English Advanced Book

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SITA GmbH
Pinneberg, Germany
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03.2006
Printed in Bulgaria
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1
6
Opinions about the Impact
of Mass Media
(
)

18
2
20
Private and Public
Broadcasting
( )

35

36
3
Computers in Our Daily Life
(
)

38
50
52
4
How to Apply for a Job
(
)

54
5
Crime and Violence
( )

68
64
65
80
82
6
84
Pollution is Everybodys
Business
(

)

96
98
7
Impressions of England
(Part 1)
(
(I ))

100
8
(Part 2)
(
(II ))

114
110
111
9
Thoughts about Aging
( )

144
146
10
148
Finding a New Home
( )

158

159
128
130
162
164
Unit 1
Opinions about the Impact

of Mass Media
impact
mass media
to join smb.
sure
college
exchange programme
journalism
Opinions about the Impact of Mass Media
P: Hello, Im Peter. May I join you

for lunch?
J: Sure, have a seat. Im John.
P: Have you been at this college
for long?
J: Yes, Im in my third year.
P: I arrived some weeks ago.
Im on a student exchange programme from Germany studying journalism.
J: Oh?
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to gain
insight
political
science
political science
to gather
experience
P: Yes, I hope to gain some new

insights into reporting.
J: Thats a good idea. Im studying political science. I have
been on exchange programmes myself: to Germany
and to the United States.
P: That sounds very interesting. At
the moment Im gathering material on the impact of the mass
media. You must really have a
good insight into this subject
with your experience.
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10
weekly
to influence
point of view
to be true ,
to compare
style of reporting
soon
there is more than one side to a coin
J: Well, yes. I find, if you read the

newspapers and weeklies in
different countries, it influences
your point of view. The same is
true of radio and television.
P: Yes, but what exactly do you

mean?
J: If you compare the different
styles of reporting, youll soon
find that there is more than one
side to a coin.
11
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12
to report on sth.
domestic affairs
to be surprised
surprise
I mean
interpretation
viewpoint
audience
background
comparable to sth.
variety
P: When I read a British newspaper reporting on domestic affairs in Germany, Im often surprised. I mean the events are
the same, but the interpretation
and the viewpoints are quite
different from the German papers.
J: Well, thats because the reporters are writing for a different
audience with different experience and background. Its
comparable to the variety one
finds in our domestic newspapers as well.
13
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14
comparison
conservative
liberal
event
to highlight
point
particular
American
largely
to depend on sth.
advertising
to appeal to
wide
P: I know what you mean. If you

compare conservative and liberal papers, both are reporting
on the same events, but they
highlight different points.
J: Thats what I mean. And my

experience in America showed
me that its particularly true of
American journalism. And
another thing: they largely depend on advertising, so they try
to appeal to a wide audience.
15
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pretty
critical
you are quite right
to be off for
lecture
maybe
to continue
The New York Times
()
The Washington Post
()
17
P: But there are also papers in the

States that are pretty open and
critical in their reporting. Take
The New York Times or The
Washington Post.
J: Yes, but even they are writing
for a special audience.
P: Youre quite right.
J: Sorry, but I must be off for a
lecture. Maybe we can continue our discussion later.
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P: That would be fine. Bye-bye.
18
Fill in the missing words. ( .)

1. Peter is studying ...............
2. He hopes to gain some new .......... into journalism in other countries.
3. John is studying ................
4. John has been on ............ to Germany and the United States.
5. Peter is ........... material on the impact of the mass media.
6. Reporters are writing for different ..............
7. Each newspaper ............. different points.
8. American journalism largely depends on ............
9. They try to ............. to a wide audience.
10. Two great American newspapers are .................. and
..............
19
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20
Unit 2
Private and Public

Broadcasting
private
broadcasting
chance
to look around
to be impressed by sth.
studio
production
facilities
production facilities
to keep up with sth.
technology
Private and Public Broadcasting
A: Welcome to the BBC.

B: Thank you very much for your
invitation.
A: Have you had the chance to
look around, yet?
B: Yes, I have. Im quite impressed by your studios and
production facilities.
A: Well, we really try to keep up
with the latest technology.
21
A: !
B: !
A:
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B: .
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22
as
to point out sth.
to be concerned with sth.
development
to develop
heated discussions
to introduce
introduction
commercial
23
B: Yes, I think, youve succeeded

quite well. But, as I pointed out
in my letter, we in Germany are
more concerned with another
topic.
A: Yes, Ive been watching the
developments in Germany very
closely.
B: Weve had very heated discussions on introducing private
and commercial television.
B: , , .
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A: ,
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B:

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24
to propose
to be proposed
proposal
similar
useful
useless
station
to contain
aspect
A: I remember very well when private television was proposed in

Britain, we had a similar discussion.
B: Yes, that is why we thought it
would be useful to hear about
your experience with private
and commercial broadcasting
stations.
A: The introduction of private
broadcasting stations contains
many aspects.
25
A: ,
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B: , ,
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A:

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26
to raise
to suffer
result
to allow
to be allowed
future
to be familiar with sth.
to come up
guideline
to dominate
interest
group

()
A: And the questions often raised

are:
a) will the quality standards of
television and radio suffer as a
result?
b) how much advertising
should be allowed and at what
times?
c) what will the future of public
television be?
B: I see youre very familiar with
the problems. Another question
that often comes up: what
guidelines should be proposed
for the new stations? And will
television and radio be dominated by private interest
groups?
27
A: ,
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a)

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B: ,
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28
inevitable
advance
national
level
European
international
scale
possibility
satellite
from my point of view
whether
A: I think that private broadcasting

companies are inevitable. Just
think of the advances in technology. They can no longer be
seen on a national level, but
rather on a European and international scale. And then there
are the possibilities of satellite
broadcasting. From my point of
view its not so much a question
of whether or not, but of how.
29
A: ,
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30
mind
in the back of my mind
system
to attract
large
sponsor
commercial
to want
popular
meaningless
entertainment
series
B: In the back of our minds we

think of the American system.
That doesnt particularly appeal
to us. They always try to attract
a large audience. Thats exactly
what the sponsors of advertising and commercials want.
A: And the result is, of course,
that you have a lot of very
popular but meaningless entertainment. Think of the weekly
series. We buy a lot of them
and they are very popular in
Europe, too.
31
B: . .
.

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A: ,
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32
to be afraid of sth.
soap opera
production
to be based on sth.
excellent
literature
expert
to come back to
B: Yes, thats exactly the kind of

entertainment were afraid of.
A: Well, American television contains a lot of soap operas, but
they also come along with productions based on excellent literature.
B: You people at the BBC are
experts on that.
A: Oh, thank you.
B: But lets come back to your
experience here in Britain.
33
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A: ,
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B: , ,
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A: , .
B:
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34
independent
independence
competition
state
control
to control
scandal
to capitalize on ...
to continue
B: Did you find independent television to be a serious competition?
A: Well, yes, we did ... in two aspects. Although the BBC is
known for its independence of
state control, we had some
scandals. Independent television capitalized on that. And
second, we found that the quality of the productions of independent television have become serious competition.
B: Those are two important aspects.

A: I think we should continue our
discussion over a cup of tea.
What do you think?
B: Fine. Thank you very much.
...
B:
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B: .
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35
Adjective or Adverb
( )
I.

-ly:
:
serious
real
close
usual
happy
easy
seriously
really
closely
usually
happily
easily
good
fast
hard
well
fast
hard
II. :

. :
)
I usually get up at 6 oclock.
- 6 .
)
He is seriously ill.
She is really happy.
- .
- .
)
He can play the violin very well. -
.
You play tennis quite well.
- .
36
- . .
Thats a good answer.
Thats an important question.
I like your new dress.
- .
- .
- .
Fill in the Adjective or Adverb.

( .)
:
I ........................... get up at 7 oclock.

I usually get up at 7 oclock.
1. He ...................... tried to be on time.
(usual)
(real)
2. I remember very ...................... what you told me

last week.
(good)
3. Tom is a ..................... salesmanager.
(good)
4. Mary is very ......................, because she got

a new car.
(happy)
5. Mike is a ........................... tennis player.
(good)
6. He plays tennis ....................
(good)
7. Jack is a ............................ driver.
(fast)
8. The thief ........................ ran away.
(quick)
9. John is a ........................... runner.
(quick)
10. Thats an ....................... question.
(easy)
37
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38
Unit 3
daily
life
lives
to live
dull
technical talk
strange
abbreviation
scientist
science
to explain
field
entertaining
(..)
A: I say, that article that youre

reading must be very interesting.
B: Oh, I didnt hear you come in.
A: What are you reading?
B: Its an article on computers.
A: Hmm ... sounds very dull. All
that technical talk, and those
strange abbreviations. Its nothing for me.
B: Yes, I thought so, too. The man
who wrote this article is a scientist. But he explains the
whole field of computing in a
very entertaining way.
39
A: , , ,
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B: , .
A: ?
B: .
A: ... . . .
B: , . , , .

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40
to entertain
entertainment
a part of sth.
to dare sth.
I dare say
pocket calculator
they were sold
,
,

,
A: How can something so boring

be entertaining?
B: The author tries to point out
how the computer can be part
of our daily lives.
A: Not of my life, I dare say.
B: Well, remember when the first
pocket calculators were sold.
A: Yes?
41
A:
?
B:

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A: , .
B: ,
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A: ?
42
everybody
against
to argue against sth.
infernal machine
Thats quite a different matter.
to carry
like
on the other hand
component
,

.
B: Everybody was arguing against

these infernal machines.
But now, just a few years later,
nobody talks about them any
more. Today nearly everyone
uses them without thinking
about it.
A: Yes, but thats different. I can
carry the calculator around like
my wallet and its easy to use.
A computer on the other hand
has all those components.
43
B:
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keyboard
monitor
disc unit
confusing
once
to discover
to press
button
you had to write
instruction
to programme
B: Yes, youre right. The machine

itself, the keyboard, the monitor
and the disc unit. It can be
rather confusing.
A: Its not only that. Ive got a
friend who works with computers. He always talks in strange
technical abbreviations. He invited me to watch him at work,
once. There I discovered that
you couldnt just press some
buttons to add two and two ...
you had to write a list of instructions to programme the machine.
45
B: , . ,
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A: . , .
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...
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46
to prove
proof
otherwise
to prove otherwise
repetitive
monotonous
task
efficient
to handle
payroll
to keep sth. updated
stocks
B: I think that this article will prove

otherwise. And I hope you dont
have to use a computer to add
two and two. Computers are
very good at remembering
things and doing repetitive and
monotonous tasks quickly and
efficiently.
A: Maybe, but I dont have to handle a large monthly payroll like
a company or keep my stocks
updated. So what good is a
computer to me?
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A: ,

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47
for instance
the last
typewriter
to correct
word
to rewrite
mistake
B: Well, for instance, remember

the last letter you wrote, or the
last report.
A: Sure, but I can use a typewriter
for that.
B: Certainly, but you cant correct
the words that are on a paper.
A: Well, I could always rewrite the
letter, couldnt I?
B: Yes, you could. But with a computer you could see the whole
letter before its printed. You
could correct any mistakes.
B: ,
,
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A: , .
B: ,
,
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A: ,
,
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B: , .

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48
to be completely confused by
writer
to claim
pretty soon
normal
language
to understand
to change ones mind
I change my mind.
A: Thats exactly what my friend

said. But when he showed me
how it works, I was completely
confused by all those abbreviations and instructions.
B: Well, the writer in this article,
here, claims that computers will
become easier and easier to
handle. Pretty soon the machine will be able to understand
normal language.
A: Well, when that happens, Ill
change my mind.
A:
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A: , ,
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49
bank account
income tax return
to file the income tax returns
B: But the computer can also help

you in many other ways: it can
keep your bank accounts up to
date, or it can file your income
tax returns.
A: That of course is a different
matter. May I have that article
when youre finished with it?
B: Certainly, here you are.
A: Thanks!
B:

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A: . ,
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B: , .
A: !
50
Relative Pronouns
( )
who .
The reporter who wrote this article is a scientist.
, , .
Ive got a friend who lives in America
, .
The lady who asked me for the way was in London for the first
time.
, , .
which ,
.
Please show me the letter which arrived yesterday.
, , .
I took a photo of the monkeys which we saw at the zoo.
, .
51
that ,
.
This is the boy that is good at playing football.
, .
Is this the dress that you bought in the morning?
, ?
:
that
.
52
Fill in the missing relative pronoun. ( .)

1. The article ................................... Im reading is very interesting.
2. I dont know the man ............................... asked me for the way.
3. I bought the dress ....................... I saw in the department store.
4. He looked for his wallet ...................... usually was in his pocket.
5. The car ................... was parked in front of the hotel was stolen.
6. She has got a friend ........................................... lives in England.
7. The film .......................... was shown last night was quite boring.
8. The policeman ............... wrote down the report on the accident
was very friendly.
9. The girl ..................... is keen on reading buys a new book every
week.
10. The book ............................... lies on the table is very interesting.
53
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54
Unit 4
to apply for a job

application
nervous
to be anxious about
financial situation
(want) ad
start
that sounds like a good start

( )
A: Hello, Peter, how are you?

P: Oh, Im fine ... I think.
A: Whats the matter?
P: Actually, Im pretty nervous.
A: You look rather anxious about
something. Whats wrong?
P: Last week I told you that I was
looking for a job ... to improve
my financial situation. So I
bought a newspaper and
looked through the want ads.
A: That sounds like a good start.
55
A: , , ?
P: , ... .
A: ?
P: .
A:
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P: ,
... . ,
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A: .
56
just think
position
they were in my line
business correspondent
foreign
on a part time basis
you cant succeed if you dont try
spirit
thats the spirit
.
-

,
,
-
P: Yes, and just think, I found

several positions that were in
my line. They were looking for
business correspondents with
foreign experience in Germany,
on a part time basis.
A: Lucky you, in these days!
P: First I thought, I wouldnt have
a chance. But then I changed
my mind. You cant succeed,
if you dont try.
A: Thats the spirit.
57
P: , ,

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A: , !
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A: .
58
to collect
reference
to send off
after a couple of days
I forgot all about it
to receive
Have you got the letter with you?
news
thats good news
personnel manager
P: So I collected my references
and sent off my application. After a couple of days I forgot all
about it. Then yesterday I received a letter.
A: Have you got the letter with you?
P: Yes, here it is.
A: Oh, thats good news. Youve
got an interview with the personnel manager tomorrow.
P: Thats exactly my problem.
I dont know what to wear, what
to do or what to say. Perhaps
I just shouldnt go and tell them
Im ill.
59
:
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A: ?
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A: .
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60
hold on!
thats not like you
besides
probably
to blow it
Ill probably blow it
step
step by step
rehearsal
everything is going to be all right
!/ !

A: Hold on! Thats not like you.

Remember, you cant succeed,
if you dont try. Besides your
chances are quite good.
P: But Im so nervous. Ill probably
blow it.
A: Ive got an idea! Why dont we
go through the whole interview
step by step? Youll find with a
bit of rehearsal everything is
going to be all right. Have you
got a copy of that application
with you? Maybe, we can get
some idea of what the personnel manager is going to ask.
A: ! .
,
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: .
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A: ! ? ,

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,
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effort
Do you think, its worth the effort?
curriculum vitae (CV)
, ?
61
report card
passport
surprising
surprise
to surprise
you were called
thanks a lot
P: Do you really think its worth

the effort?
A: Of course I do. Now, show me
the application. Youve got your
letter of application, your curriculum vitae, your reference letters and your report cards. Oh,
thats a nice little picture of you!
P: I needed some photos for my
passport.
A: Everything looks good. Its not
surprising that you were called
for an interview.
P: Thanks a lot!
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62
knowledge
practice
I dont see any problem at all.
to go along
.
(.)
63
A: I think your job experience and

your knowledge of business
practices are exactly what that
personnel manager is looking
for.
P: Well, I did this kind of work in
summer recess, at home, so
I think Ive got some experience.
A: Thats great. I dont see any
problems at all.
P: Do you really think so?
A: No, of course, I don't. No problems at all.
P: All right then, Ill go along
tomorrow.
A: Good luck!
P: Thanks.
A: ,

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: ,
,
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A: .
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A: , .
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A: !
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64
The Progressive Form in the Past Tense

( )
, ,
. to be
(was, were) -ing .
I was looking for a job.
.
He was reading a newspaper.
.
They were looking for a business correspondent.
-.
. ,

- .
When he came in, I was reading the newspaper.
, .
We were talking, when the telephone rang.
, .
I was working in the garden, when the children returned
from school.
, .
65
Fill in the Progressive Form of the Past Tense. (

. . .)
The children ......................... TV.
(watch)
The children were watching TV.
1. He ....................... to phone me.

2. You ...................... a letter.
3. They ........................ about computers.
4. The journalist ....................... on domestic affairs.
5. I .................... for my handbag.
(try)
(write)
(talk)
(report)
(look)
6. I ................ to classical music, when my husband

came in.
7. She ....................... when her friend arrived.
(listen)
(phone)
66
8. We .................... tennis, when we heard about the

accident.
9. I ...................... in the garden, when it began to rain.
(play)
(work)
10. She ............... for her husband, when her mother

phoned her.
(wait)
67
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68
Unit 5
Crime and Violence
crime
violence
welcome
Home Office
to release
annual
to analyse
figure
Chief constable
Crime and Violence
R: Good evening, ladies and gentlemen. Welcome to our programme In the News. As you
may have heard the Home Office has just released its
annual report on crime. Tonight
we are at a police station.
Were going to analyse these
figures with the Chief constable
of London. Good evening,
Chief constable.
C: Good evening.
69
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,

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, - .
: .
70
to go into detail
unfortunately
statistics
to assume alarming proportions
promising
certain
to increase
increase
to decrease
decrease
in general
Crime and Violence
R: Chief constable, before we go

into detail, what do you think
of this report?
C: Unfortunately, the statistics
show that crime has assumed
alarming proportions, but the
report also points out some
promising aspects.
R: What exactly do you mean?
C: The point is that although the
number of certain types of
crime is increasing, violence
in general is decreasing.
71
: - , ,
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:
,

,
.
: ?
: , ,
.
72
Could you be more specific?

for instance
number
house burglary
car theft
bank robbery
encouraging
to encourage
thats true
use
to use
force
violation
property
bodily harm
decline
assault
murder
-?
,
,
Crime and Violence
R: Could you be more specific?

C: Yes, for instance, these figures
show an increase in the
number of house burglaries,
car thefts and bank robberies.
R: But surely, thats not very encouraging.
C: No, it isnt, thats true, but
these are crimes which do not
involve the use of force or violence. They are violations
against private property.
R: Oh, I see. The figures show a
decrease in crimes involving
bodily harm.
C: Yes, exactly. If you have a
close look at the figures, youll
find a decline in burglary with
assault and murder.
73
: -?
: ,
, .
: , ,
.
: , ,
, .
.
: , . ,
.
: , . - ,

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74
lately
demonstration
strike
labour unrest
to be provided with sth.
firearms
selfprotection
conclusion
to be equipped
weapon
R: Thats good news. But lately

weve seen a lot of violent demonstrations, strikes and labour
unrest. This has led to heated
discussions. The question that
often comes up is: Should the
police force be provided with
firearms for selfprotection?
C: Yes, weve discussed this problem and came to the conclusion that we do not want to be
equipped with weapons.
: .
,
.
. ,
, :

?
: ,

,
.
75
Crime and Violence
to come to
effective
to fight crime
to prevent
policy
neighbourhood
community
R: How did you come to this decision?

C: We think that the most effective
way to fight crime is to prevent
crime. We want to continue our
policy of the neighbourhood
policeman who knows his community well. If there is anything
wrong, hell be the first to notice.
: ?
: , -

.

, .
,
.
76
reasoning
out of date
concept
sensible
to mix with
,
,
()

Crime and Violence
R: Well, as I see it, the scale of

crime makes this reasoning
seem a bit out of date.
C: Not really, when we look at
other European countries this
concept has proved to be very
sensible.
R: And firearms just dont mix with
this reasoning?
C: Exactly.
77
P: E, ,
.
: .
.
:

.
: .
78
finally
complaint
to complain
pickpocket
visitor
situation
to station
policeman
site
our time is up
,
( )
Crime and Violence
R: Finally lets talk about another

point. London gets a lot of tourists, and Im sure some are
watching this programme right
now. A complaint one often
hears is that of pickpockets.
C: Well, London is a big city. And
like any other large tourist centre it attracts a lot of visitors
and unfortunately pickpockets
as well. We try to control the
situation by stationing a lot of
policemen at the tourist sites.
R: Im afraid our time is up. Thank

you very much, Chief constable, for taking the time for this
interview.
79
:
.

,
. -
.
: , .
.
.
: ,
. ,
- ,
!
80
Conditional Sentences
( )
:
1. , .
2. , .
:
I.
.
, .
, - .
If you stop smoking, you will feel better.
, -.
If he is late, she will be angry.
, .
You will arrive on time if you hurry up.
, .
. .
If you go on foot
,
. . (will)
you will be late.
.
81
If you go by bus
,
you will be in time.

.
II.
, (
) , if.

if . .

would/could
If I missed the bus,

,
I would take a taxi.

.
If I won a million pounds,
I would make a trip around the

world.
.
1 ,
82
Fill in the correct tense of the verb. ( .)

1. If you stop smoking, you .......................... much better.
2. If you leave now, you ............................ on time.
(feel)
(arrive)
3. She will buy a new dress, if she ................... some money. (get)
4. We ................................, if we follow our policy of the
neighbourhood policeman.
5. If you invite me, I ...........................
6. If it rains, we .......................... at home.
(succeed)
(come)
(stay)
7. You will get a lot of money, if you .................... your house. (sell)
8. I will be disappointed, if you ........................
9. If there is anything wrong, I ......................... it.
10. You will succeed, if you ..............................
(not come)
(notice)
(try)
83
, ,
. , .
84
Unit 6
Pollution is Everybodys
Business
pollution
everybody
business
to miss
enlightening

,
,
,
Pollution is Everybodys Business
A: Hello, how are you today?

B: Oh, Im fine thanks. And you?
A: Im fine too, thank you. Did you
see the programme on television last night?
B: You mean that report on pollution?
A: Yes.
B: No, Im afraid I missed it. Was
it good?
A: It was very enlightening.
B: You know, I realize that pollution is a very serious problem,
but its in the mass media every
day. I just cant stand hearing
about it any more.
A: Yes, I agree with you.
85
: , ?
: , , . ?
: , .
?
:
?
: .
: , ,
. ?
: .
: , ,

,
.

.
: .
86
sheer
scope
it makes me feel helpless
feeling
to feel
different from
to associate
association
thick
cloud
cloudy
dirty
waste
industrial waste
acid rain
to foul up
,
,

,
,
B: Besides the sheer scope of the

problem makes me feel rather
helpless.
A: I know that feeling quite well.
But thats exactly what made
this programme so different
from other pollution reports.
B: Oh?
A: Normally, we associate the
word pollution with thick clouds
of dirty air or industrial waste.
And with acid rain ... how its
fouling up our forests and
lakes.
87
: .
: .

.
: , ?
:

. ...
.
88
effect
to begin
each one of us
to solve a problem
old
habit
environment
suggestion
to suggest
B: Exactly, the effects of pollution

are so great that we really dont
know where to begin.
A: Yes, but this report also tried to

show how each one of us can
help to solve some of these
problems. And it suggested
several ways of changing our
old habits to help the environment.
B: Im always open for suggestions.
89
: ,
,

.
: ,

. ,
.
: .
90
scarce
demand
to demand
to propose
proposal
to take a shower
necessary
drinking water
to wash
A: For instance, although we

know that water is becoming
more scarce, our demand for
water is becoming greater and
greater.
B: I hope, youre not proposing
that we stop taking our daily
shower.
A: No, of course Im not. But is it
really necessary to use drinking water to wash our cars?
B: Yes, I see what you mean.
91
: , ,
-,
-
-.
: ,
.
: , , .
,
?
: ,
.
92
consideration
to consider
to recycle
to throw away
valuable
raw
raw material
backyard
A: Another important consideration is that we try to recycle

many of the materials we normally throw away. Old bottles
are valuable raw materials.
They can be used again.
B: Yes, Im beginning to understand what you mean. We
should think of ways in which
each one of us can help to
stop pollution in his own
backyard.
93
: ,

,
.
.
.
: ,
.
,

.
94
to make efforts
dramatic
project
to clean up
not long ago
seal
to sight
A: Exactly! And the programme

showed some examples where
serious efforts were made to
correct the mistakes of the
past. The most dramatic example was the success of the
project to clean up the River
Thames.
B: Yes, now I remember. Not long
ago the first seal was sighted
in the River Thames again. Did
you hear that?
A: No, I didnt. But Im glad to
hear it now.
95
: ! ,
, . -
.
: , .
. ?
: , .
.
96
The Passive Voice of the Past Tense

( )

was/were . -ed, - .

I was asked
you were asked
he, she, it was asked
we were asked
you were asked
they were asked

, , , -, -

:
The car was sold.
.
Efforts were made by all of them.
.
97
She was asked by the policeman whether she had seen the
accident.
.
The thief was noticed by a lady.
.
98
Fill in the Passive Voice of the Past Tense. (

.)
:
The newspaper ............ by me.

The newspaper was red by me.
(read)
1. The burglar ........................... by the policeman.
(watch)
2. They ........................... by me.
(invite)
3. The old car ....................., a new car ......................
(sell; buy)
4. My son ........................ by me.
(call)
5. The film ........................... by many people.
(see)
6. My wallet ........................... by an old lady.
(find)
7. A lot of problems ........................... by us.
(discuss)
8. The question ........................... by him.
(answer)
9. The plan ........................... by me.
(suggest)
10. A lot of mistakes ............................
(make)
99
, ,
. , .
100
Unit 7
(Part 1)
( 1)
impression
to be impressed
place
diary
to come along
across
to get enough of sth.
J: Hello, Pam. I see youve got a

map of England.
P: Yes, during my last holiday
I travelled across England with
some friends. And now Im just
going back over some of the
places we saw. For my diary.
J: For your diary?
P: Yes, Im getting some of the
place names right.
J: I wish I could have had the
chance to come along.
P: But youve seen quite a bit of
England too, havent you?
J: Well, yes I have. Travelling
across this country is something I just cant get enough of.
101
: , . ,
.
: ,

. ,
. .
: ?
: ,
.
:
.
:
, ?
: , .
, .
102
beginning
to make a round trip
delightful
that sounds delightful
thats quite a trip
J: Now tell me, where did you go?

P: Well, I started my diary in Cornwall, at the beginning of the
holiday. We made a roundtrip
and stayed pretty much near
the coast. From Cornwall on to
Devon, then on to Hampshire,
East Anglia and finally to Northumberland and Cumbria.
J: Oh, that sounds delightful.
Thats quite a trip.
P: Yes, it was.
: , ?
: ,
, .
,
,

.
: , .
.
: .
103
exhausting
to be amazed at ...
diversity
county
start
to do justice to ...
to keep a diary
P: We saw a lot, but sometimes it

was quite exhausting. I was
amazed at the diversity of each
of these counties.
J: Then tell me, Pam, what were
your impressions?
P: Well, at the start of our trip, in
Cornwall, we realized that a
short tour wouldnt do justice to
these counties. We would only
get a slight impression of each
county.
J: And thats why you kept a diary?
P: Yes, at least that way I would
be able to go over the places
later on.
...
...

: , . .
: , ,
?
: , , , ,

.
.
: ?
: ,
.
104
its just meant for me

picturesque
coastline
a rugged coastline
cliff
magnificent
view
wave
hour
J: May I see it?

P: The diary?
J: Yes!
P: Oh, its just meant for me.
Theyre my impressions, thats
all.
J: Oh, go on, show me anyway.
P: Well, here you are.
J: Thanks ... Cornwall and
Devon, both very picturesque
... rugged coastline ... magnificent views of the sea from high
cliffs. Yes, Pam, thats exactly
how I remember it. The waves
crashing against the cliffs.
P: Yes, I could look at them for
hours.
105
: ?
: ?
: !
: ,
. , .
: , , ,
.
: , !
: ...
, ... ...
. , ,
. .
: , .
106
fog
windy
countryside
city
to preserve
commission
mild
hiker
path
through
marsh
meadow
field
,

,
J: We had quite a bit of fog on

our trip.
P: We didnt. We went in the summer. It was just a bit windy. But
go on - read the next part.
J: The countryside hasnt
changed nearly as much as the
cities.
P: Well, we have commissions
helping to preserve the countryside.
J: Was it warm, the weather
I mean?
P: Yes, especially in Cornwall and
Devon.
J: And their winters are always
mild too, I believe.
P: Yes, they are. But read on,
Jane.
J: Im impressed by the 500 mile
long hikers path ... it leads
through marsh and meadow,
forest and field. And then we
come to Dartmoor National
Park.
107
:
.
: - .
. . ,
! -!
: .
: , ,

.
: ? .
: ,
.
: ,
.
: , . , !
:
, 500 ...
, .

.
108
funny
empty
forbidding
prison
to awaken
detective story
mystery story
to feel uneasy
before
darkness
before darkness comes
P: Yes. Funny! People think its

just an empty forbidding place
with a prison in the middle.
J: It certainly awakens memories
of old detective and mystery
stories. I always get the feeling
that Dartmoor is a place to
hurry through before darkness
comes.
P: You mean you feel uneasy?
J: Exactly! Oh, dear! Its getting
late. I must be off. Will you be
here tomorrow?
P: Of course, Jane. Why?
J: Why? Because Id like to see
some of your photos.
P: Okay then. Ill bring them tomorrow. Bye.
J: Yes, bye-bye, Pam.
109
: . ! ,

.
:
.
,
, , .
: , ?
: ! , !
. .
?
: , ... ?
: ?
.
: .
. .
: , , .
110
The Participle instead of the Relative Clause

( )
-ing.
, .
The man talking to me was my brother.
(The man who was talking to me was my brother.)
, , .
(, , .)
I dont know the dog following me.
(I dont know the dog that is following me.)
.
( , .)
I was impressed by the waves crashing against the cliffs.
(I was impressed by the waves that were crashing against the
cliffs.)
, .
( , .)
111
I.
Use the Participle instead of the Relative Clause. (

.)
: The man who reports on computers is a scientist.
The man reporting on computers is a scientist.
1. John who applied for the job has good chances.
....................................................................................
2. I dont know the reporter who is speaking on the radio.
....................................................................................
3. The lady who asked me for the way was in London for the first
time.
....................................................................................
4. There is another question that is coming up.
....................................................................................
5. Ive got a friend who works with computers.
....................................................................................
6. He wanted to have a cup of coffee with the lady who looked at
him in a friendly way.
....................................................................................
7. She had watched the man who was climbing through the window
of her neighbours house.
....................................................................................
112
8. I saw the thief who ran away quickly.

....................................................................................
9. We listened to the birds that were singing in the garden.
....................................................................................
10. The man who was standing in front of the hotel was waiting for
his wife.
....................................................................................
II.
Remember the dialogue and fill in the missing words. (

.)
1. During her last holiday Pam travelled across ..............................
2. Pam kept a ..................................
3. She started her diary in ................... at the beginning of the holiday.
4. They took a round trip and stayed pretty much near the ..............
5. They saw ..............., but sometimes it was quite .......................
6. They realized that a short tour wouldnt ........................ to these
counties.
7. Jane wanted to .......................... Pams diary.
8. Jane was impressed by the 500 mile-long .............................
9. They also went to Dartmoor National Park. People think its just
an empty ...................... place with a ...................... in the
middle.
10. Dartmoor is a place to hurry through, before ...........................
113
, ,
. , .
8
114
Unit 8
(Part 2)
( 2)
description
to describe
to bring
I saw a film on it
J: Hello, Pam. I was really excited

after our last conversation.
P: What do you mean, Jane?
J: The description of your trip
along the English coast awakened some old memories. Did
you bring those pictures?
P: Here they are.
J: Ah, thats a photo of Lowestoft.
P: Yes, have you been there?
J: No, but I saw a film on it.
115
: , .
.
: , ?
:

.
?
: .
: , .
: , ?
: ,
.
116
large
port
fishing port
harbour
each
net
big
fishing
rugged
North Sea
dangerous
fisherman
at sea
for several days

()
P: As you can see its a large

fishing port. A harbour for
trawlers and smaller boats.
Each equipped with big nets
for fishing in the rugged North
Sea.
J: Yes, this film showed how
dangerous life on these fishing
boats can be for the men, at
sea for several days.
117
: ,
a -
.

.
: ,

,

.
118
concert hall
annual
musical festival
excellent
exterior
modest
to look modest
typical of
thin
populated
thinly populated
region
city
yet
P: Now this next picture shows

the concert hall of Aldeburgh.
Youve heard of the annual musical festival there, havent you?
J: Yes, excellent music, too. The
exterior looks so modest. But
then thats typical of East Anglia. Its the most thinly populated region of England ... no
large cities.
P: And yet it has so much to offer.
J: Thats right!
119
: .

, ?
: , . . .
-
... .
:
.
: !
120
horse racing
breeding
let me guess
part of sth.
Hadrians Wall
remains
ancient
Roman
bastion
to extend from ... to ...
mile
,
... ...
(1609 )
P: Then we went to Newmarket.

J: Ah, yes, Newmarket, the horse
racing and breeding centre ...
Now, this next picture ... let me
guess, isnt that part of Hadrians Wall? I know it quite well.
P: Youre right. Then from East

Anglia we drove to Northumberland. And there we could
see the remains of the
ancient Roman bastion. It was
once 70 miles long; it extended
from Newcastle upon Tyne to
Carlisle.
121
:
.
: , , -

... ... . ?
.
: .
.

.
70
.
.
122
to be restored
ruin
castle
evidence
violent
the past
to stumble across sth.
tale
spook
to be proud of sth.
ghost
,
,

,
,

,
J: Many parts of Hadrians Wall

have been restored.
P: Yes, the North Country is full of
ancient ruins and old castles.
Evidence of an often violent
past.
J: And you cant go anywhere
without stumbling across some
old tales or stories about
spooks. I think, each castle is
proud to have its own resident
ghost.
123
:
.
: ,
.

.
:
. ,

.
124
meagre
to form
character
to warn
we were warned
to be suspicious of someone
to get to know someone
P: But, you know, the past, the

meagre land, and of course the
cold winters... they all helped to
form the character of the people here.
J: How do you mean?
P: Well, although we were warned
that the people of the North
Country were often suspicious
of all strangers, it still surprised
us.
J: Yes, at first they seem unfriendly. But when you get to
know them better, this first impression quickly changes.
125
: , , ...

.
: ?
: , ,
,
.
: ,
.
-,

.
126
contempt
Englishman
from the South
distrust
the North
the South
careful
J: And yet in the North they all

share a contempt for the
Englishmen from the South.
P: Isnt it funny. In almost every
country one can find this distrust between the North and the
South.
J: Well, you really saw quite a lot,
I must say.
P: Yes, but I also learned to plan
my tours more carefully next
time. On my next holiday Ill
visit just one part of the country.
J: That sounds like good advice.
P: Well, I must be off. Goodbye,
Jane.
J: Bye-bye Pam!
127
:
.
: .
.
: , , .
: , .

.
: .
: , . , .
: , !
128
Remember the dialogue and fill in the missing words. (

.)
1. Pam and Jane talked about some ........................... of England.
2. Pams description of the trip awakened some old .......................
in Jane.
3. Lowestoft is a large .............................
4. Each trawler is equipped with big ........................... for fishing in
the rugged North Sea.
5. Life on these fishing boats is very ..............................
6. There is an annual ..................... in the concert hall of Aldeburgh.
7. East Anglia is the most ........................... region of England.
8. There are no large ..............................
9. Newmark is the ......................... and ......................... centre.
10. Many parts of Hadrians Wall have been ...........................
11. The North Country is full of ancient ...............................
12. Everywhere you hear tales and stories about ..............................
13. In the North they all share a ........................... for the Englishmen
from the South.
129
, ,
. , .
9
130
Unit 9
thought
to think
aging
all day
grandmother
once a week
to give up
flat
household
parents
old peoples home
P: Hello, Jane. I havent seen you

all day. Where have you been?
J: Oh hello, Peter. Ive been visiting my grandmother. I try to
see her at least once a week.
P: Thats very nice of you. Does
she live alone?
J: No, Im afraid she had to give
up her flat two years ago. She
couldnt manage her household any more. And my parents
live too far away to help her
much. So, she moved into an
old peoples home.
131
: , .
. ?
: , , .
.

.
:
. ?
: ,

. .

, .

.
132
area
to stay with smb.
surroundings
to get used to sth.
,

,

P: Surely, she could have lived

with your parents?
J: Yes, but she didnt want to. You
see, they live in Newcastle
now, and she didnt want to
leave her old area near Carlisle. You know what I mean she wanted to stay in her familiar surroundings.
P: Yes, that can be a problem for
old people. Even for young
people its difficult to get used
to a new town.
133
:
?
: , . ,
,

.

-
.
: , .

.
134
National Health Service

to take care of sth.
medical costs
retirement fund
to get along with
since
P: How was she feeling today?

J: She said, she was feeling well
and that she was happy to see
me again. I went shopping with
her. I always do that when I
visit her. She loves it.
P: But tell me, Jane, arent old
peoples homes very expensive?
J: Yes, they are. I asked my
grandmother about it and she
told me that the National Health
Service took care of the medical costs. And with the retirement funds she gets along
quite well.
P: Yes, the National Health Service, theyre good like that. And
they should be after all this
time ... theyve been going
since 1948.
J: Yes, thats a point.
135
: ?
: ,
.
. , .
.
: , ,
?
: , .
,
. .
: ,

.
...
1948.
: , .
136
to provide sth. for smb.

foreigner
to cost
contribution
to keep pace
partly
unemployment
P: But is it true that they also provide medical services for foreigners staying in Britain?
J: Yes, they do. But all the services are costing more every
year. Contributions to the National Health are not keeping
pace ... partly because of high
unemployment.
137
: ,
,
?
: .
- .
...
.
138
active
activity
as much as she can
to organize
organization
the elderly
club
circle
, ,
P: But tell me, how does your

grandmother get along in the
old peoples home?
J: Well, of course, it isnt easy
when you get as old as my
grandmother. But she still tries
to keep active and she sees
her friends as much as she can.
P: Thats very important.
J: Yes, she told me that shes
busy all the time, organizing
activities for the elderly. She is
a member of many clubs and
circles; they play bingo, they
knit, they do lots of things.
139
:
?
: , ,
.

-.
: .
: , ,
. .
;
, ,
.
140
good heavens!
to stand up for ones rights
The Grey Panthers
useless
helpless
senior
citizen
role
society
benefit
P: The main thing is to stay as active as one can.

J: Good heavens, yes. My grandmother also stands up for her
rights. She even joined the
Grey Panthers.
P: The Grey Panthers? Who, or
what are the Grey Panthers?
J: Theyre an organization that
wants to show that the elderly
are not useless or helpless.
Their message is that our senior citizens can play an active
role in society and can help
with the benefit of their experience.
141
: -.
: , .
.

.
: ?

?
: , ,
. ,

.
142
my goodness!
to seem
determined
I should say so.
to approve of sth.
Western Europe
proportion
in comparison with sth.
general
population
anyway
.

,

P: My goodness, your grandmother seems to be a determined old lady.

J: I should say so. But I really approve of what she is doing. The
work of the Grey Panthers is
important, because in the societies of Western Europe the
proportion of senior citizens in
comparison with the general
population is increasing.
P: Thats an interesting point. Ive
never thought of that. Anyway,
Jane say hello to your grandmother for me next time you
visit her.
J: Yes, Peter, I will.
143
: ,
.
: .
, . ,
.
: .
. , , , .
: , , .
144
Reported Speech
( )
(say, tell, ask, etc.)
,
:
)
)
)
)
)
:
a)
He said: I go to work every day.

: .
He said he went to work every day.
, .
: , said , go went.
She told me: I feel well.
: .
She told me she felt well.
, .
)
They said: We have been to England.

: .
They said that they had been to England.
, .
He said: I have seen the plane.

: .
He said he had seen the plane.
, .
)
I said: I met him.

: .
I said I had met him.
, .
She told me: I lost my money.
: .
She told me she had lost her money.
, .
He said: I had an accident.

: .
He said he had had an accident.
, .
You said: I had spent a lot of money.
: .
You said you had spent a lot of money.
, .
She told me: I will come.

: .
She told me she would come.
, .
He said: I will wait for you.
: .
He said he would wait for me.
, .
10
145
146
Change the Direct Speech into Reported Speech. (

.)
: She said: I have not heard the news.
She said she had not heard the news.
1. He told us: I am ill.
................................................................................
2. She told us: I met him.
................................................................................
3. I said: I am very nervous.
................................................................................
4. He said: I will leave you alone.
................................................................................
5. Tom said: I want to speak to you.
................................................................................
6. Anne told me: I have finished school.
................................................................................
7. He told us: I missed the bus.
................................................................................
8. She said: Ill come along and see you.
................................................................................
9. He said: I am waiting for you.
................................................................................
10. He said: I get up at 7 oclock.
................................................................................
147
, ,
. , .
148
10
Unit 10
10
Finding a New Home
beer
dont mind if I do
baby
present
to move away
Its not as easy as that.
,

.
Finding a New Home
M: Hello John, will you have a

beer with me?
J: Yes, thank you, Mike, dont
mind if I do.
M: I havent seen you for a long
time.
J: Ive been very busy lately. Remember I told you that with the
baby our present flat is getting
too small for us.
M: Yes, I remember, that was
about four weeks ago.
J: Since then Ive been looking for
a new place to live.
M: Im sorry to hear youre moving
away.
J: Hold on, its not as easy as that.
149
: , ,
?
: , , , .
: .
: .
, ,
.
: , .
.
: .
: , .
: , .
150
10
to suit
enough
it suits our needs
Finding a New Home
J: Its really difficult to find a new

home.
M: What do you mean?
J: Well, there are a lot of details
and aspects to consider. My
wife and I have been looking at
different flats every evening for
weeks. And in all that time we
never saw one single flat that
suited our needs well enough.
M: What kind of place are you

looking for?
151
: .
: ?
: ,
,
.

.
,
.
: ?
152
10
study
to store
to take into account
such as
it should be
nearby
junior
to get older
a little
to go windowshopping
J: We are looking for a two bedroom flat with a livingroom, a

dining room and a study.
I need a place where we can
store our books and I can get
my paper work done.
M: But, John, surely, it cant be
that hard to find.
:
, . ,
.
: , , .
Finding a New Home
J: Well, no. We saw many homes

that were large enough, but
then there were other things to
be taken into account.
M: Such as?
J: Well, first I would like it close to
my office, so I neednt use my
car all the time. Then there
should also be a shopping centre nearby for my wife. And
when junior gets a little older
we want to have a good school
in the neighbourhood. And finally, we want to be close to
the city centre, so we can still
go out to the cinema or to a
restaurant, or just go
windowshopping.
153
: , . , , ,

.
: ?
: ,
,

. .
.

,

.
154
10
to ask for quite a lot

within
budget
frankly
to believe
landlord
Finding a New Home
M: Hmm, I see. But thats asking

for quite a lot.
J: Oh, Im not finished yet, Mike.
To top it off, it must be within
our budget.
M: Well, how successful were you
in finding this ideal home?
J: Frankly, we did see some flats
that met all these requirements,
believe it or not. But we havent
taken the landlords into account.
155
: , .
.
: , ,
. .
: , ?
: , , ,
.
.
156
10
demand
to allow
playground
lease
the dos and donts
to let
to keep in order
perfect
Finding a New Home
M: The landlords?
J: Yes, Mike the landlords. Youd
be surprised by all their
demands, before theyll let you
have the flat. Some of them
dont allow children. Others
dont provide a playground for
children.
M: Oh, I know what you mean. You
should take a look at my lease.
The dos and the donts. They
dont let you do anything, but
you have to keep everything in
perfect order.
J: Well, I must be off. My wife and
I have to look at another flat
this evening.
M: Well, good luck.
J: Thanks, Mike.
157
: ?
: , , .
,
, .
.

.
: , .

.
.
,
.
: , .

.
: , .
: , .
158
10
The Auxiliary Verbs

( )
(can, must, may)
. .
, ( may + have + done).

.

can
must
may
:
to be able to
to have to
to be allowed to
can :
Present:
Past:
Future:
Present perfect:
Past perfect:
I can do it
I could do it
I will be able to do it
I have been able to do it
I had been able to
= I am able to do it
= I was able to do it
159
Put the following sentences into the Past Tense, Future Tense, Past Perfect
and Conditional Tense. ( , , .)
1. The child is allowed to go to the Zoo.
..................................................................................
..................................................................................
..................................................................................
..................................................................................
2. She can play the piano.
..................................................................................
..................................................................................
..................................................................................
..................................................................................
3. He must do his homework.
..................................................................................
..................................................................................
..................................................................................
..................................................................................
4. I can reach the theatre in time.
..................................................................................
..................................................................................
..................................................................................
..................................................................................
160
10
, ,
. , .
161
!
10- 1 ,
.
!
.
!
!
?
?
,
2 !
?
!
!

. (052) 603 503; 0888 603 503

: http://www.relaxa.bg
11
162
1
1.
2.
3.
4.
journalism
insights
political science
exchange programmes
5.
6.
7.
8.
gathering
audiences
highlights
advertising
9. appeal
10. The New York Times
The Washington Post
2
1. really
2. well
3. good
4. happy
5. good
6. well
7.
8.
9.
10.
fast
quickly
quick
easy
4. that which
5. that which
6. who that
7.
8.
9.
10.
that which
who that
who that
that which
4. was reporting
5. was looking
6. was listening
7.
8.
9.
10.
was phoning
were playing
was working
was waiting
4. will succeed
5. will come
6. will stay
7.
8.
9.
10.
sell
dont come
will notice
try
4. was called
5. was seen
6. was found
7.
8.
9.
10.
were discussed
was answered
was suggested
were made
3
1. that which
2. who that
3. that which
4
1. was trying
2. were writing
3. were talking
5
1. will feel
2. will arrive
3. gets
6
1. was watched
2. were invited
3. was sold, was bought
7
I.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
John applying for the job has good chances.

I dont know the reporter speaking on the radio.
The lady asking me for the way was in London for the first time.
There is another question coming up.
Ive got a friend working with computers.
163
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
II.
He wanted to have a cup of coffee with the lady looking at him in a friendly way.
She watched the man climbing through the window of her neighbours house.
I saw the thief running away quickly.
We listened to the birds singing in the garden.
The man standing in front of the hotel was waiting for his wife.
1. England
2. diary
3. Cornwall
4. coast
5. a lot ... exhausting
6. do justice
7.
8.
9.
10.
see
hikers path
forbidding ... prison
darkness comes
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
horse racing, breeding

restored
castles
spooks
contempt
8
1.
2.
3.
4.
impressions
memories
fishing port
nets
dangerous
musical festival
thinly populated
cities
9
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
He told us he was ill.

6.
She told us she had met him.
7.
I said I was very nervous.
8.
He said he would leave me alone.
9.
Tom said he wanted to speak to me. 10.
Anne told me she had finished school.

He told us he had missed the bus.
She said she would come along and see me.
He said he was waiting for me.
He said he got up at 7 oclock.
10
1. a)
b)
c)
d)
The
The
The
The
child
child
child
child
was allowed to go to the zoo.

will be allowed to go to the zoo.
had been allowed to go to the zoo.
would be allowed to go to the zoo.
2. a)
b)
c)
d)
She
She
She
She
could play the piano. : She was able to play the piano.
will be able to play the piano.
had been able to play the piano.
would be able to play the piano.
3. a)
b)
c)
d)
He
He
He
He
4. a)
b)
c)
d)
I
I
I
I
had to do his homework.

will have to do his homework
had had to do his homework.
would have to do his homework.
could reach the theatre in time. : I was able to reach the theatre in time.
will be able to reach the theatre in time.
had been able to reach the theatre in time.
would be able to reach the theatre in time.
164
i:
i
e
a:
o
:
u
u:
ju:
E:
E
see
bit
pen
back
far
November
dog
law
book
soon
music
cut
bird
alive
[si:]
[bit]
[pen]
[bk]
[fa:]
[no'vembE]
[dg]
[l:]
[buk]
[su:n]
['mjuzik]
[ct]
[bE:d]
[E'laiv]
ei
ou
ai
au
i
iE
eE
E
day
grow
nice
town
boy
near
pair
coarse
[dei]
[grou]
[nais]
[taun]
[bi]
[niE]
[pYE]
[kEs, k:s]
w
j
wind
yes
[wind]
[jes]
p
b
t
d
k
g
tS
dZ
m
n
N
f
v
3
s
z
S
Z
r
h
pick
[pik]
baby
['beibi]
tub
[tb]
dark
[da:k]
cat
[kt]
go
[gou]
cheap [tSi:p]
hedge [hedZ]
move
[mu:v]
nest
[nest]
long
[lN]
foot
[fut]
vain
[vein]
thin
[3in]
then
[en]
soap
[soup]
zeal
[zi:l]
shake [Seik]
measure ['meZE]
red
[red]
have
[hv]
adj
adv
n
prep
v
pron
conj
ouE
aiE
auE
lower
fire
hour
[louE]
[faiE]
[auE]
165
area ['YEriE] n - ,
a little [E 'lItl] -
152
a part of sth. -
40
abbreviation [E6bri8vi'eISEn] n - 38
acid rain -
86
across [E'krs] prep -
100
active ['ktIv] adj - , , 138

activity [k'tIvKti] n -
advance [Ed'vns] n -
138
28
as [Ez] adv -
22
as much as she can -

138
ask for quite a lot -
154
aspect ['spekt] n -
24
assault [E's8lt] n -
72
associate [E'sEUSieIt] v- , 86
advertising ['dvErtaIzIN] n - 14
association [E6sEUsi'eISEn] n - , 86
after a couple of days -

58
against [E'geInst] prep -
132
argue against sth. - ,

42
assume alarming proportions -

70
42
aging ['eIdZIN] adj - , 130
at sea -
all day -
audience ['8diEns] n -
12
awaken [E'weIkEn] v -
108
attract [E'trkt] v -
130
allow [E'laU] v - , 26, 156
ancient ['eInSEnt] adj -
30
American [E'merKkEn] adj - 14

analyse ['nElaIz] v -
116
baby ['beIbi] n -
68
120
148
background ['bkgraUnd] n - 12
annual ['njuEl] adj - , 68, 118
backyard [6bk'ja8d] n -
anyway ['eniweI] adv -
142
bank robbery -
appeal to [E'pi8l] v -
14
application [6plI'keISEn] n -
54
bank account -
92
49
72
bastion ['bstSEn] n - , 120
apply for a job - 54
be afraid of sth. [E'freId] -

32
approve of sth. [E'pru8v] v -

142
be allowed -
26
be amazed at ... - ...
103
166
be anxious about -
54
be based on sth. - 32
be completely confused by -
48
be concerned with sth. -
22
be equipped -
74
bring [brIN] v -
114
broadcasting ['br8dka:stIN] n - 20
budget ['bdZKt] n - ,
154
business ['bIznKs] n - , 84
be familiar with sth. -

26
business correspondent - - 56
be impressed by sth. -
20
button ['btn] n -
be impressed - , 100
be off for -
122
be provided with sth. -

74
be restored - , 122
be surprised -
12
be suspicious of someone - 124

beer [bIE] n -
capitalize on ... - ...
10
148
carry ['kri] v -
122
certain ['sE:tn] adj -

chance [tSns] n -
20
character ['krKktE] n -
138
citizen ['sItKzEn] n-
begin [bI'gIn] v -
88
city ['sIti] n -
106, 118
claim [kleIm] v -
48
94
believe [bK'li8v] v -
154
clean up -
benefit ['benKfIt] n -
140
cliff [klIf] n-
big [bIg] adj -
60
116
blow it -
bodily harm -
cloud [klaUd] n -
club [klb] n-
72
breeding ['bri8dIN] n -
120
140
104
86
cloudy ['klaUdi] adj -

60
124
Chief constable - 68
circle ['sE8kl] n -
besides [bI'saIdz] adv -
70
change ones mind - 48
108
102
126
42
castle ['ksEl] n -
before [bI'f8] prep -
beginning [bI'gInIN] n -
34
72
careful ['keErfEl] adj -
24
be proud of sth. -
be true - ,
C
car theft -
16
be proposed -
44
86
138
coastline ['kEUstlaIn] n - ,
104
167
collect [kE'lekt] v -
college ['klIdZ] n -
58
come along -
32
continue [kEn'tInju8] v 16, 34
75
come up - ()
26
contribution [6kntrK'bju8SEn] n 136
commercial [kE'mE8SEl] n -
30
commercial [kE'mE8SEl] adj - ,
22
commission [kE'mISEn] n -
community [kE'mju8nKti] n -
106
75
compare [kEm'peE] v -
control [kEn'troUl] n -
correct [kE'rekt] v -
cost [kst] n -
10
county ['kaUnti] n -
competition [6kmpK'tISEn] n - 34
critical ['krItIkEl] adj -
complain [kEm'pleIn] v -
78
complaint [kEm'pleInt] n - ,
78
concert hall -
47
103
comparison [kEm'prKsEn] n - 14
16
curriculum vitae (CV) - 61
D
daily ['deIli] adj -
38
dangerous ['deIndZErEs] adj 116

dare sth. [deE] v -
76
118
conclusion [kEn'klu8ZEn] n 74
confusing [kEn'fju8ZEN] adj 44
conservative [kEn'sE8vEtIv] adj 14
consider [kEn'sIdE] v -
92
consideration [kEn6sIdE'reISEn] n -
34
136
crime [kraIm] n - ;
68
component [kEm'poUnEnt] n , 42
34
control [kEn'troUl] v -
countryside ['kntrisaId] n - ,
106
comparable to sth. ['kE8mpErEbEl] 12
concept ['knsept] n -
24
contempt [kEn'tempt] n - ,
126
100
come back to -
come to -
92
contain [kEn'teIn] v -
40
darkness [da8knis] adj - ,

108
decline [dI'klaIn] v -
72
decrease [dI'kri8s] v -
decrease [dI'kri8s] n -
70
70
delightful [dI'laItful] adj - ,

102
demand [dI'ma:nd] n - ,
156, 90
demand [dI'ma:nd] v -
90
168
effort ['efErt] n -
demonstration [6demEn'streISEn] n 74
empty ['empti] adj -
depend on sth. [dI'pend] v -

14
describe [dI'skraIb] v -
encourage [In'krIdZ] v - 72
114
detective story -
108
enough [I'nf] n -
develop [dI'velEp] v -
22
dirty ['dE8ti]-
entertaining [6entE'teInIN] adj - 38
100
entertainment [6entE'teInmEnt] n - , 30, 40
86
86
environment [In'vaIErEnmEnt] n -
88
disc unit -
44
discover [dIs'kvE] v -
44
distrust [dIs'trst] v -
126
European [6jUErE'pi8En] adj - 28
diversity [daI'vE8rsKti] n - 103

do justice to ... - ...
103
domestic affairs -
12
dominate ['dmKneIt] v -
26
dont mind if I do -
148
dramatic [drE'mtIk] adj - 94
drinking water -
dull [dl] adj -
event [I'vent] n -
14
everybody ['evribdi] pron - , 42, 84

everything is going to be all right - 60
evidence ['evKdEns] n - , 122
excellent ['eksElEnt] adj - , 32, 118
90
38
exchange programme -
6
E
each [i8tS] -
150
entertain [6entE'teIn] v - , 40
development [dI'velEpmEnt] n 22
different from -
Englishman ['INglISmEn] n - 126

enlightening [In'laItnIN] adj - 84
determined [dI'tE8mKnd] adj 142
diary ['daIfri] n -
108
encouraging [In'krKdZIN] adj - 72
114
description [dI'skrIpSEn] n -
61
116
each one of us -
effect [I'fekt] n -
88
experience [Ik'spIEriEns] n -
88
effective [I'fektIv] adj -

efficient [I'fISEnt] adj -
exhausting [Ig'z8stIN] adj - 103
75
46
expert ['ekspE8rt] n -
32
explain [ik'spleIn] v -
38
169
extend from ... to ... -

... ... 120
funny ['fni] adj -
108
exterior [ek'stIEriE] adj -
future ['fju8tSE] n -
26
118
28
facilities [fE'sIlKtiz] n -
feel [fe:l] v -
20
86
gain [geIn] v - , 8
feel uneasy - 108
gather ['gTE] v -
feeling ['fi8lIN] n -
general ['dZenErEl] adj -
86
field [fi8ld] n - ,
38, 106
68
file the income tax returns - 49

finally ['faInEli] adv -
142
get along with -
fight crime - 75
figure ['fIgjE] n -
78
134
get enough of sth. - 100

get older -
152
get to know someone - 124
financial situation - 54
get used to sth. -
firearms ['faIEa8m] n - 74
give up -
fisherman ['fISEmEn] n -
go into detail - 70
116
fishing ['fISIN] n - , 116

fishing port -
flat [flt] n -
fog [fg] n -
116
130
122
130
go along - (.)
62
go windowshopping - 152
good heavens! - !
106
for instance -
ghost [gEUst] n - ,
132
140
grandmother ['grn6mTE] n -
47, 72
130
for several days - () 116
group [gru8p] n - ,
26
forbidding [fEr'bIdIN] adj - , 108
guideline ['gaIdlaInz] n -
26
force [f8s] n - ,
72
foreign ['frKn] adj -

foreigner ['frKnE] n -
form [f8m] v -
56
136
124
foul up - ,
86
frankly ['frNkli] adv - 154

from my point of view -
H
habit ['hbKt] n -
88
Hadrians Wall -
handle ['hndl] n -
harbour ['ha8bE] n -
120
46
116
heated discussions - , 22
170
helpless ['helplis] adj -
140
industrial waste - 86
highlight ['haIlaIt] n - , 14
inevitable [I'nevKtEbEl] adj - 28
hiker [haIkE] n - , 106
influence ['InfluEns] n -
hold on! - !/ !
insight ['InsaIt] n -
60
Home Office - 68
horse racing -
hour [aUE] n -
120
104
house burglary - 72
household ['haUshoUld] n - 130
I
I dare say -
I mean -
infernal machine -
40
12
42
10
instruction [In'strkSEn] n - ,
44
interest ['IntrKst] n -
26
international [6IntEr'nSEnEl] adj - 28

interpretation [In6tE8prK'teISEn] n - 12
introduce [6IntrE'du8s] v -
22
introduction [6IntrE'dkSEn] n - 22
it should be -
152
I should say so. - . 142
join smb. [dZIn] v -

6
impact ['Impkt] n -
journalism ['dZ8nElIzEm] n - 6
impression [Im'preSEn] n - 100
junior ['dZu8niE] adj -
in comparison with sth. -

142
just think -
in general -
70
in the back of my mind - 30
keep a diary -
income tax return - 49
keep pace - ,
increase [In'kri8s] n -
70
increase [In'kri8s] v -
70
independence [6IndK'pendEns] n - 34
independent [6IndK'pendEnt] adj - 34
152
56
103
keep in order -
156
136
keep sth. updated - 46

keep up with sth. - 20
keyboard ['ki8b8d] n -
knowledge ['nlIdZ] n -
62
44
171
meadow ['medEU] n -
labour unrest - 74
meagre ['mi8gE] adj -
landlord ['lndl8d] n - , 154

language ['lNgwIdZ] n -
48
medical costs - 134

mild [maIld] adj -
106
mile [maIl] n - (1549 )
largely ['la8dZli] adv - 14
mind [maInd] n -
lately ['leItli] adv -
mistake [mK'steIk] v-
lecture ['lektSE] n -
let [let] v -
level ['levEl] adj -
156
monitor ['mnKtE] n -
monotonous [mE'ntEnEs] adj - 46
14
move away -
148
murder [mE8dE] n -
72
42
32
musical festival - 118

my goodness! - !
38
lives [laIvz]- (..)
118
44
120
28
literature ['lItErEtSUE] n -
live [lIv] v -
76
modest ['mdKst] adj -
38
like [laIk] prep -
84
47
mix with -
156
liberal ['lIbErEl] adj -

life [laIf] n-
120
30
miss [mIs] v - ,
74
16
let me guess -
124
meaningless ['mi8nINlEs] adj - 30
large [la8dZ] adj - , 30, 116
lease [li8s] n -
106
142
mystery story - 108
38
look around - , 20
look modest -
National Health Service -

134
118
national ['nSEnEl] adj -
magnificent [mg'nIfKsEnt] adj - 104
nearby [6nIE'baI] adv -
make a round trip -
neighbourhood ['neIbEhud] n - 75
make efforts -
102
94
nervous ['n8vEs] adj -

net [net] n -
mass media - 6
normal ['n8mEl] adj -
16
152
necessary ['nesKsEri] adj - 90
marsh [ma8S]- , 106
maybe ['meIbi] adv -
28
54
116
news [nju8z] n -
58
North Sea -
not long ago -
116
94
48
172
number ['nmbE] n -
pocket calculator - 40
72
point of view -
O
old [oUld] adj -
point [pInt] n -
88
old peoples home -
130
on a part time basis - 56

on the other hand -
once a week -
once [wns] adv -
42
130
44
organization [68gEnaIzeISEn] n - 138

organize ['8gEnaIz] v - 138
otherwise ['TEwaIz] adv -
46
our time is up -
78
out of date - ,
76
14
point out sth. - ,

22
policeman [pE'li8smEn] n-
policy ['plKsi] n -
parents ['prEnts] n-
part of sth. -
political [pE'lItIkEl] adj -
pollution [pE'lu8SEn] n -
84
popular ['ppjulE] adj -
populated -
partly ['pa8tli] adv -
14
136
passport ['pa8sp8t] n -
population [6ppju'leISEn] n - 142

port [p8t] n - , 116
pretty ['prIti] adj -
44
16
perfect ['pE8fIkt] adj - , 156
pretty soon -
personnel manager - 58
prison ['prIzEn] n -
78
picturesque [6pIktSE'resk] adj - 104

place [pleIs] n -
28
62
present ['prezEnt] n - , 148
press [pres] v -
46
pickpocket ['pIk6pkKt] n -
56
preserve [prI'zE8v] v- , 106
61
106
payroll ['peIroUl] n -
30
118
practice ['prktKs] n -
120
political science - 8
possibility [6psK'bIlKti] n -
130
particular [pE'tIkjulE] adj -
78
75
position [pE'zISEn] n -
path [pa83] n -
10
100
playground ['pleIgraUnd] n -
156
48
prevent [prI'vent] v -
private ['praIvKt] adj -
75
108
20
probably ['prbEbli] adv -
60
production facilities -
20
production [prE'dkSEn] n - 20, 32
173
result [rI'zlt] n -
26
programme ['proUgrm] v - 44
retirement fund -
project ['prdZekt] n -
rewrite [6ri8'raIt] v-
94
promising ['prmKsIN] adj - 70

proof [pru8f] n -
46
property ['prpEti] n -
72
proportion [prE'p8SEn] n - ,
142
proposal [prE'poUzEl] n -
24, 90
propose [prE'poUz] v -
prove [pru8v] v -
24, 90
46
role [roUl] n -
134
47
140
Roman ['roUmEn] n -
120
rugged coastline -
rugged ['rgKd] adj -
104
116
ruin ['ru8Kn] n - ,
122
S
satellite ['stElaIt] n -
28
scale [skeIl] n - ,
28
prove otherwise - 46
scandal ['skndl] n -
34
provide sth. for smb. - 136
scarce [skYEs] adj - , 90
R
raise [reIz] v-
26
raw material -
raw [r8] adj -
8, 38
38
scope [skoUp] n - ,
92
seal [si8l] n -
92
reasoning ['ri8zEnIN] n - , 76
receive [rI'si8v] v -
58
reference ['refErEns] n -
58
rehearsal [rI'hE8sEl] n -
release [rI'li8s] v -
142
selfprotection -
74
58
senior ['si8niE] adj -
140
sensible ['sensEbEl] adj - () 76

series ['sIEri8z] n -
118
30
sheer [SIE] adj - ,
60
sight [saIt] n -
68
86
94
seem [si8m] v -
send off -
recycle [6ri8'saIkEl] v - , 92
region ['ri8dZEn] n -
science ['saIEns] n -
scientist ['saIEntKst] n -
86
94
similar ['sImIlE] adj -
24
remains [rI'meInz] n - , 120
since [sIns] adv -
repetitive [ri'petitiv] adj -
46
site [saIt] n -
report card -
61
situation [6sItSu'eISEn] n - , 78
report on sth. - 12
134
78
soap opera -
32
174
society [sE'saEti] n -
sure [SUE] adj -
140
solve a problem -
soon [su8n] adv -
88
sponsor ['spnsE] n -
30
122
surroundings [sE'raUndINz] n - , 132
stand up for ones rights -

140
system ['sIstEm] n -
54, 103
take a shower -
24
station ['steISEn] v - ( )
78
statistics [stE'tIstIks] n -
70
stay with smb. -
132
step by step -
step [step] n -
60
60
stocks [stks] n -
store [st8] v - ,
strange [streIndZ] adj -
strike [straIk] v-
46
152
38
20
study ['stdi] n -
152
style of reporting -
10
152
suffer ['sfE] v -
88
suggestion [sE'dZestSEn] n - 88
suit [sju8t] n -
152
tale [teIl] n - ,
task [ta8sk] n -
122
46
technical talk - 38
technology [tek'nlEdZi] n - 20
thanks a lot -
61
thats good news - 58
thats quite a trip -

102
thats the spirit - -
26
suggest [sE'dZest] v -
134
take into account -
thats not like you - 60
stumble across sth. - 122

such as -
90
take care of sth. -
that sounds delightful - 102
74
studio ['stju8dioU] n -
30
34
station ['steISEn] n -
61
surprising [sE'praIzIN] adj -

61
56
spook [spu8k] n - ,
state [steIt] n -
12, 61
surprise [sE'praIz] v -
10
spirit ['spIrKt] n - ,
start [sta8t] v -
surprise [sE'praIz] n -
150
suits our needs -

150
thats true -
56
72
the dos and donts - 156

the elderly -
138
The Grey Panthers - 140

the last -
the North -
47
126
175
the past -
the South -
122
126
they were in my line -

. 56
they were sold - , 40
violent ['vaIElEnt] adj -
122
visitor ['vIzItE] n -
78
W
want [wnt] v -
30
thick [3Ik] adj -
86
(want) ad - (
) 54
thin [3In] adj -
118
warn [w8n] v -
130
wash [wS] v -
think [3INk] v -
thinly populated -
thought [38t] n -
118
through [3ru8] prep -

throw away -
waste [weIst] n -
wave [weIv] v -
130
86
104
weapon ['wepEn] n -
106
74
weekly ['wi8kli] adj -
92
124
90
10
typewriter ['taIp6raItE] n - 47
welcome ['welkEm] interj -

! 68
typical of -
Western Europe -
118
whether ['weTE] conj -
wide [waId] adj -
understand [6ndE'stnd] v - 48
windy ['wIndi] adj -
unemployment [6nIm'plImEnt] n - 136
within [wIT'In] adv -
unfortunately [n'f8tSEnKtli] adv - 70

use [ju8z] n -
72
14
106
154
word [wE8d] n - 47
writer ['raItE] n -
48
use [ju8z] v - , 72
yet [jet] adv -
useful ['ju8sful] adj -
you are quite right -
24
useless ['ju8slis] adj - 24, 140
V
valuable ['vljuEbl] adj -
92
variety [vE'raIEti] n -
view [vju8] n -
142
28
12
104
viewpoint ['vju8pInt] n - 12
violation ['vaIEleISn] v - 72
violence ['vaIElEns] n -
68
118
16

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-,

Opinions about the Impact

Opinions about the Impact of Mass Media

P: Hello, Im Peter. May I join you

Opinions about the Impact of Mass Media

P: Yes, I hope to gain some new

Opinions about the Impact of Mass Media

J: Well, yes. I find, if you read the

P: Yes, but what exactly do you

Opinions about the Impact of Mass Media

Opinions about the Impact of Mass Media

P: I know what you mean. If you

J: Thats what I mean. And my

The New York Times

The Washington Post

Opinions about the Impact of Mass Media

P: But there are also papers in the

P: That would be fine. Bye-bye.

Fill in the missing words. ( .)

Private and Public

Private and Public Broadcasting

A: Welcome to the BBC.

B: Yes, I think, youve succeeded

Private and Public Broadcasting

A: I remember very well when private television was proposed in

Private and Public Broadcasting

A: And the questions often raised

Private and Public Broadcasting

A: I think that private broadcasting

Private and Public Broadcasting

B: In the back of our minds we

Private and Public Broadcasting

B: Yes, thats exactly the kind of

B: Those are two important aspects.

Fill in the Adjective or Adverb.

I ........................... get up at 7 oclock.

1. He ...................... tried to be on time.

2. I remember very ...................... what you told me

3. Tom is a ..................... salesmanager.

4. Mary is very ......................, because she got

5. Mike is a ........................... tennis player.

6. He plays tennis ....................

7. Jack is a ............................ driver.

8. The thief ........................ ran away.

9. John is a ........................... runner.

10. Thats an ....................... question.

Computers in Our Daily Life

Computers in Our Daily Life

A: I say, that article that youre

Computers in Our Daily Life

A: How can something so boring

Computers in Our Daily Life

B: Everybody was arguing against

Computers in Our Daily Life

B: Yes, youre right. The machine

B: I think that this article will prove

Computers in Our Daily Life

B: Well, for instance, remember

A: Thats exactly what my friend

Computers in Our Daily Life

B: But the computer can also help

Fill in the missing relative pronoun. ( .)

How to Apply for a Job

to apply for a job