7united states

Th Uitd Stts

I 1790,  Mr r v Slm, Mch log wh   cp,mrkg h r rcor ry of  Soh A o Norh Amrc. I hl ghh  h cr,  Erop colol omo Soh A grw  h w Amrc poly vlop, lmo o hoSoh A rrv o Amrc hor. Alog wh occol mgc,crc rr,  rlgo mc, om m pblc gr v- Amrc, clg Swm Vvk,  h-cry rlgorformr who v Chcgo o r h Worl Prlm of Rlgo 1893. Mo I who rrv  h h cry  o l prm-ly. Poplr hory mo  grop of I lv who fo hr wy o Mch  h vh cry, b hr v ory h y ob wr (Rgwmy 2000: 15–72).A h wh cry progr, Soh A  Amrc bg ocqr  lrgr polcl prpo  r o ml o U.S. ocy.Pjb w lrgly pr h ym of r lbor h  work-r cro h Brh Empr. B  mll grop of Pjb frmr r f mlr o h of hr corpr cro h Afrc  W Iopo of h mpr. Arc by prom of work  wlh by C- compy rprv org I o k chp lbor, my frmrmmgr o pr-y wr Norh Amrc. T r por of ry wBrh Colmb; h Amrc col rgo  Whgo, Orgo, Clfor h follow. T mgrory I ogh work  lmbr mll rlro. A fw ho mgr  h r wo c of h w-h cry, formg  vbl poplo of Soh A o h w co.Lk hr comporry Ch lborr, hy fogh h br -A

ParT one

beyond bollywood and broadway8

s tht pvt thm fm ig  , t tims, giig citizship(L 1999: 42–48; Js 1988: 24–56). Wh k i mis  is pv impssi, m immigts sught t fm thi  ;  muchtvi, th mg t  s succssfu.I iti t ths fms, stuts  pitic ctivists st up th Gh(vuti) Pt, s i S Fcisc u 1910. Fmus ticiistssuch s H D  kth Ds puish  spp  gizth Suth Asi cmmuit f Cifi t pps Bitish ciism. Tpt’s cstituc icu sv thus stuts  pitic miiivius i C  th Uit Stts. Amg thm  Puji -s h h iv  f s i. With iks t Gm, Ii,  thUit Kigm, th Gh Pt fm  sigict chpt i th hist f Ii tiist sistc t ci u. As W W I g, Amic Bitish fcs cush  hp f Gh t st t,  th pt m ss isitgt  th  f th .



T pputi f Suth Asis i th Uit Stts mi st,t 2,000  3,000 uti 1965, s it s imit  th cts f th Immi-gti Act f 1917. Fm th  1920s,  stig f ppictis f citizship Iis st i mti th Amic pctic f ig “hitss” s citi f citizship. I th  1900s,  f Iis, icuig kthDs, i cqui citizship, hi ths i t. B 1922, sixt-i Iish ppi f  civ Amic citizship. Tt , Bhgt SighTi,  vt f W W I, ppi f citizship ut s i custh cuts m him “hit” t th cmm m, v thugh h hgu  scitic ti tht h s f cst-Hiu,  thf, A,stck. Tis st   t f tuizti,  ft-th Iis stipp f thi citizship. I 1924, th Asitic Excusi Act s fm tstict th t f Asis it th Uit Stts  t pvt Asis fmcquiig citizship (Js 1988: 246–269; L 1999: 42–48).B th 1940s,  f thus Iis  ivig, kig,  (i smcss) ig ppt i th Uit Stts. T cut ci i t sup-pt Bitish cizti i Ii,  Psit Fki Rsvt i tpuic suppt Wist’s Chuchi’s gg isistc  tiig Iiuig W W II. Amics g t t Ii uig W W II.I 1943, thuss f Amic tps sc up Ii t hp fth Ais fm Jps ggssi  th st ft, s Bum h ct cqu  th Jps. Ispi  th 1941 Attic Cht thtpmt th ight f sf-gvmt t  pps, Ii ctivists ith U.S. gvmt t chg its s. A th , i 1946, tuizti citizship  gt t Iis, it ith quts. Aut 7,000 Iist th Uit Stts t 1948  1965. Ti ums g s i

9united states

h 1950,  Clfor’ Dlp Sgh S bcom h r I AmrcCogrm  1956.T 1965 Immgro Rform Ac g by Pr Lyo Joho h-r   w r of ml-cl profol mgro  lm. Aocl prfrc for profol  formlly c Soh A llowlrg mbr of mgr wh cpl  prol coco,  kll occ  Amrc work lf (ch  Eglh-lgg proccy) o l orh  Amrc. Sc h 1960, ocor, bm, lwyr, com-pr profol,  ohr ch grop hv bcom  fmlr pr of hU.S. ocl lcp.Sco-  hr-gro Soh A Amrc ppr o lvo,wr for wppr,  occpy vbl loco  comporry Amrcocy. Ulk h rlr Pjb lborr or colol rvolor, hwv of mgr cor  Amrc  by plrl mlclrl-m   worl of o-,  hy rrv  I, Pk, or B-glh. Alo lk h rlr mgr, hy cm wh profol ql-co  kll o cc   globl cpl worl. T Amrc, oclly  lbrl mocrcy wlcomg  w mmbr,     by hmmgr xprc, whr mmgr com o y, o j o work. T h Amrc of

Merchant on Venice, Chaos Teory,



Sakina’s Restaurant.

A wh mo loco  h por, commy clrl orgzohrogho h U S hv mpor rop o ll hr lr mwh prformc volvg mc, c,  c-rm. Occolly h mpor cl comporry hr grop from Soh A. I rcyr, h  of hgh-prol prformr from Soh A h brgo o ry,  h NRI (No R I) mrk for ch prformch grow mmly.B  go rmc lrr  ro of hrcl proc-o by Soh A r  h U S h vlop q lowly.T rly hory of Soh A hr cl prformc  Pjb H for h grop’ ow compo,  w r for ohr Soh Aporc . I h rly o m-wh cry, wh oly  fw hoSoh A  h cory, hr wr vry fw rcor hr prformc.Howvr, wh h wv of mgro h bg  h 1960,  profolprc  Nw York Cy h lowly mrg. For xmpl, h orgzoSlm Tr h poor g rg  mro v rlgo Soh A prformc  Nw York. Tr  lo  grl Soh Aprformg r vrom  Nw York. Mrm hr ow clh occol blockbr, ch  h 2003–2004 Browy mcl

BombayDreams,

whch howc Soh A chrcr.O of Nw York, comp hv pro  rc yr, ch 