beclomethasone

synthetic glucocorticoid that readily penetrates the airway mucosa, used for asthma

thioridazine

low potency dopamine receptor blocker

thioridazine

side effects are retinal deposits, torsades, postural hypotension, sedation, CNS depression

valproic acid

causes neural tube defects

valproic acid

used to treat all kinds of seizures, as well as bipolar disorder

zolpidem

binds benzodiazepine receptors, antagonized by flumazenil

zolpidem

hypnotic drug that is not a benzodiazepine

amphetamines

indirect sympathomimetic MOA

cocaine

inhibits catecholamine reuptake, resulting in cardiotox and hypertension

disulfiram

inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase, causing an accumulation of acetaldehyde

flunitrazepam

benzodiazepine used as a date rape drug

lysergic acid diethylamide

hallucinogenic, nausea, weakness

mescaline

hallucinogenic, nausea, weakness

psilocybin

hallucinogenic, nausea, weakness

marijuana

lowers intraocular pressure in glaucoma

methadone

treatment of opiod withdrawal

opioid withdrawal syndrome

nausea, chills, sweats, lacrimation, cramps, rhinorrhea, yawning, piloerection, diarrhea, tremor

MPTP

destroys dopaminergic neurons of the nigrostriatal tract

morphine

binds mu receptors

enkephalin

binds delta receptors

dynorphins

bind kappa receptors

opioid overdose

constricted pupils, clammy skin, nausea, drowsiness, resp depression

phencyclidine (pcp)

nystagmus, hypertension, seizure

acetaminophen

COX inhibitor which inhibits prostaglandin synthesis

acetaminophen

analgesic, antipyretic (but not anti-inflammatory)

allopurinol

suicide inhibition of xanthine oxidase

allopurinol

increases xanthine and hypoxanthine, which are less likely to form crystals than uric acid

allopurinol

slows production of uric acid, used to treat gout (and cancer)

aspirin

PGE inhibitor

aspirin

predisposes to acute gastritis by inhibiting PGE in the stomach

aspirin

irreversible inhibitor of cyclooxygenase

aspirin

analgesic, antipyretic, antiplatelet, anti-inflammatory

capsaicin

impairs release of substance P

capsaicin

used topically for RA

celecoxib

COX-2 inhibitor

rofecoxib

COX-2 inhibitor

celecoxib

sulfa drug

rofecoxib

sulfa drug

colchicine

inhibits microtubule assembly, and therefore leukocyte migration and phagocytosis

colchicine

leukocyte inhibitor used to treat attacks of gouty arthritis

cyclosporin

binds to cyclophilins and inhibits the transcription of cytokine genes

tacrolimus

binds to the immunophilin FK-binding protein

cyclosporin

impairs T cell IL-2 production, used in transplant patients

tacrolimus

used in transplant patients

etanercept

a fusion product of TNF-alpha receptor and Fc portion of antibody

infliximab

binds and inhibits TNF-alpha

etanercept

used in RA and inflammatory bowel disease

gold salts

nephrotoxic

gold salts

used in RA

gold salts

decreases lysosomal and macrophage function

10

ibuprofen

similar to aspirin, lacks antiplatelet effects

ibuprofen

reversibly inhibits COX

indomethacin

potent NSAID used to close a PDA

PGE

used to maintain a PDA in congenital heart disease

ketorolac

parenteral NSAID

11

meperidine

causes relaxation of the sphincter of oddi

meperidine

causes increased ICP

opiods

causes biliary spasm

sumatriptan

binds the serotonin 1D receptor

sumatriptan

causes vasoconstriction of cerebral vasculature

12

sumatriptan

used for acute migraine and cluster headaches

thalidomide

used to treat SLE, multiple myeloma, and leprosy

thalidomide

suppresses production of TNF-alpha

thalidomide

potent immunosuppressant

statins

may cause elevated liver enzymes

13

statins

may cause myositis

statins

may cause increased CK from skeletal muscle

reserpine

enters the CNS and may cause suicidal depression and parkinsonian symptoms

reserpine

antihypertensive agent that blocks the storage and release of catecholamines and serotonin from neurons

probucol

decreases HDL as well as LDL

14

probucol

prevents restenosis after angioplasty

probucol

acts as an antioxidant

nitroglycerin

postural hypotension, headache, flushing

nitroglycerin

causes increase in cGMP in vascular smooth muscle

niacin

directly reduces secretion of VLDLs

15

niacin

increases HDL

niacin

causes cutaneous flushing

vincristine

M phase inhibitor

vincristine

blocks microtubule polymerization and spindle formation

ABVD

adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine

16

MOPP

mechlorethamine, oncovin, procarbazine, prednisone

vincristine

used for lymphomas, wilms tumor, and choriocarinomas

heparin

activates AT3

heparin

inactivates thrombin

protamine sulfate

reverses effects of heparin

17

trastuzumab

binds to receptor tyrosine kinase Erb-B2 (HER-2)

trastuzumab

used for HER-2 positive breast cancer

tamoxifen

estrogen receptor partial antagonist

tamoxifen

increases risk of endometrial carcinoma

rituximab

binds CD20 antigen on B cells

18

rituximab

treatment of non-hodgkin lymphoma

prednisone

triggers apoptosis

prednisone

treatment for leukemia, lymphoma, RA, asthma

paclitaxel

prevents mitotic spindle breakdown

paclitaxel

interferes with anaphase

19

paclitaxel

microtubule stabilizing agent

methotrexate

S phase inhibitor

methotrexate

inhibits DHFR
treats myelosuppression

leucovorin

methotrexate

folic acid analog

20

mercaptopurine (6-MP)

activated by hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT)

mercaptopurine (6-MP)

inhibits many enzymes involved in purine metabolism

leuprolide

treatment for endometriosis

leuprolide

treatment for BPH and precocious puberty

leuprolide

stimulates release of FSH and LH

21

leuprolide

GnRH agonist used to treat prostate cancer

interferon alpha

produced by virally infected cells to prevent infection of adjacent cells

interferon alpha

used to treat CML, malignant myeloma, kaposi sarcoma, hairy cell leukemia

interferon alpha

recombinantly produced cytokine

flutamide

used to antagonize residual androgens after orchiectomy

22

flutamide

side effects include gynecomastia and libido changes

flutamide

androgen receptor antagonist

fluorouracil

S phase antimetabolite

fluorouracil

causes myelosuppression

fluorouracil

inhibits thymidylate synthase

23

fluorouracil

used to treat colon cancer and basal cell carcinoma

etoposide

G2 phase inhibitor

etoposide

causes double stranded breaks in DNA

etoposide

inhibits topoisomerase II

etoposide

used to treat small cell carcinoma of the lung and prostate and testicular cancers

24

doxorubicin

intercalates in DNA to reduce replication and transcription

doxorubicin

causes dilated cardiomyopathy

daunorubicin

used to treat AML

cyclophosphamide

causes hemorrhagic cystitis

cyclophosphamide

alkylating agent used to treat cancers

25

cisplatin

alkylating agent

cisplatin

causes nephrotoxicity and acoustic nerve damage

carmustine

alkylating agent that causes DNA cross-linking and strand breaks

carmustine

used to treat brain tumors, highly lipophilic nitrosourea drug

bleomycin

mixture of glycoproteins that produce free radicals upon binding DNA

26

bleomycin

causes strand breaks in DNA

bleomycin

G2 phase inhibitor

bleomycin

can cause pulmonary fibrosis

anastrozole

inhibitor of steroid synthesis

anastrozole

inhibits conversion of androstenedione to estrone

27

aminoglutethimide

blocks conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone

anastrazole

aromatase inhibitor

zidovudine

inhibits viral reverse transcriptase

zidovudine

chain terminator

zidovudine

given to prevent transmission of HIV to neonates

28

vancomycin

used to treat MRSA

vancomycin

used to treat c. difficile

vancomycin

rapid IV infusion causes red man syndrome

TMP-SMX

blocks folate synthesis

TMP-SMX

can cause megaloblastic anemia

29

TMP-SMX

do not give to pts with G6PDH deficiency

trimethoprim

blocks DHFR

sulfamethoxazole

blocks dihydropteroate synthase

tetracycline

inhibits 30s ribosome

tetracycline

bacteriostatic drug

30

tetracycline

CI in pregnant women due to bone dysplasia and dental enamel defects

streptogramins

p450 inhibitor
arthralgias and myalgias

streptogramins

streptogramins

used to treat MRSA and VRE

rifampin

inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase

31

rifampin

imparts red-orange color to secretions

ribavirin

guanosine analog

ribavirin

inibits steps in RNA synthesis

ribavirin

used to treat viral hemorrhagic fevers and hepatitis C

ribavirin

used to treat RSV

32

quinine

blocks DNA replication and RNA transcription in p. falciparum within RBCs

quinine

causes cinchonism

cinchonism

headache, vertigo, blurry vision, tinnitus

mefloquine

used for prophylaxis of p. falciparum due to low SE

quinine

used for malaria

33

pyrantel pamoate

stimulates nicotinic receptors in nematodes

praziquantel

used for fluke and tapeworm infections

polymyxin b

cationic detergent that disrupts bacterial membranes

polymyxin b

causes neurotoxicity and acute tubular necrosis

polymyxin b

only used topically

34

penicillins

inhibits transpeptidation step in bacterial cell wall synthesis

oseltamivir

neuraminidase inhibitor that prevent viral spreading

oseltamivir

used against influenza a

nystatin

disrupts fungal membrane permeability by binding to ergosterol

nystatin

used to treat oral candidiasis and diaper rash

35

nitrofurantoin

can cause hemolysis in G6PDH deficient patients

nitrofurantoin

can accumulate to toxic levels in patients with renal failure

nitrofurantoin

urinary antiseptic that requires acidification

nifurtimox

used to treat chagas disease

nevirapine

NNRTI used to treat HIV

36

neomycin

used to treat hepatic encephalopathy

neomycin

prevents accumulation of nitrogenous microbial metabolites

metronidazole

activated by anaerobes and parasites

metronidazole

interferes with nucleic acid synthesis

metronidazole

used to treat amebiasis, trichomoniasis, giariasis, and c. diff

37

methicillin

bulky R-group prevents degradation by penicillinase

nafcillin

bulky R-group prevents degradation by penicillinase

dicloxacillin

bulky R-group prevents degradation by penicillinase

methi, naf, diclox

beta lactams

mebendazole

inhibits microtubule synthesis and glucose uptake by helminths

38

mebendazole

used to treat pinworms

albuterol

selective b2 agonist

atenolol

selective b1 blocker

acebutolol

selective b1 blocker

metoprolol

selective b1 blocker

39

detromethrophan

depresses cough center in the medulla

metoclopramide

facilitates acetylcholine while blocking dopamine in the enteric nervous system

metoclopramide

SE are sedation, diarrhea, extrapyramidal symptoms

metoclopramide

prokinetic agent used to block emesis

metoclopramide

blocks D2 receptors in the area postrema

40

misoprostol

PGE analog

misoprostol

decreases gastric acid production, increases mucus production

misoprostol

eicosanoid preparation used for pts taking lots of NSAIDs

omeprazole

H/K ATPase inhibitor

ondansetron

serotonin-3 inhibitor that acts at the area postrema

41

sucralfate

requires acidic environment to polymerize

sucralfate

cannot be used with antacids or H2 blockers

folic acid

will correct anemia but not neuro sx associated with b12 deficiency

EPO

recombinant drug used for anemia

aminocaproic acid

orally active inhibitor of plasminogen activation

42

aminocaproic acid

inhibits fibrinolysis

aminocaproic acid

used for acute bleeding in hemophilic patients

abciximab

antibody against glycoprotein 2b/3a receptor

abciximab

prevents platelet activation

abciximab

anticoagulant preventing restenosis after angioplasty

43

benztropine

antimuscarinic

benztropine

CI are prostatic hyperplasia, GI obstruction, glaucoma

benztropine

antimuscarinic used to treat tremors and rigidity in parkinsons, but does nothing for bradykinesia

RhoGAM

antibody to Rh(D) antigen that opsonizes

probenecid

competes with uric acid for reabsorption in the proximal tubule

44

probenecid

inhibits secretion of weak acids

sulfinpyrazone

acts simliarly to probenecid

methylsergide

blocks serotonin receptors

methylsergide

causes fibroplasia of retroperitoneum and subendocardium

methylsergide

used to prevent migraines

45

daclizumab

binds IL-2 receptor on activated T cells

daclizumab

used for patients with renal allografts

bromocriptine

D2 agonist

bromocriptine

inhibits PRL release

diphenhydramine

inhibit histamine binding to H1 receptors

46

diphenhydramine

causes drowsiness

diphenhydramine

used for allergies and motion sickness

cromolyn sodium

stabilizes mast cell membrane

lithium

inhibits IP3 and DAG

lithium

causes tremor, hypothyroidism, polydipsia, polyuria

47

methylphenidate

stimulates the release of catecholamines

phenytoin

inducer of p450

carbamazepine

inducer of p450

griseofulvin

inducer of p450

rifampin

inducer of p450

48

barbiturates

inducer of p450

penicillins

bactericidal

cephalosporins

bactericidal

vancomycin

bactericidal

aminoglycosides

bactericidal

49

fluoroquinolones

bactericidal

metronidazole
calcium channel blockers

bactericidal

causes cutaneous flushing

adenosine

causes cutaneous flushing

vancomycin

causes cutaneous flushing

50

metronidazole

causes disulfiram-like reaction

cephalosporins

causes disulfiram-like reaction

procarbazine

causes disulfiram-like reaction

nitrous oxide

has a high MAC

phenelzine

MAOI

51

tranylcypromine

MAOI

isocarboxazid

MAOI

MAOI + SSRI

serotonin syndrome

MAOI

inhibits breakdown of amine neurotransmitters

mebendazole

microtubule inhibitor

52

thiabendazole

microtubule inhibitor

paclitaxel

microtubule inhibitor

vincristine

microtubule inhibitor

colchicine

microtubule inhibitor

griseofulvin

microtubule inhibitor

53

hydralazine

SLE like syndrome

procainamide

SLE like syndrome

isoniazid

SLE like syndrome

phenytoin

SLE like syndrome

halothane

massive hepatic necrosis

54

acetaminophen

massive hepatic necrosis

valproic acid

massive hepatic necrosis

cimetidine

p450 inhibitor

ketoconazole

p450 inhibitor

erythromycin

p450 inhibitor

55

cimetidine

gynecomastia

ketoconazole

gynecomastia

spironolactone

gynecomastia

bleomycin

pulmonary fibrosis

amiodarone

pulmonary fibrosis

56

busulfan

pulmonary fibrosis

aminoglycosides

ototoxic and nephrotoxic

loop diuretics

ototoxic and nephrotoxic

cisplatin

ototoxic and nephrotoxic

vancomycin

mildly ototoxic and nephrotoxic

57

penicillamine

used to treat wilson disease

penicillamine

used to treat RA

penicillamine

used to treat copper toxicity bc it is a chelator

organophosphates

anticholinesterases used in chemical warfare

pralidoxime

antidote for anticholinesterases such as organophosphates

58

naloxone

mu opioid receptor antagonist

naloxone

used to treat opioid overdose

phenobarbital

binds GABA receptors

phenobarbital

increases the duration of chloride channel opening

phenobarbital

used to treat tonic-clonic seizures and crigler-najjar

59

phenytoin

interferes with folate absorption

phenytoin

SE are gingival hyperplasia, hirsutism, anemia, and birth defects

phenytoin

class 1b antiarrhythmic

risperidone

blocks D2 and serotonin-2 receptors

risperidone

causes high sedation

60

risperidone

atypical antipsychotic with lots of extrapyramidal SE

ropinirole

forestalls the use of levodopa in parkinson's disease

methanol

causes damage by being converted to formaldehyde in the liver

methanol

retinal damage, blindness, metabolic acidosis, coma

flumazenil

antagonizes benzodiazepines and zolpidem

61

flumazenil

used for benzodiazepine overdose

ethylene glycol

causes metabolic acidosis and precipitation of oxalate crystals in the kidney

dimercaprol

chelates metals to keep them from damaging proteins

succimer

orally active metal chelator

dimercaprol

used to treat heavy metal poisoning

62

digibind

fab fragment antibody

deferoxamine

rapid infusion causes hypotensive shock

deferoxamine

used to treat acute iron toxicity

dantrolene

decreases the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum

dantrolene

used to treat malignant hyperthermia

63

selegiline

inhibits MAO-B

MAO-B

degrades dopamine

selegiline

inhibits degradation of dopamine in CNS, used with levodopa for parkinson's

thiopental

ultra-short acting barbiturate used to induce surgical anesthesia

alprazolam

intermediate-acting benzodiazepine used for panic disorder and phobias

64

n-acetylcysteine

protects against fulminant hepatic failure

n-acetylcysteine

used for acetaminophen overdose

carvedilol

used for CHF

carvedilol

nonselective beta blocker and alpha-1 blocker

amiodarone

blocks sodium channels

65

amiodarone

corneal microdeposits

amiodarone

class III antiarrythmic

adenosine

short acting agent given IV for AV nodal arrhythmias

spironolactone

potassium sparing diuretic

spironolactone

aldosterone antagonist

66

spironolactone

functions at the collecting tubule

nitroprusside

stimulates guanyl cyclase

nitroprusside

increases cGMP in vascular smooth muscle

minoxidil

direct-acting vasodilator

minoxidil

used topically bc of benefit of hypertrichosis

67

cholestyramine

bind bile acids to prevent enterohepatic recycling

fexofenadine

nonsedating antihistaminic

loratadine

nonsedating antihistaminic

ipratropium

dry mouth side effect

ipratropium

antimuscarinic for COPD and asthma

68

salmeterol

may cause tremors and arrhythmias

theophylline

methylxanthine used for asthma

theophylline

inhibits phosphodiesterase

theophylline

inhibits conversion of cAMP to AMP

octreotide

used to treat carcinoid, gastrinoma, somatotropic pituitary adenoma

69

propylthiouracil

inhibits iodination step of thyroid hormone synthesis

methimazole

same as PTU but crosses placenta and enters breast milk

raloxifene

estrogen partial agonist

raloxifene

does not increase the risk of endometrial cancer

tamoxifen

increases risk of endometrial cancer

70

repaglinide

rapid onset sulfonylurea

repaglinide

binds potassium channels to facilitate insulin release

glitazones

increase insulin sensitivity

glitazones

stimulate PPAR-gamma receptor

troglitazone

hepatotoxic

71

sulfonylureas

stimulate closure of potassium channels

sulfonylureas

glyburide and glipizide

sulfonylureas

cause release of preformed insulin

acyclovir

used to treat herpes

acyclovir

guanosine analog

72

acyclovir

activated by thymidine kinase of the virus it treats

acyclovir

functions as a chain terminator when incorporated into viral DNA

amantadine

prophylaxis against influenza A and rubella

amantidine

inhibits fusion of viral particles within endosome of the cell

amantidine

not effective against influenza B

73

amantidine

binds to M2 protein

amphotericin B

disrupts fungal membranes by binding ergosterol

mifepristone

blocks binding of progesterone to cytoplasmic receptors

ampicillin

extended spectrum penicillin used to treat gram negatives

aztreonam

b-lactamase resistant monobactam

74

aztreonam

used only with aminoglycosides against gram negative rods

aztreonam

cannot be used against gram positives or anaerobic bacteria

bacitraicin

inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis

piperacillin

used against enterobacter and pseudomonas

carbenicillin

used against enterobacter and pseudomonas

75

ticarcillin

used against enterobacter and pseudomonas

ceftriaxone

used for septic meningitis

cefixime

used to treat gonnorhea

chloramphenicol

gray baby syndrome in babies deficient in hepatic gluconosyltransferase

chloramphenicol

aplastic anemia

76

fludrocortisone

used in postadrenalectomy therapy

chloroquine

primary drug for acute malaria

chloroquine

disrupts hemoglobin breakdown, with toxic accumulation of heme in RBC

clavulanic acid

beta lactamase inhibitor

sulbactam

beta lactamase inhibitor

77

tazobactam

beta lactamase inhibitor

clindamycin

bacteriostatic at the 50s ribosome

clindamycin

treatment of bacteroides

didanosine (ddI)

dose-limiting pancreatitis

lamivudine

inhibits reverse transcriptase of hepatitis B

78

erythromycin

bacteriostatic inhibitor of 50s

erythromycin

macrolide

azithromycin

macrolide

clarithromycin

macrolide

erythromycin

GI irritation and acute cholestatic hepatitis

79

metformin

biguanide compound

metformin

increases peripheral glycolysis

clomiphene

blocks negative feedback at the pituitary

cosyntropin

used for diagnosis of addison's disease

danazol

inhibitor of p450

80

danazol

used for endometriosis and fibrocystic disease of the breast

desmopressin

selective V2 agonist

vasopression

V1 and V2 agonist

vasopressin

used to treat esophageal varices

DES

clear cell carcinoma of the vagina in daughters

81

ethinyl estradiol/mestranol

lowers risk of coronary disease, slows osteoporosis, ameliorates hot flashes

HRT

increased risk of breast and ovarian cancer

zileutin

inhibits leukotriene synthesis

monteleukast

LTD4 and LTE4 antagonist

acarbose

inhibits a-galactosidase

82

bisphosphonates

esophageal ulcerations

bromocriptine

used to treat hyperprolactinemia due to pituitary adenoma

bromocriptine

ergot alkaloid

diphenoxylate

suppress GI motility

loperamide

suppress GI motility

83

cisapride

stimulates peristalsis by release of Ach from myenteric plexus

cisapride

long QT

magnesium hydroxide

laxative antacid

aluminum hydroxide

constipating antacid

ipecac syrup

acts to stimulate chemoreceptor trigger zone of the medulla

84

cimetidine

gynecomastia and galactorrhea

cimetidine

p450 inhibitor

calcium carbonate

hypercalcemic alkalosis

calcium carbonate

renal calculi

bismuth subsalicylate

used with metronidazole and tetracycline for PUD caused by h.pylori

85

warfarin

interferes with vitamin K dependent clotting factors

alteplase

converts fibrin-bound plasminogen to plasmin

ticlopidine

platelet antiaggregant

ticlopidine

interferes with binding of fibrin to Gp2b/3a receptor on platelets

streptokinase

catalyzes conversion of plasminogen to plasmin

86

fluconazole

inhibits formation of ergosterol

fluconazole

prophylaxis against cryptococcus neoformans

fluconazole

used to treat oral candidiasis

fluoroquinolones

bactericidal inhibitor of DNA gyrase

fluoroquinolones

used for gram negative rods, some gram positives, and neisseria

87

fluoroquinolones

bad for cartilage

sargramostim

recombinant GM-CSF

filgrastim

G-CSF

hydroxyurea

used for sickle cell crisis

hydroxyurea

increases levels of HbF

88

hydroxyurea

inhbits DNA synthesis by blocking conversion of ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides

foscarnet

treats CMV

foscarnet

inhibits viral DNA polymerase

ganciclovir

metabolized by viral transferases

ganciclovir

requires phosphorylation by viral kinases to work

89

ganciclovir

guanosine analog converted by CMV to triphosphorylated form

ganciclovir

SE: neutropenia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia

griseofulvin

keratinized tissue

griseofulvin

ringworm

griseofulvin

binds tubulin

90

carbapenem

given with cliastatin

carbapenem

used against gram positive cocci, gram negative rods, and anaerobes

ritonavir

inhibit protease in the HIV pol gene

isoniazid

inhibits synthesis of mycolic acid

isoniazid

SE neuritis and hepatitis

91

ethambutol

TB

pyrazinamide

TB

rifampin

TB

streptomycin

TB

sulfonamides

stevens-johnson

92

ethosuxamide

stevens-johnson

lamotrigine

stevens-johnson

penicillins

erythema multiforme

barbiturates

erythema multiforme

salicylates

erythema multiforme

93

hydantoins

erythema multiforme

antimalarials

erythema multiforme

sulfonamides

G6PDH

isoniazid

G6PDH

primaquine

G6PDH

94

tetracycline

photosensitivity

amiodarone

photosensitivity

sulfonamides

photosensitivity

bethanechol

muscarinic agonist

carbachol

nicotinic and muscarinic agonist

95

ephedrine

ma-huang

phenoxybenzamine

adrenergic antagonist (alpha receptors)

phentolamine

used in diagnosing pheochromocytoma

ivermectin

onchocera volvulus and strongyloides stercoralis

ivermectin

increases GABA transmission in the worm

96

ketoconazole

interfere with fungal cell wall synthesis

pilocarpine

treatment of glaucoma

pilocarpine

muscarinic agonist

prazosin

first dose syncope

prazosin

miosis

97

pyridostigmine

used for tubocurarine toxicity

scopolamine

competitive cholinergic antagonist used for motion sickness

succinylcholine

muscle relaxant

succinylcholine

nicotinic agonist that opens sodium channels

tubocurarine

nondepolarizing neuromuscular ganglionic blockers

98

acetazolamide

inhibits carbonic anhydrase in the proximal convoluted tubule

acetazolamide

metabolic acidosis

acetazolamide

give to alkalinize the urine in aspirin toxicity

amiloride

block sodium channels in the cortical collecting tubules

amiloride

hyperkalemic metabolic acidosis

99

captopril

inhibit breakdown of bradykinin

ketamine

should be given with benzodiazepines

gabapentin

partial seizures

ethosuxamide

inhbits T-type calcium channels

entacapone

inhibits conversion of levodopa to 3-0-methyldopa

100

HCTZ

hypokalemia, alkalosis, hyperuricemia, hyperlipidemia

captopril

functions at the collecting tubules

losartan

functions at the collecting tubules

losartan

CI in pregnancy

captopril

CI in pregnancy

101