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KIM TON NNG LNG TI CC TA NH CAO TNG V XUT PHNG N S !

NG NNG LNG HI"U #U$


ENERGY AUDITION FOR MULTIFLOOR BUILDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR EFFECTIVE USE OF ENERGY
TRN VINH TNH Trng i hc Bch khoa, i hc Nng

T%M T&T Bi bo gii thiu chu trnh xy dng d n kim ton nng lng v cc ph ng php !" d#ng nng lng hiu $u% trong cc c !& !%n xu't v trong cc t() nh n*i chung+ ,) tr-n k.t $u% c/) c0ng tc kim ton 1 xc 12nh ti3m nng ti.t kim nng lng v 13 r) ph ng n !" d#ng nng lng m4t cch hiu $u%+ 5# th & 1y l 6ng d#ng kim ton nng lng t7i trung tm h8c liu 9::;<= thu4c >7i h8c > ?@ngA A'ST(ACT :hi! )rticlB introducB! thB procB!! oC building )n BnBrgyD)uditing proEBct )nd mBthod! Cor u!ing BnBrgy BCCiciBncy in m)nuC)cturing pl)nt! )nd othBr building!+ B)!Bd on thB Cinding!A !omB rBcommBnd)tion! )rB m)dB on hoF to u!B thB BnBrgy Bconomic)lly+ GpBciCic)llyA thB BnBrgy )udition h)! bBBn )ppliBd )t thB HnCorm)tion IB!ourcB! 5BntBr oC ,)n)ng JnivBr!ity+

T VN Hin nay, trc tnh hnh ti nguyn nng lng ngy cng khan hi nh nc ta, !ic "# $%ng nng lng tit ki ! hiu &u' l u tin &uan tr(ng tr)ng ch*nh "+ch nng lng &u,c gia- ./ gi' tiu th% nng lng, trc tin c0n 1h'i c2 c+c h)3t 45ng &u'n l6 nng lng 5t c+ch ch7t ch8 c9a c+c c:ng ty, c+c c; "< tiu th% nng lng 4/ t ra c+c ti= nng tit ki nng lng- V th, !ic tin hnh ki/ t)+n nng lng l r>t c0n thitTin hnh ki/ t)+n nng lng l 4/ ?+c 4@nh nhAng B5 1hCn "# $%ng 4in lDng 1h*, nhCn $in c+c c; h5i tit ki ! 4= ?u>t gi'i 1h+1 tit ki nng lng ch) trung tE - Tuy ti= nng tit ki nng lng < trung tE l kh+ BF nhng nu c:ng t+c ki/ t)+n 4c Gng $%ng 1hH Bin trn 5t &uy : r5ng ln th nc ta "8 khai th+c 4c 5t nguIn nng lng c2 "Jn r>t ln tK !ic tit ki 1. Gii thiu chu trnh xy dng d n kim t n n!ng "#$ng %& '( d)ng n!ng "#$ng hiu *u+ 1.1. Chu trnh xy dng d n kim ton nng lng Li/ t)+n nng lng l h)3t 45ng nhM 4+nh gi+ thNc tr3ng h)3t 45ng c9a 5t h th,ng nng lng 4/ c2 th/ ?+c 4@nh c+c 1h0n t# "# $%ng nng lng lDng 1h*, nhCn $in 4c c+c c; h5i tit ki ! 4= ?u>t gi'i 1h+1 tit ki nng lng- Li/ t)+n nng lng giO1 chOng ta ?+c 4@nh 4c khuynh hng tiu th% ! ti= nng tit ki nng lng c9a c+c thit B@ kh+c nhau nhP 45ng c;, +y B; , h th,ng chiu "+ng, th:ng gi2, 4i=u h)Q Rhu trnh ?Ey $Nng $N +n ki/ t)+n nng lng 4c th/ hin &ua "; 4I kh,i "auP

Hnh 1: Cc bc x !"ng !" n #TN$ 1.2. S dng nng lng hiu u! trong "" "# $% ti&u th nng lng S# $%ng nng lng tit ki ! hiu &u' l "# $%ng nng lng 5t c+ch h1 l6, !Ka 49 4/ 4' B') nhu c0u nng lng c0n thit ch) c+c &u+ trnh "'n ?u>t, $@ch !% ! "inh h)3tV !Cy, < 4Ey 4= ti gii thiu c% th/ 5t ", 1h;ng 1h+1 "# $%ng nng lng hiu &u' c2 th/ +1 $%ng ch) c+c c; "< tiu th% 4in nh "auP 1%&%1% '( !)ng n*ng +,ng -rong cc c. /0 /1n x23T- R'i tin, h1 l* h2a &u+ trnh 4,t nhin liuU- H1 l* h2a &u+ trnh gia nhit, l l3nh ! chuy/n h2a nhit nng thnh c; nngV- Wi' tHn th>t nhit $) truy=n nhitX- S# $%ng l3i nhit th'iY- R'i tin, h1 l* h2a &u+ trnh chuy/n nhit nng thnh 4in nng, 4in nng thnh c; nngZ- Wi' tHn th>t tr)ng truy=n t'i, 1hEn 1h,i, "# $%ng 4in nng[- \Na ch(n, thay th h1 l* nguIn nng lng "# $%ng nhM 43t hiu &u' ca) h;n]- ^h+t tri/n "# $%ng c+c nguIn nng lng c2 kh' nng t+i t3)1%&%&% '( !)ng n*ng +,ng -rong cc -4a nh .,i !i c+c t_a nh, !ic tit ki ! "# $%ng hiu &u' nng lng 1h'i 4c t*nh 4n ngay tK khEu thit kP T- TCn $%ng c+c 4i=u kin tN nhin h)7c c+c gi'i 1h+1 c>u t3) kin trOc th*ch h1 nhM gi' tiu ha) nng lng ch) chiu "+ng, th:ng gi2, l +t ! "<i > U- S# $%ng c+c !Ct liu c+ch nhit 4c "'n ?u>t th`) tiu chuan tit ki nng lng 4/ h3n ch !ic truy=n nhit &ua tbng, c#a ra !) ! c#a "HV- S# $%ng c+c thit B@ ch t3) th`) tiu chuan tit ki nng lng 4/ lc1 47t tr)ng t_a nh1.'. C(ng " kim ton ./ 1h%c !% ch) c:ng !ic ki/ t)+n ! Gc 45 tiu th% nng lng, < 4Ey "# $%ng ch9 yu l thit B@ dITeR c9a R:ng ty .in lNc . NJng ! "N hf tr t*nh t)+n c9a e?c`l- Lt &u' 4) "8 lu l3i tr)ng +y dITeR th`) thbi gian l>y gu ta ci 47t ! 4c ?u>t ra &ua +y t*nh $i $3ng hil`-$at nhb "N hf tr c9a 1h0n = dc) - dh)r , ng)i ra c_n c2 5t ", thit B@ 4) 43c kh+c nh V:n k, i 1` kQ

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ju+ trnh 4) 43c ! t*nh t)+n nh trn +1 $%ng ch) tKng l)3i 1h% t'i tr)ng trung tE l c; "< 4/ 4+nh gi+ Gc 45 tiu th% 4in nng- Rkng !i !ic 4i "Eu nghin cGu tnh tr3ng kl thuCt thit B@, ta c2 th/ 4a ra nhAng 1h;ng +n nEng ca) hiu &u' "# $%ng nng lng,. - xu.t cc /h#0ng n '( d)ng n!ng "#$ng hiu *u+ ch cc t12 nh& 23 4y "5nh6 J T*ng nhiF- 7K 7iL2 h4a -rong Mh4ng% J H nhiF- 7K nc 0 -hM gi1i nhiF-% R2 th/ thay h th,ng ny BMng th+1 l +t BMng nc 4,i !i c+c +y l3nh "# $%ng th+1 l +t BMng gi2 hiu "u>t th>173 8 th9ng x( ": kh;ng kh: <=t '&n >8?6 J $NM 7O- bK E'P: m .i=u chnnh lu lng c9a &u3t BMng c+ch lc1 47t B5 4i=u t,c VSo !i !_ng 4i=u khi/n k*n 4) nhit 45 1h_ng- Tit ki nng lng 4in tiu th% ch) &u3t kh)'ng Vpq ! c2 th/ l ca) h;nJ 8K- /Q gi1i MhM khc: m S# $%ng 4bng ,ng tr_n 4/ l>y kh* tN nhin !) ch) c+c iHrm Wi' thi/u !Ct c'n 4,i !i 40u !) c9a B5 1hCn thu kh* hIim R2 Bin 1h+1 thbng ?uyn l "3ch ng l(c, B5 l(c ! c+nh &u3tm Thbng ?uyn ki/ tra 45 cng $Ey cur)a 4/ 4' B') hiu "u>t truy=n c:ng "u>tm \)3i Bs nhAng chf r_ rn tr)ng 4bng ,ngm Nu c2 th/ th nn gi' thi/u tr< lNc c9a h th,ng BMng c+ch 4@nh kt c'i t3), ! "inh h th,ng 4bng ,ng 4/ c+c &u3t c2 th/ l !ic !i hiu "u>t ca)m .' B') ch>t lng 4in nng cung c>1 ch) 45ng c;c3 8 th9ng 70m6 J $NM 7O- -hi5- b6 7iL2 -Qc E'P cho b.R nc +nh% m .,i !i trung tE lc1 47t thit B@ 4i=u khi/n t,c 45 45ng c; c9a +y B; "8 ch) 1hF1 gi' Vpq 4in nng tiu th%J Tha Ri b.R hiF2 /23- cao% m Thay i nhAng l)3i B; c2 hiu "u>t ca) c2 kh' nng tit ki 4c Upq 4in nng tiu th%d3 8 th9ng chi@u 'ng6 J $NM -hi5- b6 -i5- kiFR n*ng +,ng S+2or@/aA@ cho hF -hQng chi52 /ng% J Thn R1nh hF -hQng cUng -Nc 7iL2 khi<n A -*ng cng chi52 /ng -" nhiHn% J Tha 7Vi -hWi >2@n /( !)ng 7iFn c?a con ngi-

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HnhI: #hUng gian Mh4ng 7c A.F. 8 th9ng chi@u 'ng6 8 9nh gi "h:t lng "hi;u $ng. ./ ki/ tra ch>t lng c9a h th,ng chiu "+ng, < 4Ey "# $%ng 1h0n = \u?ic)n 4/ t*nh t)+n- Lt &u' 4+nh gi+ 5t 1h_ng < t0ng hai $in t*ch TTp U, gI UX B2ng 1hilli1 VZw chia thnh ] +ng nh $i 4EyP \i t*nh t)+n c2 ca) 45 ngang !i 7t Bn p,[Y m dCt 45 c:ng "u>tP ^){ [-]Y|wx U} m .5 r(i trung Bnh trn ct liP ei!`{ ZUU| \u?} m .5 r(i ln nh>tP eda? {zZX | \u?} m .5 r(i nhs nh>tP e in{U[[| \u?} m Tn ",P ei!`x edin{ U,XY m Tn ",P eda?x edin{ V,Y Th`) kt &u' t*nh t)+n ta th>y ch>t lng chiu "+ng c9a trung tE r>t t,t ") !i yu c0u != 45 r(i 4,i !i 1h_ng 4(c l Vpp \u?o) nguIn cung c>1 ch) h th,ng chiu "+ng kh:ng nM tC1 trung ring nn !ic ?+c 4@nh 4in nng tiu th% c9a chOng kh:ng tin hnh 4c- Tuy nhin c2 th/ c t*nh nng lng tiu th% tr)ng th+ng V c9a h th,ng ny kh)'ng U[ppkwh-

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