Professional Documents
Culture Documents
, .
. (Skinner)
(Chomsky) (Creative
1.
2.
,
.
3.
BTM3103
(Skinner)
(Chomsky)
Audio Lingualism
Communicative Approach
Transformational Approach
Webster .
.
, , ,
. ,
.
. ?
,
. ,
.
1. (Skinner)
1.
BTM3103
2.
3.
4.
, .
5.
; ;
; .
6.
. ,
.
7.
:i.
.
ii.
,
iii.
.
.
8.
. .
.
9.
, , (Adjustment)
.
10.
11.
; ;
.
12.
1.
- .
2.
- .
BTM3103
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
, ,
.
; ..
1.
3.
.
4.
5.
6.
1.1
.
.
Robert M. Gagne .
8 :
o
o
o /
o
BTM3103
o
o
o
o
1.2
(Audio Lingualism)
20- .
.
. , ,
, .
.
,
.
,
.
.
. , .
BTM3103
, Naom Chomsky
( Communicative Approach) .
2. (Chomsky)
, ,
. ,
,
.
, .
, ,
.
, , , ,
.
, :
(kreatif) ;
BTM3103
.
, ,
.
.
.
,
.
. ,
.
& - ,
.
:
5 :
.
; .
.
, .
.
BTM3103
. .
.
.
;
.
1. ,
.
( 3 )
2. ,
.
(Naom Chomsky)
.
( 3 )
, .
BTM3103
. .
.
. ,
, , ,
.
.
.
:
1.
2.
3.
4.
!
.
BTM3103
2.1 .
*
*
. : , , ,
, ;
2.2
*
BTM3103
*
.
*
. : .
.
.
.
.
, .
,
.
2.3
*
.
*
;
.
. : 2- :1.
2.
.
.
BTM3103
;
,
.
()
( ) 2-
.
.
2.4
, .
*
*
.: .
.
.
*
2.5
*
*
,
.
*
. .
BTM3103
*
(
.
1
.
i.
' ' '',
''
''
.
''
'' '' '' .
______________________________________________________
ii.
______________________________________________________
iii.
, ,
, .
______________________________________________________
iv.
______________________________________________________
v.
' '
.
______________________________________________________
vi.
?
______________________________________________________
BTM3103
' '
'
.
vii.
'
______________________________________________________
( )
2
. ,
; .
()
(2 )
()
(1 )
()
(1 )
,
.
, .
, .
. , , , ,
.
. .
BTM3103
:
1.
2.
3.
BTM3103
2.1
- .
- Davidson :
*
.
* .
* .
- :
1.
2.
.
/
/
3.
/
/
BTM3103
http://tep.uoregon.edu/resources/librarylinks/articles/benefits.html
http://www.vcld.org/pages/newsletters/00_01_spring/coll_teach.htm
2.2
- .
-
.
- .
- Slavin :* .
* .
- :
* .
*
*
BTM3103
2.3
1.
*
*
.
*
.
* ,
.
?
.
, ,
2.
*
* .
* .
* .
* , , , ,
BTM3103
.
3.
* .
* .
* .
* .
* .
* .
* .
4.
*
*
* ,
*
*
*
*
5.
*
*
*
*
*
6.
*
*
7.
* - .
* - .
* .
* - ,
* .
* .
BTM3103
8.
* .
* .
.
* .
* .
* .
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self_access_language_learning_centers
,
?
!
!
?
,
,
, ,
5
1.
2.
BTM3103
3. (/)
4.
5.
1.
2.
,
,
1. .
2.
.
3. .
4.
,
.
5.
/
.
( / )
BTM3103
http://www.techlearning.com/techlearning/events/techforum06/ScottLeDuc_LearningMa
stery.pdf
2.5
. . ,
, .
.
,
-. .
*
, ,
.
* .
* .
*
.
BTM3103
* .
* .
* .
*
.
&
http://www3.telus.net/linguisticsissues/constructivist.html
1
()
BTM3103
.
(i) _________________________________________________
(ii)
_________________________________________________
(iii) _________________________________________________
(iv) _________________________________________________
(v) ________________________________________________
()
(i) _________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
(ii)
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
()
1 . .
2
.
.
i.
BTM3103
ii.
iii.
!
. ...
( 4 )
BTM3103
! ? .
. , ,
, , ,
, .
.
.
.
.
,
1.
2.
.
3. .
BTM3103
()
?
-
.
.
.
Za'ba (1952) ~
, ,
.
Lado (1964) , Broto (1974) , Bullock (1975) & Ishak Harun (1979) ~
, .
Chomsky (1965) ~
.
Koh Boh Boon (1981) ~
/
.
BTM3103
3.1
3.2
o ,
.
o
o .
BTM3103
o
o
o ,
.
o
.
o .
o , , ,
.
, , , .
BTM3103
.
.. , .
, , .
.. .
, , ,
.
, .
.. ?
.
.. ? ?
.
.. ..., .
( )
.
BTM3103
.
.. .
.
.
i. ?
ii. ?
iii. ?
.
. , ,
.
,
.
3.4 :
1.
- -
- - - -
- -
- - -
-
- - -
2.
- :
-
3.
- ( )
BTM3103
- ( )
-
4.
- - ( , , , )
-
-
5.
-
-
6.
- / .
- / .
- .
- .
7.
- .
-
-
-
8.
9. .
, ,
, , .
.
.
3.5
.
. .
.
BTM3103
.
.
. , .
. :
- , , ,
.
- .
- /
.
- (//
)
-
? ?
. , , .
,
. , .
.
/
.
.
.
?
? ( , )
" " , .
1.
BTM3103
.
( 2 )
2. .
.
.
. .
( 3 )
. .
.
,
.
, .
.
.
:
1.
2.
BTM3103
3.
4.
5.
BTM3103
...
,
.
?
?
?
?
.
.
BTM3103
. (Stanford University)
(Dwight Allen) 1960
.
.
.
.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
, .
7.
,
, .
8.
,
.
BTM3103
BTM3103
, .
.
, .
.
.
(eksplisit)
(implisit)
.
.
BTM3103
.
. .
.
, ,
.
.
. .
.
. , ,
.
.
.
.
. , ,
, ,
.
1
1.
?.
BTM3103
2.
3.
4.
5.
.
( 3 )
.
.
.
. .
,
.
( 3 )
! .
. .
.
BTM3103
, .
, ,
, ,
.
. .
.
.
.
1.
,
.
2.
, ,
.
BTM3103
5.1
,
.
.
?
:1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
5.2
11.
9.
,
10.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
BTM3103
;
(sistem kognitif)
(Mayer, 1977)
; ;
.
(Fraenkel, 1980)
,
.
(Beyer, 1991)
.. ? , .
? , .
: Pemikiran Kritis
1.
2.
Pemikiran Kriatif
1.
2.
BTM3103
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
/
/
PENERAPAN
,
,
.
.
http://www.asa3.org/ASA/education/think/critical.htm
1.
2.
BTM3103
1. RM5.00
2.
BTM3103
3.
1.
/
(+) / (-)
/ ?
?
(+)
2. ,
.
.
(+)
3.
4.
(-)
(+)
5.3
,
.
BTM3103
; .
.
.
.
1.
, ,
?
2.
, , ,
?
, , , ,
BTM3103
3.
4.
5.
, ?
6.
, ,
?
7.
8.
http://www.thirteen.org/edonline/concept2class/mi/index.html
5.4
1. .
2. .
3. .
, ?
BTM3103
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
..
.
BTM3103
http://myschoolnet.ppk.kpm.my/~kmd/kmdtest.htm.
http://www.geocities.com/smkjohari/kmd.htm
5.5
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
?
.
()
(i)
___________________________________________________
(ii)
___________________________________________________
(iii)
___________________________________________________
(iv)
___________________________________________________
(v)
___________________________________________________
()
BTM3103
(i)
___________________________________________________
(ii)
___________________________________________________
(iii)
___________________________________________________
(iv)
___________________________________________________
(v)
___________________________________________________
(1 )
2
, , , ,
.
.
.
( 3 )