Considerthe integral:
11
x
2
xWecansolvetheintegralbytrigonometricsubstitution:
Θ
1
x
2
x
1
LetCos
Θ
1
x
2
Sin
Θ
xCos
Θ
d
Θ
dxThentheintegralbecomes
Cos
Θ
Cos
Θ
Θ
Θ Θ
C
ArcSin
x
C,and wehavetheanti
derivative.
Ontheotherhand, wecan writetheoriginalintegralinadifferent way:
11
x
2
xWecan, onceagain, usetrigonometricsubstitutionhere:
Θ
1
x
2
x
1
LetTan
Θ
x
iTan
Θ
x
iSec
Θ
2
d
Θ
dxCos
Θ
11
x
2
2
Arc Trig Analytic Continuations.nb
Thentheintegralbecomes
Sec
Θ
2
Cos
Θ
Θ
Sec
Θ
Θ
Log
Sec
Θ
Tan
Θ
K
Log
1
x
2
x
KWhichgivesusanotherformulaforthisintegral.However,thetwomustbeequivalent, givingustheidentityArcSin
x
C
Log
1
x
2
x
KBut, takingx
0weobtain0
C
Log
1
KC
KSothatingeneralArcSin
x
Log
1
x
2
x
Wecanusethesameanalysisontheintegral
11
x
2
x
Arc Trig Analytic Continuations.nb
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Arc Trig Analytic Continuations
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