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Pqsse 2009
31
hnPbIpam¿ ªmØq¿
al-Ømb kn\n-a-Ifn-eqsS Hcp bm{X
  ]  m  ≥  k  v   e  m  _  v  d  n  ¥  v
sa-Iv-kn-t°m & kv-s]-bn≥/kv-]m-\n-jv/35 Fw.Fw. /I-f¿/120 an-\p-´v/2006
kw-hn-[m-\w: Kp-√n¿-tam sZ¬ sSm-tdm
]
Øp]{¥≠p hbp{]mbap≈Hcp s]¨Ip´nbmWv H^oenb. AhfpsS A—≥ Hcp ssSedmbncp∂p. kv]m\njvB`y¥cbp≤ImeØvAt±lw sIm√s∏´p. AΩ am{XamWhƒ°p≈Xv. I-Y-I-fm-W-h-fp-sS tem-Iw.\m-tSm-Sn-°-Y-I-fp-sS hn-kv-a-b-tem-Iw.1944 sa-bv-am-k-am-Wv Cu kn-\n-a-bn-se Im-e-L-´w. kv-s]-bn-\n¬ {^m-t¶m-bpsS ^mknÃv `cWw. Hfnt∏mcmfnIƒ]-´m-f-hp-am-bn I-Sp-Ø sN-dp-Øp-\n¬-∏n-em-Wv. Im-Sp-I-fn¬ kw-Lw tN¿-∂v K-dn-√m B{IaW߃ Ah¿ \SØp∂p≠v.
 
imkv{XtIcfw 
32
h-S-°≥ A-Xn¿-Øn-bn-se ]¿-Δ-X {]-tZiØns‚ Xmgvhcbnse {KmaØnse]-´m-f Hu-´v-t]m-Ãn-se Iym-]v-‰-\m-WvI¿°i°mc\pw {Iqc\pamb hnUm¬.]-g-b H-cp an-√m-Wv C-t∏mƒ ]-´m-f Iym- ºm-°n am-‰n-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. H-^o-en-b-bp- sS A-Ω-sb A-Sp-Ø-Im-e-Øm-bn A-bmƒ hn-hm-lw sN-bv-Xn-´p-≠v. K¿-`n-Wn-bpw A-kp-J-°m-cn-bp-am-b A-Ω-tbm-sSm-∏w ]-´m-f A-I-º-Sn-tbm-sS Zo¿-L- bm-{X-sN-bv-Xv A-h¿ Iym-ºn-te-°v h-cp-∂ C-S-Øm-Wv kn-\n-a B-cw-`n-°p-∂-Xv. H-^o-en-b I-øn¬ I-cp-Xn-b X-s‚CjvS]pkvXIßfpsS IqsS Xs∂bmWv bm-{X-bn-epw.bm-{Xbv-°n-S-bn¬ H-cp Np-≈n-{]m-Wn-sb A-hƒ Im-Wp-∂p-≠v. A-Xv A- h-sf ]n≥-Xp-S¿-∂v Iym-tºm-fw h-cp-∂p-≠v. c≠m\—s\ Ahƒ°v CjvSambn√. Iym-ºn-se G-Im-¥-X-bn¬ A-hƒ-°v B-sI-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂ Iq-´v ]-cn-Nm- cn-I-bm-b sa¿-kn-U-kv am-{X-am-Wv.H-^oen-b-bp-sS tem-e-hpw Im-ev-]-\n-I-hp-am-b kz-]v-\-tem-I-Øv \n-∂ Xn-I-®pw hy-Xy-kv-X-am-Wv ]p-d-sØ bm-Ym¿-∞yw. dn-∏-ªn-°≥ t]m-cm-fn-I-sf\n-jvTq-c-am-bm-Wv hn-Um¬ ssI-Im-cywsN-øp-∂-Xv. C-Xn-\n-S-bn¬ \n-c-]-cm-[n- Ifmb {KmaoWscbpw kwibn®v tNmZyw sNbvXv {Iqcambn sImes∏SpØp∂p-≠v. Im-´n-se t]m-cm-fn-Iƒ-°v `-£-W-hpw, a-cp-∂pw, B-bp-[-ß-fpw, hn-h-c-ßfpw e`yam°p∂ F√m hgnIfpw AS-®v A-h-sc ]p-I-®v ]p-d-Øv Nm-Sn-°m-\p≈ {iaØnemWvIym]v‰≥ hnUm¬.Iym-]v-‰-s‚ ]-cn-Nm-cn-I-bm-b sa¿-kn-U-kpw tUm-Iv-‰-dpw t]m-cm-fn-Iƒ-s°m-∏-am-sW-∂ c-l-kyw H-^o-en-b a-\nem°p∂p≠v. acp∂pw, tÃm¿apdnbp-sS Xm-t°m-epw, hn-h-c-ß-fp-sam-s°c-l-ky-am-bn sa¿-kn-U-kv Im-´n¬ F-Øn-°p-∂p-≠v. K-dn-√-Iƒ-s°m-∏w A-h-cpsS ktlmZc\pap≠v. sshInbmsW¶n-epw c-l-kyw a-\-n-em-°n-b hn-Um¬ tUm-Iv-‰-sd sh-Sn-sh-®v sIm-√p-∂p. sa¿-kn-U-kn-s\ ]o-Un-∏n-®v sIm-√m≥ {ian°p∂Xn\nSbn¬ Xs‚ ssIbnse Idn°ØnsIm≠v Iym]v‰s\ apdn-th¬-∏n-®v sa¿-kn-U-kv Im-´n-te-°vc£-s∏-Sp-∂p. ]-´m-fw ]n≥-Xp-S¿-∂v ]n- Sn-Iq-Sn-sb-¶n-epw H-fn-t∏m-cm-fn-Iƒ ]-´m- f-°m-sc ap-gp-h≥ sIm-∂v A-h-sc c-£-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.b-Ym¿-∞ Po-hn-X-Øn-se Cu kw-`h߃°v kam¥cambn H^oenb°vam-{Xw A-\p-`-h-s∏-Sp-∂ th-sdm-cp I-Y-bpw kn\nabnep≠v. H^oenbbpsS k¶¬-]-߃ am-{X-am-tWm b-Ym¿-∞-am- tWm F-∂v kn-\n-a-bn¬ ]-d-bp-∂n-√.k¶¬]IYm]m{Xßfpw bYm¿∞ Pohn-X-hpw C-S-°n-sS Iq-Sn-°p-gbp-∂p-≠v.]-´m-f-Iym-ºn¬ F-Øn-b D-S-s\-X-
 
Pqsse 2009
33
alØmb kn\naIfneqsS Hcp bm{X
s∂ ˛ X-s∂ ]n≥-Xp-S¿-∂ Np-≈n-{]m-Wn-s°m-∏w H-^o-en- b Im-Sp-aq-Sn-°n-S-∂ ]u-cm-Wn-I-am-b H-cp em-_v-dn-¥n¬ F- Øp-∂q-≠v. (A-I-Øp-I-S-∂m¬ ]p-d-Øn-d-ßm-\m-hm-Ø-hn-[w h-gn-sX-‰n-°p-∂ \n-c-h-[n I¬-s°-´p-Iƒ \n-d-™ cm-h-W≥ tIm-´-I-fm-Wv em-_v-dn-¥v) tKm-Øn-Iv am-Xr-I-bn-ep-≈ A-Xn-s‚ I-hm-S-Øn-\-Sp-Øp-sh-®m-Wv sa¿-kn-U-kv A- h-sf B-Zyw I-≠p-ap-´p-∂-Xv. cm-{Xn-bn¬ X-\n-®n-cp-∂v X-s‚C-jv-S \m-tSm-Sn-°-Y-Iƒ hm-bn-°p-∂-Xn-\n-S-bn¬ ho-≠pwB Np-≈n-{]m-Wn A-h-fp-sS A-cn-In-se-Øp-∂p. Nn-d-Ip-I- fp-≈ H-cp am-em-J-Øp-ºn-bm-bn am-dn A-h-sf-bpw Iq-´n em-_v-dn-¥n-se-Øp-∂p. em-_v-dn-¥n-s‚ a-≤y-Øn-se I¬-s°-´p-Iƒ C-d-ßn-sb-Øp-∂ In-W-dn-\p-≈n¬ hn-Nn-{X cq-]n-bm- b H-cp th-Xm-f-ap-≠v. a-\p-jy-P-∑w e-`n-®p-t]m-b tam-˛-A-∂ cm-P-Ip-am-cn-bm-Wv H-^o-en-b F-∂v B th-Xm-fw A-h- tfm-Sv ]-d-bp-∂p. ]m-Xm-f tem-I-Øn-se cm-Pm-hm-b A-h-fp- sS A-—≥ A-\-iz-c-X-bp-sS tem-I-tØ-°v A-hƒ Xn-cn-®p h-cp-∂-Xpw Im-Øn-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-∂ hn-h-c-hpw A-hƒ ]-d-bp-∂p. B-flm-hn-s‚ ]-hn-{X-X sX-fn-bn-°m-\m-bn aq-∂v ]- co-£-W-߃ hn-P-bn-°-W-sa-∂pw-˛-]u¿-Æan°p apºv Ah hnPbn°m\mbns√¶n¬ F∂t∂°pambn Ahƒ°vBP∑w \jvSamIpsa∂pw Adnbn°p∂p.H-∂m-a-sØ ]-co-£-Ww C-Xm-Wv. in-J-c-߃ D-W-ßn {Z-hn-® H-cp hr-≤-a-c-Øn-s‚ th-cp-Iƒ-°n-S-bn¬ a-c-sØIm¿-∂v Xn-∂v Po-hn-°p-∂ `o-am-I-c-\m-b hr-Øn-sI-´ H-cpX-h-f-bp-sS h-b-‰n-se kz¿-Æ-Xm-t°m¬ ho-s≠-Sp-°-em-Wv ˛ A-´-I-fpw {]m-Wn-I-fpw ]-gp-Xm-c-I-fpw \n-d-™ a-c-Øn-s‚ Np-h-´n-se am-f-Øn-eq-sS \q-gv-∂v H-^o-en-b X-{¥-]q¿-Δw th-Xm-fw \¬-In-b am-{¥n-I I-√p-Iƒ D-]-tbm-Kn-®v kz¿ÆXmt°m¬ ssI°em°p∂p. k¥pjvS\mb thXm-fw c-≠mw Zu-Xy-hpw A-hƒ-°p \¬-Ip-∂p. am-bm-tem- I-sØ {]-tem-`-\-ß-sf A-Xn-Po-hn-®v c-l-ky A-d-bn-se ITm-c F-Sp-Øp-sIm-≠p-h-cp-I. F-hn-sS-bpw hm-Xn¬ D-≠m- °m-\m-hp-∂ am-{¥n-I-t®m-°v A-hƒ-°p-\¬-Ip-∂p.h-f-sc {]-[m-\-s∏-´ H-cp hy-h-ÿ-Iq-Sn-bp-≠v; B tem-I-Øp-\n-∂pw H-∂pw `-£n-®p-t]m-I-cp-Xv. Iq-´n-\m-bn aq-∂vam-em-J-Øp-ºn-I-sf-bpw A-hƒ-°v \¬-Ip-∂p.X-s‚ In-S-∏p-ap-dn-bp-sS Np-a-cn¬ tNm-°p-sIm-≠v h-c-®p≠m°nb hmXneneqsS Ah¿ ambmtemIsØØp∂p.\n-›-e {]-Xn-a-bm-bv H-cp k-Xzw A-hn-sS C-cn-∏p-≠v. I-Æp-Iƒ c-≠pw ap-∂n-se tπ-‰n¬ sh-®n-´p-≠v. kz¿-Æ-Øm-t°m- ep-]-tbm-Kn-®v A-d-Xp-d-∂v ITm-c H-^o-en-b F-Sp-Øv Xn-cn-®p- t]m-cm-s\m-cp-ßp-∂p. ]-s£ A-hn-S-sØ Xo≥-ta-i-bn¬ \n-c- Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂ `-£-W-]-Zm¿-∞-ß-fpw ]-g-h¿-§-ß-fpw I-≠v A-hƒ-°v sIm-Xn-b-S-°m-\m-bn-√. am-em-J Xp-ºn-Iƒ X-S-™n- ´pw A-hƒ ap-¥n-cn-∏-g-sa-Sp-Øp I-gn-®p. A-tXm-sS \n-›-e-\m- bn-cp-∂ k-Xzw D-W¿-∂p. tπ-‰n-se I-Æp-Iƒ F-Sp-Øv ssI-I- fn¬ L-Sn-∏n-®v A-Xv H-^o-en-b-°v t\-sc A-Sp-Øp. c-≠v am- em-J-Øp-ºn-I-sf ]n-Sn-®v im-∏n-Sp-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp. `m-Kyw-sIm-
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