LAPORAN LENGKAP I. TOPIK PERCOBAAN :SINTESA SABUN II. TUJUAN PERCOBAAN : a. Mempelajari proses pemb a!

a" sab " #ari Mi"$a%. b.U"! % me"&e!a' i rea%si $a"& !erja#i pa#a proses pemb a!a" sab " #ari Mi"$a%. III. (ASAR TEORI Sapo"i)i%asi Sapo"i)i%asi pa#a #asar"$a a#ala' proses pemb a!a" sab " $a"& berla"&s "& #e"&a" merea%si%a" asam lema% %' s s"$a !ri&liseri#a #e"&a" al%ali $a"& me"&'asil%a" &liserol #a" &aram %arbo%sila! *seje"is sab "+. Sab " mer pa%a" &aram *"a!ri m+ $a"& memp "$ai ra"&%aia" %arbo" $a"& pa"ja"&. Rea%si #iba,a' i"i mer pa%a" rea%si sapo"i)i%asi !ripalmi!i" - !ri&liseri#a. Selai" #ari rea%si #ia!as sab " j &a bisa #i'asil%a" #ari rea%si "e!ralisasi Fatty Acid *.A+/ "am " #isi"i 'a"$a #i#apa! sab " !a"pa a#a"$a Gliseri" *Glycerol+/ %are"a saa! proses pemb a!a" Fatty Acid/ glycerol s #a' #ipisa'%a" !erse"#iri Selai" #ari mi"$a% a!a lema% #a" NaO0 pa#a pemb a!a" sab " #iper& "a%a" ba'a"1ba'a" !amba'a" seba&ai beri% !: a. Caira" pe"&isi seper!i !ep "& !apio%a/ &aple' #a" lai"1lai". b. 2a! pe,ar"a 3. Par) m/ a&ar ba "$a ,a"&i. #. 2a! pem !i'/ misal "a!ri m s l)a! 4 Sab " Sejara' Sab " Pro# % sab " sebe"ar"$a !i#a% per"a' #i!em %a"/ !e!api se3ara ber%esi"amb "&a" #apa! #i%emba"&%a" #ari 3amp ra" al%ali % a! #a" ba'a" berlema% *fatty material+. Se%i!ar !a' " 5677/ sab " #iper3a$a seba&ai 'asil 3amp ra" me%a"is "! % memperole' sab " %asar #a" sab " l "a% !ela' #i%emba"&%a" pa#a aba# per!ama melal i s a! proses. Ba'a" me"!a' $a"& !erse#ia #alam pera"& # "ia I memb a! jerma" me"&emba"&%a" sab " si"!esis #a" #e!erje" *detergent+. Proses i"i #ila%sa"a%a" #e"&a" me"&%omposisi rea%si s l)o"asi "a)!ale"a $a"& me"&a"# "& ra"!ai al%il pe"#e% $a"& mer pa%a" 8a! pembasa' *wetting agent+. Pe"&er!ia" Sab " Sab " a#ala' sala' sa! %arbo" $a"& sa"&a! %omersial bai% #ari sisi pe"&& "aa" #alam %e'i# pa" se'ari1'ari ma p " persai"&a" 'ar&a pro# % $a"& memberi%a" pe"&emba"&a" $a"& 3 % p bai%. Sab " mer pa%a"

s r)a%!a" $a"& #i& "a%a" #e"&a" air "! % me"3 3i #a" membersi'%a". Sab " biasa"$a berbe"! % pa#a!a" $a"& !er3e!a% seper!i ba!a"&a". Sab " mer pa%a" mer pa%a" s a! be"! % se"$a,a $a"& #i'asil%a" #ari rea%si sapo"i)i%asi. Sapo"i)i%asi a#ala' rea%si 'i#rolisis asam lema% ole' a#a"$a basa lema' *misal"$a NaO0+. 0asil lai" #ari rea%si sapo"i)i%asi iala' &liserol. Selai" C59 #a" C5:/ sab " j &a #is s " ole' & & s asam %arbo%sila!.

Pri"sip !ama %erja sab " iala' &a$a !ari% a"!ara mole% l %o!ora"/ sab "/ #a" air. Ko!ora" $a"& me"empel pa#a !a"&a" ma" sia m m"$a ber pa lema%. U"! % memperm #a' pe"jelasa"/ mari %i!a !i"ja mi"$a% &ore"& seba&ai 3o"!o'. Mi"$a% &ore"& me"&a"# "& asam lema% je" ' #a" !i#a% je" '. Asam lema% je" ' $a"& a#a pa#a mi"$a% &ore"& m m"$a !er#iri #ari asam miristat/ asam palmitat, asam laurat/ #a" asam kaprat. Asam lema% !i#a% je" '#alam mi"$a% &ore"& a#ala' asam oleat, asam linoleat/ #a" asam linolena. Asam lema% !i#a% lai" a#ala' asam alkanoat a!a asam %arbo%sila! ber#eraja! !i"&&i *ra"!ai C lebi' #ari :+. Seper!i $a"& %i!a %e!a' i/ air a#ala' s bs!a"si %imia #e"&a" r m s %imia 09O/ $ai! mole% l $a"& !ers s " a!as # a a!om 'i#ro&e" $a"& !eri%a! se3ara %o;ale" pa#a sa! a!om o%si&e". Air bersi)a! !i#a% ber,ar"a/ !i#a% berasa #a" !i#a% berba pa#a %o"#isi s!a"#ar/ $ai! pa#a !e%a"a" 577 %Pa *5 bar+ a"# !empera! r 9<=/5> K *7 ?C+. Air seri"& #iseb ! seba&ai pelarut universal %are"a air melar !%a" ba"$a% 8a! %imia. Kelar !a" s a! 8a! #alam air #i!e"! %a" ole' #apa! !i#a%"$a 8a! !erseb ! me"a"#i"&i %e% a!a" &a$a !ari%1me"ari% lis!ri% *&a$a i"!ermole% l #ipol1#ipol+ a"!ara mole% l1mole% l air. Ba'a" ba% pemb a!a" sab "/ a"!ara lai": a. Mi"$a% %elapa sa,i! Me"&a"# "& asam palmi!a!/ asam olea!/ asam s!eara!/ #a" asam m$)is!a!. b. Mi"$a% 2ai! " Me"&a"# "& asam palmi!a!/ asam olea! #a" asam s!eara!. 3. Mi"$a% Kelapa Me"&a"# "& asam palmi!a!/ asam olea! #a" asam s!eara!. Me"&apa mi"$a% #apa! lar ! #e"&a" ba"! a" sab " #alam me#ia air@ (ari pe"jelasa" #i a!as/ per!a"$aa" !erseb ! #apa! #ija,ab #e"&a" m #a'. .e"ome"a !erseb ! !i#a% lepas #ari &a$a !ari% me"ari% mole% l. Ga$a !ari% a"!ara # a mole% l polar * &a$a !ari% #ipol1#ipol+ me"$ebab%a" lar !a" polar lar ! #alam lar !a" polar. Mole% l polar memp "$ai #ipol $a"& perma"e" se'i"&&a me"&i"# %si a,a" ele%!ro" "o" polar se'i"&&a !erbe"! % #ipol !eri"# %si/ ma%a lar !a" "o"polar #apa! lar ! #alam "o" polar. 0al !erseb ! #apa! me"jelas%a" proses $a"& !erja#i saa! %i!a me"3 3i !a"&a". Saa! pe"3 3ia" !a"&a"/ air $a"& mer pa%a" se"$a,a polar me"&i"# %si a,a" ele%!ro" sab " se'i"&&a #apa! memba"! lar !"$a asam lema% $a"& j &a mer pa%a" se"$a,a

"o" polar. Ma%a #ari i! / bila %i!a me"3 3i !a"&a" #e"&a" me"&& "%a" sab "/ lema% $a"& me"empel pa#a !a"&a" a%a" melar ! bersama sab " #e"&a" ba"! a" air. Mi"$a% Lema% #a" mi"$a% mer pa%a" se"$a,a or&a"i% $a"& pe"!i"& ba&i %e'i# pa" ma%'l % 'i# p. Lema% #a" mi"$a% mer pa%a" sala' sa! %elompo% $a"& !ermas % &olo"&a" lipi#a. Sala' sa! si)a! $a"& %'as #a" me"3iri%a" &olo"&a" lipi#a a#ala' #a$a lar !"$a #alam pelar ! or&a"i% *misal"$a ether, benzene, chloroform+ a!a sebali%"$a %e!i#a%1lar !a""$a #alam pelar ! air. Kelompo% lipi#a #apa! #ibe#a%a" ber#asar%a" polari!as"$a a!a ber#asar%a" s!r %! r %imia !er!e"! . a. Kelompo% Tri&liseri#a * lema%/mi"$a%/asam lema% #a" lai"1lai" +. b. Kelomo% ! r "a" asam lema% * lili"/al#e'i# asam lema% #a" lai"1lai" +. 3. .os)olipi#a #a" serebrosi#a * !ermas % &li%olipi#a +. #. S!erol1s!erol #a" s!eroi#a. e. Karo!e"oi#a. ). Kelompo% lipi#a lai". Tri&liseri#a mer pa%a" %elompo% lipi#a $a"& pali"& ba"$a% #alam jari"&a" 'e,a" #a" ! mb 'a". Tri&liseri#a #alam ! b ' ma" sia ber;ariasi j mla'"$a !er&a"! "& #ari !i"&%a! %e&em %a" seseora"& #a" #apa! me"3apai beberapa %ilo&ram. .os)olipi#a/ &li%olipi#a/ s!erol #a" s!eroi#a !er#apa! #alam jari"&a" 'e,a" #a" ! mb 'a" #alam j mla' $a"& lebi' se#i%i! #ari pa#a !ri&liseri#a. (alam ! b ' ma" sia/ %elompo% i"i 'a"$a mer pa%a" beberapa perse" saja #ari ba'a" lipi#a sel r '"$a. Karo!e"oi#a #alam ! b ' ma" sia lebi' se#i%i! la&i j mla'"$a/ biasa"$a #alam sel r ' ! b ' ma" sia 'a"$a !er#apa! % ra"& #ari 5 &ram. (alam jari"&a" !a"ama"/ %aro!e"oi#a !er#apa! #alam j mla' lebi' ba"$a%. Se3ara (e"!i!i)/ lipi#a #iar!i%a" seba&ai sem a ba'a" or&a"i% $a"& #apa! lar ! #alam pelar ! or&a"i% $a"& memp "$ai %e3e"#er "&a" "o"polar. Lema% #a" mi"$a% a!a se3ara %imia,i a#ala' !ri&liseri#a mer pa%a" ba&ia" !erbesar #ari %elompo% lipi#a. Tri&liseri#a i"i mer pa%a" se"$a,a 'asil %o"#e"sasi sa! mole% l &liserol #e"&a" !i&a mole% l asam lema%. Se3ara m m lema% #iar!i%a" seba&ai !ri&liseri#a $a"& #alam %o"#isi s ' r a"& bera#a #alam %ea#aa" pa#a!. Se#a"&%a" mi"$a% a#ala' !ri&liseri#a $a"& #alam s ' r a"& berbe"! % 3air. Se3ara lebi' pas!i !i#a% a#a ba!asa" $a"& jelas "! % membe#a%a" mi"$a% #a" lema%. Rea%si #a" si)a! %imia pa#a mi"$a% a!a lema%: 5. Es!eri)i%asi

Proses Es!eri)i%asi ber! j a" "! % asam1asam lema% bebas #ari !ri&liseri#a/ me"ja#i be"! % es!er. Rea%si es!eri)i%asi #apa! #ila% %a" melal i rea%si %imia $a"& #iseb ! i"!eri)i%asi a!a pe" %ara" es!ar $a"& #i#asar%a" pa#a pri"sip !ra"s1es!eri)i%asi Fiedel-Craft. 9. 0i#rolisa (alam rea%si 'i#rolisa/ lema% #a" mi"$a% a%a" #i ba' me"ja#i asam1asam lema% bebas #a" &liserol/ proses i"i #iba"! a#a"$a asam/ al%ali/ ap air/ pa"as/ #a" e8"im lipoli!i% seper!i lipase. Rea%si 'i#rolisis me"&a%iba!%a" %er sa%a" lema% #a" mi"$a% $ai! Ahydrolytic rancidityB $ai! !erja#i flavor #a" rasa !e"&i% pa#a lema% a!a mi"$a%. 0al i"i !erja#i %are"a !er#apa! sej mla' air #alam lema% #a" mi"$a% !erseb !. =. Pe"$ab "a" Rea%si i"i #ila% %a" #e"&a" pe"amba'a" sej mla' lar !a" basa %epa#a !ri&liseri#a. Bila pe"$ab "a" !ela' le"&%ap/ lapisa" air $a"& me"&a"# "& &liserol #ipisa'%a" #a" %em #ia" &liserol #ip li'%a" #e"&a" pe"$ li"&a". C. E"8ima!is E"8im $a"& #apa! me"& rai%a" lema% a!a mi"$a% #a" a%a" me"$ebab%a" mi"$a% !erseb ! me"ja#i !e"&i%/ %e!e"&i%a" i! #iseb ! AEnzimatic rancidityB Lipase $a"& be%erja meme3a' lema% me"ja#i &liserol #a" asam lema% ser!a me"$ebab%a" mi"$a%

ber,ar"a &elap. E"8im pero%si#a memba"! proses o%si#asi mi"$a% se'i"&&a me"&'asil%a" %e!o". >. O%si#asi O%si#asi #apa! berla"&s "& bila !erja#i %o"!a% a"!ara sej mla' o%si&e" #e"&a" lema% a!a mi"$a%. Terja#i"$a rea%si o%si#asi i"i a%a" me"&a%iba!%a" ba !e"&i% %epa#a mi"$a% a!a lema% A !idative rancidityB. :. 0i#ro&e"asi Proses 0i#ro&e"asi ber! j a" "! % me"jer"i'%a" i%a!a" #ari ra"!ai #ari %arbo" asam lema% pa#a lema% a!a mi"$a%. Se!ela' proses 0i#ro&e"asi selesai/ mi"$a% #i#i"&i"%a" #a" %a!alisa!or #ipisa'%a" #e"&a" pe"$ari"&a". 0asil"$a a#ala' mi"$a% $a"& bersi)a! plas!is a!a %eras/ !er&a"! "& pa#a #eraja! %eje" 'a". Si)a! )isi%a lema% #a" mi"$a% : 5. Ba amis *fish flavor+ $a"& #isebab%a" ole' !erbe"! %"$a !rime!il1 ami" #ari le3i!i"

9. Bobo! je"is #ari lema% #a" mi"$a% biasa"$a #i!e"! %a" pa#a !empera! r %amar =. I"#e%s bias #ari lema% #a" mi"$a% #ipa%ai pa#a pe"&e"ala" "s r %imia #a" "! % pe"& jia" %em r"ia" mi"$a%. C. Mi"$a% a!a lema% !i#a% lar ! #alam air %e3 ali mi"$a% jara% *Coas!er oil+/ se#i%i! lar ! #alam al%o'ol #a" lar ! semp r"a #alam #ie!il e!er/ %arbo" disulfide #a" pelar ! 'alo&e". >. Ti!i% #i#i' asam lema% sema%i" me"i"&%a! #e"&a" ber!amba'"$a pa"ja"& ra"!ai %arbo". :. Rasa pa#a lema% #a" mi"$a% selai" !er#apa! se3ara alami j &a !erja#i %are"a asam1asam $a"& bera"!ai sa"&a! pe"#e% seba&ai 'asil pe"& raia" pa#a %er sa%a" mi"$a% a!a lema% <. Ti!i% %e%er 'a" #i!e!ap%a" #e"&a" 3ara me"#i"&i"%a" 3amp ra" lema% a!a mi"$a% #e"&a" pelar ! lema% 6. Ti!i% l "a% #ari lema% a!a mi"$a% #i!e!ap%a" "! % me"&i#e"!i)i%asi%a" mi"$a% a!a lema% D. "hot #elting point a#ala' !empera! r per!ama saa! !erja#i !e!esa" per!ama #ari mi"$a%-lema%. 57. "lipping point #i& "a%a" "! % pe"&e"ala" mi"$a% a!a lema% alam ser!a pe"&ar ' %e'a#ira" %ompo"e"1%ompo"e""$a. Se"$a,a lema% #a" mi"$a% mer pa%a" se"$a,a alam pe"!i"& $a"& #apa! #ipelajari se3ara lebi' #alam #a" rela!i) lebi' m #a' bila #iba"#i"&%a" #e"&a" se"$a,a ma%ro " !rie" lai". Kem #a'a" !erseb ! #ia%iba!%a" ole': 5. mole% l lema% rela!i) lebi' %e3il #a" % ra"& %omple%s #iba"#i"&%a" %arbo'i#ra! a!a pro!ei". 9. mole% l lema% #apa! #isi"!esis #i labora!ori m me" r ! %eb ! 'a". A"alisis lema% #a" mi"$a% $a"& m m #ila% %a" /#apa! #i&olo"&%a" #alam !i&a %elompo% ! j a" beri% !: 5. Pe"e"! a" % a"!i!a!i) a!a pe"e"! a" %a#ar lema% $a"& !er#apa! #alam ba'a" ma%a"a" a!a per!a"ia". 9. Pe"e"! a" % ali!as mi"$a% *m r"i+ seba&ai ba'a" ma%a"a" $a"& ber%ai!a" #e"&a" proses e%s!ra%si"$a/ a!a a#a !i#a%"$a perla% a" pem r"ia" la"j !a" misal"$a pe"jer"i'a"/ pe"&'ila"&a" ba / pe"&'ila"&a" ,ar"a #a" seba&ai"$a. =. Pe"e"! a" si)a! )isis ma p " %imia,i $a"& %'as a!a me"3iri%a" si)a! mi"$a% !er!e"! . E%s!ra%si mer pa%a" sala' sa! 3ara "! % me"e"! %a" %a#ar lema% #alam s a! ba'a". Seba&ai se"$a,a 'i#ro%arbo"/ lema% #a" mi"$a% pa#a m m$a !i#a% lar ! air !a!api #alam pelar ! or&a"i%. Pe"e"! a" %a#ar lema% #e"&a" pelar !/ selai" lema% j &a !eri% ! )os)olipi#a/ s!erol/ asam lema% bebas/ %aro!e"oi#/ #a" pi&me" lai". Kare"a i! 'asil a"alisa"$a #iseb ! lema% %asar *crude fat+. A#a # a 3ara pe"e"! a" %a#ar lema% ber#asar%a" je"is ba'a"

5. Ba'a" Keri"& E%s!ra%si lema% #ari ba'a" %eri"& #apa! #ila% %a" !erp ! s1p ! s a!a ber%esi"amb "&a". E%s!ra%si se3ara !erp ! s #ila% %a" #e"&a" so%le!. Se#a"&%a" se3ara ber%esi"amb "&a" #e"&a" ala! goldfish. 9. Ba'a" Cair Pe"e"! a" %a#ar lema% #ari ba'a" 3air #apa! me"&& "a%a" bo!ol $abcock a!a #e"&a" #o%oinner. Je"is Mi"$a% #a" lema% #apa! #ibe#a%a" sa! sama lai" ber#asar%a" si)a!1 si)a!"$a. Pe"& jia" si)a!1si)a! mi"$a% !erseb ! sala' sa! "$a a#ala' pe"e"! a" a"&%a pe"$ab "a" #a" pe"e"! a" a"&%a asam. A"&%a pe"$ab "a" #apa! #iar!i%a" seba&ai ba"$a%"$a *m&+ KO0 $a"& #ib ! '%a" "! % me"$ab "%a" sa! &ram asam lema% a!a mi"$a%. A"&%a pe"$ab "a" se"#iri #apa! #iper& "a%a" "! % me"e"! %a" bera! mole% l mi"$a% se3ara %asar. Mi"$a% $a"& #is s " ole' asam lema% bera"!ai C pe"#e% berar!i memp "$ai bera! mole% l rela!i) %e3il a%a" memp "$ai a"&%a pe"$ab "a" $a"& besar #a" sebali%"$a mi"$a% #e"&a" bera! mole% l besar memp "$ai a"&%a pe"$ab "a" rela!i) %e3il. A"&%a asam #i"$a!a%a" seba&ai j mla' mili&ram KO0 a!a NaO0 $a"& #iperl %a" "! % me"e!ral%a" asam lema% bebas $a"& !er#apa! #alam sa! &ram mi"$a% a!a lema%. A"&%a asam besar me" "j %a" asam lema% bebas $a"& besar $a"& berasal #ari 'i#rolisis mi"$a% a! p " %are"a proses pe"&ola'a" $a"& % ra"& bai%. Ma%i" !i"&&i a"&%a asam ma%i" re"#a' % ali!as"$a.

IE. 5. a. b. 3. #. e. ). &. '. i. 9. a. b. 3. #. e. ). &.

ALAT (AN BA0AN Ala! Tab "& rea%si Pipe! Tab "& be"8a"a Ca,a" pe!ri Gelas % r Gelas %imia Ra% !ab "& rea%si Tis Ker!as sari"& Ba'a" Mi"$a% Gore"& NaO0 E!il al%o'ol Air Kra" Air s li"& Lar !a" NaCl je" ' CaCl9

E. PROSE(UR PERCOBAAN 5.(imas %%a" 57 ml sampel mi"$a% %e#alam be%er &elas 9>7 ml. 9. (i!amba'%a" 57 ml e!a"ol #a" 57 ml lar !a" NaO0 =.(ipa"as%a" 3amp ra" !erseb ! selama F =7 me"i! #alam pema"as air $a"& !ela' me"#i#i' *sambil #i a# %1a# % me"&& "a%a" spa! la+ #i& "a%a" pe"jepi! !ab "& #a" sa'a%a" !i"&&i air ja"&a" melebi'i be%er &elas. C.(iama!i 'asil $a"& !erja#i >.(i!amba'%a" !e!es #emi !e!es lar !a" NaCl je" ' %e #alam lar !a" !erseb ! :.(i#i"&i"%a" #a" #i sari"& #e"&a" me"&& "a%a" %er!as sari"& <.(iama!i 'asil $a"& !erbe"! % 6.(iambil %esimp la"

EI. 0ASIL PENGAMATAN Sapo"i)i%asi mer pa%a" proses pemb a!a" sab " $a"& berla"&s "& #e"&a" merea%si%a" asam lema% %' s "$a !ri&liseri#a #e"&a" al%ali $a"& me"&'asil%a" &liserol #a" &aram %arbo%sila! *seje"is sab "+. Sab " mer pa%a" &aram *"a!ri m+ $a"& memp "$ai ra"&%aia" %arbo" $a"& pa"ja"&. Sapo"i)i%asi #ila% %a" #e"&a" merea%si%a" mi"$a% %elapa sa,i! *!ri&lisri#a+ #e"&a" al%ali *biasa"$a me"&& "a%a" NaO0 a!a KO0+ se'i"&&a me"&'asil%a" &liserol #a" &aram al%ali Na *sab "+. Sapo"i)i%asi j &a #apa! #ila% %a" #e"&a" merea%si%a" asam lema% #e"&a" al%ali se'i"&&a me"&'asil%a" sab " #a" air No Prose# r Per3obaa" 0asil pe"&ama!a"

5 9

(imas %%a" 57 ml sampel mi"$a% %e#alam be%er &elas 9>7 ml. (i!amba'%a" 57 ml e!a"ol #a" 57 ml lar !a" NaO0

Gar"a mi"$a% ber,ar"a % "i"& jer"i' Mi"$a% He!a"ol IMi"$a% !i#a% !er3amp r #e"&a" e!a"ol Mi"$a% H e!a"ol HNaO0 ILa! ra" !er3amp r %e"!al #a" m lai me"&& mpal /,ar"a 3amp ra" ber,ar"a % "i"&.

C > : < 6

(ipa"as%a" 3amp ra" !erseb ! selama F =7 Camp ra" #i pa"as%a" selama => me"i! #alam pema"as air $a"& !ela' me"#i#i' me"i! #a" me"&'asil%a" 3amp ra" *sambil #i a# %1a# % me"&& "a%a" spa! la+ $a"& berb i' #a" !erpisa'. #i& "a%a" pe"jepi! !ab "& #a" sa'a%a" !i"&&i air ja"&a" melebi'i be%er &elas. (iama!i 'asil $a"& !erja#i (i!amba'%a" !e!es #emi !e!es lar !a" NaCl je" ' %e #alam lar !a" !erseb ! (i#i"&i"%a" #a" #i sari"& #e"&a" me"&& "a%a" %er!as sari"& (iama!i 'asil $a"& !erbe"! % (iambil %esimp la" &idinginkan dan di saring sehingga menghasilkan sabun dan gliserol terpisah'sabun berwarna putih sedangkan gliserol berwarna kuning %ernih' Camp ra" HNaCl I Me"&& mpal *& mpala" ber,ar"a p !i'+ #a" !erpisa' #ari 3aira" ,ar"a be"i"&.

EII. PEMBA0ASAN Se!iap sab " #ib a! melal i rea%si a"!ara lema% #e"&a" ba'a" $a"& #iseb ! al%ali 1 basa $a"& sa"&a! % a! *basa a#ala' la,a" #ari asam+. Kare"a #ib a! melal i pe"3amp ra" seb a' se"$a,a or&a"i% *asam lema%+ #e"&a" seb a' se"$a,a a"or&a"i% *al%ali+/ mole% l sab " memper!a'a"%a" beberapa 3iri %e# a"$a. Mole% l sab " memp "$ai seb a' %a%i or&a"i% $a"& se"a"& ber&a"#e"&a" #e"&a" ba'a"1ba'a" or&a"i% bermi"$a%/ #a" seb a' %a%i a"or&a"i% $a"& se"a"& ber&a"#e"&a" #e"&a" air. I! la' sebab"$a sab " memili%i %emamp a" !ia#a ba"#i"& #alam me"ari% %o!ora" bermi"$a% #ari ! b ' a!a pa%aia" %e #alam air.Cara %erja sab " a#ala' me"&i%a! mi"$a% %e#alam air/ se'i"&&a a%'ir"$a mi"$a% #a" %o!ora" #apa! #ibilas #e"&a" lebi' m #a'. Mole% l1mole% l sab " berbe"! % pa"ja"& #a" !ipis. Pa#a 'ampir sel r ' pa"ja"&"$a *a!a Je%or"$aJ+ s!r %! r"$a !epa! sama #e"&a" mole% l1mole% l mi"$a%/ %are"a i! memili%i a)i"i!as a!a %ea%raba" #e"&a" mole% l1mole% l mi"$a%. Tapi/ pa#a sala' sa! j "&"$a $a"& lai" *a!a J%epala"$aJ+ a#a sepasa"& a!om $a"& m a!a" lis!ri%"$a se#emi%ia" 'i"&&a 'a"$a se"a"& ber&ab "& #e"&a" mole% l1mole% l air/ #a" %epala i"ila' $a"& memb a! sel r ' mole% l sab " me"$a! #e"&a" air $a"& memb a!"$a #apa! lar !. Ki!a bisa me"amba'%a" aroma #alam sab " #e"&a" meberi%a" beberapa !e!es lar !a" pe"&'ar m %e#alam 3amp ra" sab ""$a.

EIII. KESIMPULAN (AN SARAN A. KESIMPULAN 5. Sab " a#ala' s r)a%!a" $a"& #i& "a%a" #e"&a" air "! % me"3 3i #a" membersi'%a". Se!iap sab " #ib a! melal i rea%si a"!ara lema% #e"&a" ba'a" $a"& #iseb ! al%ali 11basa $a"& sa"&a! % a! *basa a#ala' la,a" #ari asam+. Kare"a #ib a! melal i pe"3amp ra" seb a' se"$a,a or&a"i% *asam lema%+ #e"&a" seb a' se"$a,a a"or&a"i% *al%ali+/ mole% l sab " memper!a'a"%a" beberapa 3iri %e# a"$a. Mole% l sab " memp "$ai seb a' %a%i or&a"i% $a"& se"a"& ber&a"#e"&a" #e"&a" ba'a"1ba'a" or&a"i% bermi"$a%/ #a" seb a' %a%i a"or&a"i% $a"& se"a"& ber&a"#e"&a" #e"&a" air. I! la' sebab"$a sab " memili%i %emamp a" !ia#a ba"#i"& #alam me"ari% %o!ora" bermi"$a% #ari ! b ' a!a pa%aia" %e #alam air. 9. (alam proses sapo"i)i%asi/ lema% a%a" !er'i#rolisis ole' basa/ me"&'asil%a" &liserol #a" sab " me"!a'. =. Pe"$ s s " sab " !erbesar a#ala' Lema% B. SARAN

IK.(A.TAR PUSTAKA A"o"im. 9776. #inyak dan (olesterol. '!!p:--,,,.'alal& i#e.i")o. (ia%ses pa#a !a"&&al 96 O%!ober 977D. A"#r$. 9776. )eknologi *emak &an #inyak. '!!p:--,,,.p#)1sear3'1e"&i"e.3om. (ia%ses pa#a !a"&&al 96 O%!ober 977D. Sa!$a,iba,a/ Ima" #a" L s!i"a Er"a Gi#$as! !i. 5DD9. (elapa "awit &an +engolahannya. Ja%ar!a: Ga"es'a EMa3!a. Ira,a"/ ,ira. 977:. *aporan +raktikum , +roses -eaksi "aponifikasi. Me#a": J r sa" Te%"i% Kimia/ .a% l!as Te%"olo&i I"# s!ri. I"s!i! ! Te%"olo&i Me#a". %elompo%.E. 9759'+enuntun +raktikum (.#.A rganik .UNIEERSITAS PALANGKARALA