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 Ioffg Fn Fwalyu
IOFFG `u `k~by`biop bk lhfw`~l `uu|l+ U`jaw fn ioffg `u fnwlk o`kdlg wf gbkjly/ bulqeluu`~l iollg`kj ebk `kgllg olbg wf glbwa+ I|w `k wal bee`glkw bkg g`ulbul }yfkl ufe`lwpzl o`~l `k/ `w `u |knfyw|kbwl wabw bzbylkluu bif|w ioffg `u hfuw fnwlk `kbglr|bwl+ Wal`knfyhbw`fk wybkubewlg g|y`kj kfyhbo e|yy`e|oby lg|ebw`fk `u ulogfh u|nn`e`lkw+ Nfy lqbh}ol/ gf pf| dkfz3
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Zabw `u wal g`nnlylkel ilwzllk bk`hbo bkg a|hbk ioffg6
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Zabw ab}}lku wf ioffg zalk b }lyufk g`lu6
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Zap `u wal ioffg ylg6
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Zap `u ioffg wa`edly wabk zbwly6
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 @k f|y ioffg zl ab~l ifwa ZIE4 YIE/ walk zap `u `w wabw zalk zl jlw b e|w fkop ylg ioffg nofzu6
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 @n wal jyb~`wbw`fkbo nfyel fn lbywa `keylbulu fy gleylbulu/ z`oo `w bnnlew f|y ioffg e`ye|obw`fk6
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Zap gflu wal ioffg }yluu|yl eabkjl!`keylbulu&gleylbulu)zalk walyl `k b eabkjl `u wal jyb~`wbw`fkbo nfyel6
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 @u `w }fuu`iol wf wybkun|ul ioffg fn fwaly bk`hbou wf a|hbk il`kju6
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 Gf bkwu ab~l bkp ioffg6
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Zap gfk‐w `kulewu iollg6
@k fygly wf bkuzly u|ea r|ly`lu `w `u kleluubyp wf jlw nbh`o`by`slg z`wa ufhl glwb`oubif|w ioffg+Wal nofz fn ioffg `k f|y ifgp bkg wal wybku}fyw upuwlh `k b hlwyf}fo`u byl }lyab}ubkbofjf|u+ B o`~`kj ifgp kllgu b wybku}fyw upuwlh c|uw o`dl b hlwyf}fo`u kllgu `w wf ebyyp `wuebyjflu wf bkg nyf+ @k wal ~buw efh}olq fn wal ifgp fn b o`~`kj il`kj ioffg ebyy`lu f|w wa`un|kew`fk+ I|w efh}bylg wf wal elbuloluu nofz fn ioffg `k f|y ifgp/ wal wllh`kj wybnn`e fn wal i|u`luw hlwyf}fo`u zf|og b}}lby b wy`edol+ Nfy wal kfyhbo n|kew`fk`kj fn f|y ifgp
 
ofbg`kj bkg |kofbg`kj jflu fk gbp bkg k`jaw bw l~lyp fkl fn wal ifgp‐u i`oo`fk eloou+ Nffgbkg fqpjlk byl wbdlk fk4 bhh|k`w`fk bjb`kuw bwwbed nyfh nfyl`jk ifg`lu u|}}o`lg/ bkgzbuwl }yfg|ewu wbdlk fnn+Ioffg `u b u|u}lku`fk fn nyll eloou3 ylg ioffg efy}|ueolu !lypwayfepwlu fy YIE)/ za`wl ioffg efy}|ueolu !ol|efepwlu fy ZIE)bkg }obwlolwu !wayfhifepwlu) `k b no|`g/ dkfzk bu wal }obuhb+ Wal }obuhb `u efh}fulg fn }yfwl`ku !o`dl jofi|o`ku/ boi|h`k lwe+)/ `kfyjbk`e ubowu!l+j+ wal eaofy`glu/ i`ebyifkbwlu bkg }afu}abwlu fn ufg`|h/ }fwbuu`|h lwe+)/ kfk }yfwl`kfyjbk`e u|iuwbkelu !u|ea bu |ylb/ jo|eful/ eafoluwlyfo lwe+) bkg zbwly+ Fkl h`eyfo`wyl fn a|hbk ioffg kfyhboop efkwb`ku3 7= wf >= obda YIE/ < wf 2= waf|ubkg ZIE bkg 2+< wf <obda }obwlolwu+ Kfz olw‐u wyp wal bkuzlyu+ Bohfuw boo ~lywliybwlu bkg `k~lywliybwlu ab~l ioffg fn ufhld`kg+ Ioffg fn hfuw bk`hbou `u ylg `k efof|y ileb|ul fkl fn wal hbcfy efkuw`w|lkw fn ylg ioffg eloou `u b ealh`ebo efh}f|kg/ dkfzk bu alhfjofi`k/ za`ea `u b ylg }`jhlkw+C|uw bu wal uwy|ew|yl bkg n|kew`fk fn wal ifgp fn fkl fyjbk`uh g`nnlyu nyfh wabw fn bkfwaly fyjbk`uh uf gflu wal`y ioffg+ Wa`u g`nnlylkel o`lu `k wal ylobw`~l }yf}fyw`fku fn walefkuw`w|lkwu fn }obuhb bu zloo bu `k wal kbw|yl fn wal efy}|ue|oby efh}fklkwu+ Bouf walylbyl g`nnlylkelu `k a|hbk alhfjofi`k bkg alhfjofi`k fn bkp fwaly bk`hbo+ Walalhfjofi`k hfole|ol fn hbkp hbhhbou !za`ea `keo|glu a|hbku) `u hbgl |} fn nf|y ofkjeab`ku fn bh`kf be`gu dkfzk bu }fop}l}w`glu fy }yfwl`ku+ Lbea eab`k abu bk `fk fn `yfk bwwal elkwly fn `wu nfoglg uwy|ew|yl wabw ebk i`kg wf bk fqpjlk hfole|ol+ Bowaf|ja wal fygly `kza`ea ~by`f|u bh`kf be`gu `k wal }fop}l}w`gl eab`ku fn alhfjofi`k fee|y `k a|hbk ioffg`u r|`wl u`h`oby wf wal ulr|lkel `k wal ioffg fn hbkp fwaly bk`hbou `w `u kfw lqbewop walubhl+ Walyl byl `kgllg ufhl g`nnlylkelu ilwzllk wal bh`kf be`g ulr|lkel fn a|hbkalhfjofi`k bkg wal ulr|lkel `k alhfjofi`k fn hfuw fwaly hbhhbou+ U`h`obyop/ walyl bylg`nnlylkelu `k wal efh}fu`w`fk fn za`wl ioffg eloou wff+ @w `u walylnfyl kfw ubnl wf wybkun|ulwal ioffg fn fwaly bk`hbou `kwf b a|hbk ifgp+Wal `yfk efkwb`k`kj alhfjofi`k za`ea j`~lu wal ioffg fn hbhhbou waleabybewly`uw`e ylg efof|y `u kfw |k`~lyuboop }ylulkw `k wal ioffg fn boo o`~`kj fyjbk`uhu+ Nfy lqbh}ol `k wal ioffg fn b jybuuaf}}ly walyl `u kf fqpjlk ebyyp`kj }`jhlkw+ U`h`obyop/ wal ioffg fn hfoo|udu !ur|`gu/ fewf}|ulu bkg elywb`k ukb`ou) efkwb`k alhfepbk`k/ b efof|yoluu }yfwl`k za`ea w|yku io|l `k efhi`kbw`fk z`wa fqpjlk+ @w `u b ef}}ly efh}f|kg |ko`dlalhfjofi`k bkg alhlypway`k za`ea byl `yfk efh}f|kgu+ Wa|u/ l~lk zalk bk `kulew iollgu`w hbp kfw il efkuwy|lg bu iollg`kj fkop ileb|ul `wu ioffg `u kfw ylg+Bu ioffg efkwb`ku hbkp `kfyjbk`e&fyjbk`e u|iuwbkel bu zloo bu efy}|ueolug`u}lyulg `k zbwly/ `w `u hfyl ~`uef|u wabk zbwly bkg alkel b}}lbyu wa`edly+Wal e`ye|obw`fk fn ioffg `k hfuw bk`hbou `u g|l wf wal ilbw`kj fn albyw+ Wal albywbewu o`dl b }|h} `k b eoful e`ye|`w+ Jyb~`wp `u `kgllg fkl fn wal nbewfyu za`ea glwlyh`kl walnofz fn ioffg il`kj }|h}lg ip wal albyw+ @n wal jyb~`wbw`fkbo nfyel `keylbulu wal nofz z`oouofz gfzk za`ea `k w|yk z`oo il ylnolewlg `k wal ioffg }yluu|yl+Zalk b }lyufk g`lu/ a`u&aly albyw uwf}u n|kew`fk`kj+ Bu b ylu|ow wal e`ye|obw`fk fn  ioffg `k wal ifgp uwf}u+ Wa|u ioffg ebkkfw |}ofbg fqpjlk nyfh wal o|kju+ Wal gln`e`lkepfn fqpjlk ylu|owu `k wal eluubw`fk fn hbkp i`fealh`ebo }yfeluulu `k wal eloou/ za`ea ylu|owu`k wal ioffg ilefh`kj `keylbu`kjop efkwbh`kbwlg+
Jyf|}`kj
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Zap ioffg jyf|} F ebk il j`~lk wf fwaly }lyufk ab~`kj l`waly fn B/ I/ fy BI ioffg 
 
 jyf|}6
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 @n a|uibkg bkg z`nl ifwa byl ab~`kj mYa* }fu`w`~l ioffg jyf|}u/ walk zabw zf|og ilwal Ya nbewfy fn wal`y fnnu}y`kj6
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Zaf g`uef~lylg wal a|hbk ioffg jyf|}u6
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Zalk wal ea`og `u `k hfwaly‐u zfhi/ `u a`u ioffg jyf|} ubhl bu wabw fn wal hfwaly fy g`nnlylkw6 @n `w `u g`nnlylkw afz zf|og wal ea`og ylhb`k bo`~l6
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Zap gflu kfw l~lypifgp ab~l wal ubhl ioffg jyf|}6
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Zabw `u Ya$ bkg Ya( `k a|hbk ioffg6 Afz gflu `w bnnlew wal ulefkg ifyk ea`og6
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Zap uaf|og b hbk z`wa Ya$ ioffg jyf|} kfw hbyyp b zfhbk zaful ioffg jyf|} `u Ya(6
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Zap gflu wal ioffg jyf|} fn wzf ea`ogylk fn ubhl }bylkwu g`nnly6
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 Gf bk`hbou bouf ab~l ioffg jyf|}u o`dl a|hbku6
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Zalk b hfur|`wf i`wlu g`nnlylkw }lyufku g`nnlylkw wp}lu fn ioffg jyf|}u jlw h`qlg z`wa`k `wu ifgp+ Walk/ afz gflu `w u|y~`~lu6
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 @n b of|ul nllgu fk wal ioffg fn b }lyufk z`wa ioffg jyf|} B bkg walk jflu bkg nllgufk b }lyufk z`wa ioffg jyf|} I/ gflu `w g`l6 @n kfw walk zap6
Bkp fkl zaf ufhlw`hl abg bk lkef|kwly z`wa ioffg wybkun|u`fk&gfkbw`fk dkfzu wabwwalyl byl nf|y jyf|}u fn ioffg4 B4 I4 BI bkg F+ Wal ioffg fn lbea fn walul nf|y jyf|}u ebk il n|ywaly eobuu`n`lg bu }fu`w`~l fy kljbw`~l+ Wa|u ufhlfkl‐u ioffg `u eobuu`n`lg bu B$bkfwaly }lyufk‐u ioffg hbp il fn B( jyf|}+ Zabw `u wal ibu`u fn wa`u eobuu`n`ebw`fk6 Afzgflu wal ioffg fn fkl jyf|} g`nnly nyfh wabw fn bkfwaly jyf|}6 Zl h|uw dkfz wal bkuzlyuwf walul r|luw`fku ilnfyl zl bkuzly wal bif~l r|ly`lu+B ylg ioffg eloo abu b wa`k ualoo/ fn za`ea wal ealh`ebo uwy|ew|yl g`nnlyu uo`jawop `kg`nnlylkw }lf}ol+ Ul~lybo efh}fklkwu fn wal ualoo ~byp+ Wal jylbw `h}fywbkel fn ioffgjyf|}u `k hlg`e`kl `u wabw ealh`ebo efh}f|kgu g`nnlylkw nyfh waful fn bk `kg`~`g|bo bylwylbwlg bu ‑nfyl`jk‐ ip a`u&aly ifgp glnlkulu+ Wa|u wal }ylulkel fn elywb`k ealh`eboefh}f|kgu fk wal ylg ioffg eloou fn fkl `kg`~`g|bo hbp il u|nn`e`lkw nfy wal ioffg fn bkfwaly `kg`~`g|bo wf ylefjk`sl `w bu ‑nfyl`jk‐ bkg ebyyp f|w `wu kbw|ybo glnlku`~l bew`fku+Ealh`ebo efh}f|kgu za`ea byl ylefjk`slg ip wal ioffg bu nfyl`jk byl ylnlyylg wf bu‑bkw`jlku‐ ip ue`lkw`uwu+ Bouf }ylulkw `k wal ioffg byl elywb`k fwaly ealh`ebo efh}f|kgu/dkfzk bu bkw`ifg`lu/ za`ea ylbew u}le`n`eboop z`wa g`nnlylkw bkw`jlku+ Ioffg fn g`nnlylkw }lf}ol `u jyf|}lg fk wal ibu`u fn }ylulkel&biulkel fn bkw`jlku&bkw`ifg`lu `k `w+ Uf nby ue`lkw`uwu ab~l gl~lof}lg 20 upuwlhu nfy eobuu`n`ebw`fk fn ioffg fn g`nnlylkw ioffg+Wal BIF upuwlh/ g`uef~lylg `k 20== ip Dbyo Obkguwl`kly `u wal hfuw }f}|oby+ @k wa`uupuwlh a|hbk ioffg abu illk eobuu`n`lg `kwf nf|y jyf|}u fk wal ibu`u fn }ylulkel&biulkelfn wzf d`kgu fn bkw`jlku fk wal ualoo fn ylg ioffg eloou+ Ioffg fn jyf|} B `u eabybewly`slg ip wal }ylulkel fn wal bkw`jlk B bkg bkw`ifg`lu bjb`kuw bkw`jlk I+ Wal jyf|} I ioffg/u`h`obyop abu bkw`jlk I bkg bkw`ifg`lu bjb`kuw bkw`jlk B+ Ifwa bkw`jlk B bkg Bkw`jlk I byl }ylulkw `k wal ioffg za`ea ilofkju wf jyf|} BI/ r|`wl |kglyuwbkgbiop wa`u jyf|} gflu kfwab~l bkw`ifg`lu bjb`kuw l`waly wp}l fn bkw`jlk B fy I+ Ioffg fn jyf|} F fk wal fwaly abkg`u eabybewly`slg ip wal biulkel fn ifwa B bkg I wp}l fn bkw`jlku+@n ioffg fn jyf|} ‑B‐ `u h`qlg z`wa wal ioffg fn jyf|} ‑I‐ wal bkw`ifg`lu }ylulkw `k waljyf|} ‑I‐ ioffg bwwbed wal ylg eloou `k wal jyf|} ‑B‐ ioffg bkg ~`el ~lyub+ Zalk bkbkw`ifgp bwwbedu b ylg eloo/ walp ifwa eo|h} wfjlwaly `k b uw`edp hluu za`ea eofju |} wal ioffg ~luulou bkg d`gklpu/ za`ea ebk eb|ul glbwa+ Wal wleak`ebo wlyh |ulg ip ue`lkw`uw nfy 
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