12

IMBUHAN DALAM BAHASA INGGRIS

1. Untuk membentuk kata benda yang menunjukkan perbuatan (verbal noun):
-age
assemble/assemblage
-al
deny/denial
-ance
resist/resistance; insure/insurance
-ing
give/giving
-ation
provoke/provocation
-ion
connect/connection; separate/separation
-ition
oppose/opposition
-ment
endow/endowment; enlighten/enlightenment
-(e)ry
mock/mockery
-ure
fail/failure; mix/mixture
-( )
scorn (v)/scorn; slap (v)/slap; hit (v)/hit
2. Untuk membentuk kata benda yang menunjukkan sifat/keadaan/tempat:
-ance
abundant/abundance
-ence
persistent/persistence
-cy
constant/constancy
-dom
wise/wisdom
-ism
ideal/idealism
-ity
continuous/continuity; real/reality
-ness
good/goodness; kind/kindness
(hampir semua kata sifat dapat dibendakan dengan akhiran -ness)
-ory
conservation/conservatory
-( )
curve (v)/curve (n); blemish (v)/blemish (n)
3. Untuk membentuk kata benda yang menunjukkan pelaku/alat, atau penderita:
-er
teach/teacher; rule/ruler
-ist
cycle/cyclist; special/specialist
-or
operate/operator; escalate/escalator
-ee
examine/ecaminee; train/trainee
4. Untuk membentuk kata benda dari kata benda (untuk menyatakan keadaan/daerah/sistim):
-dom
king/kingdom
-ful
spoon/spoonful; mouth/mouthful
-head
God/Godhead
-hood
brother/brotherhood
-let
book/booklet (akhiran pemerkecil)
-ry
treasure/treasury
-ship
scholar/scholarship; relation/relationship;
professor/professorship
5. Untuk menurunkan kata sifat dari kata-benda/kata-kerja/kata-sifat:
-able
accept/acceptabe
-al
idea/ideal; continue/continual
-an
Indonesia/Indonesian
-ant
abound/abundant
-ed
curse/cursed

-en
-ent
-ern
-fold
-ful
-ian
-ible
-ic
-ical
-ing
-ish
-ive
-less
-like
-ly

gold/golden; wood/wooden
consist/consistent; persist/persistent
west/western
two/twofold
beauty/beautiful; success/successful
Arab/Arabian
permit/permissible
method/methodic
method/methodical
amuse/amusing
child/childish; blue/blueish
prevent/preventive
mercy/merciless
business/businesslike; gentleman/gentlemanlike
coward/cowardly; gentleman/gentlemanly

-ory/atory
-ous
-some
-th
-ward
-y

introduction/introductory;
compulsion/compulsory; obligation/obligatory
continue/continuous; danger/dangerous
trouble/troublesome; irk/irksome
four/fourth
back/backward
gloom/gloomy; mist/misty; cloud/cloudy

6. Untuk membentuk kata kerja dari kata sifat/benda:

-en
stiff(a)/stiffen; light (a/n)/lighten; height
(n)/heighten
-(i)fy
simple/simplify; ample/amplify
-ize,-ise
modern/modernize; civil/civilize
7. Untuk membentuk kata keterangan (adverb):
-ly
slow/slowly
-ward
back/backward; rear/rearward
-way(s)
side/sideway(s)
-wise
other/otherwise; contrary/contrariwise; clock; clockwise; side/sidewise
8. Untuk membetuk kata yang merupakan lawan (berlawanan) terhadap kata dasarnya:
a(b)normal/abnormal
anticlimax/anticlimax
disobey/disobey; agree/disagree
im-,in-,
possible/impossible; valuable/invaluable;
il-,irlogical/illogical; responsible/irresponsible
unusual/unusual; faithful/unfaithful
9. Untuk menunjukkan perulangan perbuatan dalam kata kerja:
rewrite/rewrite; gain/regain

Untuk menunjukkan gerak ke muka, mendahului, melebihi, dsb:

propose/propose
prejudge/prejudge; dominate/predominate; suppose/presuppose
Untuk menunjukkan gerak ke dalam:
im-, inprint/imprint; press/impress; stall/install; (clude)/include
Untuk menunjukkan gerak ke luar (gerak dari):
excommunicate/excommunicate; change/exchange; (clude)/exclude
Untuk menunjukkan gerak melintas (melalui):
transform/transform; atlantic/transatlantic; fix/transfix; migrate/transmigrate
Untuk menunjukkan perbuatan melawan (membalas):
counter- act/counteract; attact/counterattact
Untuk menunjukkan gerak antara, saling:
interchange/interchange; action/interaction

14
LATIHAN DICTIONARY WORK
Carilah semua kata yang mempunyai akar makna yang sama dengan kata
yang tersedia berserta artinya dalam bahasa Indonesia. Tuliskan
ditempat yang tersedia.
1. health

= ___________________

4. variety

= ___________________

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2. politics

= ___________________

5. social

= ___________________

____________ = ___________________

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3. government

= ___________________

6. universe

= ___________________

____________ = ___________________

____________ = ___________________

____________ = ___________________

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____________ = ___________________

____________ = ___________________

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____________ = ___________________