Professional Documents
Culture Documents
The message is what was written/influenced by/acted on by the verb. My boss was eventually involved, but the verb didnt directly affect or contact him.
nosto/for us
Like the direct object pronouns, these go directly before conjugated verbs. With compound verbs, they go before the entire verb or after and attached to the last word (the infinitive).
Whats the substitution?plural, 3rd person-LES Like the other pronouns, these go before a conjugated verb: LES explico la gramtica.
Vamos a ver:
Tienen que darME la tarea. El presidente explic el problema a nosotros. El presidente NOS explic el problema.
Sustituciones (y frutas!)
Your mother went out shopping and bought fruit for everyone. Indicate for whom she bought each fruit, using the indirect obj. pronouns. Ej. Mam compr duraznos para l. Le compr duraznos (qu son duraznos?) 1. Mam compr manzanas para m. 2. Mam compr peras para nosotros. 3. Mam compr uvas para ella. 4. Mam compr una pia para ti. 5. Mam compr melocotones para Ud. 6. Mam compr una sanda para ellos. 7. Mam compr cerezas para Uds. 8. Mam compr fresas para l. 9. Mam compr bananas para Rodolfo. 10. Mam compr mangos para Sofa.
Le damos el dinero.
Leto him, to her, to Ud. If the context has already been established, then using LE (or LES) will be clear. If not, or if there may be confusion, youll have to include the person or people that LE or LES is substituting for.
When LE or LES substitutes for Ud. or Uds., these personal pronouns are usually included because it sounds more formal or polite. Le doy las gracias a Ud. A Ud. le doy las gracias. I give you my thanks.
Singular thing that you like, singular form of the verb Me gustan las vacaciones. Plural thing that you like, plural verb Vacations are pleasing to me/I like vacations. But its not all about you, and you can do more than just like things.
El verano me gusta. The meaning is exactly the same. Las vacaciones me gustan.
Use this structure if its easier to see how the verb relates to the noun in the first part of the sentence.
When you talk about what you like to DO, you use the infinitive form of the verb, and and its singular, even if its more than one action.
Un poco de confusin
Le gusta bailar.
Sometimes its necessary to be redundant. So youll have the pronoun AND the name of the person that the pronoun replaces. Youll need the personal A, the persons name and the indirect object pronoun. The word order is flexible. Laura likes to dance [Dancing A Laura le gusta bailar.. Le gusta bailar a Laura. is liked by Laura].
Interesar
Faltar
Molestar Fascinar
Encantar
Ayer ella corri mucho y ahora le duelen las piernas. Yesterday she ran a lot and now her legs hurt her.
Me molestan los insectos. Insects bother me. Me molestan las personas ignorantes. Ignorant people are annoying to me.
Las reacciones
las matemticas los gatos esquiar las pelculas de horror
dormir
el fro la historia el chocolate el bisbol los hombres guapos el espaol las pelculas romnticas