gico de Costa Rica

Instituto Tecnolo
tica
Escuela de Matema

lculo Diferencial e Integral

Ca
II Semestre de 2004

Ejercicios sobre lmites

Determinaci
on de lmites de una funci
on dada su gr
afica
Considere las funciones siguientes y sus representaciones graficas. En cada caso, y si existen, determine a
partir de la grafica los lmites que se indican.
(a)

y
3

lim f (x)

x3+

(b) lim f (x)

x1

1.

(c) lim f (x)

x2

1
x
-3

-2

-1

(e)

(a)

(b)

2
1

-1,5

2.

(d) f (1); f (2)

lim f (x)

x+

lim f (x)

lim f (x)

x3/2

(c) lim f (x)

x3/2

1,5
-1

(d) f (3/2)
(e)

(a)

lim f (x)

x+

lim f (x)

(b) lim f (x)

x2

(c) lim f (x)

-2

-1

x1

(d) lim f (x)

3.

x0

-1

(e) lim f (x)

x2

(f) lim f (x)

x3

(g)

lim f (x)

x+

(a)

(b) lim f (x)

2,5

x2

2
-2

4.

lim f (x)

(c) lim f (x)

-1

x1

(d) lim f (x)

x0

(e) lim f (x)

-2

x1

(f)

(a)

lim f (x)

x+

lim g(x)

(b) lim g(x)

x3

(c) lim g(x)

x1

5.

-1

-2

(d) lim g(x)

-3

x0

(e) lim g(x)

x1

-2

(f) lim g(x)

x2

(g)

(a)
2

lim g(x)

x+

lim h(x)

(b) lim h(x)

x3

6.

-3

(c) lim h(x)

x2

-2

(d) lim h(x)

-2

x0

(e)

lim h(x)

x+

(a)

lim f (x)

(b) lim f (x)

x2

(c) lim f (x)

7.

x0

(d) lim f (x)

x2

-2

(e)

lim f (x)

x+

Construcci
on de la gr
afica de una funci
on conociendo sus lmites
En cada caso siguiente considere los datos indicados sobre la funcion f y dibuje una grafica que la represente.
1.

Dh = IR {2, 2}

f (3) = 1
lim h(x) =

lim h(x) =

lim h(x) = 2

Df = IR 0
lim f (x) = +

lim f (x) = 0
f (x) = 1, x ]0, 1[

f (2) = 2; f (3) = 1
lim f (x) = +

Dg =] , 1[]2, +[
lim g(x) = 4

lim g(x) = +

lim h(x) =

x
x3

2.

3.

6.

lim g(x) = +

x1+

lim h(x) = +

x+

x+

x2+

Df = IR] 2, 2[
lim f (x) = +

lim f (x) = 3
f (4) = 2

f (2) = f (2) = 0
lim f (x) = 2

Dg = IR [0, 1]

lim g(x) =

f (3) = f (2) = 0

lim g(x) =

f (3) = 3; f (4) = 5; f (5) =

4

lim h(x) = +

x1

lim g(x) = 3

x+

lim h(x) = 4

x4

x1+

x0

lim h(x) = 5

x2+

lim f (x) = 2

x2+

lim h(x) =

lim f (x) =

lim f (x) = 2

lim f (x) = 4

f (3) = 3 y f (2) = 1.

x2

x0

x3+

lim h(x) = 2

x+

Df = IR {0}
lim f (x) = +
x

lim f (x) = +

x2

lim f (x) =

x2+

x3

limitex+f (x) = 2

x2

x+

x2

Df = IR
lim f (x) = 2

lim g(x) = 5

x+

x2

Dh =] 3, +[{2, 3}
lim h(x) = 0

8.

x2+

x3

7.

x2+

x0

lim g(x) =

5.

lim h(x) = +

lim g(x) = +

4.

x2

x2

lim h(x) = +

lim f (x) = 1

lim f (x) = 1

lim f (x) = 1

f (2) = 1
lim f (x) = 3

x0
x0+

lim f (x) = 0
x2

x2+

x+

Calcule los siguientes lmites (si existen). En caso de que no existan, justifique su respuesta.

3
5y 15
x3 + 2x2 5x 6
1 sen r 1

20. lim
1. lim 3
39.
lim
9 2y 5
2
y3
1

x2 x + x 4x 4
r0
r

sen
z
x2 + x 6
2 6 3a + 64
40. lim
2. lim 3
21.
lim
z0 z + sen z
x3 x + 2x2 3x
a0
5a
t sen (2t)

41. lim
a3 b ab + a2
3 4 k + 82
t0
t + sen (3t)
3. lim
22. lim
ba2 2a3 2ab + b a2
k1 3 k + 28 3
1 cos3 n
42.
lim
2w3 4aw2 + 2a2 w
4h
n0
sen 2 n
4. lim 4
23. lim
wa w + aw 3 2a2 w 2
h0 5 3h 1 + 1
tan y sen y

43. lim
2z 3 3z 2 + z 4
y0
sen 3 y
1 4t 3
5. lim

24.
lim
2
z3

z6+z
t2 1 + 3 2t + 3
2 1 + cos a
44. lim

a3 3a2 a + 3
a0
sen 2 a
y |y 2|
6. lim
2
25. lim
a3
a 2a 3
y4
1 cos t
y4
45. lim
2
t0
t2
a 25
2a 6

7. lim

26. lim
a5 2 a 1
1 cos r
a3 4|a 3|
46. lim

r0
r2
x a
|t|

8. lim
27. lim
1
xa
xa
t1 t + 1
47. lim cot x

x0
sen x
2 y3
|x

2|

5
9. lim
sec(2z) tan(3z)
28. lim
y7 y 2 49
48. lim
x3 6 2|x|
z0
4z

3 5+t
x
|y + 3| |2y + 1|

10. lim
49. lim
29. lim
t4 1 5 t
x3 3 x
y2
y2 4

3x a x + a
2x5 + 3x7
|3z 2|
11. lim
50. lim
30.
lim
xa
x
xa
2x8
z2/3 |6z 2| 2
x+1

w1 3w + 6w 2 + 3

12. lim

r3
13. lim
r3
2r + 3 3

1 + 8a 3
14. lim
a1
4a 2
9 6x + x2
15. lim
x3
18 3x 3

3
10 x 2
16. lim
x2
x2 2x

3
1 + ct 1
17. lim
t0
t

3d2 5d 2 1 5d

18. lim
d1
d2 d 3 d2

1+x1
19. lim
3
x0
1+x1

5
31. lim
x5/4 |6x + 15/2|
|2 5x| + 14/3
32. lim
|4 3x|
x4/3
|3z + 1| z 2 + 5
z4 2z 1 + |5 z|

33. lim
34. lim

sen (1 x)
x1

35. lim

sen (x 1)

x1

x1

x1

36.

lim

x/4

sen x cos x
1 tan x

tan x sen x
x0
x3

37. lim

x2 + x sen x
x0 cos x 1

38. lim

x3 + x2 6x
x2 x3 3x2 + 4

51. lim
52.

lim (4x3 + 5x2 x 2)

x+

53. lim

x1

1
3

x2 1 x3

x2 + x + 3
x+ x3 + 1
x
55. lim

x0 1 cos x

54.

lim

56.

2x2 3x 4

x+
x4 + 1

57.

x2 + 1
x
x

58.

2x5 x3 + 4x
x
5x5 + 3x2

59.

lim
lim
lim
lim

x2 2x 1 + x

60.

lim

x+

sen (1/x)
1/x

75.

66.
67.

lim

lim

81. lim ln
x1+

1 + z 2 5 2z + 16z 2
2z + 3

72.

lim

b+

3b + x

b3
3b2

74.

lim x( 1 +

x2

95. lim

x+1
ln2 x

x1

a3

97.

x2 1
lim
x+
3x + 5x4

98.

x2 1
lim
x
3x + 5x4

99.

85.

lim

y+

8 w3
86. lim ln w4 + 2
w2
w 2w
|b| 1

87. lim

b1

5
4

100.

y 1 + 3y 2

101.
102.

lim

103.

lim

x+

3x
lim
x
2x2 1
lim

x+

lim

lim

x+

4x3 1

2
x + 5x + 6

89.

3x
lim
2x2 1

x+

b+1

2
x + x 2

k+

1
3

x+1

3x 3 2x 3 + 1
96. lim

x 2x 43 + 2x 2 3 x5
3

4 2y + y

88.
x)

ln3 x
x2

a 9

t5 + t2 1
73. lim
t+
3t5 t

4
sen (3x 3)

t3 + 1
84. lim ln
t3
t+1

94. lim

x0+

ex
x1 ln x
a9

1 + x + x2

1 x + x2
b2

x2+

82. lim

83. lim e

x3

x2 9

93. lim ln2 (x 2)

x
80. lim ln
+
2 + x
x2

1
2

92. lim

2
7

3z 2

4+x

1
79. lim
x+ log3 2x

5z + 1
lim
3
z+
z6 + 1 z

k 2 k k
70. lim
k
2k + 1
71.

x4

x0

4 4
r r + r2
68. lim
r
r3 r
69.

1
7

lim

78. lim

4 + 2w
3w

1 2w2
w1/2
z

x0

cot |x|

2w2

77.

3x
ln(x 2)

91. lim (e x + 1)

x3

sen (2t)
2 cos(2t) 2

lim

x2+

x3

76. lim 5

x2 3
62. lim
x 3 3 x3 + 1
x
63. lim
x0+ 1 cos x

3
2t2 + 3 t

64. lim
t+
4t + 5 1
h0

90. lim

x4 3
61. lim
x+ 2x3 + x

65. lim

w6 + w2 2
w w 5 + w 3 w
lim

4x2 6

4x2 6

e3x + 2x
1

3x
35

104.

lim 2 ln(x 6)

x+

4x2 + x
4x2 x

Continuidad de funciones
Para cada una de las siguientes funciones, determine si es continua en todos los reales.

ex
si x < 1
4
si x = 1
1. f (x) =

x + e + 1 si x > 1
(

2. f (x) =

si
x0
si 0 < x < 1
6. f (x) =

x si
x>1
x2

1
si x < 0
x
7. h(x) =
0
si x = 0

ln x si x > 0

x2
si x 0
3
x 2 si x > 0

x
si
x < 1
2
si
x = 1
3. f (x) =
x2 + 2 si 1 < x < 1

2
si
x>2

8. f (x) =

4. f (x) =

x
si
x 1
x2 + 2 si 1 < x < 1

2
si
x1

2x

5. g(x) =

0
x

9. f (x) =

si x < 1
si x = 1
si x > 1

2
1
x + 2
x2

si
si
si
si

x<0
x=0
0<x<2
x2

ex si x < 0

x si x 0

Determine los valores de a y c (si es posible) de modo que f sea continua:

(

1. f (x) =
(

2. f (x) =

3x + 7 si x 4
ax 1 si 4 < x

5. f (x) =

x1

ax 1 si x < 2
ax2
si 2 x

x
si
cx + a si
3. f (x) =

2x
si

2x + a si x < 1
5
si x 1

6. f (x) =

si x < 1
a
si x = 1

x2 + a si x > 1

3 sen x

x1
1<x<4
4x

si
x 2

a sen x + c si 2 < x <

7. f (x) =

cos x
si
x 2

x + 2c

sen 2 (4x)

si
x < 2
3ax + a si 2 x 1
4. f (x) =

3x 2a si
1<x

8. f (x) =

x2
a

si x 6= 0
si x = 0