The natural convection current surrounding a hot, horizontal pipe are more complicated than those adjacent to a vertical

heated plate, but the mechanism of the process is similar. The layers of air immediately next to the buttom and side of the pipe are heated and tend to rise. The rising layers of hot air, one on each side of the pipe, separate form the pipe at points short of the center of the pipe and form two independent rising current with a zone of relatively stagnant and unheated air between them. Natural convection in liquids follows the same pattern, because liquids are also less dense hot than cold. The buoyancy of heated liduid layers near a hot surface generate convection current just as in gases. On the assumption that h depends upon pipe diameter, specific heat, thermal conductivity, viscosity, coefficient of thermal expansion, the acceleration of gravity, and temperature difference, dimensional analysis gives

Arus konveksi alami berkisar di suhu panas, pipa horisontal yang lebih rumit daripada yang berdekatan dengan piring panas vertikal, tetapi mekanisme dari proses ini serupa. Lapisan udara akan turun dan ketika sisi pipa dipanaskan cenderung akan naik. Lapisan naik udara panas, salah satu sisi pipa, bentuk pipa terpisah pada titik-titik dekat pusat pipa dan bentuk kedua independen meningkat saat daerah udara relatif stagnan dan pemanas konstan. Konveksi alami dalam cairan mengikuti pola yang sama, karena cairan sedikit lebih panas daripada dingin. Daya apung lapisan liduid dipanaskan di dekat permukaan yang panas menghasilkan konveksi arus seperti dalam gas. Pada asumsi bahwa h tergantung pada diameter pipa, panas spesifik, konduktivitas termal, viskositas, koefisien ekspansi termal, percepatan gravitasi, dan perbedaan suhu, analisis dimensi memberikan