THE VERB

TO BE
Shamama
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The Simple Present of the verb

To Be:

am
are
is
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Personal /Subject Pronouns
I
You
He
She
We
They
It
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Personal Pronouns are used
as subjects
I
am
You/We /They are
He/She/It is
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Affirmative
Without Contractions With Contractions
Full Form Short Form
I am I’m (I’m tall)
You are You’re

He is He’s
She is She’s
It is It’s

We are We’re

They are They’re

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Negative
Without Contractions With Contractions
Full Form Short Form
I am not I’m not (tall)

You are not You aren’t

He is not He isn’t
She is not She isn’t
It is not It isn’t

We are not We aren’t

They are not They aren’t

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Affirmative
Questions
No Contractions with Affirmative Questions
Am I ..(a student)?

Are you ……….?

Is he ………..?
Is she ……….?

Is it …………?
Are we ………?
Are they ……….?
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Short answers:

• Am I tall?
• Is she tall?
• Are you a student?
• Are they students?
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Short answers:

• Am I tall? Yes, you

are.
• Is she tall? No, she
isn’t.
• Are you a student? Yes, I am.
• Are they students? No, they
aren’t.
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Negative
Questions
Without Contractions With Contractions
Full Form Short Form
Am I not..? X

Are you not..(happy)? Aren’t you..?

Is he not...? Isn’t he..?

Is she not..? Isn’t she..?
Is it not..? Isn’t it..?

Are we not..? Aren’t we..?

Are they not..? Aren’t they..?

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USES
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To say who we are:
• I’m a teacher.
• They are my sisters.
• We are doctors.
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To talk about people’s

age:

• My sister is 9 years old.

• How old are you?
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To talk about the

weather:

• It’s cold today.

• It isn’t raining today.
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To talk about the time:

• It’s ten o’clock.

• Am I late?
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To describe people,
places and things:
• He is funny.
• Riyadh is a big city.
• It is a wooden table.
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Make affirmative sentences

(Roger - 26 years old – postman)
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Make a negative sentence (not
teachers)
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Ask an affirmative question

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Give a short answer

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Ask a negative question

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We use identifiers as subjects
with verb ‘to be’

• This/That is a table.
• These/Those are books.
• Here/There is a pencil.
•