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T heWINTER 2001\u20142002 VOLUME 1, NUMBER 4
The
Q uarterly
RECONSI ER
D
P R E S ER V E L I B E R T Y & R E D U C E H A R M
EDUCATION
Issue
Michael Roona \u2014 This advisor to the newD.A.R .E.
program developers asks, \u201cAre we doing enough?\u201d
Edward Shepard \u2014 His groundbreaking study
reveals the high cost \u2014 and hidden costs \u2014 ofD.A.R .E.
Rocky Anderson \u2014 As m ayor of Salt Lake City,
Anderson refused to fundD.A.R .E.
Rodney Skager \u2014 This drug education expert shares
his ideas on how to reinvent drug education for teens.
Craig Reinarman \u2014 His sociology class on drugs
takes students far beyond the \u201cJust Say No\u201d m essage.
Marsha Rosenbaum \u2014 This m edical sociologist
discovered first-hand that drug education was am iss.
Then she did som ething about it.
And m uch m ore...
RECONSI ER
D
T he
RECONSI ER
FORUM OND RU G POLICY:
D
is actually only published intermittently
by ReconsiDer : Forum on Drug
Policy as time and money allow. We

continue to call it a quarterly, however, because, according to our executive di- rector, it sounds good and, after all, one

can cut or fold it into quarters! Its pur-

pose is to provide members and non- members with information about the Drug War in order to promote discus- sion of drug policy issues among its readers and their friends and col- leagues. It also serves to communicate to local political leaders that there is a growing, active, informed and deter- mined constituency that wants funda- mental changes in drug policies.

Board of Directors: Capt. Peter Christ
(Ret .); Br uce Coville; Alexandr a Eyle;
N icolas Eyle; Ant hony Malavenda; James
Scho\ufb01eld, Esq.; Michael Smit hson.
Executive Director :N i co l as Eyl e
Treasurer :James W r i ght
Board of Advisors:
Dr. Jennifer Daniels,M D, M BA; William
Kinne, Onondaga County Legislature;
Minch Lewis,Ci t y Audi t or, Syr acuse, N Y;
J.F.X . Mannion, CEO, Unity Life Insurance
(Ret.); Pat r ick Mur phy, Chief of Police,
Syracuse, N Y (Ret.); Van Robinson,
Councilor-at-Large, City of Syracuse; Carol
Shepper d,H ousi ng Aut hor i t y, Syr acuse, N Y;
Dr. Gene Tinelli,M D, PhD; Patricia
W aelder, President, Syracuse School Board
(Ret.)
W eb Site:w w w.r eco nsi der.o r g
Toll-Free N umber :1- 800- 992- 3299
Publishers:A l ex andr a & N i co l as Eyl e
Editor :A l ex andr a Eyl e
Design /Layout:A r t hur W . Lange
Copyedit ing: Hugh and Kat e Mason
Proofreading: Hugh and Kat e Mason
All photographs in this issue are
repr inted by per mission of the
subject s.
Send Letters to:
Editor
The ReconsiDer Quarterly,
205 O nondaga Avenue,
Syr acuse, N Y 13207
email:quar t er l y@ r econsi der.or g
Statement of Purpose
ReconsiDer: Forum on Drug Policyis a nonpar t isan, gr ass root s mem-

ber ship or ganizat ion t hat wor ks by consensus and t hrough t he volunt eer ef- for ts and contributions of its members. It is a New York State not-for-pro\ufb01t corporation, with its headquar ters in Syracuse. It is suppor ted by individual cont r ibut ions and gr ant s.

Its unifying belief that the War on Dr ugs has failed grounds its fundamental pur poses: to effect substantial change in United States dr ug policy; to pro- mote, suppor t, and engage in open discussion of alternatives to the War on Dr ugs; to for m numerous chapter s that challenge citizens and local political leaders to rethink drug policies; and to help enact pragmatic legislation that r educes har m and pr eser ves liber t ies.

Table of Contents
Features:
2Are We Doing Enough?
By Michael R. Roona and Alexandra Eyle
4A Guide to Shopping for Drug Education Programs
By Alexandra Eyle
6We Wasted Billions on D.A.R.E.
By Edward Shepard, Ph.D.
12 What It Was Like to Drop the D.A.R.E. Program
An Interview with Salt Lake City Mayor Ross C. \u201cRocky\u201d Anderson
14On Reinventing Drug Education for Adolescents
By Rodney Skager, Ph.D.
22Notes on Drug Education for College Students
By Craig Reinarman, Ph.D.
26A Focus on Safety First Strikes a Universal Chord
By Marsha Rosenbaum, Ph.D.
29Article Endnotes
Departments:
1Editor\u2019s Letter: Where Do We Go From Here?
19R ecom m en ded R eadin g: After Prohibition: An Adult Approach
to Drug Policies in the 21st Century
Reviewed By Kevin B. Zeese
20Guest Speaker: Ignorance Hurts Both
Drug Users and Their Families
By Susan P. Koningen
Q uarterly.....
Editor\u2019s Letter:
Drug Education \u2014
Where Do We Go
from Here?

When Drug Abuse Resistance Education
(D.A.R.E.) was first launched in 1983,
parents welcomed it, believing it would
help keep their children safe. But some
found thatD.A.R.E. wasn\u2019t working the
way they\u2019d hoped it would.

\u201cIn 1994, D.A.R.E. invaded the serenity of
our home,\u201d Steve Finichel, a doctor from
New Jersey, told us last fall. \u201cMy 10-year-
old son began to cry uncontrollably at
dinner, informing his mother and me
that the wine we were about to drink
takes 14 minutes from our lives. He also
informed us that we were alcoholics. To
make matters worse, he put a tip into the
classroomD.A.R.E. box and was fright-
ened that soon we would be taken off to
jail. . .\u201d

To make matters worse, studies found
that the program wasn\u2019t working. In
2001, the U.S. Surgeon General placed it
under the category of \u201cIneffective
Programs.\u201dD.A.R.E. America \ufb01rst
defended the program, then worked with
the Institute of Health and Social Policy,
at the University of Akron, to revise it,
using a grant from the Robert Wood
Johnson Foundation.

About 37,000 7th-graders are now taking
part in the program, known as the
Adolescent Substance Abuse Prevention
Study, which was launched in September
2001 in 87 school districts in six selected
cities \u2014 New Orleans, Houston, Los
Angeles, Newark, St. Louis, and Detroit.
All of the districts were randomly
assigned the new program, with half
getting the new program and half serving
as the control group and continuing
their old drug abuse prevention activi-
ties. To determine the program\u2019s success,
all 37,000 students will be surveyed from

1
THERECONSIDERQUARTERLY
R

September 2001 through June 2006. The
survey will include an assessment of how
well the program was implemented,
students\u2019 receptivity to the program,
interviews with dropouts, and analyses of
school and community data in order to
understand the contextual impact on the
program\u2019s delivery and outcome.

IsD.A.R.E. America to be applauded for
revising its program? Or should it be
condemned, as Salt Lake City Mayor
Rocky Anderson put it, for foisting this
fraud on the American public in the \ufb01rst
place, and trying to salvage its reputa-
tion by using our children as guinea
pigs? How did we end up in this situa-
tion? And where should we go from here?
Experts in the \ufb01eld helped us answer
these questions.

Michael R. Roona, executive director of

Social Capital Development Corporation,
served as an advisor to the developers of
the newD.A.R.E. curriculum. He takes us
fromD.A.R.E.\u2019s beginnings up to the
present, and shares his concerns about
the new program.

Edward Shepard, Ph.D., associate

professor and chair of the LeMoyne
College Department of Economics,
undertook a ground breaking study to
\ufb01nd out how muchD.A.R.E. has cost us.
In the process, he discovered thatD.A.R.E.
costs more than we knew.

Rodney Skager, Ph.D., professor emeritus

of the UCLA Graduate School of Educa-
tion and Information Studies, draws on
his talks with teens to tell us what
educational approaches might be best to
follow.

Craig Reinarman, Ph.D., professor and
chair of sociology at the University of

California, tells us how he helps his
sociology students decode drug educa-
tion messages \u2014 and what it takes to
gain students\u2019 trust.

Ross C. \u201cRocky\u201d Anderson, mayor of Salt

Lake City, talks about how citizens of
Salt Lake City reacted when he stopped
fundingD.A.R.E. \u2014 and offers advice to
other mayors.

Marsha Rosenbaum, Ph.D., a medical

sociologist and the director of the
Lindesmith Center-Drug Policy Founda-
tion, tells how she came to write her
ground breaking booklet,Safet y Fir st.

Susan Koningen, a single mother from

Australia, shares her story of how she
has coped with drug abuse in her own
family \u2014 and is helping others to do the
same.

We also offer a briefGuide to Shopping
for Drug Education Programs.

Shifting our focus from drug education
to the broader issue of drug policy, we
invited Kevin Zeese, president of Com-
mon Sense for Drug Policy, to review

After Prohibition: An Adult Approach to
Drug Policies in the 21st Century, edited
by Timothy Lynch, director of the Cato
Institute.

This special issue of theQu ar t er ly is far
from the \ufb01nal word on drug education.
But if it motivates teachers, parents and
community leaders to rethink our
approach to \ufb01nd new and productive
ways to cut drug use and the harms it
in\ufb02icts, then we\u2019ve achieved our goal.
Only by examining this issue openly can
we uncover better ways to talk to kids
about drugs.

Alexandra Eyle, editor
of 00

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