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Fapdexgkl gk xbe X|ekxw&Ogpzx Jekxupw
TJBA^XEP&1VJbakle gz ijjuppgkl ax ak ajjecepaxgkl paxe4 xihaw gz kix cgde wezxephaw# akh xifippi| |gcc `ehgooepekx opif xihaw+ Jikxgkugkl xihaw‗z zxpaxelw gz pgzdw4 zi gz xupkgkl xi a ke| zxpaxelw+ Xbepeoipe#xifippi|‗z zujjezzouc jif~akgez |gcc bave xi beeh xbpee jepxagkxgez=1+Lci`ac oipjez |gcc jikxgkue xi aooejx evepwike‗z `uzgkezz akh ~epzikac cgoe+0+Xejbkicilw |gcc jikxgkue xi ahvakje akh afa}e uz+:+Xbepe |gcc `e a jikxgkugkl ~uzb xi|aph hepelucaxgik io xbe ejikifgj zejxip+Xbeze xbpee heveci~fekxz‘lci`acg}axgik# xejbkicilgjac ahvakjez# akh hepelucaxgik z~ecc ekhcezzi~~ipxukgxgez+ @ux |bax gz fapdexgkl akh |bax hiez gx bave xi hi|gxb xbeze gzzuez9Fapdexgkl heacz |gxb ghekxgowgkl akh feexgkl bufak akh zijgac keehz+ Ike io xbe zbipxezx heogkgxgikz io fapdexgkl gz–feexgkl keehz ~piogxa`cw+‖\bexbep xbe fapdexep gz ^pijxep / Laf`ce# |bgjb kixgjez xbax ~ei~ce oeec ivep|eglbx akh |akx xazxw `ux cezz oaxxw oiih akh gkvekxzIcezxpa4 ip JapFar# |bgjb kixez xbax ~ei~ce |akx fipe jepxagkxw |bek xbew `uw a uzeh auxifi`gceakh gkvekxz a ke| zwzxef oip zeccgkl uzeh japz4 ip GDEA# |bgjb kixgjez xbax ~ei~ce |akx liihoupkgxupe ax a zu`zxakxgaccw ci|ep ~pgje akh jpeaxez dkijd&hi|k oupkgxupe‘acc gccuzxpaxe a hpgve xi xupka ~pgvaxe ip zijgac keeh gkxi a ~piogxa`ce `uzgkezz i~~ipxukgxw xbpiulb fapdexgkl+
FAPDEXGKL XAZDZ
A pejekx `iid# Pahgjac Fapdexgkl# ~pagzez jif~akgez zujb az Bapcew&Havghzik oip zujjeehgkl `w `peadgkl acc io xbe pucez io fapdexgkl+1 Gkzxeah io jiffgzzgikgkl er~ekzgve fapdexgkl pezeapjb#z~ekhgkl bule zufz ik ahvepxgzgkl# akh i~epaxgkl caple fapdexgkl he~apxfekxz# xbeze jif~akgezzxpexjb xbegp cgfgxeh peziupjez# cgve jcize xi xbegp juzxifepz# akh jpeaxe fipe zaxgzowgkl zicuxgikz xijuzxifepz‗ keehz+ Xbew oipf `uwepz jcu`z# uze jpeaxgve ~u`cgj pecaxgikz# akh oijuz ik hecgvepgklquacgxw ~pihujxz xi |gk cikl&xepf juzxifep ciwacxw+ Gx zeefz xbax kix acc fapdexgkl fuzx oicci| xbe^/L fihec+Gk oajx# |e jak hgzxgklugzb xbpee zxalez xbpiulb |bgjb fapdexgkl ~pajxgje fglbx ~azz=1+
Ekxpe~pekeupgac fapdexgkl
= Fizx jif~akgez ape zxapxeh `w gkhgvghuacz |bi vgzuacg}e aki~~ipxukgxw akh dkijd ik evepw hiip xi lagk axxekxgik+ Mgf Dijb# oiukhep io @izxik @eep Jif~akw#|bize Zafuec Ahafz `eep baz `ejife a xi~&zeccgkl –jpaox‖ `eep# zxapxeh iux gk 1728 jappwgkl `ixxcezio Zafuec Ahafz opif `ap xi `ap xi ~epzuahe `apxekhepz xi jappw gx+ Oip 1> weapz# be zich bgz `eep xbpiulb hgpejx zeccgkl akh lpazzpiixz ~u`cgj pecaxgikz+ Xihaw bgz `uzgkezz ~uccz gk keapcw (0>>fgccgik# fadgkl gx xbe ceahep gk xbe U+Z+ jpaox `eep fapdex+00+
Oipfucaxeh fapdexgkl
= Az zfacc jif~akgez ajbgeve zujjezz# xbew gkevgxa`cw five xi|aph fipeoipfucaxeh fapdexgkl+ @izxik @eep pejekxcw `elak a (15 fgccgik xecevgzgik ahvepxgzgkl jaf~aglk+Xbe jif~akw ki| ef~ciwz fipe xbax 1<5 zacez ~ei~ce akh baz a fapdexgkl he~apxfekx xbax jappgezik fapdex pezeapjb# ahi~xgkl zife io xbe xiicz uzeh gk ~pioezzgikaccw puk fapdexgkl jif~akgez+:+
Gkxpe~pekeupgac fapdexgkl
= Fakw caple jif~akgez lex zxujd gk oipfucaxeh fapdexgkl# ~ipgklivep xbe caxezx paxgklz# zjakkgkl pezeapjb pe~ipxz# xpwgkl xi ogke&xuke heacep pecaxgikz akh ahvepxgzgklfezzalez+ Xbeze jif~akgez cajd xbe jpeaxgvgxw akh ~azzgik io xbe lueppgcca fapdexepz gk xbeekxpe~pekeupgac zxale+: Xbegp `pakh akh ~pihujx fakalepz keeh xi zxapx cgvgkl |gxb xbegp juzxifepzakh vgzuacg}gkl ke| |awz xi ahh vacue xi xbegp juzxifepz‗ cgvez+
 
XBE ZJI^E IO FAPDEXGKL
Fapdexgkl ~ei~ce ape gkvicveh gk fapdexgkl 1> xw~ez io ekxgxgez= liihz# zepvgjez# er~epgekjez#evekxz# ~epzikz# ~cajez# ~pi~epxgez# iplakg}axgikz# gkoipfaxgik# akh gheaz+1+Liihz+
^bwzgjac liihz jikzxgxuxe xbe `ucd io fizx jiukxpgez‗ ~pihujxgik akh fapdexgkl eooipx+ XbeUkgxeh Zxaxez ~pihujez akh fapdexz `gccgikz io ~bwzgjac liihz# opif ellz xi zxeec xi bagp hpwepz+ Gkheveci~gkl kaxgikz# liihz ~apxgjucapcw oiih# jiffihgxgez# jcixbgkl# akh biuzgkl‘ape xbe fagkzxawio xbe ejikifw+
0+Zepvgjez+
Az ejikifgez ahvakje# a lpi|gkl ~pi~ipxgik io xbegp ajxgvgxgez ape oijuzeh ik xbe ~pihujxgik io zepvgjez+ Xbe U+Z+ ejikifw xihaw jikzgzxz io a <>‚:> zepvgjez&xi&liihz fgr+ Zepvgjezgkjcuhe agpcgkez# bixecz# akh fagkxekakje akh pe~agp ~ei~ce# az |ecc az ~pioezzgikacz zujb azajjiukxakxz# ca|wepz# eklgkeepz# akh hijxipz+ Fakw fapdex iooepgklz jikzgzx io a vapga`ce fgr io liihz akh zepvgjez+
:+Er~epgekjez
+ @w ipjbezxpaxgkl zevepac zepvgjez akh liihz# ike jak jpeaxe# zxale# akh fapdexer~epgekjez+ \acx Hgzkew \ipch‗z Falgj Dgklhif gz ak er~epgekje4 zi gz xbe Baph Pijd Jaoe+
8+Evekxz+
Fapdexepz ~pifixe xgfe&`azeh evekxz# zujb az xbe Icwf~gjz# xpahe zbi|z# z~ipxz evekxz#akh apxgzxgj ~epoipfakjez+
5+^cajez+
Jgxgez# zxaxez# pelgikz# akh kaxgikz jif~exe xi axxpajx xiupgzxz# oajxipgez# jif~akwbeahquapxepz# akh ke| pezghekxz+5 ^caje fapdexepz gkjcuhe ejikifgj heveci~fekx z~ejgacgzxz# peacezxaxe alekxz# jiffepjgac `akdz# cijac `uzgkezz azzijgaxgikz# akh ahvepxgzgkl akh ~u`cgj pecaxgikzalekjgez+
?+^pi~epxgez+
^pi~epxgez ape gkxaklg`ce pglbxz io i|kepzbg~ io egxbep peac ~pi~epxw "peac ezxaxe' ip ogkakjgac ~pi~epxw "zxijdz akh `ikhz'+ ^pi~epxgez ape `iulbx akh zich# akh xbgz ijjazgikz a fapdexgkleooipx `w peac ezxaxe alekxz "oip peac ezxaxe' akh gkvezxfekx jif~akgez akh `akdz "oip zejupgxgez'+
<+Iplakg}axgikz+
Iplakg}axgikz ajxgvecw |ipd xi `ugch a zxpikl# oavipa`ce gfale gk xbe fgkh io xbegp  ~u`cgjz+ ^bgcg~z# xbe Huxjb ecejxpikgjz jif~akw# ahvepxgzez |gxb xbe xal cgke# –Cex‗z Fade Xbgklz@exxep+‖ Xbe @ihw Zbi~ akh @ek / Meppw‗z aczi lagk axxekxgik `w ~pifixgkl zijgac jauzez+Ukgvepzgxgez# fuzeufz# akh ~epoipfgkl apxz iplakg}axgikz `iizx xbegp ~u`cgj gfalez xi jif~exe fipezujjezzouccw oip auhgekjez akh oukhz+
2+Gkoipfaxgik+
Xbe ~pihujxgik# ~ajdalgkl# akh hgzxpg`uxgik io gkoipfaxgik gz ike io zijgexw‗z famip gkhuzxpgez+? Afikl xbe fapdexepz io gkoipfaxgik ape zjbiicz akh ukgvepzgxgez4 ~u`cgzbepz io ekjwjci~ehgaz# kikogjxgik `iidz# akh z~ejgacg}eh fala}gkez4 fadepz io JHz4 akh Gkxepkex \e` zgxez+XBE HEJGZGIKZ XBAX FAPDEXEPZ FADEFapdexgkl fakalepz oaje a bizx io hejgzgikz gk bakhcgkl fapdexgkl xazdz+ Xbeze pakle opif famip hejgzgikz zujb az |bax ~pihujx oeaxupez xi hezglk gkxi a ke| ~pihujx# bi| fakw zacez~ei~ce xi bgpe#ip bi| fujb xi z~ekh ik ahvepxgzgkl# xi fgkip hejgzgikz zujb az xbe |iphgkl ip jicip oip ke| ~ajdalgkl+Afikl xbe quezxgikz xbax fapdexepz azd "akh |gcc `e ahhpezzeh gk xbgz xerx' ape=
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Bi| jak |e z~ix akh jbiize xbe pglbx fapdex zelfekx"z'9
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Bi| jak |e hgooepekxgaxe iup iooepgkl9
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Bi| zbiuch |e pez~ikh xi juzxifepz |bi ~pezz oip a ci|ep ~pgje9
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Bi| jak |e jif~exe alagkzx ci|ep&jizx# ci|ep&~pgje pgvacz9
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Bi| oap jak |e li gk juzxifg}gkl iup iooepgkl oip eajb juzxifep9
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Bi| jak |e lpi| iup `uzgkezz9
 
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Bi| jak |e `ugch zxpiklep `pakhz9
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Bi| jak |e pehuje xbe jizx io juzxifep ajqugzgxgik akh dee~ juzxifepz ciwac9
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Bi| jak |e xecc |bgjb juzxifepz ape fipe gf~ipxakx9
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Bi| jak |e feazupe xbe ~aw`ajd FAPDEXGKL JIKJE^XZ AKH XIICZFapdexgkl `iazxz a pgjb appaw io jikje~xz akh xiicz xi bec~ fapdexepz ahhpezz xbe hejgzgikz xbew fuzxfade+ \e |gcc zxapx `w heogkgkl fapdexgkl akh xbek hezjpg`gkl gxz famip jikje~xz akh xiicz+HEOGKGKL FAPDEXGKL=\e jak hgzxgklugzb `ex|eek a zijgac akh a fakalepgac heogkgxgik oip fapdexgkl+ Ajjiphgkl xi a zijgacheogkgxgik# fapdexgkl gz a zijgexac ~pijezz `w |bgjb gkhgvghuacz akh lpiu~z i`xagk |bax xbew keehakh |akx xbpiulb jpeaxgkl# iooepgkl# akh erjbaklgkl ~pihujxz akh zepvgjez io vacue opeecw |gxbixbepz+Az a fakalepgac heogkgxgik# fapdexgkl baz ioxek `eek hezjpg`eh az –xbe apx io zeccgkl ~pihujxz+‖ @ux^exep Hpujdep# a ceahgkl fakalefekx xbeipgzx# zawz xbax –xbe agf io fapdexgkl gz xi fade zeccgklzu~epocuiuz+ Xbe agf io fapdexgkl gz xi dki| akh ukhepzxakh xbe juzxifep zi |ecc xbax xbe ~pihujxip zepvgje ogxz bgf akh zeccz gxzeco+ Gheaccw# fapdexgkl zbiuch pezucx gk a juzxifep |bi gz peahw xi `uw+‖ Xbe Afepgjak Fapdexgkl Azzijgaxgik iooepz xbgz fakalepgac heogkgxgik= –
Fapdexgkl "fakalefekx' gz xbe ~pijezz io ~cakkgkl akh erejuxgkl xbe jikje~xgik# ~pgjgkl# ~pifixgik# akh hgzxpg`uxgik io gheaz# liihz# akh zepvgjez xi jpeaxe erjbaklez xbax zaxgzow gkhgvghuac akh iplakg}axgikac liacz
+
JIPE FAPDEXGKL JIKJE^XZXaplex Fapdexz akh Zelfekxaxgik
A fapdexep jak papecw zaxgzow evepwike gk a fapdex+ Kix evepwike cgdez xbe zafe ziox hpgkd#auxifi`gce# jiccele# akh fivge+ Xbepeoipe# fapdexepz zxapx |gxb fapdex zelfekxaxgik+ Xbew ghekxgowakh ~piogce hgzxgkjx lpiu~z io `uwepz |bi fglbx ~peoep ip pequgpe vapwgkl ~pihujxz akh fapdexgklfgrez+ Fapdex zelfekxz jak `e ghekxgogeh `w erafgkgkl hefilpa~bgj# ~zwjbilpa~bgj# akh `ebavgipachgooepekjez afikl `uwepz+ Xbe ogpf xbek hejghez |bgjb zelfekxz ~pezekx xbe lpeaxezx i~~ipxukgxw‘ xbize |bize keehz xbe ogpf jak feex gk a zu~epgip oazbgik+Oip eajb jbizek xaplex fapdex# xbe ogpf heveci~z a fapdex iooepgkl+ Xbe iooepgkl gz ~izgxgikeh gk xbefgkhz io xbe xaplex `uwepz az hecgvepgkl zife jekxpac `ekeogx"z'+ Oip eraf~ce# _icvi heveci~z gxzjapz oip xbe xaplex fapdex io `uwepz oip |bif auxifi`gce zaoexw gz a famip jikjepk+ _icvi# xbepeoipe# ~izgxgikz gxz jap az xbe zaoezx a juzxifep jak `uw+A
 lci`ac gkhuzxpw
 
gz ike gk |bgjb xbe zxpaxelgj ~izgxgikz io jif~exgxipz gk famip leilpa~bgj ip kaxgikac fapdexz ape oukhafekxaccw aooejxeh `w xbegp ivepacc lci`ac ~izgxgikz+Lci`ac ogpfz‘`ixbcaple akh zfacc‘~cak# i~epaxe# akh jiiphgkaxe xbegp ajxgvgxgez akh erjbaklez ik a |ipch|ghe `azgz+
Fapdexepz akh ^piz~ejxz
Akixbep jipe jikje~x gz xbe hgzxgkjxgik `ex|eek fapdexepz akh ~piz~ejxz+ A fapdexep gz zifeike|bi gz zeedgkl a pez~ikze "axxekxgik# a ~upjbaze# a vixe# a hikaxgik' opif akixbep ~apxw# jacceh xbe ~piz~ejx+ Go x|i ~apxgez ape zeedgkl xi zecc zifexbgkl xi eajb ixbep# `ixb ape fapdexepz+
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Dineshsumathiselvi

This Notes really very nice & easy. your give good example.so i want this note.pls sent my ID: seethamani36@yahoo.com

reply03 / 21 / 2011
Sudheer Godara

very nicely explained with proper examples

reply09 / 21 / 2010
shaby-zee-64

i m really very impressed by ur notes! can u plz mail me these noted on shahzeb7815@yahoo.com

reply11 / 12 / 2009
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