Mathematical Foundations of the Relativistic Theory of Quantum Gravity

Mathematical Foundations of theRelativistic Theory of Quantum Gravity

Fran De Aquino

Maranhao State University, Physics Department,

S.Luis/MA, Brazil.Copyright

©

Abstract:

Starting from the

action function

, we have derived a theoretical background that leads tothe

quantization of gravity

and the deduction of a correlation between the gravitational and the inertialmasses, which depends on the

kinetic

momentum

of the particle. We show that the strong equivalenceprinciple is reaffirmed and, consequently, Einstein's equations are preserved. In fact, such equationsare deduced here directly from this new approach to Gravitation. Moreover, we have obtained ageneralized equation for the inertial forces, which incorporates the Mach's principle into Gravitation.Also, we have deduced the equation of Entropy; the Hamiltonian for a particle in an electromagneticfield and the reciprocal fine structure constant directly from this new approach. It was also possible todeduce the expression of the

Casimir force

and to explain the

Inflation Period

and the

Missing Matter,

without assuming existence of

vacuum fluctuations

. This

new approach to Gravitation will allow us tounderstand some crucial matters in Cosmology.

Key words: Quantum Gravity, Quantum Cosmology, Unified Field.PACs: 04.60.-m; 98.80.Qc; 04.50. +h

Contents

1.Introduction

3

2.Theory3

Generalization of Relativistic Time4Quantization of Space, Mass and

Gravity

6Quantization of Velocity7Quantization of Time7Correlation Between Gravitational and Inertial Masses8Generalization of Lorentz's Force12Gravity Control by means of the

Angular Velocity

13Gravitoelectromagnetic fields and gravitational shielding effect14Gravitational Effects produced by ELF radiation upon electric current26Magnetic Fields affect

27

28Gravitational mass and Earthquakes28The Strong Equivalence Principle30

2

Incorporation of the Mach's Principle into Gravitation Theory30Deduction of the Equations of General Relativity30

Gravitons

: Gravitational Forces are also Gauge forces31Deduction of Entropy Equation

starting from the Gravity Theory

31Unification of the

Electromagnetic

and

Gravitational

Fields32Elementary Quantum of Matter and

Continuous Universal Fluid

34The

Casimir Force

is a gravitational effect related to the

Uncertainty Principle

35The

Shape of the Universe

and

Maximum speed of Tachyons

36The expanding Universe is

accelerating

and not slowing down38Gravitational and Inertial Masses of the

Photon

39What causes the fundamental particles to have

masses?

40Electron’s

Imaginary

Masses41Transitions to the

Imaginary

space-time44Explanation for

red-shift anomalies

50

Superparticles

(

hypermassive

Higgs bosons) and Big-Bang51Deduction of Reciprocal Fine Structure Constant and the

Uncertainty Principle

53Dark Matter, Dark Energy and

Inflation

Period53The Origin of the Universe59Solution for the Black Hole

Information Paradox

61A Creator’s need63The Origin of Gravity and Genesis of the Gravitational Energy64Explanation for the anomalous acceleration of Pioneer 1066New type of interaction68

Appendix A

71Allais effect explained71

Appendix B

74

References

75

3

1. INTRODUCTION

Quantum Gravity was originallystudied, by Dirac and others, as theproblem of quantizing GeneralRelativity. This approach presentsmany difficulties, detailed by Isham[1]. In the 1970's, physicists tried aneven more conventional approach:simplifying Einstein's equations byassuming that they are

almost linear

,and then applying the standardmethods of quantum field theory tothe thus oversimplified equations. Butthis method, too, failed. In the 1980'sa very different approach, known asstring theory, became popular. Thusfar, there are many enthusiasts ofstring theory. But the mathematicaldifficulties in string theory areformidable, and it is far from clear thatthey will be resolved any time soon.At the end of 1997, Isham [2] pointedout several "Structural ProblemsFacing Quantum Gravity Theory". Atthe beginning of this new century,the problem of quantizing thegravitational field was still open.In this work, we propose a newapproach to Quantum Gravity.Starting from the generalization of the

action function

we have derived atheoretical background that leads tothe quantization of gravity. Einstein'sGeneral Relativity equations arededuced directly from this theory ofQuantum Gravity. Also, this theoryleads to a complete description of theElectromagnetic Field, providing aconsistent unification of gravity withelectromagnetism.

2. THEORY

We start with the

action

for afree-particle that, as we know, isgiven by

∫

−=

ba

dsS

α

where

α

is a quantity whichcharacterizes the particle.In Relativistic Mechanics, theaction can be written in the followingform [3]: