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REVISED October 22, 2009IN THE UNITED STATESCOURT OF APPEALSFOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT
No. 07-60756NED COMER, ET AL.Plaintiffs-Appellantsv.MURPHY OIL USA, ET AL.Defendants-AppelleesAppeal from the United States District Courtfor the Southern District of MississippiBefore DAVIS, STEWART, and DENNIS, Circuit Judges.DENNIS, Circuit Judge:Theplaintiffs,residentsandownersoflandsandpropertyalong theMississippiGulfcoast,filed this putative class action in the district court againstthenameddefendants,corporationsthathaveprincipal offices in other statesbutaredoingbusinessin Mississippi. The plaintiffs allege that defendantsoperationofenergy,fossilfuels,andchemicalindustries in the United Statescausedtheemissionofgreenhousegassesthatcontributedtoglobalwarming,
viz.
,theincreaseinglobalsurfaceairandwatertemperatures,thatinturncausedariseinsealevelsandaddedtotheferocityofHurricaneKatrina,whichcombinedtodestroytheplaintiffsprivateproperty,aswellaspublic property
United States Court of AppealsFifth Circuit
F I L E D
October 16, 2009Charles R. Fulbruge IIIClerk
 
1
Wehavesubject-matter jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1332(d)(2), which provides“[t]hedistrictcourts shall have original jurisdiction ofanycivilactioninwhichthematterincontroversy exceeds thesumorvalueof$5,000,000,exclusiveofinterestandcosts,andis aclassactioninwhich...anymemberofaclassofplaintiffsisacitizenofaStatedifferentfromany defendant.” 28 U.S.C. § 1332(d)(2). Plaintiffs’ suit satisfies the elements of § 1332(d)becausethesuitisaclassaction,theamountincontroversyexceeds$5,000,000,andatleastonememberoftheclass of plaintiffs is diverse from at least one defendant.
SeeFrazier v.Pioneer Americas LLC
, 455 F.3d 542, 545 (5th Cir. 2006).Thoughplaintiffscomplaintdoesnotseekrecoveryofaspecificamount,thelargeclassofplaintiffs,“residentsofand/orpropertyownersinthestateofMississippiwhosufferedlossandharmasaresultofHurricane Katrina,” and the extent of damages sought, includingpersonalinjuryandpropertydamageresultingfromHurricane Katrina, makes it “faciallyapparentthatatleast$5millionisincontroversy.
Frazier
,455F.3dat545;
seealsoAllen v.R&H Oil & GasCo.
,63F.3d1326,1335(5thCir.1995)(holdingthatwhenacomplaintallegesnospecificamount of damages, the amount in controversy requirement may be met “if it isfacially apparent that the claims are likely above [the requisite amount]”).
2
The district court did not issue a written opinion in this case but rather offered itsruling from the bench. The district court'sreasoningisrecordedin the hearing transcripts.The district court began its analysis of thepoliticalquestiondoctrinebystating “thattheproblem[inthiscase]isoneinwhichthiscourtissimplyill-equippedorunequippedwiththepowerthatithastoaddresstheseissues.”Describing this suit as a “debate” about globalwarming, the district court further reasoned:[I]tisadebatewhichsimply has no place in the court, until such time asCongressenactslegislation which sets appropriate standards by which thiscourtcanmeasure conduct . . . and develops standards bywhich...juriescanadjudicatefactsandapplythelaw....Underthecircumstances,I thinkthat
2usefultothem. The plaintiffsputative class action asserts claims forcompensatoryandpunitivedamagesbasedonMississippicommon-lawactionsofpublicandprivatenuisance,trespass,negligence,unjustenrichment,fraudulent misrepresentation, and civil conspiracy.The plaintiffs invoked thedistrictcourtssubject-matter jurisdiction based on diversity of citizenship.
1
Theplaintiffsdonotassertanyfederal or public law actions and do not seekinjunctive relief.Defendants moved to dismiss plaintiffs’ claims on the grounds that theplaintiffslackstandingtoasserttheirclaims and that their claims presentnonjusticiablepoliticalquestions.Thedistrictcourtgrantedthemotionanddismissedtheclaims.
2
The plaintiffs timely appealed. For the reasons discussed
 
No. 07-60756
theplaintiffsareaskingthecourttodevelopthosestandards, and it issomething that this court simply is not empowered to do.Finally, the district court concluded:[Plaintiffscomplaintasks]thiscourttodowhat
Baker v.Carr
toldmenottodo,andthatistobalanceeconomic,environmental,foreign policy, and nationalsecurityinterestsandmakeaninitial policy determination of a kind which issimplynonjudicial.Adjudication of Plaintiffsclaims in this case wouldnecessitate the formulationofstandardsdictating,forexample,the amount ofgreenhousegasemissionsthatwouldbeexcessiveandthescientificandpolicyreasonsbehindthosestandards. These policy decisions are best left to theexecutiveandlegislativebranchesofthe government, who are not only inthebestpositiontomakethosedecisionsbutareconstitutionallyempoweredtodoso.
3herein, weconcludethattheplaintiffshavestandingtoasserttheirpublic andprivatenuisance,trespass,andnegligenceclaims,andthatnoneoftheseclaimspresent nonjusticiable political questions; but we conclude that their unjustenrichment,fraudulentmisrepresentation,andcivilconspiracyclaimsmustbedismissedforprudentialstandingreasons.Accordingly, we reverse the districtcourtsjudgment,dismisstheplaintiffssuitinpart,andremandthecasetothedistrict court for further proceedings.
I.
Plaintiffspublicandprivatenuisanceclaimsassertthatdefendantsintentionallyandunreasonablyusedtheirpropertysoastoproducemassiveamountsofgreenhousegassesandtherebyinjurebothplaintiffsandthegeneralpublicbycontributingtoglobalwarming,which caused the sea level rise andaddedtotheferocityofHurricaneKatrina,thecombinedeffectsofwhichresultedinthedestructionofplaintiffsprivateproperty,aswellastheirlossofuseofcertainpublicpropertyinthevicinityoftheirdwellings.Plaintiffstrespass claim asserts that defendants’ greenhouse gas emissions causedsaltwater,debris,sediment,hazardoussubstances,andother materials to enter,
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