Celtic Music

Sabrina Miller Bubba Wyman

In th the b beginning: g nn ng:

http://youtube.com/watch?v=_NfNb1Hwl4U&feature=related http://youtube.com/watch?v=5HeErNyKTbo&feature=related http://youtube.com/watch?v=kIJSdUNTq6Q&feature=related http://youtube.com/watch?v=bqPNSirU0Og&feature=related http://youtube.com/watch?v=uESKSGSOZvY&feature=related

Introduction
The ancestors Th t of f the th Celts C lt were the th people l of f the th Urnfield culture, so-called because they buried their dead in cremation urns in flat ground. Between 1200 and 700 BC, they spread westward t df from th their i eastern t E European homeland into the area of modern Austria, Germany, Switzerland, and France. Here, there culture developed into a recognizably Celtic f form. Th The earliest li stage of f Celtic C l i culture l is i called the Hallstatt, after a village in the Austrian Salzkammergut where archeologists discovered important artifacts. At hallstatt and other places with the 'hall' (salt) name - Hallein, Helle, Schwabisch Hall - the Celts' wealth was based upon salt extraction and sale. The technology gy of iron, too, was embraced by y innovative Celtic blacksmiths, who produced the best metal in Europe, which was in great demand outside Celtic Areas. An important two-way y trade developed p between the Celts and the Greeks, both in their homeland, and their colonies in what is now southern France.

 Food and feasting was important in early Celtic societies, and lavish hospitality still survives The Celts were also skilled and inspired stonemasons and metalworkers. metalworkers Celtic art is widely recognized for its originality and outstanding quality

 These days most people think of Ireland and Scotland ( d for f us Cape C B ) when h they h hear h h term Celtic C li (and Breton) the music, however its meaning reaches far beyond the borders of Ireland and Scotland Scotland. Celtic music is a generic term that encompasses the songs and music, traditional to contemporary, p y of the Celts, namely y the Irish, Scottish, Welsh, Cornish, Manx (from the Isle of Man), Breton (from Brittany in France) and Galician (from Galicia in S i ) peoples. l Spain)

The Celtic culture can be observed in p places like:

Ireland Scotland S tl d Cape Breton Wales part of United Kingdom Cornwall westernmost point of the English mainland Brittany historical region in France Galicia region in Spain Asturias region in northwestern Spain I l of Isle fM Man
between the coasts of Northern Ireland and England

Celtic Music
Celtic music is music that evolved from the folk music traditions of the Celtic people of Northern Europe. There is no real collection of music that can specifically described as Celtic. Celtic music mainly means two things. The first is the music of the people calling themselves Celts ( a non-musical, non-musical more political definition) definition), as opposed to saying French music or English music. And the second is whatever meaningful qualities may be unique to the music of the Celtic Nations. Some insist there is absolutely nothing in common, such as Geoff Wallis and Sue Wilson in their book The Rough g Guide to Irish Music, , whereas others, , such as Alan Stivell, , say y there is. Most often, the use of the term Celtic music is used referring to the music of Ireland and Scotland, because both places have created well-known distinctive styles which actually have genuine commonalities and clear mutual influences. The Irish and p of Scottish traditional musicians themselves are famous because of the importance Irish h people l in the h English l h speaking k world. ld The music of Whales, Cornwall, Isle of Man, Brittany, Northumbria, Galicia, Cantabria and Asturias, and Northern Portugal are also part of Celtic Music, the Celtic tradition being particularly strong in Brittany, where Celtic festivals, both large and small, ll take t k place l throughout th h t the th year.

http://www.ramsisle.com/celtic/webradio.htm#Scottish%20Gaelic

types
Jig 6/8 Ji Reel 2/4 (reel) ( ) aa bb (j (jig) g) cc dd ( (reel) ) ab cd The jig and the reel are together at times.

Instruments
BagpipesB i http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3n9hbYwZZqk
using enclosed reeds fed from a constant reservoir of air in the form of a bag. A bagpipe minimally consists on an air supply, a bag, a chanter, and usually a drone. Some bagpipes also have additional drones

Melodeon-http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aK_HSyWpsqY A diatonic
button accordion, its a type of button accordion where the melody-side keyboard is limited to the notes of diatonic scales in a small number of keys (sometimes only one). The bass side usually contains the principal chords of the instrument's key and the root notes of those chords.

 Concertina-http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H_5HqVSMFyc

free reed instrument bellows and buttons typically yp y on both ends. When p pushed, the buttons travel in the same direction as the bellows, unlike accordion buttons which travel perpendicularly to it. Also, each button produces one note. eight double courses of gut strings tuned similarly to lutes, and plucked with fingertips. It has a body with a teardrop-shaped soundboard, or one which is essentially oval in shape, with a sound hole, or sound holes, of varying shapes which are open .

Mandolin-http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_wmg1wuSMGA p y g

 Button Accordion Accordion-http://www.youtube.com/watch?v http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S S_Va0ojp Va0ojp-Dk Dk On button

accordions the melody-side keyboard consists of a series of buttons. A chromatic button accordion is a type of button accordion where the melody-side keyboard consists of uniform rows of buttons arranged so that the pitch increases chromatically along l di diagonals l

Piano Accordion- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cVUI1rKGxtA A type of

accordion having a right-hand or left-hand keyboard similar to a piano.

 Hammered dulcimer-http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sIwqU_8U7iM is
a stringed musical instrument with the strings stretched over a trapezoidal sounding board. The instrument is typically set at an angle on a stand in front of the musician, who holds a small mallet, mallet called a hammer in each hand with which to strike the strings. invented in Iran roughly 2000 years ago, where it is called a Santur. A goatskin head is tacked to one side. side The other side is open ended for one hand to be placed against the inside of the drum head to control the pitch and timbreSome professional modern bodhrn integrate mechanical tuning systems similar to those used on drums found in drum kits.

Bodhran-http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QSRytQKzS1k

Composers

Julia Clifford
Born Julia Murphy in; June 19 J 19, 1914 June J 18 1997 18, Born in Lisheen, Gneeveguilla, a small village in County Kerry, Ireland a fiddler and Irish traditional musician taught the fiddle by noted fiddler from the same area, Padraig O'Keeffe. moved to Scotland and worked as a maid and in 1941 married accordion player John Clifford In the Eighties and Nineties her reputation grew, being invited to perform at folk clubs and festivals festivals. She performed on trips back to Ireland and was introduced to TV audiences

Frances Black
born in Dublin and her musical career began at 17, professional singing debut was in 1986 joined the band Arcady j y in 1988 first appeared as a solo artist on the music scene in the early 1990s involvement in the Woman's Heart albums and tours placed Frances firmly in the public eye has since released seven best-selling solo albums, including her critically acclaimed album How How High the Moon Moon Musical associations: The Black Family: 1986-1988, 2000present Arcady: 1988-1992 Frances/Kieran Goss: 1992-1993 solo: 1993 1993- present

Chrissy Crowley
the latest young Celtic musician to g from Cape p Breton emerge traditional fiddler and recording artist http://www.chrissycrowley.com/rec ordings.htm g http://www.youtube.com/watch?v= w-L3GgrsIKI

Erik Chisholm
Born 4 J B January 1904 Glasgow, Scotland Died 8 June 1965 Cape Town, South Africa Composer and conductor Organist, choirmaster, director He had formed the Scottish Ballet Society (1928) and the Active Society for the Propagation of Contemporary Music (1929) with Francis George Scott and Pat Shannon

William Coulter
A renowned dC Celtic l i composer, guitarist, performer, recording artist, and teacher Since 1981 he has explored the world of traditional music as a soloist. Earned a second master's degree in music from the University of California-Santa California Santa Cruz in Ethomusicology B Born 1959 Origin O i i Ridgewood, Rid d New Jersey, USA Genre- Traditional Irish, folk, jazz Occupationp Composer/Musician Instrument- Guitar Years active- 1981 to Present

Ronan Browne
I Irish i h musician i i and d composer who plays the uilleann pipes. Has contributed music to the film soundtracks of Circle of Friends, Robin of Loxely, The Secret of Roan Inish, Streets of Gold, Gangs of New York, and the television series, B i i it All B Bringing Back kH Home Has been involved in over 75 album recordings since his first venture into the studio in 1982 W Was born b i in D Dublin bli i in 1965 into a very strong musical background His grandmother, Delia, the wife of Dr. T.J. Kiernan, Irish Ambassador to the Vatican, Australia, Germany, USA, and Canada, brought Irish musical culture lt to t audiences di throughout the world.