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English for Academic Studies (Workshop) Session 5: Run-onsSemester 1, 2009/10 ©PolyU HKCC
Session 5: Run-onsPart A: Diagnostic Test
Identify and underline the run-on sentences in the following passage. Then,correct the sentence errors in the space between the lines.
Time is fair to everyone. No matter whether you are rich or poor, old or young, youcan only have 24 hours a day, the same for everyone in the world.When/ Even if youneed more time to do your work, you cannot just go to a store and purchase “time” likeany consumable goods. Once your days or opportunities have gone, you will never beable to use money to buy them back. You may regret wasting your days during youth ormissing some valuable opportunities in the past; however, there is no way for you totravel back to the past or go to the future to change your fate even if you are a billionaire. There is nothing you can do about it. In addition, we will all die one day. It is a naturalcourse that everyone has to go through.Again, no tycoons can use money to buy moretime for their lives; no individuals can do anything either.In the ancient time of China,many emperors tried very hard to find a way to prolong their lives. They sent soldiers togo everywhere to search for such a medicine or ordered doctors to produce a desirableprescription. They would not give up any hope of finding a solution of this.However, nomatter how hard they tried, all their efforts proved to be futile.
 
Part B: Grammatical Sentences – ReviewRun-on Sentences
 
Fused sentences: 
Two sentences joined together as one without a properconjunction or punctuation.
 Example
:
Girls like playing dolls boys like playing toy cars.
 
Correction
:
Girls like playing dolls; boys like playing to cars.
(A period “.” can alsobe used here for correction.)
 
Comma-splice: 
 
Two sentences joined together as one with only a comma.
  Example
:
It will rain soon, we better bring an umbrella.Correction
:
 It will rain soon, so we better bring an umbrella.
(A coordinatingconjunction “so” is used for correction.)
Correction
:
 As it will rain soon, we better bring an umbrella.
(A subordinating
 
English for Academic Studies (Workshop) Session 5: Run-onsSemester 1, 2009/10 ©PolyU HKCC
conjunction “as” is used for correction.)
Combining Sentences
 
Compound Sentences: 
 
A compound sentence structure shows that two thoughtsare of equal importance and connected by linking words (coordinating conjunctions)like
for, and, nor, or, but, yet, so
.
 
 Example
:
 He likes to eat, but he never gains weight.
 
 
Complex Sentences: 
 
A complex sentence has an independent clause and adependent clause joined by a subordinating conjunction like
because, if, when, before,after, although.
 
 Example
:
When she finished her homework, she turned on the TV.
 
 Example: As it’s raining, we had better stay at home.
 
Clauses inthe sentenceConnected by Importance of thoughts for clausesSimple sentences
1 N/A N/A
Complex sentences
 
2 (or more) Coordinating conjunctions(
 for, and, nor but, or, yet,so)
Equally important
Complex sentences
2 (or more) Subordinating conjunctions(
because, when, after,before, although)
The independentclause is moreimportant
 
Part C: Concept Boosting Exercises
Exercise C1:
 
Identify and underline the run-on sentences in the following passage.Then, correct the sentence errors in the space between the lines.
Environmental issues began to make headlines in the last decade as people havebecome aware of the negative effects caused by technological advancements.Althoughmost people are no longer ignorant of the need to protect the environment, only a few areactually prepared to do something about it.The current plight of our earth is anaccumulation of negligence by our past generations. We now all have the responsibility toprotect the planet. For example, we can hold exhibitions to alert the public of theseriousness of the environmental problems.Also, we should take actions by ourselves.
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