DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN JUDUL ........................................................................................................... i

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ................................................................................................ ii
KATA PENGANTAR ......................................................................................................... iii
ABSTRAK ........................................................................................................................... v
DAFTAR ISI ........................................................................................................................ vii
DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................................... ix
DAFTAR GAMBAR ........................................................................................................... x
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ....................................................................................................... xi
BAB I PENDAHULUAN .................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Latar Belakang ...................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Tujuan Penelitian .................................................................................................. 2
1.3 Ruang Lingkup Penelitian .................................................................................... 2
1.4 Sistematika Penulisan ........................................................................................... 3
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ........................................................................................ 4
2.1 Proses Pembuatan Asam Nitrat di PT. Multi Nitrotama Kimia ............................ 4
2.2 Absorbsi ................................................................................................................ 6
2.2.1 Pelarut Absorbsi . ........................................................................................ 6
2.2.2 Kolom Absorbsi . ......................................................................................... 8
2.2.2.1 Spray Tower . ................................................................................... 8
2.2.2.2 Bubble Tower .................................................................................. 9
2.2.2.3 Packed Tower ................................................................................. 9
2.2.2.4 Plate Tower ..................................................................................... 10
2.3 Sistem Absorbsi di PT Multi Nitrotama Kimia .................................................... 11
2.4 Penentuan Garis Kesetimbangan .......................................................................... 12
2.5 Penentuan Garis Operasi ....................................................................................... 13
2.6 Efisiensi Murphree ............................................................................................... 17

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2.7 Hidrogen Peroksida (H2O2) .................................................................................. 17

BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN ........................................................................ 19
3.1 Studi Literatur ....................................................................................................... 19
3.2 Pengambilan Data ................................................................................................. 19
3.3 Perhitungan Efisiensi Absorption Tower dan Masar Tower ............................... 20
3.3.1 Perhitungan Neraca Massa ......................................................................... 20
3.3.2 Pembuatan Garis Kesetimbangan ................................................................ 20
3.3.3 Pembuatan Garis Operasi ............................................................................ 20
3.3.4 Perhitungan Jumlah Tahap Ideal ................................................................. 20
3.3.5 Perhitungan Efisiensi Murphree .................................................................. 21
3.4 Penambahan Kebutuhan Hidrogen Peroksida (H2O2) .......................................... 21
3.5 Penyusunan Laporan ............................................................................................. 21
BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN ............................................................................ 24
4.1 Perhitungan Efisiensi Absorption Tower dan Masar Tower ................................ 24
4.2 Kebutuhan Penambahan Hidrogen Peroksida pada Masar Tower ....................... 29
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN .............................................................................. 31
4.1 Kesimpulan ........................................................................................................... 31
4.2 Saran ..................................................................................................................... 32
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ......................................................................................................... xii
LAMPIRAN

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DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 2.1 Nilai HETP untuk Berbagai Packing .................................................16

Tabel 4.1 Nilai Efisiensi Murphree NO dan NO2 di Absorption Tower
(Aktual)..............................................................................................27
Tabel 4.2 Nilai Efisiensi Murphree Masar Tower (Aktual) ...............................28

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DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1 Spray Tower ......................................................................................8

Gambar 2.2 Bubble Tower ....................................................................................9
Gambar 2.3 Packed Tower .................................................................................10
Gambar 2.4 Skema Kontak Gas-Cair dalam Menara Pelat ................................10
Gambar 2.5 Sistem Absorbsi di PT Multi Nitrotama Kimia ..............................11
Gambar 2.6 Kurva Kesetimbangan untuk Absorbsi ...........................................13
Gambar 2.7 Skema Neraca Massa Di dalam Absorber untuk Plate Tower .......15
Gambar 2.8 Skema Neraca Massa Di dalam Absorber untuk Packed Tower ....16
Gambar 2.9 Skema Penambahan Hidrogen Peroksida (H2O2) ...........................18
Gambar 3.1 Flowchart Metodologi Perhitungan Efisiensi Sistem Absorbsi ......22
Gambar 3.2 Flowchart Metodologi Penambahan Hidrogen Peroksida ..............23
Gambar 4.1 Kurva Absorbsi NO di Absorption Tower ......................................24
Gambar 4.2 Kurva Absorbsi NO2 di Absorption Tower.....................................25
Gambar 4.3 Kurva Absorbsi NO di Masar Tower .............................................25

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

LAMPIRAN A. DATA PENELITIAN.............................................................................. 32

A.1 Data Aktual Nitric Acid 2-Plant ........................................................................... 33
A.2 Data Desain Nitric Acid 2-Plant ........................................................................... 36
A.3 Spesifikasi Absorption Tower dan Masar Tower ................................................. 39
A.4 Material Safety Data Sheet Asam Nitrat .............................................................. 40
A.5 Material Safety Data Sheet Hidrogen Peroksida .................................................. 43
LAMPIRAN B. PENGOLAHAN DATA .......................................................................... 55
B.1 Perhitungan Neraca Massa Menggunakan Data Aktual ....................................... 56
B.2 Perhitungan Garis Kesetimbangan ....................................................................... 74
B.3 Perhitungan Garis Operasi ................................................................................... 76
B.4 Tabel Garis Operasi dan Garis Kesetimbangan ................................................... 78
B.5 Perhitungan Jumlah Tahap Pada Masar Tower Secara Teoritis ........................... 83
B.6 Kurva Absorbsi Penentuan Jumlah Tahap Ideal .................................................. 84
B.7 Perhitungan Efisiensi Murphree .......................................................................... 89
B.8 Perhitungan Kebutuhan Hidrogen Peroksida ....................................................... 98
LAMPIRAN C. FORM BIMBINGAN .............................................................................. 100

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DAFTAR PUSTAKA

E, Bruce, dkk. 2008. Perrys Chemical Engineers Handbook 8th

Edition. United States of America : The McGraw-Hill Companies,
Inc.
Geankoplis, Christie J. 1978. Transport Processes and Unit Operations
Third Edition. New Jersey : P T R Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Kasper, John M, dkk. 1996. Journal of the Air & Waste Management
Association. United States of America.
Lintang, Ninik. 2010. Buku I Bahan Ajar : Proses Pemisahan dan
Pemurnian. Bandung : Politeknik Negeri Bandung.
Tanpa nama. 2009. Panduan Operating Manual PT. Multi Nitrotama
Kimia. Cikampek : PT. Multi Nitrotama Kimia.
Tanpa nama. Tanpa tahun. Computer Simulation of The NOx Abatement
Process as an Equilibrium-Reaction Model.
Tanpa

nama.

Tanpa

tahun.

Hidrogen

Peroksida.

Tersedia

http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/hidrogen-peroksida [25 Juli 2013]

Tanpa nama. Tanpa tahun. Technical Bulletin Nitrogen Oxides (NOx)
Abatement With Hydrogen Peroxide. Atlanta : U.S. Peroxide, LLC
Tanpa nama. Tanpa tahun. Technical Bulletin NOx Eliminate Visual
Emissions During Start Up. Atlanta : U.S. Peroxide, LLC
Treyball, Robert. E. 1981. Mass-Transfers Operation. Singapur :
McGraw Hill Companies, Inc.

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