory techniques and their use in formulating environmental control

strategies. Part 1: Rapid Inventory Techniques in Environmental Pollution. Geneva,
Switzerland, 1993;
- Cc kt qu nghin cu c v cht thi vt nui;
V.2. Cc tc ng ca mi trng
V.2.1. Trong qu trnh xy dng
Trong khu vc d n hin ti dn c sinh sng cn mt tha tht khng c
du hiu nhim mi trng. Tuy nhin trong qu trnh thi cng v xy lp, bi v ting
n l hai yu t nh hng ng k nht n mi trng trong khu vc. khc phc cc
tc ng ny, ch u t v cc n v tham gia thi cng d n cn thc hin cc bin
php.
Cc xe ch vt liu phi c che ph cn thn theo ng qui nh ca a phng
ni d n thc hin. Vt liu tp kt ti khu cng trng cng c che ph trnh gi
v khng kh.
Tuyn ng vo khu vc thi cng cn c phun nc thng xuyn hn ch
ti a bi.
C k hoch thi cng hp l nhm hn ch nh hng ca ting n ti sinh hot
ca ngi dn ni c d n. Khng s dng cc phng tin c gii chuyn ch vo ban
m trnh gy ting n nh hng n i sng ca dn c trong khu vc ln cn.
Phng tin thi cng cn c la chn trnh s dng thit b, my mc lc hu sinh
nhiu khi, bi v ting n lm nhim mi trng.
V.2.2. Trong giai on sn xut
Tc ng v hiu qu mi trng
Chn nui heo theo quy m ln v tp trung s to ra ngun phn hu c ln. Tuy
nhin ngun phn ny nu khng c x l hp l c th s gy nh hng bt li cho
cc h gia nh xung quanh, cc c s chn nui, c bit l c s ln cn xy dng h
thng thu gom phn v x l nc thi, xy dng hm Biogas tn dng ngun nng
lng.
Pht trin chn nui gp phn chuyn i c cu cy trng hp l, to ra nhiu
vng chuyn canh c nng sut cao, khai thc hp l v hiu qu mi tim nng, th
mnh ca a phng, bo m mi trng sinh thi bn vng.
To ra ngun phn hu c c cht lng cao, tng cao nng sut cy trng v
ph nhiu ca t.
Phng n x l mi trng
- Phn ly ra mt phn x l bng phng php Biogas to ra kh ga phc v
sn xut tinh heoging, x l th y v phc v sinh hot khc ca tri
- Nc thi: Lng lc qua h thng x l trc khi a ra h thng sng ngi.
- Phn phn kh: Phn heo c dn kh, mt phn c a vo hm Biogas
ly kh ga phc v sn xut, x l th y v phc v sinh hot khc ca tri. Phn cn
38
li s c x l bng phng php sinh hc hoc phn cn li c th sy kh p thnh

bnh lm phn bn cho cy cy cao su.
- Phn phn nc: Ton b nc tiu v nc ra chung c a v hm cha
Biogas, qua cc hm x l nc thi khc nhau v x dng ch phm vi sinh khu vc
chung tri kh mi v phn hy nhanh cht hu c d tha trc khi a ra s dng
cho cy trng.
- Hng ngy x dng cc h thng bm ra chung tri hin i c cng xut cao
lm v sinh chung tri. Hng tun tin hnh phun cc ch phm vi sinh khu vc
chung tri kh mi. nh k tin hnh phun thuc kh trng cho chung tri, ct c
sch s tiu dit ni sn sinh ra rui, mui.
- Trng cy xanh khu vc chung tri, va c tc dng to bng rm va lm
p cnh quan mi trng, sn sinh kh O2, ht kh CO2, u tin cc loi cy c kh nng
x l c mi cao.
V.3. Kt lun
Vic hnh thnh d n t giai on xy dng n giai on a d n vo s dng
t nhiu cng lm nh hng n mi trng khu vc. Nhng chng ti cho phn tch
ngun gc gy nhim v a ra cc bin php gim thiu cc tc ng tiu cc, m
bo c cht lng mi trng trang tri v mi trng xung quanh trong vng d n
c lnh mnh, thng thong v khng nh d n mang tnh kh thi v mi trng.
39
CHNG VI: TNG MC U T D N

VI.1. C s lp tng mc u t
Tng mc u t cho d n Trang tri chn nui heo c lp da trn cc
phng n trong h s thit k c s ca d n v cc cn c sau y :
- Lut Xy dng s 16/2003/QH11 ngy 26/11/2003 ca Quc Hi Nc Cng ho X
hi Ch ngha Vit Nam;
- Lut thu thu nhp doanh nghip ca Quc Hi kha XII k hp th 3, s
14/2008/QH12 Ngy 03 thng 06 nm 2008 ;
- Ngh nh s 12/2009/N-CP ngy 12/2/2009 ca Chnh ph v vic Qun l d n
u t v xy dng cng trnh;
- Ngh nh s 209/2004/N-CP ngy 16/12/2004 ca Chnh ph v vic Qun l cht
lng cng trnh xy dng v Ngh nh s 49/2008/N-CP ngy 18/04/2008 ca Chnh
ph v vic sa i b sung mt s iu ca Ngh nh 2009/2004/N-CP;
- Ngh nh s 99/2007/N-CP ngy 13/06/2009 ca Chnh ph v qun l chi ph u
t xy dng cng trnh;
- Ngh nh s 123/2008/N-CP ngy 08/12/2008 ca Chnh ph quy nh chi tit thi
hnh Lut thu gi tr gia tng;
- Ngh nh s 148/2004/N-CP ngy 23/07/2004 sa i, b sung Khon 1 iu 7
Ngh nh s 158/2003/N-CP;
- Thng t s 05/2007/TT-BXD ngy 27/05/2007 ca B Xy dng v vic Hng
dn vic lp v qun l chi ph d n u t xy dng cng trnh;
- Thng t s 129/2008/TT-BTC ngy 26/12/2008 hng dn thi hnh Ngh nh s
123/2008/N-CP;
- Thng t 130/2008/TT-BTT ngy 26/12/2008 hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca
Lut Thu Thu Nhp Doanh Nghip.
- Thng t s 02/2007/TTBXD ngy 14/2/2007. Hng dn mt s ni dung v: lp,
thm nh, ph duyt d n u t xy dng cng trnh; giy php xy dng v t chc
qun l d n u t xy dng cng trnh;
- nh mc chi ph qun l d n v t vn u t xy dng km theo Quyt nh s
957/Q-BXD ngy 29/9/2009 ca B Xy dng;
- Thng t 33-2007-TT/BTC ca B Ti Chnh ngy 09 thng 04 nm 2007 hng dn
quyt ton d n hon thnh thuc ngun vn nh nc;
- Thng t 203/2009/TT-BTC ca B Ti Chnh ngy 20 thng 10 nm 2010 hng dn
ch qun l, s dng v trch khu hao ti sn c nh;
- Cc vn bn khc ca Nh nc lin quan n lp Tng mc u t, tng d ton v
d ton cng trnh.
VI.2. Ni dung tng mc u t
VI.2.1. Ni dung
40
Mc ch ca tng mc u t l tnh ton ton b chi ph u t xy dng D an

Trang tri chn nui heo quy m, lm c s lp k hoch v qun l vn u t, xc
nh hiu qu u t ca d n.
Tng mc u t ca d n l ng bao gm: Chi ph xy dng v lp t, Chi
ph my mc thit b; Chi ph qun l d n; Chi ph t vn u t xy dng; Chi ph con
ging; Chi ph t; Chi ph ng dy in; D phng ph ; Li vay trong thi gian n
hn; cc khon chi ph khc.
Chi ph xy dng lp t v my mc thit b
Nhm to ra s an ton, thoi mi, d chu khi n ung ngh ngi, di chuyn v
xut nhp, ng thi to s an ton v thoi mi cho ngi chn nui trong vic qun l
v nui dng. Trang tri chn nui heo hu b 12.000 con v trang tri heo ni 2.400 con
c u t xy dng theo tiu chun cng ngh mi, p ng c nhng yu cu
chung thit k v phi hp cc b phn thnh mt h thng hon chnh.
Chi ph xy dng lp t v my mc thit b c trnh by trong bng sau:
VT: 1000 ng
STT
I
II
Hng mc
Xy dng v lp t
Tri heo ni 2.400 con
Tri heo hu b 12.000 con
My mc thit b
Tri heo ni 2.400 con
Tri heo hu b 12.000 con
Thnh tin
trc thu
57,415,165
26,748,415
30,666,750
18,666,760
11,974,072
6,692,688
VAT
5,741,517
2,674,841
3,066,675
1,866,676
1,197,407
669,269
Thnh tin sau

thu
63,156,682
29,423,256
33,733,425
20,533,436
13,171,479
7,361,957
Theo quyt nh s 957/Q-BXD cng b nh mc chi ph qun l d n v t

vn u t xy dng cng trnh, lp cc chi ph nh sau:
Chi ph qun l d n
Chi ph qun l d n tnh theo nh mc chi ph qun l d n v t vn u t
xy dng cng trnh.
Chi ph qun l d n bao gm cc chi ph t chc thc hin cc cng vic
qun l d n t giai on chun b d n, thc hin d n n khi hon thnh nghim
thu bn giao cng trnh vo khai thc s dng, bao gm:
Chi ph t chc lp d n u t.
Chi ph t chc thm nh d n u t, tng mc u t; chi ph t chc thm tra
thit k k thut, thit k bn v thi cng v d ton xy dng cng trnh.
Chi ph t chc la chn nh thu trong hot ng xy dng;
Chi ph t chc qun l cht lng, khi lng, tin v qun l chi ph xy
dng cng trnh;
Chi ph t chc m bo an ton v v sinh mi trng ca cng trnh;
41
Chi ph t chc nghim thu, thanh ton, quyt ton hp ng; thanh ton, quyt
ton vn u t xy dng cng trnh;
Chi ph t chc nghim thu, bn giao cng trnh;
Chi ph khi cng, khnh thnh;
Chi ph qun l d n = (GXL+GTB)*1.716%
GXL: Chi ph xy lp
GTB: Chi ph thit b, my mc
Chi ph t vn u t xy dng
Bao gm:
- Chi ph t vn lp d n u t;
- Chi ph lp thit k cng trnh;
- Chi ph thm tra thit k bn v thi cng, tnh hiu qu v tnh kh thi ca d n
u t, d ton xy dng cng trnh;
Chi ph lp h s yu cu, h s mi s tuyn, h s mi thu v chi ph phn tch
nh gi h s xut, h s d s tuyn, h s d thu la chn nh thu t vn, nh
thu thi cng xy dng, nh thu cung cp vt t thit, tng thu xy dng;
Chi ph gim st kho st xy dng, gim st thi cng xy dng v gim st lp t
thit b;
V cc khon chi ph khc nh: Chi ph qun l chi ph u t xy dng: tng mc
u t, d ton, nh mc xy dng, n gi xy dng cng trnh, hp ng; Chi ph t
vn qun l d n;
Chi ph lp d n = (GXL + GTB) x 0.375% = 313,992,000 ng.
Chi ph lp TKBVTC = GXL x 2.410 % = 494,753,000 ng.
Chi ph thm tra TKBVTC = GXL x 0.121% = 76,607,000 ng.
Chi ph thm tra d ton = GXL x 0.231% = 145,892,000 ng.
Chi ph lp HSMT xy lp = GXL x 0.124% = 78,525,000 ng.
Chi ph lp HSMT mua my mc thit b: GTB x 0.114% = 23,477,000 ng.
Chi ph gim st thi cng xy lp: GXL x 1.720% = 1,086,553,000 ng.
Chi ph gim st thi cng lp t thit b: GTB x 0.392% = 80,581,000 ng.
Chi ph kim nh ng b h thng thit b : GTB x 0.300% = 61,600,000 ng.
Chi ph t vn u t xy dng =2,361,979,000 ng
Chi ph khc
Chi ph khc bao gm cc chi ph cn thit khng thuc chi ph xy dng; chi ph
thit b; chi ph qun l d n v chi ph t vn u t xy dng ni trn:
Chi ph bo him cng trnh;
Chi ph kim ton, thm tra, ph duyt quyt ton vn u t;
Chi ph lp bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng;
Chi ph bo him xy dng = GXL x 1.500% = 947,350,000 ng.
Chi ph kim ton= (GXL +GTB) x 0.285% = 174,645,000 ng.
Chi ph thm tra, ph duyt quyt ton vn u t = (GXL+GTB) x 0.144% =
120,798,000 ng.
Chi phi l p bao cao anh gia tac ng mi trng = 165,000,000 ng.
Chi ph khc =1,407,793,000 ng.
42
Chi ph u t con ging

Ch u t u t ban u 2400 con heo ni lm ging vi n gi l 6,000,000
ng/con v 48 con heo c ging. Heo c c nhp t cng ty JSR chi nhnh Thi
Lan c u im khng mang cc gen mn cm vi tress, t l nc cao, tng trng nhanh
v ng u, sc khng bnh c nng cao, gim t l cht . Gi thnh 1 con 2.200
USD tng ng 45,760,000 ng/con.
Chi ph u t con ging = 14,880,000,000 VN
Chi ph t
phc v cho d n, ch u t mua t vi din tch l 17.18 ha vi kinh ph
l 600,000,000 ng/ha
Chi ph t
Chi ph ng dy in
Nhm phc v cho nhu cu s dng in nng trong chn nui v sinh hot ti
trang tri. Ch u t kt hp vi ban in lc xy dng v lp t h thng ng
dy trung th 3 pha 12.7KV & TBA 2 x (1 x 100) KVA 12.7/0.22 KV di 3534 m. D
ton tng chi ph xy lp ng dy in l 1,304,022,000 ng.
Chi ph ng dy in = 1,304,022,000
ng.
Chi ph d phng
D phng ph bng 10 % chi ph xy lp, chi ph thit b, chi ph qun l d n, chi
ph t vn u t xy dng, chi ph u t con ging v chi ph khc ph hp vi Thng
t s 05/2007/TT-BXD ngy 25/07/2007 ca B Xy dng v vic Hng dn lp v
qun l chi ph d n u t xy dng cng trnh.
Chi ph d phng
(GXl+Gtb+Gqlda+Gtv+Gk+Gg)*10%= 10,549,270,000 ng.
Li vay trong thi gian n hn:
Trong thi gian xy dng, d tnh ngn hng s gii ngn vn vay trong thi gian
5 thng t thng 01/2013 n thng 05/2013. Ch u t c n hn li vay trong thi
gian l 24 thng. Chi ph li vay trong thi gian n hn c tnh theo d n u k v
vn vay trong k.
Li vay trong thi gian n hn = 15,877,731,000 ng.
VI.2.2. Kt qu tng mc u t
Bng Tng mc u t
VT: 1,000 ng
STT
I
II
III
IV
1
Hng mc
Chi ph xy dng
Chi ph my mc thit b
Chi ph qun l d n
Chi ph t vn u t xy dng
Chi ph lp d n
GT Trc
thu
57,415,165
18,666,760
1,305,756
2,147,254
285,447
VAT
5,741,517
1,866,676
130,576
214,725
28,545
GT sau thu
63,156,682
20,533,436
1,436,332
2,361,979
313,992
43
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
V
1
2
3
4
V
VI
VII
VII
Chi ph lp TKBVTC
Chi ph thm tra TKBVTC
Chi ph thm tra d ton
Chi ph lp HSMT xy lp
Chi ph lp HSMT mua sm thit b
Chi ph gim st thi cng xy lp
Chi ph gim st lp t thit b
Chi ph kim nh ng b h thng thit b
Chi ph khc
Chi ph bo him xy dng
Chi ph kim ton
Chi ph thm tra ph duyt quyt ton
Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng
Chi ph con ging
Chi ph t
Chi ph ng dy in
Chi ph d phng=Gcp*10%
449,776
69,642
132,629
71,387
21,342
987,775
73,255
56,000
1,279,812
861,227
158,768
109,817
150,000
15,087,709
9,371,945
1,185,474
9,590,246
44,978
6,964
13,263
7,139
2,134
98,778
7,326
5,600
127,981
86,123
15,877
10,982
15,000
1,508,771
937,195
118,547
959,025
494,753
76,607
145,892
78,525
23,477
1,086,553
80,581
61,600
1,407,793
947,350
174,645
120,798
165,000
16,596,480
10,309,140
1,304,022
10,549,270
TNG MC U T (cha bao gm li

vay trong thi gian n hn)
116,050,121
11,605,012
127,655,133
VIII Li vay trong thi gian xy dng
15,877,731
TNG MC U T (bao gm li vay

trong thi gian n hn)
116,050,121
12,900,236
143,532,864
VI.2.3. Vn lu ng
Ngoi nhng khon u t my mc thit b, trang tri trong giai on u t ban
u, khi d n i vo hot ng cn b sung ngun vn lu ng.
Vn lu ng ca d n bao gm khon phi thu bng 10 % doanh thu, khon
phi tr bng 15 % chi ph hot ng v nhu cu tn qu tin mt bng 10 % doanh thu.
Theo k hoch th d n i vo hot ng vo nm 2013 sau khi hon thnh cc
giai on u t.
Bng nhu cu vn lu ng
VT:1000 ng
Nm
Khon phi thu (AR)
Chnh lch khon phi thu
Khon phi tr (AP)
Chnh lch khon phi tr
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
178,000
(178,000)
7,931,139
(7,931,139)
20,431,737
(20,253,737)
18,289,906
(10,358,767)
23,542,976
(3,111,239)
20,339,063
(2,049,157)
24,684,450
(1,141,475)
21,334,335
(995,272)
25,882,999
(1,198,549)
22,378,982
(1,044,646)
44

Tn qu tin mt (CB)
Chnh lch qu tin mt
Nm
Khon phi thu (AR)
Khon phi tr (AP)
Tn qu tin mt (CB)
Chnh lch qu tin mt
Nm
Khon phi thu (AR)
Khon phi tr (AP)
Tn qu tin mt (CB)
Chnh lch qu tin mt
178,000
178,000
20,431,737
20,253,737
23,542,976
3,111,239
24,684,450
1,141,475
25,882,999
1,198,549
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
27,141,475
(1,258,476)
23,475,455
(1,096,474)
27,141,475
1,258,476
28,462,875
(1,321,400)
24,626,331
(1,150,876)
28,462,875
1,321,400
29,850,344
(1,387,470)
25,834,313
(1,207,981)
29,850,344
1,387,470
31,307,188
(1,456,843)
27,102,237
(1,267,925)
31,307,188
1,456,843
32,836,873
(1,529,685)
28,433,084
(1,330,847)
32,836,873
1,529,685
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
34,443,043
(1,606,170)
29,829,980
(1,396,896)
34,443,043
1,606,170
32,918,961
1,524,082
29,502,923
327,058
32,918,961
(1,524,082)
37,900,323
(4,981,362)
32,835,215
(3,332,292)
37,900,323
4,981,362
39,759,665
(1,859,342)
34,450,617
(1,615,402)
39,759,665
1,859,342
41,711,974
(1,952,309)
36,146,213
(1,695,596)
41,711,974
1,952,309
45
CHNG VII: NGUN VN THC HIN D N

VII.1. Ngun vn u t ca d n
VII.1.1. Cu trc ngun vn v phn b vn u t
VT : 1,000 ng
Tng s dng vn bao gm
li vay trong thi gian n hn
GT trc thu
Chi ph xy dng
Chi ph thit b
Chi ph t vn
Chi ph qun l d n
Chi ph khc
Chi ph ng in
Chi ph con ging
D phng ph
Chi ph t
Li vay trong thi gian n hn
Tng
GT sau thu
VAT
57,415,165
18,666,760
2,147,254
1,305,756
1,279,812
1,185,474
15,087,709
9,590,246
9,371,945
5,741,517
1,866,676
214,725
130,576
127,981
118,547
1,508,771
959,025
937,195
63,156,682
20,533,436
2,361,979
1,436,332
1,407,793
1,304,022
16,596,480
10,549,270
10,309,140
15,877,731
116,050,121
11,605,012
143,532,864
VII.1.2. Tin s dng vn

VT: 1,000 ng
Tng s dng vn
Tng cng
Chi ph xy dng
Chi ph thit b
Chi ph t vn
Chi ph qun l d
n
Chi ph khc
Chi ph ng in
Chi ph con ging
D phng ph
Chi ph t
63,156,682
20,533,436
2,361,979
Qu
II/2012
2,361,979
1,436,332
Tng
1,407,793
1,304,022
16,596,480
10,549,270
10,309,140 10,309,140
127,655,133 12,671,119
Qu
III/2012
6,315,668
-
Qu
Qu
IV/2012
I/2013
9,473,502 22,104,839
10,266,718
-
Qu
II/2013
25,262,673
10,266,718
-
143,633
143,633
574,533
574,533
140,779
1,054,927
-
140,779
391,207
1,054,927
-
563,117
391,207
4,219,708
-
563,117
521,609
16,596,480
4,219,708
-
7,655,008 11,204,048 38,120,121
58,004,837
VII.1.3. Ngun vn thc hin d n
46
VT: 1,000 ng
Tng ngun vn
Vn vay ngn hng
Pht Trin Vit Nam
Vn vay ngun tn
dng khc
Vn ch s hu
Tng cng
Qu
II/2012
Qu
III/2012
Qu
IV/2012
76,593,080
Qu
II/2013
36,558,656 40,034,424
12,765,513
38,296,540 12,671,119
Qu
I/2013
11,204,048
1,561,465
30%
Vi tng mc u t 143,532,864,000 ng.Trong :

+ Vn ch s hu: 30% tng mc u t (cha bao gm li vay trong thi gian n
hn) tng ng vi s tin 38,296,540,000 ng.
+ Vn vay t ngn hng Pht Trin Vit Nam: 60% tng mc u t (cha bao
gm li vay) tng ng 76,593,080,000 ng v li vay trong thi gian n hn tng ng
15,877,731,000 ng.
+ Vn vay t ngun tn dng khc: 10% tng mc u t (cha bao gm li vay trong
thi gian n hn) tng ng 12,765,513,000 ng.
VII.1.4. Phng n hon tr vn vay v chi ph li vay

Phng n tr vn vay: Tr gc u v tr li pht sinh theo d n u k
Thi gian vay v tr n c th hin qua bng sau:
T l vn vay
S tin vay
Thi hn vay
n hn
Li vay
Thi hn tr n
n v
60%
76,593,080
120
24
12%
96
1000 ng
thng
thng
/nm
thng
Trong thi gian n hn 24 thng: Ch u t khng hon tr vn gc m ch tr li

vay theo d n u k
Sau thi gian n hn: Vo mi k, ch u t phi hon tr vn gc tng ng
797,845,000 ng v li pht sinh km vi vn gc theo d n u k.
Qua hoch nh ngun doanh thu, chi ph v li vay theo k hoch tr n cho thy
d n hot ng hiu qu, c kh nng tr n ng hn rt cao, mang li li nhun ln
cho nh u t v cc i tc hp tc cho vay.
(K hoch tr n theo cc k c th hin c th qua bng lch vay v tr n
ph lc ca d n)
VII.2. Tnh ton chi ph ca d n
VII.2.1. Chi ph nhn cng
60%
10%
7,655,008 17,970,413
Ni dung
T l
47
i ng qun l v nhn s d kin ca d n gm 100 ngi, trong :

Gim c trang tri: 1 ngi
Chu trch nhim qun l ton b cc hot ng trong trang tri, lin h vi nh
phn phi v c k hoch kinh doanh ca ton trang tri
Trng tri hu b: 1 ngi
Chu trch nhim qun l cc cng vic ti tri hu b
Trng tri ni
Chu trch nhim qun l cc cng vic ca tri ni
K ton: 1 k ton trng, 2 nhn vin
Chu trch nhim v thu chi theo ng k hoch v phng n kinh doanh v
chu trch nhim v tnh ton tin lng cho nhn vin
Hnh chnh nhn s: 1 ngi
Chu trch nhim qun l v hnh chnh nhn s, tuyn dng nhn vin, cc th
tc hnh chnh php l ti trang tri
Nhn vin vn phng
Chu trch nhim qun l cc hot ng kinh doanh ca trang tri di s ch o
ca gim c trang tri.
Nhn vin k thut: 5 ngi
Chu trch nhim v cc cng vic lin quan n k thut ti trang tri.
Bo v: 3 ngi
Chu trch nhim qun l v bo v ti sn ca trang tri.
T nh bp v sinh: 6 ngi
K thut c in: 3 ngi
Cng nhn chn nui heo: 75 ngi
Chi ph nhn cng hng nm bao gm lng ca cn b cng nhn vin, ph cp
v cc khon chi ph BHXH,BHYT, tr cp khc.. Lng nhn vin tng khong
4%/nm. Chi lng c th nh bng sau:
VT: 1,000 ng
V tr lm vic
S
lng
Gim c tri
Trng tri hu b
Trng tri ni
K ton trng
Nhn vin k ton
Trng phng hnh chnh nhn s
Nhn vin vn phng
Nhn vin k thut
Bo v
T nh bp+ v sinh
K thut c in
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
5
3
6
3
Lng/
Qu
thng/
lng BQ
ngi
nm
15,000
195,000
10,000
130,000
10,000
130,000
10,000
130,000
4,000
104,000
8,000
104,000
4,000
52,000
7,000
455,000
3,000
117,000
3,000
234,000
5,000
195,000
BHXH
17%
BHYT
2%
BHTN
2%
30,600
20,400
20,400
20,400
8,160
16,320
8,160
14,280
6,120
6,120
10,200
3,600
2,400
2,400
2,400
960
1,920
960
1,680
720
720
1,200
3,600
2,400
2,400
2,400
960
1,920
960
1,680
720
720
1,200
48

Cng nhn chn nui heo
75
3,000
2,925,000
6,120
720
720
VII.2.2. Chi ph hot ng

Chi ph hot ng bao gm chi ph hot ng bao gm: Chi ph thc n, chi ph
thuc + vacxin, Chi ph lng nhn vin, chi ph bo him v phc li cho nhn vin, chi
ph in, chi ph bo tr thit b dng c v cc chi ph khc.
Chi ph thc n
Theo k thut chm sc heo ni v heo hu b v kho st gi c v chi ph thc n
trn th trng:
Heo ni ging gm heo ni kh cha v heo ni nui con. Heo ni nui con cho n
t do trong thi gian theo m vi mc n = 1.5 kg + ( 0.5 kg x s heo con), trung bnh
mt ngy heo ni nui con cn 6.5 kg thc n. n gi cm dnh cho heo ni nui con l
10.000 /kg. Heo ni kh cha giai on 1 (1-90 ngy) tiu th khong 2.2 kg thc n,
giai on 2 (90-115 ngy) tiu th khong 2.7kg v trong giai on ch phi tiu th
khong 3kg thc n. n gi thc n trn th trng l 9.500 ng/kg.
Heo c ging: tiu th trung bnh khong 5 kg thc n/ngy. n gi thc n
theo gi th trng 9.500/kg.
Heo con ging tht: Heo con ging nui khong 40 ngy tui th cho xut chung.
Tnh ton trung bnh th heo con tiu th khong 0.05kg thc n/ngy vi n gi hin
nay trn th trng l 12.000/kg.
Heo hu b: heo hu b c nui khong 5 thng ri vi trng lng trung bnh
90-100kg. Mi ngy heo hu b tiu th khong 1.4kg thc n. n gi thc n dnh cho
heo hu b khong 10.500/kg
Chi ph thc n c th hin qua bng sau:
Bng chi ph thc n:
VT: 1000 ng
Chi ph thc n
+ Heo ni ging
Heo ni kh cha
Mang thai giai on 1 (1-90 ngy/la)
Mang thai giai on 2 (90-115 ngy/la)
Giai on ch phi (15 ngy/la)
Heo ni nui con ( 40 ngy/la)
+ Heo c ging
+ Heo con ging tht ( sau khi tch m)
+ Heo hu b c
+ Heo hu b ci
Khi lng kg
/ngy/con
Khi lng
/nm/con
n gi (ngn
ng/kg)
2.2
2.7
3.0
6.5
5.0
0.05
1.4
1.4
1,255
436
149
99
572
1,825
2
231
231
9.5
9.5
9.5
10.0
9.5
12.0
10.5
10.5
Chi ph thuc + vacxin

49
Theo tnh ton ca ch u t c tnh mi nm chi ph thuc + vacxin khong

700,000,000 ng gm vacxin dch t, t huyt trng, ph thng hn v l mm long
mng.
Chi ph bo him, phc li cho nhn vin: chim khong 21% chi ph lng
nhn vin.
Chi ph in: tnh ton 30,000,000 ng/thng
Chi ph bo tr my mc thit b: hng nm chim 3% gi tr my mc thit b.
Chi ph khc: Hng nm chim khong 2% gi tr my mc thit b.
(Chi tit chi ph hot ng ca d n c th hin trong phn ph lc ca d n)
50
CHNG VIII: HIU QU KINH T -TI CHNH

VIII.1. Cc gi nh kinh t v c s tnh ton
Cc thng s gi nh trn dng tnh ton hiu qu kinh t ca d n trn c s
tnh ton ca cc d n trin khai, cc vn bn lin quan n gi bn, cc ti liu cung
cp t Ch u t, c th nh sau:
- Thi gian hot ng ca d n l 15 nm. D n bt u xy dng t thng 05
nm 2012 n thng 05 nm 2013 v d tnh t thng 06 nm 2013 d n s i vo hot
ng;
- Tng mc u t: Trong : vn ch s hu 30% tng ng 38,296,540,000
ng , vn vay ngn hng Pht Trin Vit Nam 60 % tng ng 76,593,080,000 ng,
vn vay t ngun tn dng khc 10% tng ng 12,765,513,000 ng.
- Cc h thng my mc thit b cn u t m bo cho d n hot ng tt;
- Doanh thu ca d n c t:
+ Tra ni 2.400 con: bn heo ni loi thi hng nm, bn heo con ging tht v
bn phn chung.
+ Tri heo hu b 12.000 con: bn heo hu b ci v heo hu b c.
+ Bn phn chung: theo tnh ton trong bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng th
hng nm lng phn chung t khong 4,450 tn trong nm hot ng u tin v
khong 17,837 tn trong nm hot ng th 2 tr i. Theo kho st ti th trng Long
Khnh, , ng Nai th n gi bn phn chung hin nay l 400,000ng/tn.
- Chi ph ca d n:
+ Chi ph thc n: c tnh theo bng chi ph thc n trong ph lc nh km
+ Chi ph thuc v vacxin: c tnh khong 700,000,000 ng/nm nhm phng
nga mt s bnh ph bin trn heo nh dch t, t huyt trng, ph thng hn v l
mm long mng.
- Chi ph khu hao Ti sn c nh: p dng phng php khu hao theo ng
thng, thi gian khu hao s c tnh ph thuc vo thi gian d bo thu hi vn. Trong
tnh ton p dng thi gian khu hao theo ph lc nh km.
Thi gian khu hao ti sn c nh c th hin qua bng sau:
VT: 1000 ng
Loi ti sn
Thi gian KH
Gi tr TS u k
Ch ph xy dng
20
63,156,682
Chi ph thit b
15
20,533,436
Ti sn khc
7
15,755,374
Chi ph con ging
10
16,596,480
Chi ph ng dy in
15
1,304,022
- Li sut vay u i: 12%/nm; Thi hn vay 120 thng, n hn 24 thng, tr n
96 thng theo phng thc tr gc u v li pht sinh.
- Thu thu nhp doanh nghip ca d n thu sut p dng l 25%.
51
VIII.2. Doanh thu t d n

Doanh thu ca d n c tnh ton da trn doanh thu ca tri 2400 con v tri
12.000 con
Ban u ch u t d nh s u t 2400 con heo ni v 48 con heo c ging.
i vi heo ni th chu k sinh sn trung bnh l 2.2 la/nm v trung bnh heo 9-10
con/la. Trong qu trnh sinh sn v chm sc th t l hao ht c tnh l 15%. Trong s
lng heo con sinh ra th c khong 50 % heo con c v 50% heo con ci. Lng heo
c c tuyn chn v gi li lm heo hu b l 10% v phn cn li 40% c chm
sc sau 40 ngy tui c xut bn lm heo c ging tht. m bo cho s lng
heo gia tng hng nm, cht lng v mang li hiu qu cao, hng nm ch u t s gi
li mt s heo ging khong 5% trong s heo hu b, mt mt l gia tng lng heo
ging v mt khc l thay th cho nhng con heo ging km cht lng. Nhng con
heo ging loi thi khong 5% s c em bn tht.
Theo nghin cu gi c trn th trng hin nay th gi ca heo hu b ci l
6,000,000 ng/con, heo hu b c l 10,000,000 ng/con, gi heo con ging tht l
1,000,000 ng/con, gi heo loi thi bng khong 80% gi heo hi trn th trng, v
mc gi d tnh s tng 3%/nm.
Ngoi ngun doanh thu t bn heo hu b, heo c ging v heo loi thi hng
nm ch u t cn c mt ngun doanh thu t vic bn phn chung vi khi lng l
17,837 tn mi nm vi n gi l 400,000/tn. Mc gi tng 5 %/nm
Tnh ton doanh thu: Vi mc tng gi hng nm l 5%/nm

+ Heo hu b
Heo hu b c chim 10% lng heo khe mnh sinh ra hng nm. Mi nm chu
k sinh sn l 2.2 la, sau thi nui dng th s lng heo xut bn l 90%, 10% heo
cn li s c tip tc nui dng v bn vo nm sau.
Doanh thu = 10%( s lng heo nm trc* n gi heo nm nay)+90%( s
lng heo nm nay * n gi nm nay)
+ Heo c ging tht
Heo ging tht chim 40% lng heo khe mnh sinh ra hng nm. Sau thi gian
cai sa v chm sc khong 40 ngy th em xut bn vi n gi 1,000,000 ng/con
Doanh thu = s lng heo con ging tht x n gi/con
+ Heo loi thi
Heo loi thi chim 5% lng heo ging. Sau khi loi thi s c em bn tht
vi n gi 80% gi heo hi trn th trng.
Doanh thu = S lng heo loi thi x khi lng heo x n gi/kg
Sau y l bng tng hp doanh thu ca trang tri qua cc nm:
+ Bn phn chung:
Lng phn chung sinh ra mi nm khong 18,235 tn ( theo bo co nh gi
tc ng mi trng d n), trong lng phn s dng cho hm Biogas khong 398
tn/nm. Lng phn chung bn ra hng nm l 17,837 tn.
( Chi tit doanh thu d n c th hin trong bng doanh thu phn ph lc ca d n)
VIII.3. Cc ch tiu kinh t ca d n
52
VIII.3.1 Bo co thu nhp ca d n

Bo co thu nhp ca d n:
VT: 1,000 ng
Chi Ph
Li nhun
trc thu
1,780,000
58,263,055
(56,483,055)
(14,120,764)
(42,362,292)
204,317,366
138,061,148
66,256,218
16,564,055
49,692,164
235,429,756
151,193,127
84,236,629
21,059,157
63,177,471
246,844,504
156,701,152
90,143,351
22,535,838
67,607,513
258,829,989
162,494,795
96,335,194
24,083,799
72,251,396
271,414,748
168,655,723
102,759,026
25,689,756
77,069,269
284,628,746
175,179,332
109,449,413
27,362,353
82,087,060
298,503,443
179,748,276
118,755,167
29,688,792
89,066,375
313,071,875
187,043,030
126,028,845
31,507,211
94,521,634
328,368,729
194,766,446
133,602,282
33,400,571
100,201,712
344,430,425
203,459,261
140,971,164
35,242,791
105,728,373
329,189,605
201,278,877
127,910,728
31,977,682
95,933,046
379,003,227
223,494,159
155,509,068
38,877,267
116,631,801
397,596,648
234,263,507
163,333,141
40,833,285
122,499,856
417,119,741
245,567,478
171,552,263
42,888,066
128,664,197
Doanh thu
Thu TNDN
Li nhun
sau thu
Sau thi gian chu u t tin hnh u t xy dng, trong vng 13 thng t thng
5/2012 n thng 5/2013, d n i vo hot ng. Trang tri bt u c li nhun t nm
hot ng th hai. Trong nm hot ng u tin ca d n, do mi nhp ging v nn
trang tri cha c doanh thu t bn heo hu b v heo con ging tht, tuy nhin ch u
vn c c mt lng doanh thu nh t vic bn phn chung. Trong nm hot ng
th hai tr i, ngun doanh thu chnh ca d n ch yu n t vic bn heo hu b v
heo con ging tht. Li nhun hng nm ca d n tng ln theo mc tng ca gi bn.
Ngoi khon thu nhp t li nhun trc thu, ch u t cn c mt khon thu nhp
khc c tnh vo chi ph l chi ph khu hao ti sn.
53
VIII.3.2 Bo co ngn lu d n
Phn tch hiu qu d n hot ng trong vng 15 nm theo quan im tng u
t. Vi:
Chi ph s dng vn re = 30%
Li sut vay ngn hng rd = 12%/nm
Vi sut chit khu l WACC = 21.6 % c tnh theo gi tr trung bnh c trng
s chi ph s dng vn ca cc ngun vn.
Dng ngn lu d n c th hin qua biu sau:
Ngn lu d n
150,000,000
100,000,000
50,000,000
(50,000,000)
NPV
1
11
13
15
17
(100,000,000)
(150,000,000)
Cc ch tiu hiu qu ti chnh d n:

STT
1
2
3
4
Ch tiu
Tng mc u t
Gi tr hin ti thun NPV
T sut hon vn ni b IRR (%)
Thi gian hon vn
nh gi d n
Gi tr
143,532,864,000 ng
119,643,388,000 ng
33,0 %
4 nm 6 thng
Hiu qu
Vng i hot ng ca d n l 15 nm khng tnh nm xy dng

Dng tin thu vo bao gm: tng doanh thu hng nm; ngun thu t vn vay ngn
hng; gi tr ti sn thanh l ti sn, gi tr thanh l t, chnh lch khon phi thu
Dng tin chi ra gm: cc khon chi u t ban u nh xy lp,mua sm MMTB;
chi ph hot ng hng nm (khng bao gm chi ph khu hao); chnh lch khon phi tr
v chnh lch qu mt, tin thu np cho ngn sch Nh Nc.
54
Da vo kt qu ngn lu vo v ngn lu ra, ta tnh c cc ch s ti chnh, v

kt qu cho thy:
Hin gi thu nhp thun ca d n l :NPV = ng >0
Sut sinh li ni ti l: IRR = 33 %> WACC
Thi gian hon vn tnh l 4 nm 6 thng (bao gm thi gian xy dng)
D n c sut sinh li ni b v hiu qu u t kh cao.
Qua qu trnh hoch nh, phn tch v tnh ton cc ch s ti chnh trn cho thy
d n mang li li nhun cao cho ch u t, sut sinh li ni b cng cao hn s k
vng ca nh u t, v kh nng thu hi vn nhanh.
VIII.4. nh gi hiu qu kinh t - x hi
D n Trang tri chn nui heo quy m 12.000 heo hu b v 2.400 heo ni c
nhiu tc ng tch cc n s pht trin kinh t x hi. ng gp vo s pht trin v
tng trng ca nn kinh t quc dn ni chung v ca khu vc ni ring. Nh nc v
a phng c ngun thu ngn sch t Thu GTGT, Thu Thu nhp doanh nghip. To ra
cng n vic lm cho ngi lao ng v thu nhp cho ch u t;
Qua phn tch v hiu qu u t, d n cn rt kh thi qua cc thng s ti chnh
nh NPV= ng; Sut sinh li ni b l: IRR = 33,0 % ; thi gian hon vn sau 4 nm
06 thng . iu ny cho thy d n mang li li nhun cao cho nh u t, nim tin ln
khi kh nng thanh ton n vay cao v thu hi vn u t nhanh. Thm vo , d n cn
ng gp rt ln cho ngn sch Nh Nc v gii quyt mt lng ln lc lng lao
ng cho c nc.
55
CHNG IX: KT LUN V KIN NGH

IX.1. Kt lun
D n Trang tri chn nui heo , p Gia Ha, x Xun Trng, tnh ng Nai l
d n chn nui hp tc. Ti y, trang tri c u t vi cng ngh khp kn tp
trung, k thut hin i, an ton vi mi trng mang li ngun thc phm sch v phong
ph. Vi ngun con ging, thc n, thuc th y, k thut v u ra ca sn phm c
hai cng ty trn m bo cung cp 100%, chng ti hon ton an tm khi u t chn
nui. y s l mt d n c tnh kh thi cao, gp phn ng k trong vic chuyn i c
cu sn xut nng nghip, to vic lm, tng thu nhp, ci thin i sng ngi dn a
phng. Bn cnh , chn nui heo cng cung ng ngun nguyn liu tht quan
trng, p ng yu cu th trng tnh ng Nai v cc tnh ln cn.
Cui cng, chng ti khng nh D n tri chn nui heo , p Gia Ha, x Xun
Trng, huyn , tnh ng Nai p ng c nhu cu v li ch kinh t - x hi. Ring v
mt ti chnh c nh gi rt kh thi thng qua k hoch vay vn s dng vn, chi ph
u t, chi ph hot ng v ngun doanh thu c cn c da vo phn tch iu kin kinh
t tnh hnh th trng trong v ngoi nc.
IX.2. Kin ngh
Cn c kt qu nghin cu v phn tch, chn nui heo l mt ngh c hiu qu
kinh t cao, gp phn bn vng ging heo, to vic lm, tng thu nhp, nng cao i sng
cho nng dn. Bn cnh , d n nhm kch thch v thu ht ngi tiu dng s dng
sn phm tht c ngun gc t nhin chm sc sc khe v kch cu ni a. Do vy
chng ti xin c kin ngh Ngn hng mt s kin sau: u i v kinh ph vay vn,
con ging v ngun tiu th sn phm vi gi thnh hp l.
D n ny c lin quan mt thit n s pht trin ca chng ti, knh ngh
hng ng Nai sm xem xt ph duyt d n chng ti tin hnh trin khai cc bc
tip theo.
, ngy thng nm
56

Du An Trang Trai Chan Nuoi Heo

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CNG HA X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM

TRANG TRI CHN NUI HEO

N V T VN: CNG TY CP T VN U T THO NGUYN XANH

ng Nai Thng 11 nm 2012

CNG HA X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM

TRANG TRI CHN NUI HEO

ng Nai - Thng 11 nm 2012

CHNG VI: TNG MC U T D N ....................................................................... 40

THO NGUYN XANH: Trang tri chn nui heo

CHNG I: TNG QUAN CHUNG V D N

THO NGUYN XANH: Trang tri chn nui heo

THO NGUYN XANH: Trang tri chn nui heo

Ngh nh 140/2006/N-CP ca Chnh ph ngy 22 thng 11 nm 2006 quy nh

THO NGUYN XANH: Trang tri chn nui heo

Quyt nh s 225/1999/Q/TTg ngy 10/12/1999 ca Th Tng Chnh Ph v

THO NGUYN XANH: Trang tri chn nui heo

TCVN 6160 1996 : Yu cu chung v thit k, lp t, s dng h thng cha

THO NGUYN XANH: Trang tri chn nui heo

Trang tri chng ti s bn heo hu b v heo con ly tht. Ngoi u ra ca trang

--------------------------------------------------------------------------n v t vn: Cng ty CP T vn u t Tho Nguyn Xanh

THO NGUYN XANH: Trang tri chn nui heo

CHNG II: THC TRNG V TH TRNG V LNH

--------------------------------------------------------------------------n v t vn: Cng ty CP T vn u t Tho Nguyn Xanh

THO NGUYN XANH: Trang tri chn nui heo

II.2. Tnh hnh pht trin kinh t ca tnh ng Nai

THO NGUYN XANH: Trang tri chn nui heo

THO NGUYN XANH: Trang tri chn nui heo

--------------------------------------------------------------------------n v t vn: Cng ty CP T vn u t Tho Nguyn Xanh

THO NGUYN XANH: Trang tri chn nui heo

THO NGUYN XANH: Trang tri chn nui heo

THO NGUYN XANH: Trang tri chn nui heo

THO NGUYN XANH: Trang tri chn nui heo

--------------------------------------------------------------------------n v t vn: Cng ty CP T vn u t Tho Nguyn Xanh

THO NGUYN XANH: Trang tri chn nui heo

THO NGUYN XANH: Trang tri chn nui heo

- Cc c s chn nui phi c cam kt t x l mi trng m bo yu cu v v

THO NGUYN XANH: Trang tri chn nui heo

THO NGUYN XANH: Trang tri chn nui heo

- Nghin cu xut c chnh sch h tr cc ch trang tri tip cn c ngun

--------------------------------------------------------------------------n v t vn: Cng ty CP T vn u t Tho Nguyn Xanh

THO NGUYN XANH: Trang tri chn nui heo

CHNG III: S CN THIT PHI U T

THO NGUYN XANH: Trang tri chn nui heo

--------------------------------------------------------------------------n v t vn: Cng ty CP T vn u t Tho Nguyn Xanh

THO NGUYN XANH: Trang tri chn nui heo

CHNG IV: GII PHP THC HIN

Hnh: V tr xy dng Trang tri chn nui heo

IV.1.2. iu kin t nhin

THO NGUYN XANH: Trang tri chn nui heo

- Nhit trung bnh nm l 27oC.

THO NGUYN XANH: Trang tri chn nui heo

THO NGUYN XANH: Trang tri chn nui heo

--------------------------------------------------------------------------n v t vn: Cng ty CP T vn u t Tho Nguyn Xanh

THO NGUYN XANH: Trang tri chn nui heo

Hng mc tri heo hu b

IV.4. Hnh thc chn nui

THO NGUYN XANH: Trang tri chn nui heo

Mng trn, rng v di va phi. i y n, t

THO NGUYN XANH: Trang tri chn nui heo

--------------------------------------------------------------------------n v t vn: Cng ty CP T vn u t Tho Nguyn Xanh

THO NGUYN XANH: Trang tri chn nui heo

IV.4.2. Quy trnh chm sc v nui dng heo c ging

THO NGUYN XANH: Trang tri chn nui heo