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MICRONUTRIENT DEFICIENCIESAND INTERVENTIONS IN CAMBODIA
Information for ImprovedProgramming
By Robert Johnston and Joel ConkleA2Z - The USAID Micronutrientand Child Blindness Project
February2008
February, 2008 Artwork by Chan VitarinPhotograph by Robert Johnston
A2Z - Te USAID Micronutrient and Child Blindness Project
Phnom Penh, Cambodia www.a2zproject.org(855) 23 997 501Offi ce Address:#160, Street 71, Room 309onle Bassac, Chamkar Mon 12300Phnom Penh, Cambodia
February, 2008 Artwork by Chan VitarinPhotograph by Robert Johnston
A2Z - Te USAID Micronutrient and Child Blindness Project
Phnom Penh, Cambodia www.a2zproject.org(855) 23 997 501Offi ce Address:#10, Street 71, Room 309onle Bassac, Chamkar Mon 12300
Contents
Dedication .......................................................................................................................III Acknowledgements ...........................................................................................................III Abbreviations ...................................................................................................................IV Executive Summary ............................................................................................................1Introduction .......................................................................................................................7
Vitamin A .............................................................................................................
Conditions of Vitamin A Deficiency ................................................................................13Preventive Vitamin A Supplementation ............................................................................18Issues with the Indicators from the CDHS and HIS .........................................................20rends and Conditions in Vitamin A Supplementation ....................................................32
Anemia .................................................................................................................
Conditions of Anemia ......................................................................................................42Causes of Anemia .............................................................................................................42Low Birth Weight .............................................................................................................44Prevalence of Anemia .......................................................................................................45Iron Supplementation ......................................................................................................52Issues with the Indicator from the CDHS ........................................................................54rends and Conditions of Iron Supplementation ..............................................................57Preventive Deworming .....................................................................................................63Estimates of Iron Deficiency and other Causes of Anemia ................................................67
Iodine ...................................................................................................................
Iodine Deficiency .............................................................................................................74Iodine Fortification ..........................................................................................................76
Zinc ......................................................................................................................
Zinc Deficiency ................................................................................................................81Zinc reatment for Diarrhea.............................................................................................85
Conclusions .......................................................................................................... Annexes .................................................................................................................
Methods ...........................................................................................................................95 Anthropometry ................................................................................................................99References ......................................................................................................................109
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