MAKALAH BIOMATERIAL III

SIWAK (Salvadora persica)

Hana Mursalina 07/8170 Venny Bellya A. 07/8178 Ayu Sri Zalolita 08/8362 Michael Gan a !i"aya 08/836# B. $e%tra&ia '. 08/8366 M. (a yl )uni*ar 08/8368 Ar hian +ah,a -. 08/8370 Hanny .yas S. 08/8372 /ur Sha rina 0.S. 08/837# (insa .isna Sari 08/8376 A,in a (ai*ura 1inti 2,ar 08/8378

BAGIAN BIOMATERIAL KEDOKTERAN GIGI FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN GIGI UNIVERSITAS GADJAH MADA YOGYAKARTA 2011

BAB I PENDAHULUAN -esehatan 3i3i ,eru4a5an hal yan3 san3at 4entin36 1ah5an 4erhatian terha a4 5esehatan 3i3i su ah 1erlan3sun3 i"a3a 5arena 4a a i Mesir se"a5 tahun 1700 SM. 8ntu5 ,en"a3a 5esehatan 3i3i6 5e1ersihan ,ulut harus aerah ,ulut ter a4at 1er1a3ai ,aca, 1a5teri. ari 4enya5it 3i3i ini ti a5 hanya arah 5e 9enye1a1 uta,a 4enya5it 3i3i yaitu 4la56 yan3 ,enye1a15an 5aries ,au4un ra an3 4erio onsiu,. A5i1at 5ehilan3an 3i3i6 teta4i 1a5teri a4at ,enye1ar ,elalui aliran

or3an:or3an tu1uh yan3 4entin3 lainnya ;Al,as6 2003<. Be1era4a a1a yan3 lalu6 ,asyara5at i .i,ur .en3ah6 A=ri5a6 an 1e1era4a ne3ara Asia telah ,en33una5an 1a3ian tana,an yan3 ise1ut si>a56 yan3 u,u,nya ia,1il ari 4ohon ara5 ; Salvadora persica< untu5 ,e,1ersih5an ,ulut. Si>a5 ,u ah lin35un3an. Si>a5 ,en3an un3 i3una5an6 *at:*at a4at ,enyi5at i1utuh5an en3an untu5 1ai56 ,e,1eri 1usa 4a a ,ulut6 ,enin35at5an air liur6 yan3 an ra,ah

,enin35at5an 5esehatan ,ulut. -an un3an si>a5 antara lain 1ahan antise4ti56 asa, tanat yan3 1ersi=at astrin3ensia6 an ,inya5 atsiri yan3 a4at ,enin35at5an aliran sali&a. $en3an a anya aliran sali&a yan3 ce4at ini6 4enurunan 4H 4la5 a4at iha,1at 5arena i ala, sali&a ite,u5an a anya 1u=er uta,a6 yaitu 1i5ar1onat yan3 ,eru4a5an 4ertahanan e=e5ti= terha a4 4ro u5si asa, ari 1a5teri 5ario3eni5 ;Al:?a=i an A1a1neh61@@7<. ?arutan e5stra5 si>a5 1er1e a en3an o1at 5u,ur lain 5arena an ti a5 ,en3an un3 e5stra5 si>a5 ti a5 ,en3an un3 1ahan 5i,ia

al5ohol. Si>a5 ,e,4unyai e=e5 1a5terisi a terha a4 1e1era4a 1a5teri yan3 a a i ala, 4la56 ter,asu5 i antaranya 1a5teri 4en3hasil asa,6 sehin33a ,eta1olis,e ,a5anan oleh 1a5teri terse1ut ti a5 ter"a i yan3 1era5i1at 4ro u5 asa, ti a5 ter1entu5 ;Al:Harithi6 2006 <.

BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA A. Siw ! (Salvadora persica) Si>a5 atau ,is>a5 ;Salvadora persica< ,eru4a5an 1a3ian ari 1atan36 a5ar atau rantin3 tu,1uhan yan3 5e1anya5an tu,1uh ia,1il ari a5ar an rantin3 tana,an Salvadora persica6 en3an 1atan3 yan3 1erca1an3:ca1an36 i an aerah .i,ur .en3ah6 Asia6 an A=ri5a. Si>a5 1er1entu5 1atan3 yan3 1er ia,eter antara 061 c, sa,4ai 7 c, 9ohon si>a5 1eru5uran 5ecil se4erti 1elu5ar 5e4utihan en3an ia,eter se5itar 30 c,. Ai5a 5ulitnya i5elu4as 1er>arna a3a5

an ,e,ili5i 1anya5 "untaian serat. A5arnya 1er>arna

co5elat an 1a3ian ala,nya 1er>arna 4utih. Aro,anya se4erti sele ri an rasanya a3a5 4e as ;Al:-hatee16 1@@1<. -lasi=i5asi $i&isi Su1 i&isi -elas Su15elas 2r o (a,ili Genus S4esies tana,an si>a5 ;Salvadora persica< ,enurut ."itrosoe4o,o ;1@@8< a alah se1a3ai 1eri5utB B C,1ryo4hyta B S4er,ato4hyta B $icotyle ons B Cu icotile ons B Brassicales B Sal&a oraceae B Sal&a ora B Sal&a ora 4ersica

Ga,1ar 1. -ayu si>a5 ;Salvadora persica< Si>a5 4erta,a 5ali +o,a>i6 an tera5hir i3una5an oleh oran3 Ba1el se5itar 7000 an a4at

tahun yan3 lalu6 5e,u ian i3una5an i seluruh 5era"aan )unani an i3una5an oleh oran3 )ahu i6 Mesir6 i4ercaya -era"aan 0sla,. Se"a5 300 tahun yan3 lalu6 si>a5

,en"a i 4re5ursor untu5 si5at 3i3i ,o ern i Cro4a. Saat ini6 si>a5 telah i3una5an i A=ri5a6 A,eri5a Selatan6 Asia .i,ur6 .i,ur .en3ah ter,asu5 Ara1 Sau i6 an seluruh ne3ara:ne3ara 0sla,. 0stilah si>a5 ,e,ili5i na,a yan3 1er1e a i 1er1a3ai ,asyara5at6 ,isalnya si>a5 atau ara5 i .i,ur .en3ah6 ,is>a5 i .an*ania6 serta si>a5 i 0n ia an 9a5istan. 9en33unaan si>a5 en3an cara i5unyah telah ila5u5an i 1anya5 1u aya i unia. $i .i,ur .en3ah6 4en3unyahan si>a5 ,en"a i suatu hal u,u, ;Al:?a=i an A1a1neh61@@7<. Si>a5 1er=un3si ,en3i5is ,e,i"at ;massage<. Si>a5 le1ih an ,e,1ersih5an 1a3ian ala, ,ulut. -ata si>a5 sen iri 1erasal ari 1ahasa ara1 Dyu li5E yan3 artinya ari se5e ar si5at 3i3i 1iasa 5arena an ti a5 ,erusa5 3i3i i selain ,e,ili5i serat 1atan3 yan3 elastis anti,i5ro1ial

1a>ah te5anan yan3 5eras6 si>a5 "u3a ,e,ili5i 5an un3an ala,i an antidecay system. Batan3 si>a5 yan3 1er ia,eter 5ecil6 ,e,ili5i 5e,a,4uan =le5si1ilitas yan3 tin33i untu5 ,ene5u5 5e aerah ,ulut secara te4at an a4at ,en3i5is 4la5 4a a 3i3i. Si>a5

"u3a a,an 1@83<.

an sehat 1a3i 4er5e,1an3an 3usi ;Cl:Mostehy et al6

B. " # A!#i$ % & Siw ! (Salvadora persica) Menurut Al:?a=i 5uran3 le1ih 1@ *at yan3 an A1a1neh ;1@@7<6 si>a5 ,en3an un3 i1utuh5an untu5 ,enin35at5an 5esehatan

,ulut. Si>a5 ,e,ili5i 5an un3an 5i,ia>i yan3 1er,an=aat6 ,eli4uti B 1. Antibacterial acids6 se4erti astrin3en6 a1rasi&e6 an eter3en yan3 1er=un3si untu5 ,e,1unuh 1a5teri6 ,ence3ah in=e5si6 an se i5it yan3 ,en3henti5an 4en arahan 4a a 3usi. 9en33unaan 5ayu si>a5 yan3 se3ar 4erta,a 5ali6 a5an terasa a3a5 4e as ,eru4a5an su1stansi antibacterial acid terse1ut. 2. -an un3an 5i,ia>i6 se4erti 5lori a6 4otasiu,6 so iu, 1i5ar1onat6 =luori a6 sili5a6 sul=ur6 &ita,in '6 tri,etila,in6 sal&a orin6 tannin6 an 1e1era4a ,ineral lainnya yan3 1er=un3si untu5 ,e,1ersih5an 3i3i6 ,e,utih5an an ,enyehat5an 3i3i an 3usi. Bahan:1ahan ini serin3 ie5stra5 se1a3ai 1ahan 4enyusun 4asta 3i3i. 3. Minya5 aro,a ala,i yan3 ,e,ili5i rasa an 1au yan3 se3ar6 yan3 a4at ,enye3ar5an ,ulut an ,en3hilan35an 1au ti a5 se a4. #. Cn*i, yan3 ,ence3ah 4e,1entu5an 4la5 yan3 ,eru4a5an 4enye1a1 ra an3 3usi an 4enye1a1 uta,a tan33alnya 3i3i secara 4re,atur. 7. Antidecay agent an antigermal system6 yan3 1ertin a5 se4erti 9enicilin untu5 ,enurun5an "u,lah 1a5teri i ,ulut an ,ence3ah ter"a inya 4roses 4e,1usu5an. Si>a5 "u3a turut ,eran3san3 4ro u5si sali&a6 yan3 ,ana sali&a ,eru4a5an 1ahan or3ani5 yan3 a4at ,elin un3i an ,e,1ersih5an ,ulut. Si>a5 a4at ,en3hilan35an 4la5 tan4a ,enye1a15an lu5a ,e,1a5ar6 5arena ter a4at 5an un3an seru4a ,ustar

4a a 3i3i ;?orian6 1@@6<. Si>a5 a4at ,e,1ersih5an 3i3i an "arin3an

,ulut

en3an

ua cara6 yaitu

en3an a5si ,e5anis

ari sera1ut:

sera1utnya an en3an a anya e=e5 5i,ia>i 4a a 3i3i6 3usi6 an atau 4la5 3i3i. .ana,an ini ,e,ili5i 5an un3an 5i,ia>i yan3 1ersi=at anti1a5teri6 yaitu sul=ur an al5aloi . A5ti&itas sul=ur se1a3ai anti1a5teri a alah en3an cara ,e,1lo5 siste, en*i, 4a a ,i5roor3anis,e en3an cara 1erea5si secara 5i,ia>i en3an li4i sel sehin33a ,en3ha,1at 4e,1elahan an 4ertu,1uhan ,i5roor3anis,e terse1ut atau ,i5roor3anis,e ;Al:Harithi6 2006<. Salvadora persica "u3a ,en3an un3 sal&a orin6 yaitu suatu al5aloi yan3 1ersi=at anti1a5teri 5arena ,e,ili5i 5e,a,4uan ,en3ha,1at 5er"a en*i, untu5 ,ensintesis 4rotein 1a5teri. Suatu sel hi u4 yan3 nor,al ,e,ili5i en*i, untu5 ,elan3sun35an 4roses: 4roses ,eta1oli56 an 4rotein:4rotein lainnya6 asa, nu5leat serta senya>a:senya>a lain. Gan33uan ,eta1olis,e 1a5teri ,e,1uat 5e1utuhan ener3i ti a5 tercu5u4i sehin33a ,en3a5i1at5an rusa5nya sel 1a5teri secara 4er,anen yan3 1erlan"ut 5e4a a 5e,atian 1a5teri ;$>ian ari6 2006<. 9enelitian tentan3 analisa 5an un3an 1atan3 5ayu si>a5 5erin3 ;Salvadora persica< en3an e5stra5si ,en33una5an etanol 80F 5e,u ian ilan"ut5an en3an ether lalu iteliti 5an un3annya ,elalui 4rose ur 5i,ia C'9 ;Exhaustive Chemical Procedure< ,enun"u55an 1ah>a si>a5 ,en3an un3 *at:*at 5i,ia6 se4erti tri,etila,in6 al5aloi yan3 i u3a se1a3ai sal&a orin6 5lori a6 se"u,lah 1esar =luori a an sili5a6 sul=ur6 &ita,in '6 serta se"u,lah 5ecil tannin6 sa4onin6 =la&enoi an sterol ;Cl:Mostehy et al6 1@83<. Menurut Cl&in:?e>is ;1@82<6 4enelitian 5i,ia>i terha a4 tana,an ini telah ila5u5an se,en"a5 a1a 5e:1@6 an ite,u5an se"u,lah 1esar 5lori a6 =luor6 tri,etila,in an resin. Hasil 4enelitian (arooGi an Sri&asta&a ;1@68<6 ,enun"u55an an ,ulut an

a anya 5an un3an sili5a6 sul=ur an &ita,in ' 4a a si>a5. -an un3an 5i,ia terse1ut san3at 1er,an=aat 1a3i 5esehatan 3i3i 5arena tri,etila,in an &ita,in ' ,e,1antu 4enye,1uhan

4er1ai5an "arin3an 3usi. -lori a 1er,an=aat untu5 ,en3hilan35an no a 4a a 3i3i6 se an35an sili5a a4at 1erea5si se1a3ai 4en33oso5. Se,entara 5e1era aan sul=ur i5enal en3an rasa han3at an 1aunya yan3 5has6 serta =luori a 1er3una 1a3i 5esehatan 3i3i se1a3ai 4ence3ah ter"a inya 5aries en3an ,e,4er5uat la4isan e,ail an ,en3uran3i larutnya terha a4 asa, yan3 ihasil5an oleh 1a5teri. -hoory ;1@83< ,en"elas5an 1ah>a si>a5 5aya a5an sili5a an =luori a. Sili5a 1er=un3si ,e,1antu ,e,1ersih5an 3i3i 5arena sili5a 1e5er"a se1a3ai 1ahan 4en33oso5 yan3 se1a3ai 1eri5ut B
1. 9eru1ahan hi ro5sia4atit ,en"a i =luora4atit yan3 le1ih tahan

a4at ,en3hilan35an no a. en3an cara

A a4un =luori a ,en3erah5an 4roses anti5ario3eni5

terha a4 acid dissolution.

2. Berca,4urnya acidogenic organism

ala, 4la5 3i3i sehin33a

,en3uran3i 4H ari 4la5 3i3i.

3. Me,1antu ,e,ulih5an 5e,1ali 3i3i yan3 1aru rusa5. #. Me,1entu5 e=e5 4en3ha,1at terha a4 4ertu,1uhan 1a5teri 4a a

4la5 3i3i. C5stra5 si>a5 "u3a ,enun"u55an a anya 4ro4erti anti,i5ro1ial teruta,a anti1a5teri yan3 san3at e=e5ti= ,en3ha,1at 4ertu,1uhan 1a5teri an ala, ,e,1unuh anti=un3al ;Al:?a=i an an ala, 1a5teri si>a5 an a4at

A1a1neh6 1@@7H $arout et al6 2000<. $arout et al ;2000< ,ela4or5an 1ah>a 5o,4onen 5i,ia>i e5stra5 5ayu si>a5 san3at a,4uh ,en3hilan35an 4la5 an -an un3an se4erti ,ere u5si anioni5 i &irulensi ala,i ala, periodontopathogenic. ,e,1unuh ,i5ro1a6

i4ercaya se1a3ai anti,i5ro1ial e=e5ti= nitrat

ala, ,en3ha,1at yan3 ila4or5an

,e,4en3aruhi trans4or a5ti= 4orline 4a a Eschericia coli an ter1u5ti a,4uh 4ula ala, ,en3ha,1at =os=orilasi o5si ati= an 4en3a,1ilan o5si3en Pseudomonas aureginosa an Staphylococcus en3an 3ru4 sul=ihi ril aureus. ala, Hi4otiosianat ,enun"u55an 1erea5si

en*i, 1a5teri yan3 a4at ,enye1a15an 5e,atian 1a5teri. Zaena1 et al ;200#< telah ,en3u"i 1ah>a ter a4at 4er1e aan -HM antara e5stra5 si>a5 an 5ristal si>a56 i ,ana e5stra5 ,e,4unyai aya anti1a5teri le1ih tin33i ari4a a 5ristal. $aya anti1a5teri e5stra5 an 5ristal ari 4a a Salvadora persica le1ih 1ai5 terha a4 B. elaninogenicus aya ha,1at 4ertu,1uhan terha a4 S. mutans.
'. A%'i! (i Siw ! (Salvadora persica) & ' ) K*&+!#*, - Gi.i

9asta 3i3i en3an 5an un3an si>a5 ; Salvadora persica< ter iri ari trimetyl amine, silica, al5aloi , chloride, fluoride, sa4onin, tannin6 resin6 sul=ur6 &ita,in ' an sterol. Chloride 1er3una ala, ,en3an35at stain6 silica ,eru4a5an 1ahan 4e,1ersih 3i3i6 tannin an resin ,e,1entu5 la4isan 4elin un3 4a a e,ail yan3 ,ence3ah ,asalah 5erusa5an 3i3i6 &ita,in ' 1er=un3si ala, ,en3uran3i 5al5ulus an trimetyl amine ,e,1antu an stain6 sul=ur6 al5aloi an ala, ,enye,1uh5an "arin3an 3in3i&a6 trymetyl amine sen iri =luor ,elin un3i 3i3i ari 1a5teri 5ario3eni5 ;Al,as I Al:Zei 6 200#<. 'ontoh 4asta 3i3i yan3 ,en33una5an si>a5 a alah ,er5 Si>a5 (6 yan3 ,en3an un3 1ahan a5ti= se4erti 5alsiu,6 5ayu si>a56 so iu, ,ono=luoro=os=at6 an clo&e oil. Ga,1ar 2. 9asta 3i3i yan3 ,en3an un3 si>a5

BAB III PEMBAHASAN A. H (i' P*-*'i#i - P*-.*)/ -. - Siw ! (Salvadora persica) 9enelitian 5linis an la1oratoris telah ila5u5an oleh So=rata an anti1a5teri ari ;2010< untu5 ,enentu5an 5e,a,4uan anti4la5

si>a5. Hasil 4enelitian ini ,enun"u55an 1ah>a 4en33unaan 1atan3 si>a5 an e5stra5nya ,e,4unyai e=e5 anti1a5teri yan3 5uat terha a4 1a5teri Gra, ne3ati=6 se4erti Porphyromonas gingivalis an Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. -o,4onen uta,a yan3 1ertin a5 se1a3ai anti1a5teri a alah 1en*il isotiosianat. 9enelitian: 4enelitian ter ahulu telah ,e,1u5ti5an 5hasiat anti1a5teri Salvadora persica terha a4 1e1era4a 1a5teri aero1 an anaero1 4a a ron33a a4at ,ene5an ,ulut serta Candida albicans. .ana,an ini ter1u5ti 70F atau le1ih ren ah ;Cl:Mostehy6 2007<. Suatu 4enelitian yan3 ila5u5an oleh Sher et al ;2011< terha a4 1a5teri oral ter4ilih terha a4 e5stra5 si>a5 ,enun"u55an ter a4at 4en3ha,1atan 4ertu,1uhan Streptococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyrogenis, Streptococcus aeruginosa, Lactobocillus acidophilus, an Candida albicans. Al:?a=i an A1a1neh ;1@@7< telah ,en3u"i a5ti&itas anti1a5teri ari 5ayu si>a5 untu5 ,en3ha,1at 1e1era4a 1a5teri ,ulut yan3 aero1 an anaero1. Menurut hasil 4enelitian Ga*i et al ;1@87<6 e5stra5 5asar 5ayu si>a5 yan3 i"a i5an cairan 5u,ur an i5a"i si=at: si=at anti4la5nya 1eserta e=e5nya terha a4 1a5teri 4enyusun 4la5 ,enye1a15an 4enurunan rastis 1a5teri 3ra, ne3ati= 1atan3. Hasil 4enelitian Al,as an Al:Zei ;200#< ,enun"u55an 1ah>a 4en33unaan si>a5 in vivo ,en3a5i1at5an 4enurunan si3ni=i5an Streptococcus mutans i ala, sali&a 1ila i1an in35an ari en3an

4ertu,1uhan Streptococcus mutans an S. faecalis 4a a 5onsentrasi

4en33unaan salin. 9a a 5onsentrasi e5stra5 si>a5 se1anya5 10F6 ti a5 ter"a i 4eru1ahan6 teta4i 4eru1ahan si3ni=i5an ter"a i 4a a

5onsentrasi @0F. C=e5 e5stra5 ini terha a4 Lactobacillus 5uran3 si3ni=i5an ari4a a e=e5nya terha a4 Streptococcus mutans. 9enelitian ini "u3a ,e,1an in35an si=at anti,i5ro1a antara si5at 3i3i 1iasa en3an 1atan3 si>a5 an hasil 4enelitian ini ,enun"u55an 4en3uran3an si3ni=i5an s4ecies Streptococcus mutans i ala, ,ulut 1ila 1atan3 si>a5 i3una5an. Al,as i1an in35an entin ;2003<6 ,eneliti SCM e=e5ti=itas ;Scanning e5stra5 Electron si>a5 70F en3an 'HJ ;'hlorhe%i ine Gluconate< 062F 4a a secara icroscopy<

,anusia

,enun"u55an 1ah>a e5stra5 si>a5 70F ,e,ili5i hasil yan3 sa,a en3an 'HJ 062F i ala, 4erlin un3an entin6 na,un e5stra5 si>a5 70F le1ih a4at ,en3hilan35an smear layer 4a a entin i1an in35an 'HJ 062F.
B. P*,/ -&i-. - Siw ! (Salvadora persica) &*-. - B 0 - Si-#*(i(

L i- 1 -. B*,*& , &i M (1 , ! # 9enelitian ,en3enai Salvadora persica ila5u5an ,eli4uti taha4:taha4 se1a3ai 1eri5utB e5stra5si 1atan3 Salvadora persica6 u"i a5ti&itas anti1a5teri ;in &itro<6 e&aluasi to5si5olo3i e5stra5 ;in &i&o<6 4en3u5uran eli,inasi e5stra5 i ala, ron33a ,ulut ;in &i&o<6 an clinical trial ;Al:Bayaty et al, 2010<. 9enelitian Al:Bayaty et al ;2010< ,enun"u55an u"i a5ti&itas anti1a5teri ,en33una5an disc diffusion test techni!ue . -ontrol 4ositi= ,en33una5an 5lorhe5si in an 5ontrol ne3ati= ,en33una5an a5ua es. Setelah in5u1asi 2# "a, 4a a suhu 37 ' ite,u5an a5ti&itas en3an *ona

anti1a5teri in &itro ter1ai5 4a a 5onsentrasi 10 ,3/,l

ha,1at rata:rata 8677 ,,6 se an35an hasil clinical trial ,enun"u55an s5or in e5s 4la5 setelah 7 hari 5u,ur en3an mouth "ash Salvadora persica6 5lorhe5si in6 an 4lace1o a alah 16#8H 06#8H an 2607. Hasil terse1ut ,enun"u55an mouth "ash Salvadora persica a4at

10

,en3uran3i 9a a

in e5s

4la56

teta4i

hasilnya an Al:Zei

5uran3 ;200#<6

e=e5ti=

"i5a

i1an in35an en3an 5lorhe5si in. 4enelitian Al,as 4ro1an us i5elo,4o55an ,en"a i # 5elo,4o5 en3an 4erla5u5an yan3 1er1e a. -elo,4o5 4erta,a ia4li5asi5an Salvadora persica sela,a 6 ,enit6 5elo,4o5 5e ua ia4li5asi5an mouth "ash e5stra5 Salvadora persica 70F sela,a 6 ,enit6 5elo,4o5 5eti3a ia4li5asi5an 4asta 3i3i 'ol3ate en3an ,enyi5at 3i3i sela,a 6 ,enit6 an 5elo,4o5 5ee,4at ia4li5asi5an salin se1a3ai 5ontrol. 9a a 5elo,4o5 4erta,a6 4a a @0 F 4ro1an us ite,u5an a5ti&itas anti1a5teri. A5ti&itas anti1a5teri 4a a 1a5teri Lactobacillus le1ih 1ai5 i1an in35an 4a a Streptococcus mutans. 9a a e5stra5 Salvadora persica 70F ,enun"u55an re u5si "u,lah 1a5teri. Au,lah Streptococcus mutans le1ih 1anya5 1er5uran3 en3an Salvadora persica i1an in35an en3an ,enyi5at 3i3i 5on&ensional en3an 4asta 3i3i. Hasil 4enelitian terse1ut ,enun"u55an mouth "ash Salvadora persica ,e,ili5i a5ti&itas anti1a5teri le1ih 1ai5 i1an in35an en3an 4en33unaan 4asta 3i3i en3an cara ,en33oso5 3i3i 5on&ensional. 9enelitian lain en3an ,en"a i5an ser1u5 si>a5 se1a3ai 1ahan ta,1ahan 4a a 4asta 3i3i i1an in35an en3an 4en33unaan 4asta en3an 3i3i tan4a ca,4uran ser1u5 si>a5 ,enun"u55an 1ah>a 4rosentase hasil ter1ai5 1a3i 5esehatan 3i3i secara se,4urna a alah ,en33una5an 4asta 3i3i en3an 1utiran:1utiran ser1u5 si>a56 5arena 1utiran:1utiran ser1u5 si>a5 terse1ut ,a,4u ,en"an35au sela:sela 3i3i secara se,4urna an ,en3eluar5an sisa:sisa ,a5anan yan3 ,asih 1ersaran3 4a a sela:sela 3i3i. Hal inilah yan3 ,en oron3 4erusahaan:4erusahaan 4asta 3i3i i unia ,enyerta5an ser1u5 si>a5 5e ala, 4ro u5 4asta 3i3i ,ere5a. !orl Health 2r3ani*ation ;!H2< turut ,en"a i5an si>a5 se1a3ai salah satu 5o,o itas 5esehatan yan3 4erlu i4elihara an i1u i aya5an ;Al:-hatee1 et al.6 1@@1<.

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C&aluasi to5si5olo3i e5stra5 ila5u5an en3an ,en33una5an 32 ti5us al1ino "antan yan3 4eritoneal iin"e5si e5stra5 Salvadora persica secara en3an 5onsentrasi yan3 1er&ariasi. Hasil 4enelitian a4at itoleransi en3an 1ai5. Hasil 4en3u5uran ala, ron33a ,ulut i a4at5an

,enun"u55an ti a5 ter"a i ,ortalitas. Hal ini ,en3in i5asi5an su1stansi Salvadora persica eli,inasi e5stra5 Salvadora persica 4a a "a, 5e:6 e5stra5 ,ulai

ite,u5an ; ie5s5resi5an< 4a a sali&a

an hilan3 4a a "a, 5e:8 ;Al:Bayaty et al, 2010<. $ari 5a"ian So=rata ;2010< "u3a telah inyata5an 1ah>a tu1uh ,anusia a5an ,e,4ro u5si isothiosianata secara ala,i saat ,en35onsu,si sayur:sayuran tertentu "a i 1en*il isothiosianat6 yan3 ,eru4a5an 1ahan a5ti= anti1a5teri uta,a ari Salvadora persica6 a4at icerna tu1uh secara ala,i tan4a a4at an ,enye1a15an to5sisitas 4a a sel atau tu1uh ,anusia an ,alah6 4a a osis yan3 cu5u4 tin33i6 ter1u5ti 1ah>a 1en*il isothiosianata 1ersi=at anti5arsino3eni5 4a a or3an tu1uh se4erti 4aru6 4rostat 4ayu ara.

BAB IV KESIMPULAN 1. Si>a5 ;Salvadora persica< ,e,ili5i si=at anti1a5teri yan3 san3at e=e5ti= ala, ,e,1unuh anti=un3al 2. 9en33unaan o1at 5u,ur larutan e5stra5 si>a5 ; Salvadora persica< harus i3una5an 1ersa,a alat 4enyi5at 3i3i untu5 ,e,1eri5an a5si ala, usaha ,enin35at5an status ,e5anis. -arena6 o1at 5u,ur hanya ,e,ili5i a5si 5i,ia>i sa"a yan3 1er=un3si se1a3ai 4elen35a4 hi3iene ,ulut. an ,en3ha,1at 4ertu,1uhan 1a5teri an

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DAFTAR PUSTAKA Al:Bayaty6 (H.6 Al:-ou1aisi6 AH.6 Ali6 /A!.6 A1 ulla6 MA. 2010. C==ect o= Mouth !ash C%tracte =ro, Salvadora persica ;Mis>a5< on $ental 9laGue (or,ationB A 'linical .rail. # ed Plants $es #;1#<B 1##6: 7#. Al:Harithi6 /. 2006. Mis>a56 .he /atural .ooth1rush6 %emen &imes 1#. Al:-hatee16 .?.6 2EMullane6 $M.6 !helton6 H.6 Sulai,an6 M0. 1@@1. 9erio ontal .reat,ent /ee s a,on3 Sau i Ara1ian A ults an .heir +elationshi4 to the 8se o= the Mis>a5. Community 'ent (ealth 8;#<B 323:8. Al:?a=i6 ..6 A1a1neh6 H. 1@@7. .he C==ect o= the C%tract o= the Mis>a5 ;'he>in3 Stic5s< 8se in Aor an an the Mi le Cast on 2ral Bacteria. )nt 'ent # #7;3<B 218:22. Al,as6 -. 2003. .he C==ect o= Sal&a ora 4ersica C%tract ;Mis>a5< an 'hlorhe%i ine Gluconate on Hu,an $entinB A SCM Stu y. # Contemp 'ent Pract 3;3<B 27:37. Al,as6 -6 Al:Zei Z. 200#. .he 0,,e iate Anti,icro1ial C==ect o= A .ooth1rush an Mis>a5 on 'ario3enic BacteriaB A 'linical Stu y. # Contemp 'ent Pract 8;1<B 7:6. $arout6 0A.6 'hristy6 AA.6 S5ai36 /6 C3e1er36 9-. 2000. Anti,icro1ial Anionic 'o,4onents 0n Mis>a5 C%tract. )ndian # Pharmacol 32;1<B 11:1#. $>ian ari6 H9.6 !i "i"ono6 Sastro,ihar "o6 !. 2006. 9en3aruh -onsentrasi 9ro4olis .erha a4 $aya Anti1a5teri Sta4hylococcus aureus ;-a"ian secara in &itro< )nd # 'ent 13;3<B 176:@. Cl:Mostehy6 $+.6 +a3aii6 M.6 Al:Aasse,6 AA.6 Al:)assin6 0A.6 Cl:Gin y6 A+.6 Shou5ry6 C. 1@83. Si>a5:As An 2ral Health $e&ice ;9reli,inary 'he,ical an 'linical C&aluation<. (amdard 26B#1:70. Cl&in:?e>is6 M. 1@82. .e .hera4eutic 9otential o= 9lants 8se in $ental (ol5 Me icine. *dontostomatol &rop 7B107B17. (arooGi6 M0H.6 Sri&asta&a6 AG. 1@68. .he .ooth1rush .ree +Salvadora persica,. -uart # Crude 'rug $es 8B 12@7:@@. Ga*i6 M0.6 ?a,1ourne6 A.6 'ha3la6 AH. 1@87. .he Anti4laGue C==ect o= .ooth4aste 'ontainin3 Sal&a ora 4ersica 'o,4are 'hlorhe%i ine GluconateB A 9ilot Stu y. Clin Prev 'ent @;6<B 3:8. -hoory6 .. 1@83. .he 8se o= 'he>in3 Stic5s in 9re&enti&e 2ral Hy3iene. Clin Prev 'ent 7B11:1#. 13

?orian6 V. 1@@6. Antibiotics in Laboratory !illia, an !il5ins.

edicine. #th e . Balti,oreB

Sher6 H.6 Al:)e,eni6 M/.6 !i"aya6 ?. 2011. Cthno1otanical an Anti1acterial 9otential o= Sal&a ora 4ersica lB A !ell -no>n Me icinal 9lant in Ara1 an 8nani Syste, o= Me icine. # ed Plant $es 7;7<B 122#:@. So=rata6 AH. 2010. Salvadora Persica ; is"a.<B An Effective /ay of 0illing *ral Pathogens. Stoc5hol,B -arolins5a 0nstitutet. ."itrosoe4o,o6 G. 1@@8. &a.sonomi &umbuhan 1. )o3ya5artaB Ga "ah Ma a 8ni&ersity 9ress. Zaena16 Mur iastuti H!6 Anny V96 ?o3a>a B. 200#. 8"i Anti1a5teri Si>a5 ;Sal&a ora 4ersica ?inn.< terha a4 Stre4tococcus ,utans ;A.'31@87< an Bacteroi es ,elanino3enicus. a.ara 0esehatan 8;2<B 37:#0.

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