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PARTI
Takingthethicknessofblockas150mmor6thefoundationbaseistakenas150mm(or0.15mx 3)=450mmor0.45mor18. Nowforanyconcreteyouwanttocalculate,firstfindoutthevolume. Forthefoundationoftheplanabove 450mm(breadth)x72.5m(entirelength)x150mm(foundationbasethickness)=4.894m3 Nowthevolumeofabagofcementisgivenas0.035m3butletsuse0.03m3tocaterforshortages. (GENERALLYCONSIDERED30bagsofcementfor1m3) Therearetwomajormixtureratioforconcrete1:2:4or1:3:6,thereareothers,butwearegoingto baseourcalculationsonthesetwo.1:2:4meansoneportionofcementismixedwithanequivalent volumeorratiooftwoofsameportionofvolumeofcementinsharpsandandfourofsameportion ofvolumeofcementingranite.Thatis,ifIhaveacementof1m3,thenIwillneedtomixitwith2m3 ofsharpsandand4m3ofgranitestones.Howeveronebagofcementiscalculatedtobe approximatelytwoheadpansofsandorgranite,thereforeforonebagofcementinratio1:2:4,you willaddfourheadpansofsharpsand,andeightheadpansofgranite,thisisthestandard,though experiencehasshownthatmaterialspropertiesvaries,hencethereisalwayslittlevariationsin quantitiesusedonsite. Now,fortheplanabove,thenumbersofbagsofcementneededintheconcreteissimplycalculated bydividingthetotalvolumeofcementinconcretebyavolumeofonebagwhichistakenas0.03. Fortotalvolumeofcementinratio1:2:4,addthenumberstogether,1+2+4=7 Dividethevolumeofconcreteby7togetthevolumeofcementinconcrete. i.e4.894/7=0.7m3forvolumeofcement. Remembervolumeofonebagofcementis0.03,thendivide0.7m3by0.03 =23bagsofcement Alsoiftheratioisin1:3:6,simplyadd1+3+6=10 Dividevolumeofconcreteby10togettherequiredvolumeofcementinconcrete i.e4.894/10=0.4894forvolumeofcement Dontforgetwearetakingthevolumeofonebagofcementas0.03, Thendivide0.4894m3by0.03m3 =16bagsofcement(thisismostapplicableongoodandfairlystablesoil.
PARTII Example:
A single 2 x 16 x 16 Stepping Stone made with a standard 1-2-3 concrete mix (1 part Cement plus 2 Parts Sand plus 3 Parts Gravel).