Thiet Ke Cao Oc Citilight

Chng 1
sang
Thiet ke chieu
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Thiet ke chieu
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CHNG 1
THIET KE CHIEU SANG
1.1 CAC VAN E CHUNG VE THIET KE CHIEU SANG:
-
Chieu sang lam viec: dung e am bao s lam

viec, hoat ong bnh thng cua ngi, vat va
phng tien van chuyen khi khong co hoac thieu
anh sang t nhien.
Chieu sang s co: cho phep van tiep tuc lam viec
trong mot thi gian hoac am bao s an toan cua
ngi i ra khoi nha khi he chieu sang lam viec b
h hong hay b s co.
Chieu sang an toan: e phan tan ngi (trong nha

hoac ngoai tri) can thiet nhng loi i lai, nhng
ni trong x nghiep va cong cong co hn 50 ngi,
nhng cau thang cac toa nha co t 6 tang tr len,
nhng phan xng co hn 50 ngi va nhng ni
khac hn 100 ngi.
Chieu sang bao ve: can thiet trong em tai cac

cong trnh xay dng hoac nhng ni san xuat.
1.1.1 LA CHON CAC THONG SO:

a/ Chon nguon sang:
chon nguon sang theo cac tieu chuan sau ay:
-
Nhiet o mau c chon theo bieu o Kruithof.
Ch so mau.
Viec s dung tang cng va gian oan cua a

iem.
Tuoi tho cua en.
Quang hieu en.
Chng 1
sang
Thiet ke chieu
b/ La chon he thong chieu sang:

e thiet ke chieu sang trong nha, thng s dung cac
phng thc chieu sang sau:
-
He 1 (he chieu sang chung):
He 2 (he chieu sang hon hp):.

c/ Chon cac thiet b chieu sang:
S la chon TBCS phai da tren ieu kien sau:

-
Tnh chat cua moi trng xung quanh.
Cac yeu cau ve s phan bo anh sang va s giam

choi.
Cac phng an kinh te.

d/ Chon o roi E:
Viec chon o roi phu thuoc vao cac yeu to sau:

-
Loai cong viec, kch thc cac vat, s sai biet cua
vat va hau canh.
Mc o cang thang cua cong viec.
La tuoi ngi s dung.
He chieu sang, loai nguon sang la chon.

e/ Chon he so d tr k (he so bu d):
Trong thiet ke chieu sang, khi tnh cong suat can phai
chu y trong qua trnh van hanh cua he chieu sang, gia tr
o roi tren mat phang lam viec giam. Nhng nguyen
nhan chnh lam giam o roi E la: giam quang thong cua
nguon sang trong qua trnh lam viec, giam hieu suat cua
en khi TBCS, tng, tran b ban. Nh vay, khi tnh cong suat
nguon sang e am bao gia tr tieu chuan tren mat
phang lam viec trong qua trnh van hanh cua TBCS can
phai cho them mot he so tnh en s giam o roi E. He
so o goi la he so d tr k (Lien Xo cu) hay he so bu d
(Phap).
1.1.2 PHNG PHAP TNH TOAN CHIEU SANG:
Co nhieu phng phap tnh toan chieu sang nh:
Chng 1
sang
Thiet ke chieu
Lien Xo co cac phng phap tnh toan chieu sang

sau:
+ Phng phap he so s dung.
+ Phng phap cong suat rieng.
+ Phng phap iem.
My co cac phng phap tnh toan chieu sang sau:

+ Phng phap quang thong.
+ Phng phap iem.
Con Phap th co cac phng phap tnh toan chieu

sang sau:
+ Phng phap he so s dung.
+ Phng phap iem.
va ca phng phap tnh toan chieu sang bang cac pham

mem chieu sang.
Tnh toan chieu sang theo phng phap he so s dung
[2] gom co cac bc:
1/ Nghien cu oi tng chieu sang.
2/ La chon o roi yeu cau.
3/ Chon he chieu sang.
4/ Chon nguon sang.
5/ Chon bo en.
6/ La chon chieu cao treo en:
Tuy theo: ac iem cua oi tng, loai cong viec, loai
bong en, s giam choi, be mat lam viec. Ta co the
phan bo cac en sat tran (h=0) hoac cach tran mot
khoang h. Chieu cao be mat lam viec co the tren o cao
0.8 m so vi san (mat ban) hoac ngay tren san tuy theo
cong viec. Khi o o cao treo en so vi be mat lam viec:
htt= H - h-0.8 (vi H: chieu cao t san en tran).
(1.1)
Can chu y rang chieu cao h tt oi vi en huynh quang
khong c vt qua 4 m, neu khong o sang tren be mat
Chng 1
sang
Thiet ke chieu
lam viec khong u. Con oi vi cac en thuy ngan cao

ap, en halogen kim loai nen treo tren o cao t 5m tr
len e tranh choi.
7/ Xac nh cac thong so ky thuat anh sang:
- Tnh ch so a iem: ac trng cho kch thc hnh
hoc cua a iem
K =
ab
htt ( a + b)
(1.2)
Vi: a,b chieu dai va rong cua can phong; h tt chieu
cao h tnh toan
- Tnh he so bu: da vao bang phu luc 7 cua tai
lieu [2].
- Tnh ty so treo:
j=
h'
h'+htt
(1.3)
Vi: h chieu cao t be mat en en tran.
Xac nh he so s dung:
Da tren cac thong so: loai bo en, ty so treo,
ch so a iem, he so phan xa tran, tng, san ta
tra gia tr he so s dung trong cac bang do cac nha
che tao cho san.
8/ Xac nh quang thong tong yeu cau: tong =
E tc Sd
U
(1.4)
Trong o:
Etc o roi la chon theo tieu chuan
(lux)
S dien tch be mat lam viec (m2).
d he so bu.
tong quang thong tong cac bo en (lm).
9/ Xac nh so bo en:
Chng 1
sang
Thiet ke chieu
N boden =
tong
cacbong / 1bo
(1.5)
Kiem tra sai so quang thong:
% =
N boden . cacbong / 1bo tong

tong
.100%
(1.6)
Trong thc te sai so t 10% en 20% th chap
nhan c.
10/ Phan bo cac bo en da tren cac yeu to:
-
Phan bo cho o roi ong eu va tranh choi, ac

iem kien truc cua oi tng, phan bo o ac.
Thoa man cac yeu cau ve khoang cach toi a gia

cac day va gia cac en trong mot day, de dang
van hanh va bao tr.
11/ Kiem tra o roi trung bnh tren be mat lam viec:
Etb =
N boden .cacbong / 1bo .U

Sd
(1.7)
Tren ay la phan ly thuyet ve tnh toan chieu sang theo
phng phap he so s dung. Sau ay la phan tom tat cac bc
trong tnh toan chieu sang theo phng phap tren:
1 Kch thc: chieu dai
a=
chieu cao H =
2 tran:
(m); chieu rong b=

(m); dien tch
He so phan xa tran
tr=
tng:
He so phan xa tng
tg=
san:
He so phan xa san
3 o roi yeu cau:
Etc=
S=
(m)
(m 2)
lv=
(lx)
4 Chon he chieu sang:

5 Chon khoang nhiet o mau: T m=
(0K) theo o th
ng cong Kruithof.
6 Chon bong en: loai:
R a=
Tm=
Pm=
(0K)
(w)
(lm)
Chng 1
sang
Thiet ke chieu
7 Chon bo en:
loai:
Cap bo en:
hieu suat:
So en /1 bo:
bong/1bo:
quang
thong
cac
(lm)
Ldocmax=
Lngangmax=
8 Phan bo cac bo en:

lam viec:
cach tran h=
(m); be mat
(m)
Chieu cao treo en so vi be mat lam
viec: htt=
(m)
ab
=
htt ( a + b)
9 Ch so a iem:
K =
10 He so bu:
d =
11 Ty so treo:
j=
h'
h'+htt
12 He so s dung: U=
tong =
13 Quang thong tong :
E tc Sd
=
U
tong
14 Xac nh so bo en: N boden =
=
cacbong / 1bo
Chon so bo en: Nboden=

15 Kiem tra sai so quang thong:
% =

tong
.100%
Ket luan:
16 Kiem tra o roi trung bnh tren be mat lam viec:
Etb =

Sd
1.2
TNH TOAN CHIEU SANG:
V ac trng cua toa nha Citilight Tower la cao oc van

phong nen tac gia chon tang 2 la khu van phong e ap
dung tnh toan chieu sang vi bai toan cu the sau:
Chng 1
sang
Thiet ke chieu
TNH TOAN CHIEU SANG TANG 2

Van phong
a = 42.8
(m);
chieu rong b= 7.5
(m);
dien tch
(m)
chieu cao H = 2.8
S= 321
(m2)
2 tran: vang creme
He so phan xa tran
tng: vang nhat
tr= 0.7
He so phan xa tng
san: gach
He so phan xa san
3 o roi yeu cau:
tg= 0.5
lv= 0.2
Etc= 300 (lx)
4 Chon he chieu sang: chung eu

5 Chon khoang nhiet o mau:T m= 4000
(0K) theo o th
ng cong Kruithof.
6 Chon bong en: loai: Multiclaude optique haut rendement
Ra= 85
Pm=36
(w)
= 3450 (lm)
T m=
4000 (0K)
7 Chon bo en:
loai: CFR 340
hieu suat:100%
So en /1 bo:3
quang thong cac
bong/1bo:3x3450 (lm)
cach tran h= 0
(m); be mat
lam viec: 0.8 (m)

viec: htt= 2 (m)
ab
9 Ch so a iem: K = h (a + b) = 3.19
tt
10 He so bu: d =1.25
11 Ty so treo:
j=
h'
h'+htt
=0
12 He so s dung: U=0.77
tong =
E tc Sd
= 156331 (lm)
U
Chng 1
sang
Thiet ke chieu
tong
= 15.1
cacbong / 1bo
Chon so bo en: Nboden= 15

% =

tong
.100% = -0.007
Ket luan: thoa yeu cau

Etb =

Sd
= 298 (lx)
Do cach bo tr cua mat bang xay dng nen khu vc van

phong chia ra lam nhieu khu nho. Nhng yeu cau ve chieu
sang va cach bo tr cua cac phan hoan toan tng t nhau
nen tnh gan ung ta co ket qua cac khu vc nho cua
van phong nh sau:
a = 18.1
(m);
chieu rong b= 4.3
(m)
chieu cao H = 2.8
(m);
dien tch
S= 77.83
(m2)
= > So bo en can bo tr cho khu vc nay la : N bo en=
5
a = 14.4
(m); chieu rong b= 11.5
(m)
chieu cao H = 2.8
(m);
dien tch
S= 165.6
(m2)
9
a = 7.8
(m);
chieu rong b= 3.3
(m)
chieu cao H = 2.8
(m);
dien tch
S= 25.74
(m2)
2
Chng 1
sang
Thiet ke chieu
a = 14.1
(m);
chieu rong b= 4.3
(m)
chieu cao H = 2.8
(m);
dien tch
S= 60.63
(m2)
3
a = 14.4
(m);
chieu rong b= 7.5
(m);
dien tch
(m)
chieu cao H = 2.8
S= 108
(m2)
6
a = 7.8
(m);
chieu rong b= 3.3
(m)
chieu cao H = 2.8
(m);
dien tch
S= 25.74
(m2)
2
Tong so bo en cung cap cho khu vc van
phong tang 2 la
Ntongboen = 42 bo (3x36W)
Khu ve sinh
a =6
(m);
chieu rong b= 6
(m)
chieu cao H = 2.8
(m);
dien tch
S= 36
(m2)
2 tran: vang creme
tng: vang nhat
san: gach
3 o roi yeu cau:
He so phan xa tran
He so phan xa tng
He so phan xa san
Etc= 150 (lx)
tr= 0.7
tg= 0.5
lv= 0.2
Chng 1
sang
Thiet ke chieu
(0K) theo o th
ng cong Kruithof.
6 Chon bong en: loai: compact
Ra= 85
Pm=18 (w)
=1300 (lm) Tm=
4000 (0K)
7 Chon bo en:
So en /1 bo:1
quang thong cac
bong/1bo:1300 (lm)
cach tran h= 0
(m); be mat
lam viec: 0.8 (m)

viec: htt= 2 (m)
ab
9 Ch so a iem: K = h (a + b) =1.5
tt
10 He so bu: d =1.25
11 Ty so treo:
j=
h'
h'+htt
=0
tong =
E tc Sd
=10385 (lm)
U
tong
= 7.9
cacbong / 1bo

% =

tong
.100% = 0.001

Etb =

Sd
= 150.2 (lx)

Khu vc hanh lang
4.5 (m)
a = 21
(m);
chieu rong
b=
Chng 1
sang
Thiet ke chieu
chieu cao H = 2.8
(m);
dien tch
S= 94.5
(m2)
2 tran: vang creme
He so phan xa tran
tng: vang nhat
tr= 0.7
He so phan xa tng
san: gach
He so phan xa san
3 o roi yeu cau:
tg= 0.5
lv= 0.2
Etc= 150 (lx)

(0K) theo o th
ng cong Kruithof.
Ra= 85
Pm=18 (w)
=1300 (lm) Tm=
4000 (0K)
7 Chon bo en:
So en /1 bo:1
quang thong cac
bong/1bo:1300 (lm)
cach tran h= 0
(m); be mat
lam viec: 0.8 (m)

viec: htt= 2 (m)
ab
9 Ch so a iem: K = h (a + b) =1.85
tt
10 He so bu: d =1.25
11 Ty so treo:
j=
h'
h'+htt
=0
tong =
E tc Sd
=24956 (lm)
U
tong
= 19.19
cacbong / 1bo

% =
tong
.100% = 0.04
Chng 1
sang
Thiet ke chieu

Etb =

Sd
= 156 (lx)
Do cach bo tr cua mat bang xay dng nen khu vc hanh

lang chia ra lam nhieu khu nho. Nhng yeu cau ve chieu
sang va cach bo tr cua cac phan hoan toan tng t nhau
nen tnh gan ung ta co ket qua cac khu vc nho cua
hanh lang nh sau:
a=9
(m);
chieu rong b= 1.6
(m)
chieu cao H = 2.8
(m);
dien tch
S= 14.4
(m2)
5
a=8
(m);
chieu rong b= 1.6
(m)
chieu cao H = 2.8
(m);
dien tch
S= 12.8
(m2)
5
Tong so bo en chieu sang cho khu vc hanh lang la N boen=
30

Khu Lobby, cau thang
a =11
(m);
chieu rong b= 4.5
(m)
chieu cao H = 2.8
(m);
dien tch
S= 49.5
(m2)
2 tran: vang creme
tng: vang nhat
san: gach
He so phan xa tran
He so phan xa tng
He so phan xa san
tr= 0.7
tg= 0.5
lv= 0.2
Chng 1
sang
Thiet ke chieu
3 o roi yeu cau:
Etc= 150 (lx)

(0K) theo o th
ng cong Kruithof.
Ra= 85
Pm=18 (w)
=1300 (lm) Tm=
4000 (0K)
7 Chon bo en:
So en /1 bo:1
quang thong cac
bong/1bo:1300 (lm)
cach tran h= 0
(m); be mat
lam viec: 0.8 (m)

viec: htt= 2 (m)
ab
9 Ch so a iem: K = h (a + b) =1.6
tt
10 He so bu: d =1.25
11 Ty so treo:
j=
h'
h'+htt
=0
tong =
E tc Sd
=14279 (lm)
U
tong
= 10.9
cacbong / 1bo

% =

tong
.100% = 0.001

Etb =

Sd
= 150.2 (lx).
Tnh toan tng t cho cac tang ham, tang 1 va tang mai.
Ta co bang ket qua sau:
Chng 1
sang
Thiet ke chieu
THONG SO KY THUAT HE THONG CHIEU SANG CHO CAC KHONG GIAN
1/ CHIEU SANG TRONG NHA
Tang
(1)
HA
M
V tr
chieu
sang
(2)
Phong
quan
ly1
Phong
quan
ly 2
Phong
at
may
bm
Phong
tu ien
chnh
Khu e
xe
Dien tch
(m2)
o
roi
Yeu
cau
Erc(lux)
(3)
So
bo
e
n
Tong
cong
suat
(KW)
(11)
(12)
Tm( K)
Loai
bong en
Ra
(lm)
Loai
mang
en
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
Ma
hieu
san
pham
(10)
18(3x6)
300
4000
Huynh
quang 36w
85
3450
2 bong
CFR240
0.172
18(3x6)
300
4000
Huynh
quang 36w
85
3450
2 bong
CFR240
0.172
16(4x4)
150
2700
Huynh
quang 36w
85
3250
2 bong
CFR 240
0.086
16(4x4)
150
2700
Huynh
quang 36w
85
3250
2 bong
CFR 240
0.086
1216(42.8x2
8.4)
150
2700
Huynh
quang 36w
85
3250
2 bong
CFR 240
43
3.715
0.015
11
0.11
48
4.356
6.221
Exit
Emergen
cy
Khu
thng
mai
Bong en
(42.8x25.6)
2
3w
mat
2
2x5w
bong
Tong cong suat chieu sang tang Ham P
300
4000
Huynh
85
3450 3 bong
quang 36w
CFR340
Chng 1
sang
O1
Thiet ke chieu
Khu
ve sinh
(10.9x4)
kho
(6.8x4)
Van
phong
02
Hanh
lang
Khu
ve sinh
Lobby,
cau
thang
Thang
may
Exit
Emergen
cy
TAN
G
MAI
Phong
gen ky
thuat
Phong
ky
thuat
thang
may
Compact
85
1300
18w
Huynh
150
2700
85
3450
quang 36w
Tong cong suat chieu sang tang 01 P
150
2700
784.54
300
4000
121.7
150
2700
36
150
2700
49.5
150
2700
150
2700
Huynh
quang 36w
1 bong
3 bong
0.18
0.126
6.527
85
3450
3 bong
85
1300
85
Compact
18w
Huynh
quang 36w
Compact
18w
Compact
18w
CFR340
19
CFR340
42
5.443
1 bong
30
0.54
1300
1 bong
0.144
85
3450
1 bong
CFR340
11
0.475
85
3450
1 bong
CFR140
0.144
2
3w
mat
2
2x5w
bong
Tong cong suat chieu sang tang 02 P
Ghi chu: t tang 03 en tang 14 th chieu sang tng t nh tang 02.
0.09
17
0.17
7.006
7.5x7.5
300
4000
Huynh
quang 36w
85
3450
2 bong
CFR240
0.129
7.5x7.5
300
4000
Huynh
quang 36w
85
3450
2 bong
CFR240
4x3
0.389
Tong cong suat chieu sang tang Mai P
0.518
Chng 1
sang
Thiet ke chieu
Tong cong suat chieu sang trong nha cua toa nha P
102.5
Chng 1
sang
Thiet ke chieu
Chu thch:
Cot (3) dien tch khong gian chieu sang: c o tren
mat bang.
Cot (4) o roi yeu cau Etc: tra bang tieu chuan trong
tai lieu [2].
Cot (5) chon nhiet o mau: da vao o roi yeu cau,
tra tai lieu [2].
Cot (6), (7), (8) tra tai lieu [2].
Cot (9), (10) da vao catalogue Lighting cua Comet [10].
Cot (12) = cot (6) x cot (9) x cot (11)
2/ CHIEU SANG NGOAI NHA
Chc nang
en pha chieu
sang mat ng
trc
en pha chieu
sang mat ng
sau
en pha chieu
sang mat hong
trai
en pha chieu
sang mat hong
phai
en chieu sang
am nen
en trang tr
ap tng loi
vao
en pha chieu
sang bang hieu
en chieu sang
mat tien
en ng
Cong suat
So lng
Tong cong
suat
250w
150w
35
12
8.75
1.8
250w
150w
25
13
6.25
1.95
250w
150w
21
6
5.25
0.9
250w
150w
21
5
5.25
0.75
70w
10
0.7
70w
12
0.84
150w
10
1.5
70w
12
0.84
250w
2.25
Chng 1
sang
Thiet ke chieu
Chng 2
toan
Phu tai tnh
CHNG 2
CHIA NHOM PHU TAI VA XAC NH PHU TAI TNH
TOAN
2.1 LY THUYET VE TNH TOAN PHU TAI:
2.1.5 Xac nh phu tai tnh toan:
a/ Mot so khai niem:
- He so s dung Ksd: la t so cua phu tai tnh toan
trung bnh vi cong suat at hay cong suat nh mc cua
thiet b trong mot khoang thi gian khao sat (gi, ca, hoac
ngay em,)
+ oi vi mot thiet b:
ksd =
Ptb
Pdm
(2.1)
n
Ptbn hom
+ oi vi mot nhom thiet b: Ksd = P

dm
P
i =1
n
tbi
dmi
i =1
k
i =1
sdi
Pdmi
P
i =1
(2.2)
dmi
He so s dung noi len mc s dung, mc o khai

thac cong suat cua thiet b trong khoang thi gian cho xem
xet.
- He so ong thi Kt: la t so gia cong suat tac
dung tnh toan cc ai tai nut khao sat cua he thong cung
cap ien vi tong cac cong suat tac dung tnh toan cc
ai cua cac nhom ho tieu thu rieng biet (hoac cac nhom
thiet b) noi vao nut o:
Chng 2
toan
Phu tai tnh
Ptt
Kt =
P
i =1
(2.3)
tti
He so ong thi phu thuoc vao so cac
phan t n i vao nhom

Kt = 0.9 0.95 khi so phan t n = 24
Kt = 0.8 0.85 khi so phan t n = 510
- He so cc ai Kmax : la t so gia phu tai tnh toan
va phu tai trung bnh trong thi gian xem xet.
Kmax =
(2.4)
Ptt
Ptb
He so cc ai thng c tnh vi ca lam
viec co phu tai ln nhat.

He so Kmax phu thuoc vao so thiet b hieu qua nhq
(hoac Nhq), vao he so s dung va hang loat cac yeu to
khac ac trng cho che o lam viec cua cac thiet b ien
trong nhom. Trong thc te khi tnh toan thiet ke ngi ta chon
Kmax theo ng cong Kmax= f(Ksd,nhq), hoac tra trong cac bang
cam nang tra cu.
- So thiet b hieu qua nhq:
Gia thiet co mot nhom gom n thiet b co cong
suat va che o lam viec khac nhau. Khi o ta nh ngha n hq
la mot so quy oi gom co n hq thiet b co cong suat nh
mc va che o lam viec nh nhau va tao nen phu tai tnh
toan bang vi phu tai tieu thu thc do n thiet b tieu thu
tren.
n
nhq =
( Pdmi ) 2
i =1
n
( P
i =1
(2.5)
dmi
)2
Chng 2
toan
Phu tai tnh
- He so nhu cau Knc: la t so gia cong suat tnh toan

(trong ieu kien thiet ke) hoac cong suat tieu thu
(trong ieu kien van hanh) vi cong suat at (cong
suat nh mc) cua nhom ho tieu thu.
Knc =
Ptt
Ptt Ptb
=
.
= Kmax .Ksd
Pdm
Pdm Ptn
(2.6)
b/ Cac phng phap xac nh phu tai tnh toan:
Muc ch cua viec tnh toan phu tai ien tai cac nut
nham:
- Chon tiet dien day dan cua li cung cap va
phan phoi ien ap t di 1000V tr len.
- Chon so lng va cong suat may bien ap.
- Chon tiet dien thanh dan cua thiet b phan phoi.
- Chon cac thiet b chuyen mach va bao ve.
Sau ay la mot vai phng phap xac nh PTTT thng
dung:
- Xac nh PTTT theo suat tieu hao ien nang theo n v san
pham :
oi vi ho tieu thu co o th phu tai thc te khong
thay oi, PTTT bang phu tai trung bnh va c xac nh theo
suat tieu hao ien nang tren mot n v san pham khi cho
trc tong san pham san xuat trong mot n v thi gian.
Ptt = Pca =
M ca .Wo
Tca
(2.7)
Trong o: Mca - So lng san pham san xuat trong mot
ca.
Tca -Thi gian cua ca phu tai ln nhat.
W0- Suat tieu hao ien nang cho mot n v
san pham.
Chng 2
toan
Phu tai tnh
Khi biet W0 va tong san pham san xuat trong ca mot

nam, PTTT c tnh theo cong thc sau:
Ptt =
A
Tlv max
Wo .M
Tlv max
(kW)
(2.8)
Vi Tlvmax[gi] : thi gian s dung cong suat ln
nhat trong nam.
- Xac nh phu tai tnh toan theo suat phu tai tnh tren mot
n v san xuat:
Neu phu tai tnh toan xac nh cho ho tieu thu co dien
tch F, suat phu tai tren mot n v la P0 th
Ptt = P0.F
(2.9)
(kW)
Vi: P0 : Suat phu tai tren mot n v dien tch
san xuat (kW/m2). Trong thiet ke s bo co the lay theo so

lieu trong cac bang tham khao.
F : Dien tch bo tr nhom, ho tieu thu (m2).
Phng phap nay dung e tnh phu tai cua cac phan
xng co mat o may moc phan bo tng oi eu.
- Xac nh phu tai theo cong suat at (P ) va he so nhu cau
(Knc):
Phu tai tnh toan c xac nh bi cong thc:
n
Ptt =knc . Pdmi

i =1
(kW)
Qtt =Ptt .tg
(2.10)
(kVAr)
(2.11)
Trong cong thc tren :
knc : he so nhu cau, tra so tay ky thuat theo
cac so lieu thong ke cua cac x nghiep, phan xng tng
ng.
cos he so cong suat tnh toan tra so tay ky
thuat t o tnh c tg . Neu he so cos cua cac thiet
Chng 2
toan
Phu tai tnh
b trong nhom khong giong nhau th ta phai tnh he so cos

trung bnh cua nhom theo cong thc sau:
n
costb =
Cos .P
i
i =1
dmi
(2.12)
Pdmi
- Xac nh phu tai tnh toan theo he so Kmax va Ptb (con goi la
phng phap so thiet b hieu qua hay phng phap sap xep bieu
o):
Cong thc tnh toan:
Ptt = Pca = Kmax.Ksd.Pm
Hay
Ptt = Knc.Pm.
(2.13)
Cac bc tnh toan:
- Tnh so thiet b hieu qua theo cong thc (2.5).
- Tnh he so s dung cua nhom thiet b theo cong thc
(2.2).
- Xet cac trng hp:
n
+ Neu nhq < 4 va n < 4 : Ptt =
dmi
i =1
(2.14)
+ Neu nhq < 4 va n 4 : Ptt =
P
i =1
dmi
.Kpti
(2.15)
Vi Kpti la he so phu tai cua thiet b th i. Co
the lay gan ung:
Kpt = 0.75 (Che o lam viec ngan han)
Kpt = 0.90 (Che o lam viec dai han)
+ Neu nhq 4:
-Tm Kmax theo nhq va Ksd.
Chng 2
toan
Phu tai tnh
-Xac nh PTTT theo cong thc:

Ptt = Kmax. Ksd. Pm = Kmax. Ptb
(2.16)
Qtt = 1.1Qtb (Neu nhq 10) = Qtb (Neu nhq >10).
Trong o Ptb va Qtb la cong suat tac dung va cong
suat phan khang trung bnh cua nhom:
Qtb = Ptb.tgtb
Ptb = Ksd.Pm
vi costb tnh theo cong thc (2.12).
(2.17)
+ Phu tai tnh toan cua nhom :
- Vi tu ong lc: Stt = Ptt 2 + Qtt 2
(2.18)
- Vi tu phan phoi:
n
Pttpp = Kt. Pttdl

i =1
n
Qttpp =Kt. Qttdl
(2.19)
i =1
Sttpp =
Pttpp + Qttpp
Trong o Kt la he so ong thi, chon theo so

nhom i vao tu.
Neu co phu tai chieu sang i vao tu th phai cong them
cac gia tr Pcs va Qcs ,vao Ptt va Qtt trong
cac cong thc
tren.
- Dong ien tnh toan : Itt =
S tt
3.U dm
(2.20)
+ Xac nh phu tai nh nhon:
Phu tai nh nhon la phu tai cc ai xuat hien trong
thi gian ngan (trong khoang mot vai giay). Phu tai nh
nhon thng c tnh di dang dong ien nh nhon (I n).
Chng 2
toan
Phu tai tnh
Dong ien nay thng c dung e kiem tra sut ap khi

m may, tnh toan chon cac thiet b bao ve
oi vi mot may moc, thiet b th dong nh nhon la
dong m may. Con oi vi nhom thiet b th dong nh
nhon xuat hien khi may co dong ien m may ln nhat
trong nhom khi ong, con cac may khac lam viec bnh
thng. Do o dong nh nhon c tnh theo cong thc sau:
In = Ik = Kmm.Im (oi vi mot thiet b).
= Ikmax+ Itt Ksd.Immax (oi vi mot nhom thiet b).
(2.21)
Trong o: Kmm la he so m may :
+Vi ong c KB, rotor long soc K mm = 57
+ ong c DC hoac KB rotor day quan K mm =
2.5
+ oi vi MBA va lo ho quang th Kmm 3.
Ikmax va Ksd la dong khi ong va he so s
dung cua thiet b co dong khi ong ln nhat trong nhom.
Itt la dong ien tnh toan cua nhom.
- Phng phap tnh Ptt theo he so s dung ksd (theo nh ngha
cua IEC) va he so ong thi kt
n
Ptt= Kt
K
i =1
sdi
Pdmi
(2.22)
V Citilight Tower la mot cao oc van phong trung tam
thng mai nen phu tai cua no co nhng iem ac trng
rieng va tac gia nhan thay phng phap tnh toan phu tai
theo he so s dung Ksd va he so ong thi Kt phu hp vi
yeu cau ve thiet ke cung cap ien cho toa nha at ra.
Chnh v vay phng phap tnh cong suat phu tai tnh toan trong
luan van la tnh theo phng phap he so s dung K sd va he so
ong thi Kt .
Chng 2
toan
Phu tai tnh
2.2 TNH TOAN PHU TAI

TNH TOAN IEU HOA KHONG KH TRUNG TAM
(cac so lieu dien tch o c tren mat
bang)
Tan
g
V tr
ieu hoa
01
Tang 1
02
Van
phong
Hanh
lang
Khu ve
sinh
Khu
Lobby
MAY LANH: cos = 0.74, Ksd = 0.7

ieu hoa khong kh trung tam
Dien
Tieu
Cong
Chieu
tch
chuan
suat
cao (m)
(m2)
ieu hoa
(Hp)
1010.56
40m3/Hp
784.54
4.2
40m3/Hp
121.7
4.2
60m3/Hp
36
4.2
60m /Hp
49.5
4.2
60m3/Hp
Tong cong
suat (Hp)
=151.584 Hp
82.376
=96.88 Hp
14.504
Van
784.54
2.8
40m3/Hp
54.918
phong
Hanh
121.7
2.8
60m3/Hp
lang
03
=64.59 Hp
Khu ve
3
36
2.8
60m /Hp
9.67
sinh
Khu
49.5
2.8
60m3/Hp
Lobby
Ghi chu: ieu hoa khong kh cac tang khac, t tang 4 en tang 14 eu
tng t nh tang 3.
Tong cong suat ieu hoa khong kh trung tam cua toa nha:
151.584 + 96.88 + 64.59 x 12 = 1023.544 Hp = 767.658 KW
Chng 2
toan
Tang
Phu tai tnh
Tuyen
Nhom
day
HAM
L1
L2
1
L3
L4
L5
2
P1
P2
P3
P4
Thong so ien
Chc nang
Chieu
sang tang
ham
Chieu
sang tang
ham
Chieu
sang tang
ham
Chieu
sang tang
ham
Chieu
sang
khan cap
Cap
nguon cho
he thong
am thanh
Cap
nguon cho
he thong
ien thoai
Cap
nguon cho
he thong
mang
Cap
nguon cho
He so
ph
a
cos
P(kw)
Ksd
220
0.6
1.037
0.9
220
0.6
1.037
0.9
220
0.6
1.037
0.9
220
0.6
1.123
0.9
220
0.6
0.125
0.9
Ksdnho
Cong suat
Kt
P(kw)
S(kva)
0.95
4.35
9
7.265
0.72
0.9
380
0.8
0.8
380
0.8
0.8
380
0.8
0.8
380
0.7
0.8
27.9
9
38.34
Chng 2
toan
Phu tai tnh
P5
P6
Tang
S1
Nhom
Tuyen
day
S2
HAM
S3
S4
S5
01
L1
L2
L3
he thong
bao chay
Bm nc
tang ham
Bm nc
tang ham
O cam
oi
P.ieu
khien
Chc nang
o cam
oi phong
tong ai
T
o cam
oi phong
quan ly
1&2
o cam
n
hanh lang
o cam
oi
en chieu
sang khu
vc Lobby
en chieu
sang khu
vc
traitrc
en chieu
sang khu
vc trai
380
0.7
7.4
380
0.7
14.8
220
0.8
Thong so ien
V
ph cos
P(kw)
a
0.6
5
0.6
5
0.8
0.8
0.2
2.56
Ksd
He so
Ksdnho
3.2
Kt
Cong suat
P(kw) S(kva)
0.8
0.2
2.56
3.2
0.95
6.69
6
11.16
220
0.8
0.8
220
0.8
0.8
220
0.8
0.8
220
0.8
0.8
220
0.6
1.296
0.9
220
0.6
1.166
0.9
220
0.6
1.166
0.9
Chng 2
toan
Phu tai tnh
L4
L5
L6
L7
sau
en chieu
sang khu
vc
phai trc
en chieu
sang khu
vc
phai sau
en chieu
sang khu
vc phu
tr
en chieu
sang
khan cap
220
0.6
1.296
0.9
220
0.6
1.296
0.9
220
0.6
0.306
0.9
220
0.6
0.17
0.9
Chng 2
toan
Tang
Phu tai tnh
Nhom
2
Tuyen
day
S1
S2
S3
01
S4
S5
S6
02
1
L1
L2
L3
Chc nang
o cam
ien khu
vc Lobby
o cam
ien khu
vc
trai trc
o cam
ien khu
vc
trai sau
o cam
ien khu
vc
phai trc
o cam
ien khu
vc
phai sau
o cam
ien khu
vc
phu tr
en chieu
sang
khu vc
Lobby
en chieu
sang
khu vc
hanh lang
en chieu
Thong so ien
V
ph cos
P(kw)
a
Ksd
220
0.8
0.8
220
0.8
0.8
220
0.8
0.8
220
0.8
0.8
220
0.8
0.8
220
0.8
0.8
220
0.6
0.324
0.9
220
0.6
0.54
0.9
220
0.6
0.17
0.9
He so
Ksdnhom
Kt
Cong suat
P(kw) S(kva)
0.8
0.2
3.84
4.8
0.95
1.28
6
2.143
Chng 2
toan
Phu tai tnh

sang
khan cap
Chng 2
toan
Tang
Phu tai tnh
Nhom
Tuyen
day
02
L4
1
L5
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
3
S1
Chc nang
en chieu
sang
khu vc
ve sinh
n
en chieu
sang
khu vc
ve sinh
nam
en chieu
sang
van
phong
en chieu
sang
van
phong
en chieu
sang
van
phong
en chieu
sang
van
phong
en chieu
sang
van
phong
o cam
ien khu
Thong so ien
V
ph cos P(kw)
a
220
0.6
0.126
Ksd
He so
Ksdnho
Kt
Cong suat
P(kw) S(kva)
0.9
220
0.6
0.126
0.9
220
0.6
1.036
0.9
220
0.6
1.036
0.9
220
0.6
1.036
0.9
220
0.6
1.166
0.9
220
0.6
1.166
0.9
220
0.8
0.8
0.95
1.28
6
2.143
0.95
5.44
9.066
0.8
0.2
3.84
4.8
Chng 2
toan
Phu tai tnh
S2
Tang
Nhom
Tuyen
day
S3
S4
02
3
S5
S6
TANG
MAI
1
L1
L2
L3
vc
trung tam
o cam
ien khu
vc
trai trc
Chc nang
o cam
ien khu
vc
trai sau
o cam
ien khu
vc
phai trc
o cam
ien khu
vc
phai sau
o cam
ien khu
vc
phu tr
Chieu
sang
phong ky
thuat
tang mai
Chieu
sang
phong ky
thuat
tang mai
Chieu
220
0.8
Thong so ien
V
ph cos P(kw)
a
0.8
Ksd
He so
Ksdnho
Kt
Cong suat
P(kw) S(kva)
0.8
0.2
3.84
4.8
0.95
0.38
7
0.645
220
0.8
0.8
220
0.8
0.8
220
0.8
0.8
220
0.8
0.8
220
0.6
0.129
0.9
220
0.6
0.129
0.9
220
0.6
0.129
0.9
Chng 2
toan
Phu tai tnh
P1
2
P2
sang
phong ky
thuat
tang mai
Cap
nguon cho
thiet b
tang mai
Cap
nguon cho
may lanh
phong ky
thuat
tang mai
220
0.8
2.816
0.8
0.8
220
0.8
2.288
0.8
0.3
1.22
5
1.531
Chng 2
toan
Phu tai tnh
Tang
Tuyen
day
Nhom
S1
TANG
MAI
S2
S3
Chc nang
o cam
ien
phong ky
thuat
tang mai
o cam
ien
phong ky
thuat
tang mai
o cam
ien
phong ky
thuat
tang mai
Thong so ien
V
pha cos P(kw
)
Ksd
22
0
0.8
0.8
22
0
0.8
0.8
22
0
0.8
0.8
He so
Ksdnhom
Kt
Cong suat
P(kw) S(kva)
0.8
0.2
1.92
TNH TOAN PHU TAI TANG HAM:

- Nhom 1:
n
costb =
Cos .P
i
i =1
dmi
= 0.6;
P = 4.359 KW; Ksdnhom = 1;
Kt = 1.
Pdmi
Ptt = P, Ksdnhom. Ksd = 4.359 KW

Qtt = Ptt.tgtb = 5.812 KVAr.
Stt =
P 2 tt + Q 2 tt =
Ptt
= 7.265KVA
cos tb
Nhom 2: tng t nh tnh toan nhom 1, ta co ket qua sau:
2.4
Chng 2
toan
Phu tai tnh

n
costb = 0.73
P = 43.2 KW
Ksdnhom =
K
i =1
sd i
.Pdmi
Pdmi
= 0.72
Kt = 0.9
Ptt = P, Ksdnhom. Ksd = 27.993 KW.

Stt = 38.34 KVA.
-
Nhom 3: tng t nh tnh toan nhom 1, ta co ket qua sau:

n
costb = 0.8
P = 16 KW
Ksdnhom =
K
i =1
sd i
.Pdmi
Pdmi
= 0.8
Kt = 0.2
Ptt = P, Ksdnhom. Ksd = 2.56 KW.

Stt = 3.2 KVA.
Ta co ket qua tnh toan phu tai tang ham sau:
n
costb =
Cosi .Pdmi
= 0.74
Ptt
= 47.178
Ptt = 34.912 KW Stt =
cos tb
Ksd =
sd i
.Pdmi
= 0.76
Pdmi
Pdmi
Tnh toan phu tai cua cac tang khac tng t nh tnh toan phu tai tang ham va ta co bang ket qua
nh tren.
i =1
i =1
Chng 2
toan
Nhom
1
Cos=0.75
Phu tai tnh
Tuyen
day
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
P7
P8
P9
P10
P11
P12
P13
P14
P15
Thong so ien
Chc nang
Tu ien tang 1
T-T1
Tu ien tang 2
T-T2
Tu ien tang 3
T-T3
Tu ien tang 4
T-T4
Tu ien tang 5
T-T5
Tu ien tang 6
T-T6
Tu ien tang 7
T-T7
Tu ien tang 8
T-T8
Tu ien tang 9
T-T9
Tu ien tang
10
T-T10
Tu ien tang
11
T-T11
Tu ien tang
12
T-T12
Tu ien tang
13
T-T13
Tu ien tang
14
T-T14
Cau dao cach ly
He so
pha
cos
380
0.76
380
0.76
380
0.76
380
0.76
380
0.76
380
0.76
380
0.76
380
0.76
380
0.76
380
0.76
10.56
6
0.84
380
0.76
10.56
6
0.84
380
0.76
10.56
6
0.84
380
0.76
10.56
6
0.84
380
0.76
10.56
6
0.84
380
0.7
35
0.7
P(kw)
10.53
6
10.56
6
10.56
6
10.56
6
10.56
6
10.56
6
10.56
6
10.56
6
10.56
6
Ksd
0.84
0.84
0.84
0.84
0.84
0.84
0.84
0.84
0.84
Ksdnho
m
0.81
Cong suat
Kt
0.95
P(kw)
S(kva)
163.40
3
217.87
Chng 2
toan
2
Cos=0.74
Phu tai tnh
P16
P17
P18
P19
P20
P21
P22
3
Cos=0.74
P23
P24
P25
P26
P27
4
Cos=0.74
P28
P29
thang may so 1
ISO-TM-1
Chiller so 1
Chiller so 2
Tu ieu khien
he thong HKK
Tu ien tang
ham
T-H
Tu ien tang
mai
T-M
Tu ien
bm dau Diezel
T-BD
Tu ien
bm cha chay
T-BCC
Tu ien quat
tang ap
T-QTA
Tu ien
quat hut khoi
T-QHK
Tu ien
quat hut tang
ham
T-QHTH
Tu ien
bm nc sinh
hoat
T-BNSH
Tu ien
bm nc thai
T-BNT
Chiller so 3
Cau dao cach ly
thang may so 2
ISO-TM-2
380
380
3
3
0.74
0.74
256
256
0.7
0.7
380
0.74
297
0.7
380
0.74
63.55
9
0.76
380
0.79
17.49
1
0.8
380
0.7
3.5
0.65
380
0.7
42
0.65
380
0.8
24
0.65
380
0.8
0.65
380
0.8
0.65
380
0.7
35
0.65
380
0.7
35
0.65
380
380
3
3
0.74
0.7
256
35
0.7
0.7
0.7
566.3
765.27
0.69
0.8
128.36
7
175.84
0.69
0.7
180.37
6
240.50
Chng 2
toan
Phu tai tnh
P30
Tu ien chieu
sang ben
ngoai
T-CSBN
380
0.8
37.03
Chng 2
toan
Phu tai tnh
He so cong suat cua toan bo toa nha: Cos=0.74.

Tong cong suat tac dung tnh toan Ptt = 1038.446 KW.
Tong cong suat bieu kien cua toa nha: S= 1403.3 KVA.
Tong
cong
suat
phong:
Sdp=240
KVA
(P=180
KW,
cos=0.74).
Tong cong suat tnh toan cua toan bo cong trnh: P tt =
1218.446 KW.
Tong cong suat bieu kien cua toan bo cong trnh:
S=1646.54 KVA.
Chng 5
bien ap
Thiet ke tram
CHNG 3
BU CONG SUAT PHAN KHANG
3.1 TONG QUAN VE GIA TR HE SO CONG SUAT VA BU
CONG SUAT:
He so cong suat cos (hoac PF) la t so gia cong
suat tac dung P(KW) va cong suat bieu kien S(KVA). He so
cong suat ln nhat bang 1 va he so cong suat cang ln
cang co li cho nganh ien lan khach hang; v khi o P = S,
toan bo cong suat ien phat ra se c tieu thu bi phu
tai ien ma khong co bat ky ton that nao.
P ( KW )
Cos= S ( KVA) = PF
(3.1)
He thong ien xoay chieu cung cap hai dang nang
lng:
-
Nang lng tac dung o theo n v kilowatt.gi(kw.h).

Nang lng nay c chuyen sang cong c hoc, nhiet,
anh sang,
Nang lng phan khang. Dang nang lng nay c

chia lam hai loai:
+ Nang lng yeu cau bi mach co tnh cam
(may bien ap, ong c ien,)
+ Nang lng yeu cau bi mach co tnh dung (ien
dung day cap, tu cong suat,).
Theo thong ke ta co cac so lieu sau[3]:

-
ong c khong ong bo, chung tieu thu khoang 60

65% tong cong suat phan khang cua mang.
May bien ap tieu thu khoang 20 25%.
ng day tren khong, ien khang va cac thiet b

ien khac tieu thu khoang 10%.
Nh vay ong c khong ong bo va may bien ap la

hai loai may ien tieu thu nhieu cong suat phan khang
Chng 5
bien ap
Thiet ke tram
nhat. Cong suat tac dung P la cong suat c bien thanh

c nang hoac nhiet nang trong cac may dung ien; con
cong suat phan khang Q la cong suat t hoa trong cac
may ien xoay chieu, no khong sinh ra cong.
V vay e tranh truyen tai mot lng Q kha ln tren ng
day, ngi ta at gan cac ho dung ien cac may sinh ra Q
(tu ien, may bu ong bo) e cung cap trc tiep cho phu tai,
lam nh vay c goi la bu cong suat phan khang. Khi bu
cong suat phan khang th goc lech pha gia dong ien va
ien ap trong mach se nho i, do o he so cong suat cos
cua mang c nang cao, gia P va Q va goc co quan he
sau:
P
= arctg Q
(3.2)
Khi lng P khong oi, nh co bu cong suat phan khang,
lng Q truyen tai tren ng day giam xuong, do o goc
giam, ket qua la cos tang len.
He so cong suat cos c nang len se a en nhng
hieu qua sau ay:
1/ Giam c ton that cong suat trong mang ien.
2/ Giam c ton that ien ap trong mang ien.
3/ Tang kha nang truyen tai cua ng day va may
bien ap.
3.2 CAC BIEN PHAP NANG CAO HE SO CONG SUAT COS:
3.3 V TR AT THIET B BU:
Viec tnh toan nh mc bu toi u cho mot mang a ton tai
co the thc hien theo nhng lu y sau:
-
Tien ien trc khi at tu bu.
Tien ien sau khi at tu bu.
Cac chi ph bao gom:
Chng 5
bien ap
Thiet ke tram
+ Mua tu bu va mach ieu khien ( contactor, relay,

tu hp bo).
+ Lap at va bao tr.
+ Ton that trong tu va ton that tren day cap,
may bien ap sau khi lap at tu bu.
T nhng phan tch tren tac gia chon phng an bu cong suat
phan khang cho cong trnh.
Chng 5
bien ap
Thiet ke tram
3.4 TNH TOAN BU CONG SUAT PHAN KHANG:

He so cong suat cua cong trnh trc khi bu: cos1=0.74.
Tong cong suat tac dung tnh toan cua cong trnh :
Ptt=1218.446 KW.
Cong suat bieu kien cua cong trnh trc khi bu: S 1=1646.54
KVA.
He so cong suat cua cong trnh sau khi bu: cos2=0.87.
Cong suat phan khang can phai bu e at c cos2=0.87
la:
Qbu=
Ptt.(tg1-tg2)
1218.446
[tg(arcos0.74)
tg(arcos0.87)]= 420 KVAr.

Vay Qbu= 420 KVAr.
Cong suat bieu kien cua cong trnh sau khi bu:
Ta co cong suat phan khang trc khi bu:
Q1= Ptt.tg1=1218.446 x tg(arcos0.74) = 1107.48 KVAr.
Cong suat phan khang sau khi bu:
Q2 = Q1 Qbu = 1107.48 420 = 687.48 KVAr.
Cong suat bieu kien cua cong trnh sau khi bu:
S2 =
P 2 tt + Q 2 2 = 1218.446 2 + 687.48 2 = 1400 KVA.
Chon thiet b bu la tu ien bu do Lien Xo (cu) che tao:

8 bo x 50 KVAr + 1 bo 20 KVAr
Loai 3:
Cong
suat
nh
mc
Pm
(KVAr)
ien
dung
C (F)
Kieu
che
tao
Chieu
cao H
(mm)
Khoi
lng
(kg)
0.38
50
1102
Ba pha
725
60
0.38
20
442
Ba pha
472
30
ien
ap
Loai
nh
tu ien
mc
Ucm (KV)
KC20.38-503Y3
KC10.38-20Y1
Chng 5
bien ap
Thiet ke tram
Nh vay sau khi tnh toan c lng cong suat phan khang
can bu cho toa nha, ta co bang tong ket sau:
He so cong suat cua toan bo toa nha: Cos=0.74.
Tong cong suat tac dung tnh toan Ptt = 1038.446 KW.
Tong cong suat cua toa nha: S= 1403.3 KVA.
Tong cong suat d phong:
Sdp=240 KVA (P=180 KW,
cos=0.74).
Tong cong suat tnh toan cua toan bo cong trnh: P tt =
1218.446 KW.
Tong cong suat toan bo cong trnh: S=1646.54 KVA.
Bu he so cong suat len Cos= 0.87
. Qbu=420 KVAR.
Cong suat toan bo cong trnh sau khi bu: Ssaubu= 1400 KVA.
CHNG 4
NGUON D PHONG
4.1 MAY PHAT D PHONG
Cac phu tai can c cung cap ien t may phat d
phong cua toa nha Citilight Tower la:
-
Nhom 1 (tu ien tang 1 > 14 + thang may so 1)

217.87 KVA.
Nhom 3 (he thong bm, quat, tu ien tang ham,

tang mai) 175.84 KVA
He thong ieu hoa khong kh 242.16 KVA..
Tong cong suat ma may phat d phong phai cung cap cho
toa nha la:
636 KVA.
Cu the nh sau:
-
V ay la toa nha van phong thng mai cao cap

nen he thong chieu sang oi hoi phai c am
Chng 5
bien ap
Thiet ke tram
bao lien tuc. Mat khac phu tai chieu sang, he

thong cap nguon cho mang, ien thoai, o cam cua
toan bo toa nha tieu thu mot lng cong suat
khong cao 175.78 KVA. Chnh v vay ta quyet nh cung
cap ien cho toan bo cho toan bo he thong nay
t may phat d phong trong trng hp li ien
quoc gia khong the cung cap cho toa nha.
-
He thong quat, bm phuc vu cho nhng nhu cau sinh

hoat thiet yeu cua con ngi. Cong suat ma phu tai
quat va bm tieu thu khong cao 175.195 KVA nen ta
quyet nh cung cap toan bo cong suat quat bm t
may phat d phong.
He thong ieu hoa khong kh la mot phu tai tieu

thu cong suat cao nhat cua toa nha. Chnh v ieu
nay ta can phai can nhac ky trong viec cung cap
ien cho he thong ieu hoa khong kh t nguon d
phong. Ta ch cho mot chiller (cong suat 242.16 KVA)
hoat ong e ieu hoa khong kh nhng ni that
s can thiet trong toa nha nh cac phong hoi ngh,
phong hop
V ay la toa nha 14 tang nen viec di chuyen trong

toa nha can phai co s tr giup cua thang may.
Chnh v vay ta quyet nh cung cap ien cho 1 he
thong thang may (cong suat 50 KVA) t nguon ien
cua may phat d phong.
Chon may phat d phong co cong suat la 640 KVA.

Perkins 2800 640 KVA Generator.
Company Name: International Power Generation Ltd.
4.2 BO CHUYEN OI NGUON T ONG ATS AUTOMATIC
TRANSFER SWITCH
CHNG 5
Chng 5
bien ap
Thiet ke tram
THIET KE TRAM BIEN AP

5.1 TONG QUAN VE THIET KE TRAM BIEN AP
5.2 TNH TOAN TRAM BIEN AP

S (KVA)
1400
100%
80%
1120
70%
980
60%
840
40%
560
420
280
70%
30%
20%
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
t (h)
o th phu tai Citilight

Tower
5.2.1 Trng hp tram bien ap co 1 may bien ap:

+ Tnh toan chon may bien ap da vao ieu kien kiem tra qua
tai bnh thng:
Tnh toan qua tai bnh thng:
ang tr o th phu tai (tpt) nhieu bac ve o th phu
tai tng ng co 2 bac sao cho nhiet lng tao ra trong may
bien ap (MBA) la nh nhau:
Trnh t tnh toan:
-
Bc 1: Can c vao tpt qua MBA co cong suat S B sao

cho Smin< SB< Smax.
Bc 2: Trong cac vung qua tai chon vung co Si2Ti

ln nhat e tnh S2t.
Chng 5
bien ap
Thiet ke tram
(S T ) .
T
2
Bc 3: Tnh S2t theo bieu thc: S2t=
i i
i
(5.1)
+ Neu S2t > 0.9 Smax th S2=S2t, T2=Ti.
+ Neu S2t 0.9 Smax th S2=0.9 Smax va
(S
T=
2
T)
i i
( 0.9S max ) 2
(5.2)
Bc 4: Chon 10 h trc vung tnh S2 e tnh S1
(S
S1=
T)
i i
10
(5.3)
Bc 5: Tnh K1, K2 theo bieu thc
K1=
S1
;
SB
K 2=
S2
SB
(5.4)
Bc 6: T K1 va T2 va tnh c tra ng cong qua
tai cho phep cua MBA e tm K2cp.

+ Neu K2cp> K2 th MBA a chon co the van hanh
qua tai c.
+ Neu K2cp< K2 th chon MBA co cong suat ln hn.
Da vao trnh t tnh toan tren ta thc hien viec chon MBA
cho toa nha Citilight Tower.
Chon may bien ap co cong suat la SB = 1250 KVA.
Ta co cac vung qua tai sau:
Vung qua tai (t=14h-18h): S22T2= 14002 x 4 = 7840000
(S T
T
2
Ta co
S2t=
=1400 KVA.
S2t > 0.9 Smax th S2=S2t=1400 KVA, T2=Ti=4 h.

S1=
(S
10
T )
2 2
= 885.43 KVA
Chng 5
bien ap
Thiet ke tram
K1=
S1
885.43
=
= 0.71
SB
1250
; K 2=
S2
1400
=
=1.12
SB
1250
T K1 va T2 va tnh c tra ng cong qua tai cho phep

cua MBA [2]e tm K2cp => K2cp=1.17 > K2 = 1.12.
Vay MBA a chon co the van hanh ieu kien qua tai
bnh thng.
Tng t, ta chon 1 may bien ap co cong suat SB = 1000 KVA.
Ta co cac vung qua tai sau:
Vung qua tai 1
(t = 8 h 12h): S21T1= 11202 x 4 =
5017600.
Vung qua tai 2 (t=14h-18h): S22T2= 14002 x 4 = 7840000.
Ta co : S21T1 < S22T2. Vay chon vung qua tai 2 e tnh S2t.
(S T
T
2
Ta co
S2t=
=1400 KVA.
S2t > 0.9 Smax th S2=S2t=1400 KVA, T2=Ti=4 h.

S1=
K1=
(S
T )
2 2
10
=885.43 KVA
S1
885.43
=
= 0.88
SB
1000
; K 2=
S2
=1.4
SB
T K1 va T2 va tnh c tra ng cong qua tai cho phep

cua MBA [2]e tm K2cp => K2cp=1.19 < K2 = 1.4.
Vay may bien ap khong the van hanh ieu kien qua
tai bnh thng.
Chon may bien ap co SB = 1250 KVA cho toa nha Citilight
Tower.
Chon may bien ap co cac thong so sau:
May bien ap ba pha hai cuon day quan do Viet Nam che tao
(THIBIDI).
ien ap 15 KV, 22 KV 2 x 2.5% / 0.4 KV. To au day /0 -11.
Con
Dong ien
nh mc
suat
(A)
Thong so ky
thuat
Trong lng
Kch thc
(kg)
(mm)
Chng 5
bien ap
Thiet ke tram
I1
Cuo
I2
n
da
nh
22
mc
15
(KVA) (KV) (KV)
0.4
P0
(KV)
(W)
I0
(%
)
PN
(W)
UN
da
to
ro
da
(%
va
ng
ng
loi
100
550
149
230
266
cao
the
1250
32.
48.
1804
180
1.
1500
6.
p
290
.2
5.2.2 Trng hp tram bien ap co 2 may bien ap:

+ Tnh toan chon may bien ap da vao ieu kien kiem tra qua
tai s co::
Trnh t tnh toan:
-
Bc 1: Chon may bien ap co cong suat S B sao cho

Kqtsc.SB Smax hay SB
S max
K dtsc
(5.5)
-
Bc 2: Kiem tra ieu kien T2 < 6h.
Bc 3: Kiem tra ieu kien K1 < 0.93.

(*)
Da vao trnh t tnh toan tren ta thc hien viec chon MBA
cho toa nha Citilight Tower.
- Ta co
S max
1400
= 1076 KVA . (Kqtsc =1.3 v may bien ap c
=
K dtsc
1.3
at trong nha).
Do may bien ap c san xuat vi cac thang cach xa nhau,
ch co 2 loai may gan vi cap cong suat 1076 KVA la 1000
KVA va 1250 KVA. V vay th chon may bien ap co cong
suat SB = 1000 KVA e tnh toan th.
-
Kiem tra ieu kien ve T 2: co 2 vung qua tai, nhng

ca 2 eu co thi gian qua tai la T 2 =4h < 6h => thoa
ieu kien nay.
Chng 5
bien ap
Thiet ke tram
Kiem tra ieu kien K1:

980 2 x 2 + 1120 2 x 4 + 840 2 x1 + 560 2 x3
= 926.54 KVA
10
S1t =
K1 =
S1dt
926.54
=
= 0.926 < 0.93 => thoa ieu kien (*)
S dmB
1000
Vay tram bien ap cua toa nha Citilight Tower gom co 2 may
bien ap co cong suat moi may la 1000 KVA.
Chon may bien ap co cac thong so sau:
May bien ap ba pha hai cuon day quan do Viet Nam che tao
(THIBIDI).
ien ap 15 KV, 22 KV 2 x 2.5% / 0.4 KV. To au day /0 -11.
Dong ien
Thong so ky
nh mc
I1
(kg)
(mm)
Cuo
I2
suat
da
nh
mc
Kch thc
thuat
(A)
Con
Trong lng
22
15
(KVA) (KV) (KV)
0.4
P0
(KV)
(W)
I0
(%
)
PN
(W)
UN
da
to
ro
da
(%
va
ng
ng
loi
92
422
157
195
255
cao
the
1000
26.
38.
1443
215
1.
1200
5.
p
238
.4
Chng 5
bien ap
Thiet ke tram
5.2.3 So sanh hai phng an:

+ Ve kinh te:
Phng an tram co 1 may bien ap:
-
Tien mua may bien ap 1250 KVA: 270.226.000
So lng dao cach ly: 4 cai.
So lng may cat: 2 cai.
Dien tch xay dng tram bien ap: 9 m2.

Tien mua may bien ap 1000 KVA: 249.180.000 x 2 =

498.360.000 .
So lng dao cach ly: 8 cai.
So lng may cat: 4 cai.
Dien tch xay dng tram bien ap: 16 m2.
+ Ve ky thuat:
Vi nhng phan tch tren ta chon phng an la s dung 2
may bien ap trong tram vi cong suat moi may la 1000 KVA e
cung cap ien cho toa nha.
Phan la chon so lng may bien ap cho tram ay ta
khong xet en phng an 3 may bien ap, v nh ta a biet
hau nh tat ca cac tram bien ap trong thc te khong ai
thiet ke 3 may bien ap cho 1 tram. V nhng ly do sau:
+ Ton kem ve mat kinh te.
+ Kho khan trong viec van hanh, sa cha va
bao tr.
+ Mat du phng an nay am bao tnh lien tuc
va o tin cay trong cung cap ien rat cao nhng trng
hp nay, toa nha Citilight Tower khong oi hoi qua cao ve
yeu cau nay.
Chnh v nhng ly do tren nen tac gia khong liet ke phng
an 3 may bien ap trong so sanh la chon cac phng an.
Chng 6
b bao ve
Chon day dan va thiet
CHNG 6
CHON DAY DAN VA THIET B BAO VE
6.1 THIET KE HE THONG DAY DAN
6.1.1 La chon day dan:
Co nhieu phng phap tnh toan chon day dan nh:
- Chon day dan theo mat o dong kinh te:[6]
F=
I lv
j kt
(6.1)
Trong o: F tiet dien day dan (mm2).
Ilv dong lam viec cua ng day (A).
jkt mat o dong kinh te (A/mm 2), gia tr mat o
dong kinh te c tra trong cac tai lieu ky thuat.
-
Chon day dan theo o sut ap cho phep:[6]

F=
( p i .l i )
U dm .U R
(6.2)
Trong o: ien tr suat cua day dan (m).
pi cong suat tac dung truyen tren oan day i (W).
li chieu dai oan day i (m).
Udm: ien ap nh mc (V).
UR: o sut ap do thanh phan tr khang gay ra
(V).
- Chon day dan theo ieu kien phat nong cho phep ap
dung cac tieu chuan cua Hoi ong Ky thuat ien Quoc te
(IEC - International Electrotechnical Commission).[1]
Icp
I lv max
K
(6.3)
Trong o: Icp: dong cho phep cua day dan (A).
Chng 6
b bao ve
Ilvmax: dong lam viec ln nhat cua phu tai tnh

toan (A).
K: he so hieu chnh theo ieu kien lap at.
* Phng phap thc te xac nh tiet dien nho nhat cho phep
cua day dan:[1]
- XAC NH KCH C CUA DAY PHA
Trnh t xac nh tiet dien nho nhat cua day dan:
ieu kien lap at cua day
Dong lam viec max

IB
Xac nh cac he so K
va ma ch cai
Dong nh mc cua thiet b bao ve

khong c nho hn dong IB
In
La chon dong cho phep
IZ cua day
ma thiet b bao ve
co kha nang
bao ve no
CB => IZ = In
Xac nh tiet dien day co kha nang

tai IZ1
bang cach dung IZ co tnh en anh
hng
cua cac he so K (IZ=), cua ma ch
cai va vo boc
Kiem tra cac ieu kien khac neu can theo bang ...
Trong o: IB: dong lam viec max, cap cuoi cung mach
ien, dong nay tng ng vi cong suat nh mc KVA cua
tai.
In: dong nh mc cua CB, o la gia tr cc
ai cua dong lien tuc ma CB vi Relay bao ve qua dong
co the chu c vo han nh nhiet o moi trng do
Chng 6
b bao ve
nha che tao quy nh, va nhiet o cua cac bo phan mang
ien khong vt qua gii han cho phep.
IZ: dong cho phep ln nhat, ay la gia tr
ln nhat cua dong ma day dan co the tai c vo han
nh ma khong lam giam tuoi tho lam viec.
Thu tuc c tien hanh nh sau:
+ Xac nh ma ch cai: c tra t cac bang H1-12
cua tai lieu[1].
-
dang cua mach (1 pha, 3 pha)
dang lap at.
+ Xac nh he so K phan anh cac anh hng sau:

c tra t cac bang H1-13, H1-14, H1-15, H1-19, H1-20,
H1-21, H1-22 cua tai lieu [1].
-
so cap trong ranh cap;
nhiet o moi trng;
cach lap at.
* Xac nh c day oi vi cap khong chon di at:

+ Xac nh ma ch cai: cac ch cai (B ti F) phu
thuoc vao dang cua day va cach lap at no.
+ Xac nh he so K: vi cac mach khong chon di
at, he so K the hien ieu kien lap at K = K 1.K2.K3.
Trong o:
K1: the hien anh hng cua cach
lap at.
K2: the hien anh hng tng ho cua hai
mach at ke nhau. Hai mach c coi la at ke nhau khi
khoang cach L gia 2 day nho hn 2 lan ng knh cap ln
nhat cua 2 cap noi tren.
K3: the hien anh hng cua nhiet o
tng ng vi dang cach ien.
* Xac nh c day cho day chon di at:
Chng 6
b bao ve
Trng hp nay can phai xac nh he so K, con ma ch

cai thch ng vi cach lap at se khong can thiet.
+ Xac nh he so hieu chnh K: vi cac mach chon
di at, K se ac trng cho ieu kien lap at K = K 4.K5.K6.K7.
Trong o:
K4: the hien anh hng cua cach
lap at.
K5: the hien anh hng cua so day at
ke nhau. Cac day c coi la at ke nhau neu khoang cach
L gia chung nho hn 2 lan ng knh cua day ln nhat
trong hai day.
K6: the hien anh hng cua at chon
cap.
K7: the hien anh hng cua nhiet o
cua at.
-
XAC NH KCH C DAY NOI AT BAO VE (PE:
Proctective Earth):
Day PE cho phep lien ket cac vat dan t nhien va cac vo
kim loai khong co ien cua cac thiet b ien e tao li
ang ap. Cac day nay dan dong s co do h hong cach
ien (gia pha va vo thiet b) ti iem trung tnh noi at
cua nguon. PE se c noi vao au noi at chnh cua
mang. au noi at chnh se c noi vi cac ien cc noi
at qua day noi at.
Day PE can:
-
Khong cha ng bat ky hnh thc hoac thiet

b cat dong nao;
Noi cac vo kim loai thiet b can noi ti day PE

chnh, ngha la noi song song;
Co au ket noi rieng tren au noi at chung

cua tu phan phoi.
Kch c cua day PE c xac nh theo phng phap n

gian sau: [1]
Chng 6
b bao ve
- Sph 16 mm2
- 16 < Sph 35 mm2
- Sph > 35 mm2
=> SPE = Sph

=> SPE = 16 mm2
=> SPE =
S ph
2
- XAC NH KCH C DAY TRUNG TNH:

Tiet dien va cac bao ve day trung tnh ngoai tr yeu cau
mang tai, con phu thuoc vao cac yeu to nh:
-
dang cua s o noi at, TT, TN
phng phap bao ve chong cham ien gian

tiep.
Tiet dien cua day trung tnh: anh hng cua s o noi at
S o TN:
SN = Spha neu Spha 16 mm2 (day ong) cho
cac mach mot pha.

SN = 0.5Spha cho cac trng hp con lai
vi lu y la day trung tnh phai co bao ve thch hp.
TNH TOAN CHI TIET CHON DAY DAN:

+ Tang ham co tuyen day L1 cung cap cho tai chieu
sang vi cong suat bieu kien la S = 1.728 KVA
S
1.728 KVA
=
= 7.85 A.
V
220V
dong lam viec max Ilv =
ieu kien chon dong nh mc CB: I mCB Ilv =>

ImCB = 10 A.
tuyen day L1 cung vi 3 tuyen day khac la L2,

L3, L4 i cung ong va c at tren tran gia,
nen ta co cac he so hieu chnh sau:
K1 = 1 day i tren tran gia.
K2 = 0.77 so mach trong 1 ong dan la 4.
K3 = 0.93 day dan at trong moi trng co
nhiet o la to = 35oC
Chng 6
b bao ve
dong
ien
hieu
chnh
Ihc:
Ihc
I dmCB
I dmCB
10
=
=
= 13.96 A
K
K 1 .K 2 .K 3
0.716
dong cho phep cua day dan I cp Ihc: dong hieu

chnh, t dong hieu chnh Ihc tren tra bang 8.7
cua tai lieu [2] c cac thong so sau: dong
cho phep Icp = 18 A > 13.96 A va tiet dien day
dan Fdd la 1mm2 (cap ien lc ha ap cach ien
va vo PVC na mem at tnh tai loai mot loi
ong dan ien).
+ Tng t cho cach tnh toan tren, ta co bang ket qua

sau:
Chng 6
b bao ve

CHON CB VA DAY DAN
He so
hieu chnh
Dong
nh
mc
CB(A)
So
cc
CB
K1
(da
y i
tre
n
tra
n
gia
)
Tan
g
Tuyen
day
S(kva
)
Dong
lam
viec
Ilv(A)
HA
M
L1
1.728
7.85
10
L2
1.728
7.85
10
L3
1.728
7.85
10
L4
2.079
9.4
10
K2
(so
mach
trong
1
ong
dan)
0.77(4
)
0.77(4
)
0.77(4
)
0.77(4
)
K3
0
(t =350
C)
Chon day dan

Dong
ien
hieu
chnh
Ihc (A)
Cac
h
ie
n
Vo
boc
Tiet
dien
day
Fdd(mm2
)
Don
g cho
phe
p
Icp(A)
0.93
13.96
PVC
PVC
18
0.93
13.96
PVC
PVC
18
0.93
13.96
PVC
PVC
18
0.93
13.96
PVC
PVC
18
Tra
ban
g
8.7
P1
27.27
32
P2
13.63
16
P3
27.27
32
P4
6.857
31.16
32
0.77(4
)
0.77(4
)
0.77(4
)
0.77(4
)
0.93
44.68
PVC
PVC
47
0.93
22.34
PVC
PVC
29
0.93
44.68
PVC
PVC
47
0.93
44.68
PVC
PVC
47
Chng 6
b bao ve

P5
6.871
10.43
16
P6
13.74
2
20.87
25
0.88(2
)
0.88(2
)
0.93
19.55
PVC
PVC
2.5
22
0.93
30.54
PVC
PVC
5.5
35
8.8
CHON CB VA DAY DAN

He so
hieu chnh
Tang
Tuyen
day
S(kva
)
S1
S2
HAM
S3
S4
Don
g
la
m
vie
c
Ilv(A)
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
K1
(da
y i
tre
n
tra
n
gia
)
K2
(so
mach
trong 1
ong
dan)
K3
(t0=350C
)
Dong
nh
mc
CB(A)
So
cc
CB
20
0.77(4)
0.93
20
0.77(4)
0.93
Chon day dan

Dong
ien
hieu
chnh
Ihc (A)
Vo
boc
Tiet
dien
day
Fdd(mm2
)
Don
g cho
phe
p
Icp(A)
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
Cac
h
ie
n
25.38
25.38
Tra
ban
g
8.7
20
0.77(4)
0.93
25.38
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
20
0.77(4)
0.93
25.38
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
Chng 6
b bao ve
TU
IEN
TANG
HAM
TANG
1
47.178 71.67
L1
2.16
L2
2.26
L3
2.45
L4
L5
2.16
2.16
9.8
10.1
1
11.1
5
9.8
9.8
80
0.72(14)
0.93
119.47
PVC
PVC
50
132
10
0.75(5)
0.93
14.3
PVC
PVC
18
16
0.75(5)
0.93
22.93
PVC
PVC
29
16
0.75(5)
0.93
22.93
PVC
PVC
29
10
10
1
1
1
1
0.75(5)
0.75(5)
0.93
0.93
14.33
14.33
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
1
1
18
18
8.9
8.7
CHON CB VA DAY DAN

He so
hieu chnh
Tang
Tuyen
day
S(kva
)
TANG1
S1
Don
g
lam
vie
c
Ilv(A)
18.1
8
Don
g
nh
mc
CB(A)
So
cc
CB
20
K1
(da
y
K2
i
(so
tre mach
n
trong 1
tra
ong
n
dan)
gia
)
1
0.73(6)
K3
(t0=350
C)
0.93
Chon day dan
Dong
ien
hieu Cac
chnh
h
Vo
Ihc (A) ie boc
n
29.45
PVC
PVC
Tiet
dien
day
Fdd(mm2
)
Don
g
cho
phe
p
Icp(A)
Tra
ba
ng
2.5
36
8.7
Chng 6
b bao ve

S2
S3
S4
S5
S6
TU IEN
TANG1
TANG 2
L1
L2
L3
L4
L5
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
20
0.73(6)
0.93
29.45
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
20
0.73(6)
0.93
29.45
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
20
0.73(6)
0.93
29.45
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
20
0.73(6)
0.93
29.45
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
20
0.73(6)
0.93
29.45
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
13.86
3
21.06
25
0.72(11
)
0.93
37.33
PVC
PVC
44
8.9
0.54
0.9
0.283
0.21
0.21
2.45
4.09
1.28
0.9
0.9
3
6
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0.75(5)
0.75(5)
0.75(5)
0.75(5)
0.75(5)
0.93
0.93
0.93
0.93
0.93
4.3
8.6
2.86
1.43
1.43
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
1
1
1
1
1
18
18
18
18
18
8.7
CHON CB VA DAY DAN

Tang
Tuyen
day
S(kva
)
Do
ng
la
m
vie
c
Ilv(A)
Dong
nh
mc
CB(A)
So
cc
CB
He so
hieu chnh
K1
(da
y i
tre
n
tra
K2
(so
mach
trong 1
ong
dan)
K3
(t =350
C)
0
Dong
ien
hieu
chnh
Ihc (A)
Chon day dan

Cac
h
ie
n
Vo
boc
Tiet
dien
day
Fdd(mm2
)
Don Tra
g cho ban
phe
g
p
Icp(A)
Chng 6
b bao ve
TANG 2
TU
IEN
TANG 2
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
1.726
1.726
1.726
1.943
1.943
S1
S2
S3
S4
S5
S6
4
13.90
2
7.8
7.8
7.8
8.83
8.83
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
21.1
2
10
10
10
10
10
1
1
1
1
1
n
gia
)
1
1
1
1
1
20
0.73(6)
0.93
29.45
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
20
0.73(6)
0.93
29.45
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
20
0.73(6)
0.93
29.45
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
20
0.73(6)
0.93
29.45
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
20
0.73(6)
0.93
29.45
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
20
0.73(6)
0.93
29.45
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
25
0.72(16
)
0.93
37.33
PVC
PVC
44
0.75(5)
0.75(5)
0.75(5)
0.75(5)
0.75(5)
0.93
0.93
0.93
0.93
0.93
14.33
14.33
14.33
14.33
14.33
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
1
1
1
1
1
18
18
18
18
18
CHON CB VA DAY DAN
8.7
8.9
Chng 6
b bao ve

He so
hieu chnh
Tang
TANG 2
Tuyen
day
S(kv
a)
Dong
lam
viec
Ilv(A)
Dong
nh
mc
CB(A)
So
cc
CB
S4
S5
S6
4
4
4
18.18
18.18
18.18
20
20
20
2
2
2
13.90
2
21.12
25
0.9
0.9
0.9
12.8
16
10.4
16
TU IEN
TANG 2
L1
L2
TANG MAI
K1
(da
y
K2
i
(so
tre mach
n
trong
tra 1 ong
n
dan)
gia
)
1
0.73(6)
1
0.73(6)
1
0.73(6)
L3
P1
P2
0.21
5
0.21
5
0.21
5
2.81
6
2.28
8
0.72(1
6)
0.82(3
)
0.82(3
)
0.82(3
)
0.88(2
)
0.88(2
)
Chon day dan
K3
(t0=350
C)
Dong
ien
hieu
chn
h Ihc
(A)
0.93
0.93
0.93
29.45
29.45
29.45
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
2.5
2.5
2.5
36
36
36
8.7
0.93
37.33
PVC
PVC
44
8.9
0.93
1.31
PVC
PVC
18
0.93
1.31
PVC
PVC
18
0.93
1.31
PVC
PVC
18
0.93
19.55
PVC
PVC
1.5
23
0.93
19.55
PVC
PVC
1.5
23
Ca
ch
ie
n
Vo
boc
Tiet
dien
day
Fdd(mm
2
)
Do
ng
cho
phe
p
Icp(A)
Tra
ba
ng
8.7
Chng 6
b bao ve

CHON CB VA DAY DAN
He so
hieu chnh
Tang
TANG MAI
TU IEN
TANG MAI
TU IEN
TONG
Dong
Tuyen S(kva lam
day
)
viec
Ilv(A)
Dong
nh
mc
CB(A)
So
cc
CB
S1
18.18
20
S2
18.18
20
S3
18.18
20
4.47
20.31
25
35
242.16
242.16
257.
4
47.1
78
4.47
53.17
367.9
367.9
63
400
400
391.1
P15
P16
P17
P18
P19
P20
K1
(da
y
K2
i
(so
tre mach
n
trong
tra 1 ong
n
dan)
gia
)
0.82(3
1
)
0.82(3
1
)
0.82(3
1
)
Chon day dan
K3
(t =350
C)
Dong
ien
hieu
chn
h Ihc
(A)
0.93
26.22
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
0.93
26.22
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
0.93
26.22
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
Ca
ch
ie
n
Vo
boc
Tiet
dien
day
Fdd(mm
2
)
Do
ng
cho
phe
p
Icp(A)
Tra
ba
ng
8.7
0.72(8)
0.93
37.33
PVC
PVC
6.0
38
8.9
3
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
0.93
0.93
0.93
67.74
430.1
430.1
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
22
185
185
82
450
450
8.9
8.7
8.7
400
0.93
430.1
PVC
PVC
185
450
8.7
71.67
80
PVC
PVC
50
132
8.9
20.31
25
PVC
PVC
6.0
38
8.9
0.72(1
4)
0.72(8
)
0.93
0.93
119.4
7
37.33
Chng 6
b bao ve

P21
P22
P23
P24
3.25
39
19.5
3.25
4.9
59.25
29.6
4.93
6
63
32
6
3
3
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0.93
0.93
0.93
0.93
6.45
67.74
34.4
6.45
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
1
22
6
1
14
82
38
14
8.9
8.9
8.9
8.9
CHON CB VA DAY DAN

He so
hieu chnh
K1
(da
y
K2
i
(so
tre mach
n
trong
tra 1 ong
n
dan)
gia
)
Chon day dan
K3
(t0=350
C)
Dong
ien
hieu
chn
h Ihc
(A)
0.93
10.75
PVC
0.93
53.76
PVC
0.93
53.76
PVC
400
0.93
430.1
PVC
53.17
63
0.93
67.74
PVC
70.32
80
0.93
86.02
PVC
Tang
Tuyen
day
S(kva
)
Dong
lam
viec
Ilv(A)
Dong
nh
mc
CB(A)
So
cc
CB
TU IEN
TONG
P25
6.5
9.87
10
P26
32.5
49.3
50
P27
32.5
49.3
50
P28
261.23
396.9
P29
35
P30
46.2
Ca
ch
ie
n
Vo
bo
c
PV
C
PV
C
PV
C
PV
C
PV
C
PV
Tiet
dien
day
Fdd(mm
2
)
Do
ng
cho
phe
p
Icp(A)
Tra
ba
ng
14
8.9
14
62
8.9
14
62
8.9
185
450
8.7
22
82
8.9
25
88
8.9
Chng 6
b bao ve

87
Nhom
1
Nhom
2
Nhom
3
Nhom
4
217.
331.01
87
765.
1162
27
175.
267.17
84
240.
365.4
5
Day dan chon
1400
2127
350
1250
300
400
ngam, noi
2500
PV
C
PV
1
1
1344 PVC
0.93
C
322.5
PV
1
1
PVC
0.93
8
C
PV
1
1
430.1 PVC
0.93
C
t tram bien ap en tu ien tong
K4
K5 K6
K7
PV
1
1
1
2688 PVC
0.93
C
1
0.93
376.3
4
PVC
150
420
8.7
600
137
5
8.17
120
355
8.7
185
450
8.7
800
310
0
8.17
Chng 6
b bao ve
6.1.2 XAC NH O SUT AP:

ta co bang (*) sau [1]:
o sut ap ln nhat cho phep t iem noi vao li ti ni
dung ien
Chieu
Cac loai tai
Loai tai
sang
khac
Tram khach hang trung/ha ap
c nuoi t li trung ap cong
6%
8%
cong
Khi sut ap vt qua gia tr bang tren th can phai s
dung day co tiet dien ln hn.
* TNH TOAN SUT AP IEU KIEN ON NH [1]:
Cong thc tnh sut ap:
Mach
Sut ap U
U% =
1 pha: pha/trung tnh

3 pha can bang: 3 pha
(co hoac khong co
trung tnh)
Trong o:
U = 2IBL.(Rcos+ Xsin)
U =
3 IBL.(Rcos+
Xsin)
100U
Vn
U% =
100U
Un
+ IB dong lam viec ln nhat (A);

+ L chieu dai day (km);
+ R ien tr cua day (/km);
R=
22.5mm 2 / km
oi vi day ong,
S ( mm 2 )
Vi S: tiet dien day (mm2), R c bo qua khi tiet dien

day ln hn 500mm2.
+ X cam khang cua day (/km);
X: c bo qua cho day co tiet dien nho hn
50mm2. Neu khong co thong tin nao khac th se cho X = 0.08
/km.
+ goc pha gia ien ap va dong trong day, khi
ong c khi ong
cos = 0.35.
Chng 6
b bao ve
+ Un ien ap day (V).

+ Vn ien ap pha (V).
TNH TOAN SUT AP CHI TIET:
-
Tnh toan sut ap cho tuyen day chieu sang tang

Ham L1:
+ oan day t Tram bien ap (TBA) en Tu ien tong

(TT):
chieu dai day L = 20 m.
tiet dien day F = 800 mm2.
dong lam viec IB = 2127 A.
cos = 0.87,
sin = 0.49.
ien tr cua oan day R = 0 v tiet dien day ln

hn 500 mm2.
cam khang cua oan day X = 0.08 /km.
sut ap tren oan day TBA TT :
U1 =
3 IBL.(Rcos+
Xsin) =
3 .2127.20.10-3.
(0 +
0.08x0.49)
= 2.888 V.
+ Tng t ta co oan day t TT en Tu ien tang
Ham (T TH ):
dong lam viec IB = 71.67 A.
cos = 0.74,
sin = 0.67.
ien tr cua oan day R =
22.5
= 0.45 /km.
50
cam khang cua oan day X = 0.08 /km.

sut ap tren oan day TT T - TH :
U2 =
=
3 IBL.(Rcos+
Xsin)
3 x71.67x40x10-3x(0.45x0.74
= 1.917 V.
+ 0.08x0.67)
Chng 6
b bao ve
+ Tng t ta co oan day t T - TH en tuyen day

chieu sang tang Ham L1:
cos = 0.6,
sin = 0.8.
22.5
= 22.5 /km.
1
cam khang cua oan day X = 0, do tiet dien cua

day nho hn 50 mm2.
sut ap tren oan day T - TH L1 :
U3 = 2.IBL.(Rcos+ Xsin)
= 2x7.85x42x10-3x(22.5x0.6+ 0)
= 8.902 V.
Nh vay tong sut ap tren oan day t TBA L1 la
U = U1 + U2 + U3 = 2.888 + 1.917 + 8.902
= 13.7 V.
o sut ap phan tram U% =
100U
Vn
100 x13.7
= 6.24% >
220
6%
khong thoa ieu kien bang (*), do o tang tiet
dien day dan F len 1.5mm2.
+ Ta co sut ap tren oan day T - TH L 1:
tiet dien day F = 1.5 mm2.
cos = 0.6,
sin = 0.8.
22.5
= 15 /km.
1.5
cam khang cua oan day X = 0, do tiet dien cua

day nho hn 50 mm2.
sut ap tren oan day T - TH L1 :
Chng 6
b bao ve
U3 = 2.IBL.(Rcos+ Xsin)
= 2x7.85x42x10-3x(15x0.6+ 0) = 5.935 V.
Nh vay tong sut ap tren oan day t TBA L1 la
U = U1 + U2 + U3 = 2.888 + 1.917 + 5.935
= 10.74 V.
o sut ap phan tram U% =
100U
100 x10.74
= 4.88% <
=
220
Vn
6%
thoa ieu kien bang (*)
Khi kiem tra ieu kien sut ap, neu oan day nao khong
thoa ieu kien bang (*) th tang tiet dien day dan len
va kiem tra lai ieu kien tren. Vi cach tnh tng t nh
tren, ta co c bang ket qua sau:
- CHON DAY DAN CHO CAC TANG CUA TOA NHA:
Sin
St
p
St
p
tng
in
p
Li
2127
71.67
7.85
7.85
7.85
7.85
7.85
7.85
9.4
7.85
0.87
0.74
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.49
0.67
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
2.885
1.917
8.902
5.935
2.967
2.967
2.713
5.426
4.399
3.533
13.7
10.7
7.77
10.7
7.52
12.9
9.2
12.7
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
0.06229
0.0488
0.03532
0.0488
0.03416
0.05882
0.04182
0.05788
800
8
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
0
2.812
9
9
9
9
0.08
0
0
0
0
0
2127
21.06
18.18
18.18
18.18
18.18
0.87
0.76
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.49
0.65
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
2.885
0.545
5.236
5.236
3.403
6.807
8.67
8.67
6.83
10.2
220
220
220
220
0.03939
0.03939
0.03106
0.04653
18
2.5
18.18
0.8
0.6
4.712
8.14
220
0.03701
20
14
22
14
17
18
26
800
8
1
1
1
1
1
0
2.812
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
0.08
0
0
0
0
0
0
2127
21.12
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
0.87
0.76
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.49
0.65
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
2.885
1.093
4.633
2.948
3.58
3.791
5.476
8.61
11.6
7.56
11.3
9.45
220
220
220
220
220
0.03914
0.05254
0.03436
0.05159
0.04297
in
Tr
R
(/km)
T-TH - L2
L2 - CS
T-TH - L3
L3 - CS
T-TH - L4
L4 - CS
20
40
42
42
14
14
32
64
26
25
800
50
1
1.5
1
1
2.5
2.5
1.5
1.5
TBA - T-T
T-T - T-1
T-T1- S1
T-T1- S2
T-T1- S3
T-T1- S4
20
7
20
20
13
26
T-T1- S5
TBA - T-T
T-T- T-T2
T-T2 - P1
P1 - CS
T-T2 - P2
P2 - CS
T-T2 - P3
on Dy
TNG
HM
TBA -T-T
T-T- T-TH
T-TH - L1
TNG
2
Cos
Tit
Din
Dy
F(mm2)
T
in
TNG
1
Dng
Lm
Vic
IB (A)
0
0.45
22.5
15
22.5
22.5
9
9
15
15
Cm
Khng
X
(/km
)
0.08
0.08
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Chiu
Di
Dy
L (m)
Chng 6
b bao ve
TNG
3
T
in
TNG
3
TNG
4
TNG
5
P3 - CS
T-T2 - P4
P4 - CS
T-T2 - P5
P5 - CS
14
7
13
2
18
1
1
1
1
1
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
0
0
0
0
0
7.8
8.83
7.8
8.83
7.8
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
2.948
1.669
2.738
0.477
3.791
12.4
5.65
8.38
4.45
8.25
220
220
220
220
220
0.05637
0.02567
0.03811
0.02025
0.03748
T-T2 - S1
T-T2 - S2
T-T2 - S3
T-T2 - S4
T-T2 - S5
20
20
13
26
18
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
9
9
9
9
9
0
0
0
0
0
18.18
18.18
18.18
18.18
18.18
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
5.236
5.236
3.403
6.807
4.712
9.21
9.21
7.38
10.8
8.69
220
220
220
220
220
0.04188
0.04188
0.03355
0.04902
0.0395
TBA - T-T
T-T- T-T3
T-T3 - P1
P1 - CS
T-T3 - P2
P2 - CS
T-T3 - P3
P3 - CS
T-T3 - P4
P4 - CS
20
19
22
14
17
18
26
14
7
13
800
8
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
2.812
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
0.08
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2127
21.12
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
8.83
7.8
0.87
0.76
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.49
0.65
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
2.885
1.484
4.633
2.948
3.58
3.791
5.476
2.948
1.669
2.738
9
12
7.95
11.7
9.84
12.8
6.04
8.78
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
0.04092
0.05432
0.03613
0.05336
0.04475
0.05815
0.02744
0.03989
on Dy
Chiu
Di
Dy
L (m)
Tit
Din
Dy
F(mm2)
in
Tr
R
(/km)
Dng
Lm
Vic
IB (A)
Cos
Sin
St
p
St
p
tng
in
p
Li
T-T3 - P5
P5 - CS
2
18
1
1
22.5
22.5
Cm
Khng
X
(/km
)
0
0
8.83
7.8
0.6
0.6
0.8
0.8
0.477
3.791
4.85
8.64
220
220
0.02202
0.03926
T-T3 - S1
T-T3 - S2
T-T3 - S3
T-T3 - S4
T-T3 - S5
20
20
13
26
18
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
9
9
9
9
9
0
0
0
0
0
18.18
18.18
18.18
18.18
18.18
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
5.236
5.236
3.403
6.807
4.712
9.6
9.6
7.77
11.2
9.08
220
220
220
220
220
0.04366
0.04366
0.03533
0.0508
0.04128
TBA - T-T
T-T- T-T4
T-T4 - P1
P1 - CS
T-T4 - P2
P2 - CS
T-T4 - P3
P3 - CS
T-T4 - P4
P4 - CS
T-T4 - P5
P5 - CS
20
22.5
22
14
17
18
26
14
7
13
2
18
800
8
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
2.812
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
0.08
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2127
21.12
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
8.83
7.8
8.83
7.8
0.87
0.76
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.49
0.65
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
2.885
1.757
4.633
2.948
3.58
3.791
5.476
2.948
1.669
2.738
0.477
3.791
9.28
12.2
8.22
12
10.1
13.1
6.31
9.05
5.12
8.91
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
0.04216
0.05556
0.03737
0.0546
0.04599
0.05939
0.02868
0.04113
0.02327
0.0405
T-T4 - S1
T-T4 - S2
T-T4 - S3
T-T4 - S4
T-T4 - S5
20
20
13
26
18
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
9
9
9
9
9
0
0
0
0
0
18.18
18.18
18.18
18.18
18.18
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
5.236
5.236
3.403
6.807
4.712
9.88
9.88
8.05
11.4
9.35
220
220
220
220
220
0.0449
0.0449
0.03657
0.05204
0.04252
TBA - T-T
T-T- T-T5
T-T5 - P1
20
26
22
800
8
1
0
2.812
22.5
0.08
0
0
2127
21.12
7.8
0.87
0.76
0.6
0.49
0.65
0.8
2.885
2.03
4.633
9.55
220
0.0434
Chng 6
b bao ve
P1 - CS
T-T5 - P2
P2 - CS
T-T5 - P3
P3 - CS
T-T5 - P4
P4 - CS
T-T5 - P5
P5 - CS
14
17
18
26
14
7
13
2
18
1
1
1
1.5
1
1
1
1
1
22.5
22.5
22.5
15
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
8.83
7.8
8.83
7.8
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
2.948
3.58
3.791
3.65
2.948
1.669
2.738
0.477
3.791
12.5
8.5
12.3
8.57
11.5
6.58
9.32
5.39
9.18
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
0.0568
0.03862
0.05585
0.03893
0.05234
0.02993
0.04237
0.02451
0.04174
T-T5 - S1
T-T5 - S2
T-T5 - S3
T-T5 - S4
T-T5 - S5
20
20
13
26
18
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
9
9
9
9
9
0
0
0
0
0
18.18
18.18
18.18
18.18
18.18
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
5.236
5.236
3.403
6.807
4.712
10.2
10.2
8.32
11.7
9.63
220
220
220
220
220
0.04614
0.04614
0.03781
0.05328
0.04376
Chng 6
b bao ve
T
in
TNG
6
TNG
7
TNG
8
T
in
Dng
Lm
Vic
IB (A)
Cos
Sin
St
p
St
p
tng
in
p
Li
0
2.812
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
15
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
Cm
Khng
X
(/km
)
0.08
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2127
21.12
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
8.83
7.8
8.83
7.8
0.87
0.76
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.49
0.65
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
2.885
2.304
4.633
2.948
3.58
3.791
3.65
2.948
1.669
2.738
0.477
3.791
9.82
12.8
8.77
12.6
8.84
11.8
6.86
9.6
5.67
9.46
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
0.04464
0.05805
0.03986
0.05709
0.04018
0.05358
0.03117
0.04361
0.02575
0.04298
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
9
9
9
9
9
0
0
0
0
0
18.18
18.18
18.18
18.18
18.18
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
5.236
5.236
3.403
6.807
4.712
10.4
10.4
8.59
12
9.9
220
220
220
220
220
0.04738
0.04738
0.03905
0.05452
0.045
20
33
22
14
17
18
26
14
7
13
2
18
800
8
1
1
1
1
1.5
1
1
1
1
1
0
2.812
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
15
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
0.08
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2127
21.12
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
8.83
7.8
8.83
7.8
0.87
0.76
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.49
0.65
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
2.885
2.577
4.633
2.948
3.58
3.791
3.65
2.948
1.669
2.738
0.477
3.791
10.1
13
9.04
12.8
9.11
12.1
7.13
9.87
5.94
9.73
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
0.04589
0.05929
0.0411
0.05833
0.04142
0.05482
0.03241
0.04486
0.02699
0.04422
T-T7 - S1
T-T7 - S2
T-T7 - S3
T-T7 - S4
T-T7 - S5
20
20
13
26
18
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
9
9
9
9
9
0
0
0
0
0
18.18
18.18
18.18
18.18
18.18
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
5.236
5.236
3.403
6.807
4.712
10.7
10.7
8.87
12.3
10.2
220
220
220
220
220
0.04863
0.04863
0.0403
0.05576
0.04625
TBA - T-T
T-T- T-T8
T-T8 - P1
P1 - CS
T-T8 - P2
P2 - CS
T-T8 - P3
P3 - CS
T-T8 - P4
20
36.5
22
14
17
18
26
14
7
800
8
1.5
1
1
1
1.5
1
1
0
2.812
15
22.5
22.5
22.5
15
22.5
22.5
0.08
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2127
21.12
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
8.83
0.87
0.76
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.49
0.65
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
2.885
2.85
3.089
2.948
3.58
3.791
3.65
2.948
1.669
8.82
11.8
9.32
13.1
9.39
12.3
7.4
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
0.04011
0.05351
0.04234
0.05957
0.04266
0.05606
0.03365
on Dy
Chiu
Di
Dy
L (m)
Tit
Din
Dy
F(mm2)
in
Tr
R
(/km)
Cm
Khng
X
(/km
Dng
Lm
Vic
IB (A)
Cos
Sin
St
p
St
p
tng
in
p
Li
on Dy
Chiu
Di
Dy
L (m)
Tit
Din
Dy
F(mm2)
in
Tr
R
(/km)
TBA - T-T
T-T- T-T6
T-T6 - P1
P1 - CS
T-T6 - P2
P2 - CS
T-T6 - P3
P3 - CS
T-T6 - P4
P4 - CS
T-T6 - P5
P5 - CS
20
29.5
22
14
17
18
26
14
7
13
2
18
800
8
1
1
1
1
1.5
1
1
1
1
1
T-T6 - S1
T-T6 - S2
T-T6 - S3
T-T6 - S4
T-T6 - S5
20
20
13
26
18
TBA - T-T
T-T- T-T7
T-T7 - P1
P1 - CS
T-T7 - P2
P2 - CS
T-T7 - P3
P3 - CS
T-T7 - P4
P4 - CS
T-T7 - P5
P5 - CS
Chng 6
b bao ve
TNG
8
TNG
9
TNG
10
T
in
TNG
11
P4 - CS
T-T8 - P5
P5 - CS
13
2
18
1
1
1
22.5
22.5
22.5
)
0
0
0
7.8
8.83
7.8
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.8
0.8
0.8
2.738
0.477
3.791
10.1
6.21
10
220
220
220
0.0461
0.02824
0.04547
T-T8 - S1
T-T8 - S2
T-T8 - S3
T-T8 - S4
T-T8 - S5
20
20
13
26
18
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
9
9
9
9
9
0
0
0
0
0
18.18
18.18
18.18
18.18
18.18
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
5.236
5.236
3.403
6.807
4.712
11
11
9.14
12.5
10.4
220
220
220
220
220
0.04987
0.04987
0.04154
0.05701
0.04749
TBA - T-T
T-T- T-T9
T-T9 - P1
P1 - CS
T-T9 - P2
P2 - CS
T-T9 - P3
P3 - CS
T-T9 - P4
P4 - CS
T-T9 - P5
P5 - CS
20
40
22
14
17
18
26
14
7
13
2
18
800
8
1.5
1
1
1
1.5
1
1
1
1
1
0
2.812
15
22.5
22.5
22.5
15
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
0.08
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2127
21.12
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
8.83
7.8
8.83
7.8
0.87
0.76
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.49
0.65
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
2.885
3.123
3.089
2.948
3.58
3.791
3.65
2.948
1.669
2.738
0.477
3.791
9.1
12
9.59
13.4
9.66
12.6
7.68
10.4
6.49
10.3
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
0.04135
0.05475
0.04358
0.06082
0.0439
0.05731
0.0349
0.04734
0.02948
0.04671
T-T9 - S1
T-T9 - S2
T-T9 - S3
T-T9 - S4
T-T9 - S5
20
20
13
26
18
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
9
9
9
9
9
0
0
0
0
0
18.18
18.18
18.18
18.18
18.18
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
5.236
5.236
3.403
6.807
4.712
11.2
11.2
9.41
12.8
10.7
220
220
220
220
220
0.05111
0.05111
0.04278
0.05825
0.04873
TBA - T-T
T-T-TT10
T-T10 - P1
P1 - CS
T-T10 - P2
P2 - CS
T-T10 - P3
P3 - CS
T-T10 - P4
P4 - CS
T-T10 - P5
P5 - CS
20
43.5
22
14
17
18
26
14
7
13
2
18
800
8
1.5
1
1.5
1
1.5
1
1
1
1
1
0
2.812
15
22.5
15
22.5
15
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
0.08
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2127
21.12
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
8.83
7.8
8.83
7.8
0.87
0.76
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.49
0.65
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
2.885
3.397
3.089
2.948
2.387
3.791
3.65
2.948
1.669
2.738
0.477
3.791
9.37
12.3
8.67
12.5
9.93
12.9
7.95
10.7
6.76
10.5
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
0.04259
0.05599
0.0394
0.05663
0.04515
0.05855
0.03614
0.04858
0.03072
0.04795
T-T10 - S1
T-T10 - S2
T-T10 - S3
T-T10 - S4
T-T10 - S5
20
20
13
26
18
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
9
9
9
9
9
0
0
0
0
0
18.18
18.18
18.18
18.18
18.18
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
5.236
5.236
3.403
6.807
4.712
11.5
11.5
9.68
13.1
11
220
220
220
220
220
0.05235
0.05235
0.04402
0.05949
0.04997
on Dy
Chiu
Di
Dy
L (m)
Tit
Din
Dy
F(mm2)
in
Tr
R
(/km)
Dng
Lm
Vic
IB (A)
Cos
Sin
St
p
St
p
tng
in
p
Li
TBA - T-T
T-T-TT11
T-T11 - P1
P1 - CS
T-T11 - P2
20
47
22
14
17
800
8
1.5
1
1.5
0
2.812
15
22.5
15
2127
21.12
7.8
7.8
7.8
0.87
0.76
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.49
0.65
0.8
0.8
0.8
2.885
3.67
3.089
2.948
2.387
9.64
12.6
8.94
220
220
220
0.04383
0.05724
0.04064
Cm
Khng
X
(/km
)
0.08
0
0
0
0
Chng 6
b bao ve
TNG
12
TNG
13
T
in
TNG
13
TNG
P2 - CS
T-T11 - P3
P3 - CS
T-T11 - P4
P4 - CS
T-T11 - P5
P5 - CS
18
26
14
7
13
2
18
1
1.5
1
1
1
1
1
22.5
15
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7.8
7.8
7.8
8.83
7.8
8.83
7.8
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
3.791
3.65
2.948
1.669
2.738
0.477
3.791
12.7
10.2
13.2
8.22
11
7.03
10.8
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
0.05787
0.04639
0.05979
0.03738
0.04983
0.03196
0.04919
T-T11 - S1
T-T11 - S2
T-T11 - S3
T-T11 - S4
T-T11 - S5
20
20
13
26
18
2.5
2.5
2.5
3.5
2.5
9
9
9
6.428
9
0
0
0
0
0
18.18
18.18
18.18
18.18
18.18
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
5.236
5.236
3.403
4.861
4.712
11.8
11.8
9.96
11.4
11.3
220
220
220
220
220
0.05359
0.05359
0.04526
0.05189
0.05121
TBA - T-T
T-T-TT12
T-T12 - P1
P1 - CS
T-T12 - P2
P2 - CS
T-T12 - P3
P3 - CS
T-T12 - P4
P4 - CS
T-T12 - P5
P5 - CS
20
50.5
22
14
17
18
26
14
7
13
2
18
800
8
1.5
1
1.5
1
1.5
1.5
1
1
1
1
0
2.812
15
22.5
15
22.5
15
15
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
0.08
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2127
21.12
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
8.83
7.8
8.83
7.8
0.87
0.76
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.49
0.65
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
2.885
3.943
3.089
2.948
2.387
3.791
3.65
1.966
1.669
2.738
0.477
3.791
9.92
12.9
9.21
13
10.5
12.4
8.5
11.2
7.31
11.1
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
0.04508
0.05848
0.04189
0.05912
0.04763
0.05656
0.03862
0.05107
0.0332
0.05044
T-T12 - S1
T-T12 - S2
T-T12 - S3
T-T12 - S4
T-T12 - S5
20
20
13
26
18
2.5
2.5
2.5
3.5
2.5
9
9
9
6.428
9
0
0
0
0
0
18.18
18.18
18.18
18.18
18.18
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
5.236
5.236
3.403
4.861
4.712
12.1
12.1
10.2
11.7
11.5
220
220
220
220
220
0.05484
0.05484
0.04651
0.05313
0.05246
TBA - T-T
T-T-TT13
T-T13 - P1
P1 - CS
T-T13 - P2
P2 - CS
T-T13 - P3
P3 - CS
T-T13 - P4
20
54
22
14
17
18
26
14
7
800
8
1.5
1
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1
0
2.812
15
22.5
15
15
15
15
22.5
0.08
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2127
21.12
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
8.83
0.87
0.76
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.49
0.65
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
2.885
4.217
3.089
2.948
2.387
2.527
3.65
1.966
1.669
10.2
13.1
9.49
12
10.8
12.7
8.77
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
0.04632
0.05972
0.04313
0.05462
0.04887
0.05781
0.03987
on Dy
Chiu
Di
Dy
L (m)
Tit
Din
Dy
F(mm2)
in
Tr
R
(/km)
Dng
Lm
Vic
IB (A)
Cos
Sin
St
p
St
p
tng
in
p
Li
P4 - CS
T-T13 - P5
P5 - CS
13
2
18
1
1
1
22.5
22.5
22.5
Cm
Khng
X
(/km
)
0
0
0
7.8
8.83
7.8
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.8
0.8
0.8
2.738
0.477
3.791
11.5
7.58
11.4
220
220
220
0.05231
0.03445
0.05168
T-T13 - S1
T-T13 - S2
T-T13 - S3
T-T13 - S4
T-T13 - S5
20
20
13
26
18
2.5
2.5
2.5
3.5
2.5
9
9
9
6.428
9
0
0
0
0
0
18.18
18.18
18.18
18.18
18.18
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
5.236
5.236
3.403
4.861
4.712
12.3
12.3
10.5
12
11.8
220
220
220
220
220
0.05608
0.05608
0.04775
0.05438
0.0537
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
0.49
2.885
Chng 6
b bao ve
T-T-TT14
T-T14 - P1
P1 - CS
T-T14 - P2
P2 - CS
T-T14 - P3
P3 - CS
T-T14 - P4
P4 - CS
T-T14 - P5
P5 - CS
57.5
22
14
17
18
26
14
7
13
2
18
8
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1
1
1
1
2.812
15
15
15
15
15
15
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
21.12
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
7.8
8.83
7.8
8.83
7.8
0.76
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.65
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
4.49
3.089
1.966
2.387
2.527
3.65
1.966
1.669
2.738
0.477
3.791
10.5
12.4
9.76
12.3
11
13
9.04
11.8
7.85
11.6
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
0.04756
0.0565
0.04437
0.05586
0.05011
0.05905
0.04111
0.05355
0.03569
0.05292
T-T14 - S1
T-T14 - S2
T-T14 - S3
T-T14 - S4
T-T14 - S5
20
20
13
26
18
2.5
2.5
2.5
3.5
2.5
9
9
9
6.428
9
0
0
0
0
0
18.18
18.18
18.18
18.18
18.18
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
5.236
5.236
3.403
4.861
4.712
12.6
12.6
10.8
12.2
12.1
220
220
220
220
220
0.05732
0.05732
0.04899
0.05562
0.05494
- CHON DAY DAN CHO CAC THIET B ONG C:

+ Luc hoat ong bnh thng:
Cm
Khng
X
(/km
)
0.08
0
Dng
Lm
Vic
I (A)
Cos
Sin
St
p
St
p
tng
in
p
Li
800
22
in
Tr
R
(/km
)
0
1.022
2127
53.17
0.87
0.7
0.49
0.71
2.885
2.172
5.06
380
0.01331
20
77
800
600
0
0
0.08
0.08
2127
367.9
0.87
0.75
0.49
0.66
2.885
2.588
5.47
380
0.0144
TBA -T-T
T-T- chiller 2
20
79
800
600
0
0
0.08
0.08
2127
367.9
0.87
0.75
0.49
0.66
2.885
2.655
5.54
380
0.01458
TBA - T-T
T-T- diezel
20
20
800
1
0
22.5
0.08
0
2127
4.9
0.87
0.7
0.49
0.71
2.885
2.67
5.56
380
0.01462
TBA - T-T
T-T- bm
cha chy
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
0.49
2.885
22
1.022
59.25
0.7
0.71
0.147
3.03
380
0.00798
TBA - T-T
T-T- qut
tng p
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
0.49
2.885
60
3.75
29.6
0.8
0.6
9.217
12.1
380
0.03185
Cm
Khng
X
(/km
)
0.08
Dng
Lm
Vic
I (A)
Cos
Sin
St
p
St
p
tng
in
p
Li
800
in
Tr
R
(/km
)
0
2127
0.87
0.49
2.885
60
22.5
4.93
0.8
0.6
9.211
12.1
380
0.03183
TBA - T-T
T-T- qut
ht T.hm
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
0.49
2.885
40
22.5
9.87
0.8
0.6
12.29
15.2
380
0.03994
TBA - T-T
T-T- bm
20
2
800
14
0
1.6
0.08
0
2127
49.3
0.8
0.87
0.7
0.6
0.49
0.71
2.885
0.191
3.08
380
0.00809
on Dy
Chiu
Di
Dy
L (m)
Tit
Din
Dy
F(mm2)
TBA - T-T
TT-T-TMy1
20
33
TBA -T-T
T-T- chiller1
on Dy
TBA - T-T
T-T- qut
ht khi
Chie
u
Di
Dy
L (m)
20
Tit
Din
Dy
F(mm2)
Chng 6
b bao ve
NSH
TBA - T-T
T-T- bm
nc thi
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
0.49
2.885
14
1.6
49.3
0.7
0.71
0.191
3.08
380
0.00809
TBA - T-T
T-T- chiller 3
20
81
800
600
0
0
0.08
0.08
2127
367.9
0.87
0.75
0.49
0.66
2.885
2.722
5.61
380
0.01476
TBA - T-T
T-T- Tmy 2
20
33
800
22
0
1.022
0.08
0
2127
53.17
0.87
0.7
0.49
0.71
2.885
2.172
5.06
380
0.01331
TBA - T-T
T-T- CS BN
20
80
800
25
0
0.9
0.08
0
2127
70.32
0.87
0.8
0.49
0.6
2.885
7.007
9.89
380
0.02603
Dng
Lm
Vic
I (A)
Cos
Sin
St
p
St
p
tng
in
p
Li
20
33
0.87
0.35
0.49
0.93
2.885
7.601
10.5
380
0.02759
+ Luc ong c khi ong:
800
22
in
Tr
R
(/km
)
0
1.022
Cm
Khng
X
(/km
)
0.08
0
20
77
800
600
0
0
0.08
0.08
20
77
0.87
0.35
0.49
0.93
2.885
25.52
28.4
380
0.07475
TBA - T-T
T-T-chiller 2
20
79
800
600
0
0
0.08
0.08
20
79
0.87
0.35
0.49
0.93
2.885
26.18
29.1
380
0.0765
TBA - T-T
T-T-diezel
20
20
800
1
0
22.5
0.08
0
20
20
0.87
0.35
0.49
0.93
2.885
9.346
12.2
380
0.03219
TBA - T-T
T-T-bm
cha chy
20
800
0.08
20
0.87
0.49
2.885
22
1.022
0.35
0.93
0.514
3.4
380
0.00894
TBA - T-T
T-T-qut
tng p
20
800
0.08
20
0.87
0.49
2.885
60
2.81
60
0.35
0.93
21.13
24
380
0.0632
TBA - T-T
T-T-qut
ht khi
20
800
0.08
20
0.87
0.49
2.885
60
1.5
15
60
0.35
0.93
18.81
21.7
380
0.05708
Chi
u Di
Dy
L (m)
Tit
Din
Dy
F(mm2)
Cos
Sin
St
p
St
p
tng
in
p
Li
20
800
Cm
Khng
X
(/km
)
0.08
Dng
Lm
Vic
I (A)
TBA - T-T
T-T-qut
ht T.hm
in
Tr
R
(/km
)
0
2127
0.87
0.49
2.885
40
1.5
15
69.09
0.35
0.93
25.1
28
380
0.07365
TBA - T-T
T-T-bm
NSH
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
0.49
2.885
14
1.6
555
0.35
0.93
1.075
3.96
380
0.01042
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
0.49
2.885
on Dy
Chiu
Di
Dy
L (m)
Tit
Din
Dy
F(mm2)
TBA - T-T
TT-T-TMy1
20
33
TBA - T-T
T-T-chiller1
on Dy
Chng 6
b bao ve
T-T-bm
nc thi
14
1.6
345
0.35
0.93
0.668
3.55
380
0.00935
TBA - T-T
T-T-chiller 3
20
81
800
600
0
0
0.08
0.08
2127
2575
0.87
0.35
0.49
0.93
2.885
26.85
29.7
380
0.07824
TBA - T-T
T-T-Tmy 2
20
33
800
22
0
1.022
0.08
0
2127
372
0.87
0.35
0.49
0.93
2.885
7.597
10.5
380
0.02758
6.2 LA CHON THIET B BAO VE CB (CIRCUIT BREAKER):

e hieu ro hn ve hoat ong cua CB, chung ta khao sat
ac tnh van hanh cua CB tac ong theo kieu t nhiet sau:
t
1
2
3
4
5
0
Ir
Im
1: Bao ve qua tai

2: Tao thi gian tre bao ve qua tai
3: Bao ve ngan mach
4: Tao thi gian tre bao ve ngan mach
5: Bao ve dong ngan
mach gia tr ln,
(cat
tc thi)
I
Hnh 6.1. ac tnh van hanh cua CB tac ong theo kieu
t nhiet.
Cac ieu kien chon CB:
Um Um li
(6.4)
Im Ilvmax (dong lam viec ln nhat i qua thiet b).
(6.5)
Im Kbv. I cp
(6.6)
Itt INmin (dong ngan mach nho nhat i qua CB).
(6.7)
Icatm INmax (dong ngan mach ln nhat i qua CB).
(6.8)
Trong o: Kbv he so the hien s phoi hp bao ve vi day
dan.
Itt dong tac ong tc thi.
Icatm dong cat nh mc cua thiet b bao ve.
Icp dong cho phep cua day sau khi hieu chnh.
Chng 6
b bao ve
Trong mang ien ha ap co the xem dong ngan mach ln

nhat la dong ngan mach ba pha va dong ngan mach nho
nhat la dong ngan mach mot pha (v s o noi at cua
toa nha co dang TN ieu nay se c trnh bay chi tiet
trong chng noi at nen dong ngan mach mot pha co the
xem la dong cham vo).
V vay sau ay tac gia se lan lt tnh dong ngan mach mot
pha va ba pha e la chon CB.
6.2.2 Tnh toan la chon thiet b bao ve CB :
* Tnh toan ngan mach:
Theo tieu chuan IEC ta co c phan tnh toan ngan mach
sau:[1]
Bang tom tat tnh tong tr cac phan t trong he thong
cung cap ien
RB =
May bien ap
ZB =
CB
Thanh gop
PN .U 2 dm 3
.10
S 2 dm
2
U N %.U
S dm
dm
XB =
Z 2B R2B
.10
R c bo qua
Bo qua oi vi
day dan co tiet
dien S > 200 mm2.
Trng hp khac R
L
=
XCB = 0.15m/cc
XTG = 0.15m/m
Day dan (*)

ong c ien
Dong ngan mach 3
pha
Dong ngan mach 1
pha
Trong o:
Cap: XC =
0.0815m/m
Thng c bo qua li ha ap
380
Isc=
(6.9)
3 R 2t + X 2t
R=
Isc=
220
2
R' t + X 2t
(6.10)
Chng 6
b bao ve
: ien tr suat cua day nhiet o bnh thng, ong

= 22.5mxmm2/m.
(*): neu co vai day dan trong pha th chia ien tr cua
1 day cho so day. Con cam khang th hau nh khong
thay oi.
Rt : ien tr tong (m)
Xt : cam khang tong (m).
Rt = Rt + RPE : ien tr tong trong trng hp ngan

mach 1 pha mang co s o la TN.
Hai cong thc tnh dong ngan mach (6.9) va (6.10), c
tnh vi ien ap day la 380V va ien ap pha la 220V, bo
qua sut ap tren ng day.
* Tnh toan ngan mach tai thanh cai cua tu ien tong:
- Theo tieu chuan IEC, gia s he thong trung ap co P sc
= 500 MVA
=> Rht = 0.053 m,
Xht = 0.353 m.
- Tram bien ap 2x1000MVA:

ien tr cua mot may bien ap:
PN .U 2 dm 3
RB1 =
.10
S 2 dm
12x 0.4 2
.10 3 = 1.92 m.
1000 2
Tong tr cua mot may bien ap:

ZB1
U N %.U 2 dm
.10 =
=
S dm
5 .5 x 0 .4 2
.10 =
1000
8.8 m.
ien khang cua mot may bien ap:

XB1 =
Z 2 B1 R 2 B1 =
8.8 2 1.92 2 = 8.58m.
V tram bien ap co 2 may bien ap 1000 KVA, nen:

ien tr cua tram bien ap RB =
R B1 1.92
=
= 0.96m .
2
2
ien khang cua tram bien ap XB =
X B1 8.58
=
= 4.29m .
2
2
- Day dan co chieu dai 20m noi t MBA TT:

ien tr day dan : Rc = 0 do day dan co tiet dien S = 800
mm2 > 200 mm2.
Chng 6
b bao ve
ien khang day dan : Xc = 0.08 x 20 = 1.6 m

ien tr tong t he thong trung li trung ap en
tu ien tong:
Rt = Rht + RB + Rc = 0.053 + 0.96 + 0 = 1.013 m.
ien khang tong t he thong trung li trung ap
en tu ien tong:
Xt = Xht + XB + Xc = 0.353 + 4.29 + 1.6 = 6.243 m.
Dong ngan mach ba pha tai tu ien tong :
Isc=
380
3 R 2T + X 2T
380
3 1.013 2 + 6.243 2
= 34.78 KA .
Theo bang ket qua ben di ta co:

Tai tuyen day P1 cua tu ien tang 1 co R t = 516.98 m va Xt =
10.775 m,
Tnh toan ien tr cua day bao ve PE can c vao cac
tieu chuan sau:
- Sph 16 mm2
- 16 < Sph 35 mm2
- Sph > 35 mm2
=> SPE = Sph

=> SPE = 16 mm2
=> SPE =
S ph
2
Va: S o TN: SN = Spha neu Spha 16 mm2 (day ong) cho cac
mach mot pha.
SN = 0.5Spha cho cac trng hp con lai vi lu
y la day trung tnh phai co bao ve thch hp.
S o TN-C c dung khi tiet dien day pha 10 mm2
(day ong).
S o TN-S bat buoc dung khi tiet dien day pha < 10
mm2 (day ong).
RPE =
22.5 x 22 22.5 x7 0
+
+ = 514.68m .
1
8
2
Rt = Rt + RPE = 516.98 + 514.68 = 1031.66 m.

Tnh gan ung co the xem RPE Rt = 516.98 x 2 = 1033.96 m. (bo
qua day noi tai tu ien).
Chng 6
b bao ve
Do o dong ngan mach 1 pha tren ng day P 1 cua tu ien

tang 1 la:
Isc=
220
'2
R t+X
=
t
220
1033.96 2 +10.775 2
= 0.213KA.
Sau khi co c ket qua tnh toan ngan mach ta tien hanh
la chon CB theo cac ieu kien (6.4) en (6.8); lu y la, oi
vi cac thiet b la ong c th can quan tam en dong
khi ong cua ong c (dong khi ong cua ong c I k co
the gap 5-7 lan dong lam viec ln nhat I lvmax). Do o Itt >
Ik 7Ilvmax.
Vi cach tnh tng t nh tren, ta co bang ket qua tnh
toan ngan mach va la chon CB sau:
Chng 6
b bao ve
chiudi
(m)
tit
din
(mm2)
R(m)
X(m)
H thng trung p
Psc=500MVA
0.053
0.353
MBA 2x1000KVA
0.96
0
4.29
1.6
CB tng
0.45
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB1
0.45
0.15
19.688
0
1.125
0.08
0.56
0.45
0.032
0.053
0.353
0.96
0
4.29
1.6
CB tng
0.45
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB1
0.45
0.15
19.688
0
1.125
0
495
630
0
382.5
810
0
585
630
0
157.5
585
0
45
810
0.08
0.56
0.45
0.032
0.15
1.76
1.12
0.15
1.36
1.44
0.15
2.08
1.12
0.15
0.56
1.04
0.15
0.16
1.44
0
180
0
180
0
0.3
1.6
0.3
1.6
0.3
MBA ->TT
Dy dn 1(1m)
T-T1
20
800
1
7
150
8
0.4
CB-T1
Dy dn1-1(0.4m)
H thng trung p
Psc=500MVA
MBA 2x1000KVA
MBA ->TT
Dy dn 1 (1m)
T-T1
20
800
1
7
150
8
0.4
CB-T1
Dy dn1-1(0.4m)
CB-P1
P1
P1-CS
22
14
1
1
17
18
1
1
26
14
1
1
7
13
1
1
2
18
1
1
20
2.5
20
2.5
CB-P2
P2
P2-CS
CB-P3
P3
P3-CS
CB-P4
P4
P4-CS
CB-P5
P5
P5-CS
CB-S1
S1
CB-S2
S2
CB-S3
Rt(m)
Xt(m)
Isc(KA)
1.013
6.243
34.785
1.013
7.293
7.823
8.383
27.816
9.7897
21.976
8.865
9.2842
1.013
6.243
34.785
7.293
ImCB
Icn
NF2500S
2500
50
NF400SS
350
35
C60H
25
10
NF2500S
2500
50
NF400SS
350
35
C60H
25
10
C60H
10
10
C60a
16
4.5
C60a
16
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
29.879
1.163
20.851
1.013
M hiu
CB
29.879
1.163
20.851
7.823
8.383
27.816
9.7897
21.976
8.865
9.2842
1034
1664
10.775
11.895
0.2128
0.1322
808.95
1619
13.405
14.845
0.2719
0.1359
1214
1844
17.075
18.195
0.1812
0.1193
358.95
943.95
18.905
19.945
0.612
0.233
133.95
943.95
20.255
21.695
1.6239
0.233
403.95
10.765
0.5444
403.95
10.765
0.5444
Chng 6
b bao ve
chiudi
(m)
tit
din
(mm2)
13
2.5
26
2.5
18
2.5
R(m)
X(m)
Rt(m)
Xt(m)
Isc(KA)
117
0
234
0
162
1.04
0.3
2.08
0.3
1.44
277.95
10.205
0.791
511.95
11.245
0.4296
367.95
10.605
0.5977
0.053
0.353
0.96
0
4.29
1.6
1.013
6.243
34.785
CB tng
0.45
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB1
0.45
0.15
39.375
0
1.125
0
495
630
0
382.5
810
0
585
630
0
157.5
585
0
45
810
0.08
1.12
0.45
0.032
0.15
1.76
1.12
0.15
1.36
1.44
0.15
2.08
1.12
0.15
0.56
1.04
0.15
0.16
1.44
0
180
0
180
0
117
0
234
0
162
0.3
1.6
0.3
1.6
0.3
1.04
0.3
2.08
0.3
1.44
S3
CB-S4
S4
CB-S5
S5
H thng trung p
Psc=500MVA
MBA 2x1000KVA
MBA ->TT
Dy dn 1 (1m)
T-T2
20
800
1
14
150
8
0.4
CB-T2
Dy dn1-2(0.4m)
CB-P1
P1
P1-CS
22
14
1
1
17
18
1
1
26
14
1
1
7
13
1
1
2
18
1
1
20
2.5
20
2.5
13
2.5
26
2.5
18
2.5
CB-P2
P2
P2-CS
CB-P3
P3
P3-CS
CB-P4
P4
P4-CS
CB-P5
P5
P5-CS
CB-S1
S1
CB-S2
S2
CB-S3
S3
CB-S4
S4
CB-S5
S5
1.013
7.293
M hiu
CB
ImCB
Icn
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
NF2500S
2500
50
NF400SS
350
35
C60N
25
C60N
10
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
29.879
1.163
40.538
7.823
8.943
27.816
5.2996
41.663
9.425
5.1503
1073.3
1703.3
11.335
12.455
0.205
0.1292
848.33
1658.3
13.965
15.405
0.2593
0.1327
1253.3
1883.3
17.635
18.755
0.1755
0.1168
398.33
983.33
19.465
20.505
0.5517
0.2237
173.33
983.33
20.815
22.255
1.2602
0.2237
443.33
11.325
0.4961
443.33
11.325
0.4961
317.33
10.765
0.6929
551.33
11.805
0.3989
407.33
11.165
0.5399
Chng 6
b bao ve
chiudi
(m)
tit
din
(mm2)
R(m)
X(m)
0.053
0.353
0.96
0
4.29
1.6
CB tng
0.45
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB1
0.45
0.15
53.438
0
1.125
0
495
630
0
382.5
810
0
585
630
0
157.5
585
0
45
810
0.08
1.52
0.45
0.032
0.15
1.76
1.12
0.15
1.36
1.44
0.15
2.08
1.12
0.15
0.56
1.04
0.15
0.16
1.44
0
180
0
180
0
117
0
234
0
162
0.3
1.6
0.3
1.6
0.3
1.04
0.3
2.08
0.3
1.44
0.053
0.353
0.96
0
4.29
1.6
CB tng
0.45
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB1
0.45
H thng trung p
Psc=500MVA
MBA 2x1000KVA
MBA ->TT
Dy dn 1 (1m)
T-T3
20
800
1
19
150
8
0.4
22
14
1
1
CB-T3
Dy dn1-3(0.4m)
CB-P1
P1
P1-CS
CB-P2
P2
P2-CS
17
18
1
1
26
14
1
1
7
13
1
1
2
18
1
1
20
2.5
20
2.5
13
2.5
26
2.5
18
2.5
CB-P3
P3
P3-CS
CB-P4
P4
P4-CS
CB-P5
P5
P5-CS
CB-S1
S1
CB-S2
S2
CB-S3
S3
CB-S4
S4
CB-S5
S5
H thng trung p
Psc=500MVA
MBA 2x1000KVA
MBA ->TT
20
800
Rt(m)
Xt(m)
Isc(KA)
1.013
6.243
34.785
1.013
7.293
7.823
9.343
27.816
3.9715
55.726
9.825
3.888
1101.5
1731.5
11.735
12.855
0.1997
0.1271
876.45
1686.5
14.365
15.805
0.251
0.1304
1281.5
1911.5
18.035
19.155
0.1717
0.1151
426.45
1011.5
19.865
20.905
0.5153
0.2175
201.45
1011.5
21.215
22.655
1.0861
0.2175
471.45
11.725
0.4665
471.45
11.725
0.4665
345.45
11.165
0.6365
579.45
12.205
0.3796
435.45
11.565
0.505
1.013
6.243
34.785
7.293
ImCB
Icn
NF2500S
2500
50
NF400SS
350
35
C60a
25
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
NF2500S
2500
50
NF400SS
350
35
29.879
1.163
54.601
1.013
M hiu
CB
29.879
Chng 6
b bao ve
chiudi
(m)
tit din
(mm2)
1
22.5
150
8
0.4
R(m)
X(m)
Rt(m)
Xt(m)
Isc(KA)
0.15
63.281
0
1.125
0
495
630
0
382.5
810
0
585
630
0
157.5
585
0
45
810
0.08
1.8
0.45
0.032
0.15
1.76
1.12
0.15
1.36
1.44
0.15
2.08
1.12
0.15
0.56
1.04
0.15
0.16
1.44
1.163
64.444
7.823
9.623
27.816
3.3764
65.569
10.105
3.3161
0
180
0
180
0
117
0
234
0
162
0.3
1.6
0.3
1.6
0.3
1.04
0.3
2.08
0.3
1.44
H thng trung p
Psc=500MVA
0.053
0.353
MBA 2x1000KVA
0.96
0
4.29
1.6
CB tng
0.45
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB1
0.45
0.15
73.125
0
1.125
0
495
630
0
0.08
2.08
0.45
0.032
0.15
1.76
1.12
0.15
Dy dn 1 (1m)
T-T4
CB-T4
Dy dn1-4(0.4m)
CB-P1
P1
P1-CS
22
14
1
1
CB-P2
P2
P2-CS
17
18
1
1
26
14
1
1
7
13
1
1
2
18
1
1
20
2.5
20
2.5
13
2.5
CB-P3
P3
P3-CS
CB-P4
P4
P4-CS
CB-P5
P5
P5-CS
CB-S1
S1
CB-S2
S2
CB-S3
S3
CB-S4
S4
26
2.5
18
2.5
CB-S5
S5
MBA ->TT
Dy dn 1(1m)
T-T5
20
1
26
800
150
8
CB-T5
Dy dn1-5(0.4m)
0.4
22
14
1
1
CB-P1
P1
P1-CS
CB-P2
1121.1
1751.1
12.015
13.135
14.645
16.085
0.2455
0.1289
1301.1
1931.1
18.315
19.435
0.1691
0.1139
446.14
1031.1
20.145
21.185
0.4926
0.2133
221.14
1031.1
21.495
22.935
0.9902
0.2133
491.14
12.005
0.4478
491.14
12.005
0.4478
365.14
11.445
0.6022
599.14
12.485
0.3671
455.14
11.845
0.4832
1.013
6.243
34.785
1.163
74.288
7.293
7.823
9.903
ImCB
Icn
C60a
25
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
NF2500S
2500
50
NF400SS
350
35
C60a
25
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
0.1962
0.1256
896.14
1706.1
1.013
M hiu
CB
29.879
27.816
2.9355
75.413
10.385
2.89
1140.8
1770.8
12.295
13.415
0.1928
0.1242
Chng 6
b bao ve
chiudi
(m)
tit
din
(mm2)
17
18
1
1
26
14
1
1
R(m)
X(m)
Rt(m)
Xt(m)
Isc(KA)
382.5
810
0
585
630
0
157.5
585
0
45
810
1.36
1.44
0.15
2.08
1.12
0.15
0.56
1.04
0.15
0.16
1.44
915.83
1725.8
14.925
16.365
0.2402
0.1275
1320.8
1950.8
18.595
19.715
0.1665
0.1128
0
180
0
180
0
117
0
234
0
162
0.3
1.6
0.3
1.6
0.3
1.04
0.3
2.08
0.3
1.44
0.053
0.353
0.96
0
4.29
1.6
CB tng
0.45
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB1
0.45
0.15
82.969
0
0.08
2.36
0.45
1.163
84.132
1.125
0.032
85.257
10.665
2.5605
0
495
630
0
382.5
810
0
585
630
0
157.5
585
0.15
1.76
1.12
0.15
1.36
1.44
0.15
2.08
1.12
0.15
0.56
1.04
1160.5
1790.5
12.575
13.695
0.1896
0.1229
P2
P2-CS
CB-P3
P3
P3-CS
CB-P4
P4
P4-CS
7
13
1
1
2
18
1
1
20
2.5
20
2.5
13
2.5
26
2.5
18
2.5
CB-P5
P5
P5-CS
CB-S1
S1
CB-S2
S2
CB-S3
S3
CB-S4
S4
CB-S5
S5
H thng trung p
Psc=500MVA
MBA 2x1000KVA
MBA ->TT
Dy dn 1(1m)
T-T6
20
1
29.5
800
150
8
CB-T6
Dy dn1-6(0.4m)
0.4
22
14
1
1
CB-P1
P1
P1-CS
CB-P2
P2
P2-CS
17
18
1
1
26
14
1
1
7
13
1
1
CB-P3
P3
P3-CS
CB-P4
P4
P4-CS
465.83
1050.8
20.425
21.465
0.4718
0.2093
240.83
1050.8
21.775
23.215
0.9098
0.2093
510.83
12.285
0.4306
510.83
12.285
0.4306
384.83
11.725
0.5714
618.83
12.765
0.3554
474.83
12.125
0.4632
1.013
6.243
34.785
1.013
7.293
7.823
10.183
M hiu
CB
ImCB
Icn
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
NF2500S
2500
50
NF400SS
350
35
C60a
25
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
29.879
27.816
2.596
935.51
1745.5
15.205
16.645
0.2351
0.126
1340.5
1970.5
18.875
19.995
0.1641
0.1116
485.51
1070.5
20.705
21.745
0.4527
0.2055
Chng 6
b bao ve
chiudi
(m)
tit
din
(mm2)
2
18
1
1
20
2.5
R(m)
X(m)
Rt(m)
Xt(m)
Isc(KA)
0
45
810
0.15
0.16
1.44
260.51
1070.5
22.055
23.495
0.8415
0.2055
0
180
0
180
0
117
0
234
0
162
0.3
1.6
0.3
1.6
0.3
1.04
0.3
2.08
0.3
1.44
530.51
12.565
0.4146
0.053
0.353
0.96
0
4.29
1.6
CB tng
0.45
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB1
0.45
0.15
92.813
0
1.125
0
495
630
0
382.5
810
0
585
630
0
157.5
585
0
45
810
0.08
2.64
0.45
0.032
0.15
1.76
1.12
0.15
1.36
1.44
0.15
2.08
1.12
0.15
0.56
1.04
0.15
0.16
1.44
0
180
0
180
0.3
1.6
0.3
1.6
CB-P5
P5
P5-CS
CB-S1
S1
CB-S2
S2
20
2.5
13
2.5
26
2.5
18
2.5
CB-S3
S3
CB-S4
S4
CB-S5
S5
H thng trung p
Psc=500MVA
MBA 2x1000KVA
MBA ->TT
Dy dn 1(1m)
T-T7
20
800
1
33
150
8
0.4
CB-T7
Dy dn1-7(0.4m)
CB-P1
P1
P1-CS
22
14
1
1
17
18
1
1
26
14
1
1
CB-P2
P2
P2-CS
CB-P3
P3
P3-CS
CB-P4
P4
P4-CS
7
13
1
1
2
18
1
1
20
2.5
CB-P5
P5
P5-CS
CB-S1
S1
CB-S2
S2
20
2.5
530.51
12.565
0.4146
404.51
12.005
0.5436
638.51
13.045
0.3445
494.51
12.405
0.4447
1.013
6.243
34.785
1.013
7.293
7.823
10.463
27.816
2.3267
95.101
10.945
2.2982
1180.2
1810.2
12.855
13.975
0.1864
0.1215
955.2
1765.2
15.485
16.925
0.2303
0.1246
1360.2
1990.2
19.155
20.275
0.1617
0.1105
505.2
1090.2
20.985
22.025
0.4351
0.2018
280.2
1090.2
22.335
23.775
0.7827
0.2017
550.2
12.845
0.3997
12.845
ImCB
Icn
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
NF2500S
2500
50
NF400SS
350
35
C60a
25
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
29.879
1.163
93.976
550.2
M hiu
CB
0.3997
Chng 6
b bao ve
chiudi
(m)
tit
din
(mm2)
13
2.5
R(m)
X(m)
0
117
0
234
0
162
0.3
1.04
0.3
2.08
0.3
1.44
0.053
0.353
0.96
0
4.29
1.6
CB tng
0.45
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB1
0.45
0.15
102.66
0
1.125
0
495
630
0
382.5
810
0
585
630
0
157.5
585
0
45
810
0.08
2.92
0.45
0.032
0.15
1.76
1.12
0.15
1.36
1.44
0.15
2.08
1.12
0.15
0.56
1.04
0.15
0.16
1.44
0
180
0
180
0
117
0
234
0
162
0.3
1.6
0.3
1.6
0.3
1.04
0.3
2.08
0.3
1.44
CB-S3
S3
CB-S4
S4
26
2.5
18
2.5
CB-S5
S5
H thng trung p
Psc=500MVA
MBA 2x1000KVA
MBA ->TT
Dy dn 1(1m)
T-T8
20
800
1
36.5
150
8
0.4
CB-T8
Dy dn1-8(0.4m)
CB-P1
P1
P1-CS
22
14
1
1
17
18
1
1
26
14
1
1
7
13
1
1
CB-P2
P2
P2-CS
CB-P3
P3
P3-CS
CB-P4
P4
P4-CS
CB-P5
P5
P5-CS
2
18
1
1
20
2.5
20
2.5
13
2.5
26
2.5
18
2.5
CB-S1
S1
CB-S2
S2
CB-S3
S3
CB-S4
S4
CB-S5
S5
Rt(m)
Xt(m)
Isc(KA)
424.2
12.285
0.5184
658.2
13.325
0.3342
514.2
12.685
0.4277
1.013
6.243
34.785
1.013
7.293
M hiu
CB
ImCB
Icn
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
NF2500S
2500
50
NF400SS
350
35
C60a
25
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
29.879
1.163
103.82
7.823
10.743
27.816
2.1078
104.94
11.225
2.0845
1199.9
1829.9
13.135
14.255
0.1833
0.1202
974.89
1784.9
15.765
17.205
0.2256
0.1233
1379.9
2009.9
19.435
20.555
0.1594
0.1095
524.89
1109.9
21.265
22.305
0.4188
0.1982
299.89
1109.9
22.615
24.055
0.7315
0.1982
569.89
13.125
0.3859
569.89
13.125
0.3859
443.89
12.565
0.4954
677.89
13.605
0.3245
533.89
12.965
0.4119
Chng 6
b bao ve
chiudi
(m)
tit
din
(mm2)
R(m)
X(m)
0.053
0.353
0.96
0
4.29
1.6
CB tng
0.45
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB1
0.45
0.15
112.5
0
1.125
0
495
630
0
382.5
810
0
585
630
0
157.5
585
0
45
810
0.08
3.2
0.45
0.032
0.15
1.76
1.12
0.15
1.36
1.44
0.15
2.08
1.12
0.15
0.56
1.04
0.15
0.16
1.44
0
180
0
180
0
117
0
234
0
162
0.3
1.6
0.3
1.6
0.3
1.04
0.3
2.08
0.3
1.44
H thng trung p
Psc=500MVA
0.053
0.353
MBA 2x1000KVA
0.96
0
4.29
1.6
CB tng
0.45
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB1
0.45
H thng trung p
Psc=500MVA
MBA 2x1000KVA
MBA ->TT
Dy dn 1(1m)
T-T9
20
800
1
40
150
8
0.4
CB-T9
Dy dn1-9(0.4m)
CB-P1
P1
P1-CS
22
14
1
1
17
18
1
1
26
14
1
1
7
13
1
1
CB-P2
P2
P2-CS
CB-P3
P3
P3-CS
CB-P4
P4
P4-CS
CB-P5
P5
P5-CS
2
18
1
1
CB-S1
S1
20
2.5
20
2.5
CB-S2
S2
CB-S3
S3
13
2.5
26
2.5
CB-S4
S4
CB-S5
S5
MBA ->TT
18
20
2.5
800
Rt(m)
Xt(m)
Isc(KA)
1.013
6.243
34.785
1.013
7.293
7.823
11.023
27.816
1.9265
114.79
11.505
1.907
1219.6
1849.6
13.415
14.535
0.1804
0.1189
994.58
1804.6
16.045
17.485
0.2212
0.1219
1399.6
2029.6
19.715
20.835
0.1572
0.1084
544.58
1129.6
21.545
22.585
0.4037
0.1947
22.895
24.335
13.405
0.3731
589.58
13.405
0.3731
463.58
12.845
0.4744
697.58
13.885
0.3153
553.58
13.245
0.3973
1.013
6.243
34.785
7.293
Icn
NF2500S
2500
50
NF400SS
350
35
C60a
25
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
NF2500S
2500
50
NF400SS
350
35
0.6867
0.1947
589.58
1.013
ImCB
29.879
1.163
113.66
319.58
1129.6
M hiu
CB
29.879
Chng 6
b bao ve
chiudi
(m)
tit
din
(mm2)
1
43.5
150
8
0.4
R(m)
X(m)
Rt(m)
Xt(m)
Isc(KA)
0.15
122.34
0
1.125
0
495
630
0
382.5
810
0
585
630
0
157.5
585
0
45
810
0.08
3.48
0.45
0.032
0.15
1.76
1.12
0.15
1.36
1.44
0.15
2.08
1.12
0.15
0.56
1.04
0.15
0.16
1.44
1.163
123.51
7.823
11.303
27.816
1.7739
124.63
11.785
1.7574
0
180
0
180
0
117
0
234
0
162
0.3
1.6
0.3
1.6
0.3
1.04
0.3
2.08
0.3
1.44
0.053
0.353
0.96
0
4.29
1.6
CB tng
0.45
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB1
0.45
0.15
132.19
0
1.125
0
495
630
0
0.08
3.76
0.45
0.032
0.15
1.76
1.12
0.15
Dy dn 1(1m)
T-T10
CB-T10
Dy dn1-10(0.4m)
CB-P1
P1
P1-CS
22
14
1
1
17
18
1
1
26
14
1
1
7
13
1
1
CB-P2
P2
P2-CS
CB-P3
P3
P3-CS
CB-P4
P4
P4-CS
CB-P5
P5
P5-CS
2
18
1
1
CB-S1
S1
20
2.5
20
2.5
CB-S2
S2
CB-S3
S3
13
2.5
26
2.5
CB-S4
S4
CB-S5
S5
18
2.5
H thng trung p
Psc=500MVA
MBA 2x1000KVA
MBA ->TT
Dy dn 1(1m)
T-T11
20
800
1
47
150
8
0.4
22
14
1
1
CB-T11
Dy dn1-11(0.4m)
CB-P1
P1
P1-CS
CB-P2
1239.3
1869.3
13.695
14.815
0.1775
0.1177
1014.3
1824.3
16.325
17.765
0.2169
0.1206
1419.3
2049.3
19.995
21.115
0.155
0.1073
564.26
1149.3
21.825
22.865
0.3896
0.1914
339.26
1149.3
23.175
24.615
13.685
0.361
609.26
13.685
0.361
483.26
13.125
0.4551
717.26
14.165
0.3067
573.26
13.525
0.3837
1.013
6.243
34.785
7.293
ImCB
Icn
C60a
25
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
NF2500S
2500
50
NF400SS
350
35
C60a
25
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
0.647
0.1914
609.26
1.013
M hiu
CB
29.879
1.163
133.35
7.823
11.583
27.816
1.6436
134.48
12.065
1.6294
1259
1889
13.975
15.095
0.1747
0.1165
Chng 6
b bao ve
chiudi
(m)
tit
din
(mm2)
17
18
1
1
26
14
1
1
R(m)
X(m)
Rt(m)
Xt(m)
Isc(KA)
382.5
810
0
585
630
0
157.5
585
0
45
810
1.36
1.44
0.15
2.08
1.12
0.15
0.56
1.04
0.15
0.16
1.44
1034
1844
16.605
18.045
0.2127
0.1193
1439
2069
20.275
21.395
0.1529
0.1063
0
180
0
180
0
117
0
234
0
162
0.3
1.6
0.3
1.6
0.3
1.04
0.3
2.08
0.3
1.44
0.053
0.353
0.96
0
4.29
1.6
CB tng
0.45
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB1
0.45
0.15
142.03
0
1.125
0
495
630
0
382.5
810
0
585
630
0
157.5
585
0.08
4.04
0.45
0.032
0.15
1.76
1.12
0.15
1.36
1.44
0.15
2.08
1.12
0.15
0.56
1.04
P2
P2-CS
CB-P3
P3
P3-CS
CB-P4
P4
P4-CS
7
13
1
1
2
18
1
1
20
2.5
20
2.5
13
2.5
26
2.5
18
2.5
CB-P5
P5
P5-CS
CB-S1
S1
CB-S2
S2
CB-S3
S3
CB-S4
S4
CB-S5
S5
H thng trung p
Psc=500MVA
MBA 2x1000KVA
MBA ->TT
Dy dn 1(1m)
T-T12
20
800
1
50.5
150
8
0.4
22
14
1
1
CB-T12
Dy dn1-12(0.4m)
CB-P1
P1
P1-CS
CB-P2
P2
P2-CS
17
18
1
1
26
14
1
1
7
13
1
1
CB-P3
P3
P3-CS
CB-P4
P4
P4-CS
583.95
1169
22.105
23.145
0.3765
0.1882
358.95
1169
23.455
24.895
0.6116
0.1882
628.95
13.965
0.3497
628.95
13.965
0.3497
502.95
13.405
0.4373
736.95
14.445
0.2985
592.95
13.805
0.3709
1.013
6.243
34.785
1.013
7.293
M hiu
CB
ImCB
Icn
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
NF2500S
2500
50
NF400SS
350
35
C60a
25
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
29.879
1.163
143.19
7.823
11.863
27.816
1.5311
144.32
12.345
1.5189
1278.6
1908.6
14.255
15.375
0.172
0.1153
1053.6
1863.6
16.885
18.325
0.2088
0.118
1458.6
2088.6
20.555
21.675
0.1508
0.1053
603.64
1188.6
22.385
23.425
0.3642
0.185
Chng 6
b bao ve
chiudi
(m)
tit
din
(mm2)
2
18
1
1
20
2.5
20
2.5
13
2.5
26
2.5
18
2.5
R(m)
X(m)
Rt(m)
Xt(m)
Isc(KA)
0
45
810
0.15
0.16
1.44
378.64
1188.6
23.735
25.175
0.5799
0.185
0
180
0
180
0
117
0
234
0
162
0.3
1.6
0.3
1.6
0.3
1.04
0.3
2.08
0.3
1.44
648.64
14.245
0.3391
648.64
14.245
0.3391
522.64
13.685
0.4208
756.64
14.725
0.2907
612.64
14.085
0.359
H thng trung p
Psc=500MVA
0.053
0.353
MBA 2x1000KVA
0.96
0
0
4.29
1.6
0.45
1.013
6.243
34.785
0
0
0.6
0.45
1.013
0.15
151.88
0
1.125
0
495
630
0
382.5
810
0
585
630
0
157.5
585
0
45
810
0.08
4.32
0.45
0.032
0.15
1.76
1.12
0.15
1.36
1.44
0.15
2.08
1.12
0.15
0.56
1.04
0.15
0.16
1.44
1.163
153.04
0
180
0
180
0.3
1.6
0.3
1.6
CB-P5
P5
P5-CS
CB-S1
S1
CB-S2
S2
CB-S3
S3
CB-S4
S4
CB-S5
S5
MBA ->TT
20
800
CB tng
Thanh ci (4m)
CB1
Dy dn 1(1m)
T-T13
1
54
150
8
CB-T13
Dy dn1-13(0.4m)
0.4
22
14
1
1
17
18
1
1
CB-P1
P1
P1-CS
CB-P2
P2
P2-CS
CB-P3
P3
P3-CS
26
14
1
1
7
13
1
1
2
18
1
1
20
2.5
CB-P4
P4
P4-CS
CB-P5
P5
P5-CS
CB-S1
S1
CB-S2
S2
20
2.5
7.293
7.823
12.143
Icn
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
NF2500S
2500
NF400SS
350
C60a
25
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
50
35
27.816
1.433
12.625
1.4223
1298.3
1928.3
14.535
15.655
0.1694
0.1141
1073.3
1883.3
17.165
18.605
0.2049
0.1168
1478.3
2108.3
20.835
21.955
0.1488
0.1043
623.33
1208.3
22.665
23.705
0.3527
0.182
398.33
1208.3
24.015
25.455
0.5513
0.182
668.33
14.525
0.3291
14.525
ImCB
29.879
154.16
668.33
M hiu
CB
0.3291
Chng 6
b bao ve
chiudi
(m)
tit
din
(mm2)
13
2.5
26
2.5
18
2.5
R(m)
X(m)
0
117
0
234
0
162
0.3
1.04
0.3
2.08
0.3
1.44
H thng trung p
Psc=500MVA
0.053
0.353
MBA 2x1000KVA
0.96
0
4.29
1.6
CB tng
0.45
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB1
0.45
0.15
161.72
0
1.125
0
495
630
0
382.5
810
0
585
630
0
157.5
585
0
45
810
0.08
4.6
0.45
0.032
0.15
1.76
1.12
0.15
1.36
1.44
0.15
2.08
1.12
0.15
0.56
1.04
0.15
0.16
1.44
0
180
0
180
0
117
0
234
0
162
0.3
1.6
0.3
1.6
0.3
1.04
0.3
2.08
0.3
1.44
CB-S3
S3
CB-S4
S4
CB-S5
S5
MBA ->TT
Dy dn 1(1m)
T-T14
20
1
57.5
800
150
8
CB-T14
Dy dn1-14(0.4m)
0.4
22
14
1
1
17
18
1
1
CB-P1
P1
P1-CS
CB-P2
P2
P2-CS
CB-P3
P3
P3-CS
26
14
1
1
7
13
1
1
2
18
1
1
20
2.5
CB-P4
P4
P4-CS
CB-P5
P5
P5-CS
CB-S1
S1
CB-S2
S2
20
2.5
13
2.5
CB-S3
S3
CB-S4
S4
26
2.5
18
2.5
CB-S5
S5
Rt(m)
Xt(m)
Isc(KA)
542.33
13.965
0.4055
776.33
15.005
0.2833
632.33
14.365
0.3478
1.013
6.243
34.785
1.013
1.163
162.88
7.293
7.823
12.423
M hiu
CB
ImCB
Icn
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
NF2500S
2500
50
NF400SS
350
35
C60a
25
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
29.879
27.816
1.3468
164.01
12.905
1.3373
1318
1948
14.815
15.935
0.1669
0.1129
1093
1903
17.445
18.885
0.2013
0.1156
1498
2128
21.115
22.235
0.1468
0.1034
643.01
1228
22.945
23.985
0.3419
0.1791
418.01
1228
24.295
25.735
0.5254
0.1791
688.01
14.805
0.3197
688.01
14.805
0.3197
562.01
14.245
0.3913
796.01
15.285
0.2763
652.01
14.645
0.3373
Chng 6
b bao ve
DONG NGAN MACH 1 PHA

chiudi
(m)
tit din
(mm2)
R(m)
X(m)
0.053
0.353
0.96
0
4.29
1.6
CB tng
0.45
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB2
0.45
H thng trung p
Psc=500MVA
MBA 2x1000KVA
MBA ->TT
20
800
Rt(m)
Xt(m)
Isc(KA)
1.013
6.243
34.785
1.013
7.293
600
0.16
1.013
7.903
27.612
Chiller 1
77
185
84.284
6.16
85.297
14.063
2.5449
Chiller 2
79
185
86.473
6.32
87.486
20.383
2.4491
0.053
0.353
MBA ->TT
0.96
0
4.29
1.6
1.013
6.243
34.785
CB tng
0.45
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB3
0.45
MBA 2x1000KVA
20
800
1.013
7.293
ImCB
Icn
NF2500S
2500
50
NF1250SS
1250
60
400
35
400
35
NF2500S
2500
50
NF400SS
300
35
80
30
25
2.5
2.5
29.879
Dy dn 2(2m)
H thng trung p
Psc=500MVA
M hiu
CB
NF400SS
NF400SS
29.879
Dy dn 3(1m)
120
0.1875
0.08
1.2005
7.823
27.797
T in tng hm
40
50
54
3.2
55.201
11.023
3.9083
T in tng mi
60
450
4.8
451.2
12.623
0.4874
T in bm
du diezel
20
900
1.6
901.2
9.423
0.2441
T in bm
cha chy
22
6.1364
0.16
7.3369
7.983
20.291
MB100SS
63
30
T in qut
tng p
60
450
4.8
451.2
12.623
0.4874
MB50CS
32
2.5
T in qut
ht khi
60
2700
4.8
2701.2
12.623
0.0814
MB30SS
2.5
T in qut
ht tng hm
40
1800
3.2
1801.2
11.023
0.1221
MB30SS
10
2.5
T in bm
nc sinh hot
14
6.4286
0.16
7.6291
7.983
19.923
MB100SS
50
30
T in bm
nc thi
14
6.4286
0.16
7.6291
7.983
19.923
MB100SS
50
30
0.053
0.353
0.96
0
4.29
1.6
1.013
6.243
34.785
CB tng
0.45
NF2500S
2500
50
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB4
0.45
NF400SS
400
35
400
35
63
30
H thng trung p
Psc=500MVA
MBA 2x1000KVA
MBA ->TT
20
800
1.013
7.293
MB100SS
MB30SS
MB30SS
29.879
Dy dn 4(1m)
600
0.16
1.013
7.903
27.612
Chiller 3
81
185
88.662
6.48
89.797
14.303
2.4195
Thang my 2
33
22
101.25
2.64
102.38
10.463
2.1376
NF400SS
MB100SS
Chng 6
b bao ve
DONG NGAN MACH 3 PHA
Chng 7
thong ien
Noi at trong he
chiudi
(m)
tit din
(mm2)
R(m)
X(m)
0.053
0.353
0.96
0
4.29
1.6
CB tng
0.45
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB2
0.45
H thng trung p
Psc=500MVA
MBA 2x1000KVA
20
MBA ->TT
800
Rt(m)
Xt(m)
Isc(KA)
1.013
6.243
34.785
1.013
7.293
600
0.16
1.013
7.903
27.612
Chiller 1
77
185
9.3649
6.16
10.378
14.063
12.588
Chiller 2
79
185
9.6081
6.32
10.621
14.223
12.394
0.053
0.353
0.96
0
4.29
1.6
1.013
6.243
34.785
CB tng
0.45
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB3
0.45
MBA 2x1000KVA
20
MBA ->TT
800
1.013
7.293
ImCB
Icn
NF2500S
2500
50
NF1250SS
1250
60
400
35
400
35
NF2500S
2500
50
NF400SS
300
35
80
30
25
2.5
2.5
29.879
Dy dn 2(2m)
H thng trung p
Psc=500MVA
M hiu
CB
NF400SS
NF400SS
29.879
Dy dn 3(1m)
120
0.1875
0.08
1.2005
7.823
27.797
T in tng hm
40
50
18
3.2
19.201
11.023
9.9369
T in tng mi
60
225
4.8
226.2
12.623
0.9711
T in bm
du diezel
20
450
1.6
451.2
9.423
0.4875
T in bm
cha chy
22
2.0455
0.16
3.246
7.983
25.529
MB100SS
63
30
T in qut
tng p
60
337.5
4.8
338.7
12.623
0.6491
MB50CS
32
2.5
T in qut
ht khi
60
1.5
1800
4.8
1801.2
12.623
0.1221
MB30SS
2.5
T in qut
ht tng hm
40
1.5
1200
3.2
1201.2
11.023
0.1831
MB30SS
10
2.5
T in bm
nc sinh hot
14
3.2143
0.16
4.4148
7.983
24.116
MB100SS
50
30
T in bm
nc thi
14
3.2143
0.16
4.4148
7.983
24.116
MB100SS
50
30
0.053
0.353
0.96
0
4.29
1.6
1.013
6.243
34.785
CB tng
0.45
NF2500S
2500
50
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB4
0.45
NF400SS
400
35
400
35
63
30
H thng trung p
Psc=500MVA
MBA 2x1000KVA
MBA ->TT
20
800
1.013
7.293
MB100SS
MB30SS
MB30SS
29.879
Dy dn 4(1m)
185
0.1216
0.08
1.1346
7.823
27.831
Chiller 3
81
185
9.8514
6.48
10.986
14.303
12.198
Thang my 2
33
22
33.75
2.64
34.885
10.463
6.0406
NF400SS
MB100SS
CHNG 7
NOI AT TRONG HE THONG IEN
Chng 7
thong ien
Noi at trong he
7.1 CAC KHAI NIEM CHUNG:

e thc hien viec noi at at ung ky thuat va at
hieu qua cao, chung ta can biet cac khai niem c ban sau:
[1]
-
Cac bo phan can noi at (vo kim loai): phan dan
ien cua thiet b khi bnh thng khong co ien, tuy nhien
trong ieu kien h hong se xuat hien ien ap.
1. ng cap:
+ Ong dan;
+ Cac cach ien giay vo ch, boc giap hoac
khong;
+ Cap boc kim loai cach ien giay hoac chat
khoang.
2. Thiet b ong cat:
+ Phan co the thao ri.
3. Thiet b:
+ Vo kim loai cua thiet b co cach ien loai I.
4. Cac phan t khong ien:
+ Ket cau kim loai at cap (khay cap, thang cap);
+ Vat the kim loai:
-
gan day dan tren khong hoac thanh dan;
tiep xuc vi thiet b ien.
- Cac bo phan khong can noi at (khong c coi la

phan vo kim loai).
1. Cac ng, ong nh:
+ i day cach ien;
+ Bang ien bang go hay vat lieu cach ien;
+ Day va cap khong co vo kim loai.
2. Thiet b ong cat: dang kn co cau truc cach ien.
3. Thiet b: cac thiet b co cach ien loai II.
Chng 7
thong ien
Noi at trong he
- Cac phan c coi la bo phan noi at t nhien (vat

dan t nhien)
1. Cac phan t cua cau truc toa nha:
+ Ket cau kim loai va betong cot thep:
-
khung kim loai;
ban coc sat;
ban betong cot thep.

+ Be mat:
nen nha hoac tng co ket cau betong cot thep

co be mat t nhien;
san lot gach.

+ Ket cau boc kim loai: tng boc kim loai.
2. Cac phan t khac:

+ Ong kim loai, ong dan kim loai cha gaz, nc;
+ Cac phan t co kim loai (thung cha, be
cha);
+ Cac ket cau kim loai trong phong tam, giat, ve
sinh
- Cac phan khong c coi la vat dan t nhien:
+ san nha go;
+ san boc cao su;
+ tng gach;
+ tham hoac tham gan tng.
7.2 CAC HE THONG NOI AT TRONG MANG HA AP THEO
TIEU CHUAN IEC:
7.2.1 S O TT: (bao ve noi at) (3 pha 5 day):
Chng 7
thong ien
Noi at trong he
trung tnh
vo kim
loai
at
(TerreT)
at
(TerreT)
L1
L2
L3
N
PE
RndTB
RndHT
Hnh 7.1. S O TT
ac tnh:
-
Phng phap noi at:
iem noi sao (hoac noi sao cuon ha cua bien the phan
phoi) cua nguon se c noi trc tiep vi at. Cac bo
phan can noi at va vat dan t nhien se noi chung ti
cc noi at rieng biet cua li. ien cc nay co the oc
lap hoac phu thuoc ve ien vi ien cc cua nguon, hai
vung anh hng co the bao trum lan nhau ma khong lien
quan en tac ong cua cac thiet b bao ve.
-
Bo tr day PE: (Protective Earth: day noi at bao ve)
Day PE rieng biet vi day trung tnh va co tiet dien c

xac nh theo dong s co ln nhat co the xay ra.
-
Bo tr bao ve chong cham ien gian tiep:
Mach se t ong ngat khi co h hong cach ien. Tren thc

te, cac RCD se am nhan chc nang nay. Dong tac ong
cua chung se nho do co ien tr mac noi tiep cua hai
ien cc noi at.
7.2.2 S O TN:( Bao ve noi trung tnh, noi khong)
trung tnh
at
(TerreT)
vo kim
loai
Trung tnh
(NeutralN)
Chng 7
thong ien
Noi at trong he
Nguon c noi at nh s o TT. Trong mang, ca vo kim loai

va cac vat dan t nhien cua li se c noi vi day
trung tnh. Mot vai phng an cua s o TN la:
- S O TN-C ( 3 pha 4 day) (C- common, compound)
L1
L2
L3
PEN
RndHT
Hnh 7.2. S O TN-C
ac tnh:
Day trung tnh la day bao ve va c goi la PEN. S o nay
khong c phep s dung oi vi cac day nho hn 10mm 2
(day Cu) va 16mm2 (day Al) va thiet b ien cam tay.
S o TN-C oi hoi mot s ang the hieu qua trong
li vi nhieu iem noi at lap lai. Cac vo thiet b va
vat dan t nhien se noi vi day trung tnh.
Cac lap PE: day trung tnh va PE c s dung chung goi
la day PEN.
Bo tr bao ve chong cham ien gian tiep: s o co
dong cham vo va ien ap tiep xuc ln nen:
-
Co the ngat ien trong trng hp h hong cach

ien.
Ngat ien c thc hien bang CB (Circuit Breaker:

may cat t ong ha the hoac cau ch). RCD (thiet b
chong dong ro) se khong c s dung v s co h
hong cach ien c coi la ngan mach pha- trung tnh.
- S O TN-S: (3 pha 5 day) (S - separate)
Chng 7
thong ien
Noi at trong he
L1
L2
L3
N
PE
RndHT
Hnh 7.3. S O TN-S
ac tnh:
Day bao ve va trung tnh la rieng biet. oi vi cap co vo
boc ch, day bao ve thng la vo ch. He TN-S la bat buoc
oi vi mach co tiet dien nho hn 10mm 2 (day Cu) va 16mm2
(day Al) hoac cac thiet b di ong.
Cach noi at:
iem trung tnh cua bien ap c noi at mot lan tai au
vao cua li. Cac vo kim loai va vat dan t nhien se
c noi vi day bao ve PE. Day nay se c noi vi
trung tnh cua bien ap.
Bo tr day PE:
Day PE tach biet vi day trung tnh va c nh kch c
theo dong s co ln nhat co the xay ra.
Bo tr bao ve chong cham ien: do dong s co va ien
ap tiep xuc ln nen:
- T ong ngat ien khi co h hong cach ien;
- Cac CB, cau ch se am nhan vai tro nay, hoac cac
RCD, v bao ve chong cham ien se tach biet vi bao ve
ngan mach pha-pha hoac pha- trung tnh.
- S O TN-C-S:
S o TN-C va TN-S co the c cung s dung trong cung
mot li. Trong s o TN-C-S, s o TN-C (4 day) khong bao
Chng 7
thong ien
Noi at trong he
gi c s dung sau s o TN-S. iem phan day PE tach

khoi day PEN thng la iem au cua li.
TNC
TNS
L1
L2
L3
N
PE
PEN
RndHT
Hnh 7.4. S O TN-C -S
7.2.3 S O IT: (trung tnh cach ly, bao ve noi at)

trung tnh
Cach ly hoac
noi at qua
ien
tr
I Isolate
cach ly
vo kim
loai
at
(TerreT)
L1
L2
L3
N
PE
RndTB
Hnh 7.5. S O IT
Vo kim loai va vat dan t nhien se c noi ti mot ien

cc noi at chung.
S O IT: (noi at qua tong tr)
Chng 7
thong ien
Noi at trong he
Bo han che
qua ap
(Overvoltage
Limiter)
Zs
RndHT
Hnh 7.6. S O IT (noi at qua tong tr)
ac tnh:
Cach noi at:
iem trung tnh cua may bien ap c cach ly vi at
hoac noi at qua ien tr va bo han che qua ap. Trong
ieu kien bnh thng, ap cua no gan bang vi ap cua
vo thiet b qua ien dung ro so vi at cua mach va thiet
b.
Vo cac thiet b va vat dan t nhien cua toa nha se
c noi ti ien cc noi at rieng.
Bo tr day PE: day PE se tach biet vi day trung tnh
va c nh c theo dong s co ln nhat co the.
Bo tr bao ve chong cham ien gian tiep: dong s co
khi ch co h hong cach ien thng thap va khong nguy
hiem.
Kho co kha nang ong thi xay ra s co tai hai iem
neu mang c lap at mot thiet b giam sat cach ien
e bao ve va bao tn hieu khi xay ra s co iem th
nhat. T o co the nh v chnh xac va loai tr no.
Nh vay trong he thong ien ha ap, ta co nhieu cach
noi at khac nhau. Tuy vao muc ch s dung va cach
thiet ke khac nhau, se co nhng s o noi at khac nhau.
Nhng mot khi chon la mot s o nao o th ieu trc
Chng 7
thong ien
Noi at trong he
tien la s o nay phai am bao tnh an toan cho thiet b

ien va tnh mang cua con ngi.
oi vi cong trnh la toa nha cao oc van phong khu
thng mai th thng s dung hai loai s o noi at la: S
o TT va S o TN-C-S.
Vi s o noi at TT th bao ve chong cham ien
gian tiep c thc hien bang cac RCD, gia thanh RCD th
cao hn thiet b bao ve la CB. S o TT th he thong gom
co 5 day (3 day pha, 1 day trung tnh, 1 day bao ve PE) nen
ton kem ve day dan, ac biet la cac loai thiet b ien
c noi bang day dan co tiet dien ln, khi o gia thanh
day dan cung se cao.
Trong khi o s o TN-C-S, bao ve chong cham ien
gian tiep c thc hien bang thiet b bao ve la cac CB,
va vi cac thiet b bao ve nay cung a am bao o tin
cay ve an toan cho con ngi va thiet b ien. Neu dung s
o TN-C th he thong ch gom co 4 day (3 day pha va 1
day PEN), ieu nay tiet kiem c chi ph day dan, ac biet
la khi mang ien s dung nhng day dan co tiet dien ln.
Da vao cac ac iem tren, e he thong va am bao
an toan, va tiet kiem chi ph au t tac gia chon he thong
cung cap ien cho toa nha Citilight Tower theo s o TN-C-S.
7.3 TNH TOAN IEN TR NOI AT CHO CONG TRNH:
oi vi mang ien co ien ap di 1000V, ien tr
noi at tai moi thi iem khong c vt qua 4 (rieng
vi cac thiet b nho, cong suat tong cua may phat ien,
may bien ap khong qua 100KVA cho phep en 10).
Noi at lap lai cua day trung tnh trong mang 380/220V phai
co ien tr khong c qua 10.
Co mot ieu can lu y la he thong noi at cho chong
set va he thong noi at cho thiet b nham am bao an toan
Chng 7
thong ien
Noi at trong he
cho ngi van hanh hoan toan rieng re nhau. Hai he thong
nay co iem ngoai cung cach nhau t nhat t 6m tr len.
( theo quy pham Tiep Khac va mot so nc Chau Au) [3]
(phan nay se c giai thch chng Chong Set).
chng nay tac gia tap trung vao tnh toan noi at
an toan, con noi at chong set se c tnh chi tiet
chng Chong Set.
* TNH TOAN HE THONG NOI AT AN TOAN:
Cac thong so ban au:
-
ien tr noi at yeu cau:

Rn 4 [7]
ien tr suat cua at:

Toa nha Citilight Tower c xay dng Thanh
Pho HCM nen at thuoc loai at boi phu sa.
at = 20 100 m. [7]
Gia s tai thi iem o at = 50 m.
He so ieu chnh theo ieu kien kh hau: [9]
Loai noi
at
Noi at an
toan
Loai ien cc
o chon
sau (m)
Coc thang
ng
0.8
Chon coc tiep at:
He so mua Km
(at kho)
1.4
Chng 7
thong ien
Noi at trong he
t0
t = t0+
Hnh 7.7. Coc noi at chon sau
Coc tiep at la coc thep ma ong co ng knh

d = 20mm, coc dai 3m, o chon sau coc: t 0 = 0.8 m,
khoang cach gia hai coc gan nhau L = 6m.
-
Day noi cac coc tiep at la day ong tran co tiet

dien la 70mm2.
l=3m
to=0.8m
Mat at
Day noi cac coc tiep at Moi han

Day ong tran 70mm2
Coc tiep at
L = 6m
Hnh 7.8 He thong noi at an toan
Tnh toan:
ien tr tan cua mot coc:
Rc =
tt 2l 1 4t + l
ln + ln
,
2l d 2 4t l
(7.1)
Trong o:
l: chieu dai coc tiep at (m), l = 3 m.
d: ng knh coc tiep at (m), d = 20 mm = 0.02m.
t: o chon sau cua coc tnh t gia coc (m),
Chng 7
thong ien
Noi at trong he
t = t0 +
l
3
= 0.8 +
= 2.3 m.
2
2
tt = Km. o = 1.4 x 50 = 70 m.
70
2.3
4 x 2.3 + 3
Rc = 2 .3 ln 0.02 + 2 ln 4 x 2.3 3 = 21.18
c lng s bo so coc can:

n=
Rc
21.18
=
= 5.29 .
Rnd
4
Gia s he thong noi at co 6 coc noi at, day noi

gia chung co ien tr khong ang ke.
Ta co cac thong so sau:
n = 6, Rc = 21.18
ty so
L 6
= =2
l
3
He so s dung coc c = 0.8.

R
21.18
c
ien tr noi at Rn = n = 6 x0.8 = 4.4 > 4 , khong at.
Tang so coc len 7 coc => = 0.8 => Rn = 3.78 < 4 ,

at
Vay so coc can la n = 7 coc.
Chng 8
tiep
Chong set trc
CHNG 8
CHONG SET TRC TIEP
8.1 TONG QUAN VE SET:
8.2 CAC PHNG PHAP CHONG SET:
chon he thong chong set kieu hien ai cho toa nha Citilight
Tower.
8.2 HE THONG NOI AT CHONG SET:
* TNH IEN TR NOI AT CHONG SET:
Cac thong so ban au:
-
ien tr noi at yeu cau:

Rn 10 [7]
ien tr suat cua at:

Toa nha Citilight Tower c xay dng Thanh
Pho HCM nen at thuoc loai at boi phu sa.
at = 20 100 m. [7]
Gia s tai thi iem o at = 50 m.
He so ieu chnh theo ieu kien kh hau: [9]
Loai noi at
Noi at
chong set
Loai ien
cc
Coc thang
ng
o chon
sau (m)
He so mua Km
(at kho)
0.8
1.15
Chon coc tiep at:
t0
t = t0+
Coc tiep at la coc thep ma ong co ng knh

d = 20mm, coc dai 3m, o chon sau coc: t 0 = 0.8 m,
khoang cach gia hai coc gan nhau L = 6m.
Chng 8
tiep
Chong set trc
Day noi cac coc tiep at la day ong tran co tiet

dien la 70mm2.
l=3m
to=0.8m
Mat at
Day noi cac coc tiep at Moi han

Day ong tran 70mm2
Coc tiep at
L = 6m
Hnh 8.2 He thong noi at chong set
Tnh toan:
ien tr tan xoay chieu cua mot coc:
R~c =
tt 2l 1 4t + l
ln + ln
,
2l d 2 4t l
(8.1)
Trong o:
l: chieu dai coc tiep at (m), l = 3 m.
d: ng knh coc tiep at (m), d = 20 mm = 0.02m.
t: o chon sau cua coc tnh t gia coc (m),
t = t0 +
l
3
= 0.8 +
= 2.3 m.
2
2
tt = Km. o = 1.4 x 50 = 70 m.
R~c =
70
2.3
1 4 x 2.3 + 3
+ ln
ln
= 21.18 .
2 .3 0.02 2 4 x 2.3 3
ien tr tan xung kch cua mot coc noi at:

Rxk = xk. R~c
(8.2)
Trong o:
xk: he so xung kch cua coc.
Chng 8
tiep
Chong set trc
R~c: ien tr tan xoay chieu cua mot coc.

Rxk: ien tr xung kch cua coc.
Gia s dong set Is = 20 KA => xk= 0.7 => Rxk = 0.7 x
21.18 = 14.82 .
He noi at co n coc giong nhau (ien tr day noi
gia chung bo qua) ghep song song va cach nhau mot oan
la L th ien tr xung kch cua to hp tnh theo:
Rxk =
R xk
= Rn
n.xk
(8.3)
Trong o:
Rxk: ien tr xung kch cua coc.
xk: he so xung kch cua to hp.
c lng s bo so coc can:
n=
R xk 14.82
=
= 1.48
Rnd
10
Gia s he thong noi at co 2 coc noi at, day noi

gia chung co ien tr khong ang ke.
Ta co cac thong so sau:
n =2, Rxk = 14.82
ty so
L 6
= =2
l
3
He so s dung xung kch coc xk = 0.8.

ien tr noi at Rn =
R xk
14.82
=
= 9.26 < 10 , at.
n xk
2 x0.8
Vay so coc can s dung la 2 coc.

-
CHON THIET B THU SET:

Da tren ban ve mat bang, vi v tr au ESE at
tai v tr trung tam cua toa nha th ban knh bao
ve cua au thu set Rp 40 m.
V vay tac gia chon thiet b thu set vi cac ac
tnh sau:
Chng 8
tiep
Chong set trc
au thu set phat tia tien ao sm ESE hieu Saint

Elmo [7]:
h (m)
Ma hieu
Cap bao ve
Rp (m)
4
III (D = 60m)
41
SE - L = 15 m
Trong o: h: chieu cao au thu set tnh t nh kim en be
mat c bao ve (m).
Rp: ban knh bao ve cua au thu set ESE (m).
L: o li ve khoang cach phong tia tien ao (m).
D : khoang cach kch hoat, phu thuoc vao cap bao
ve I, II, III (m).
-
CHON DAY DAN DONG SET T AU ESE XUONG
HE THONG NOI AT CHONG SET:

e am bao day dan set khong b pha huy khi co
dong ien set i qua th tiet dien cua day khong c nho
hn 50 mm2 [7].
Do o chon day dan co tiet dien la 70 mm 2 lam day
dan set cho cong trnh.
Ket qua va ban luan
KET QUA VA BAN LUAN

en ay th bai toan thiet ke cung cap ien cho cao
oc van phong trung tam thng mai Citilight Tower co the
xem la a hoan thanh. Da tren viec tnh toan nhu cau phu
tai mot cach chi tiet bang phng phap he so s dung,
Luan van a a ra c cac phng an cu the, t viec
chon la may bien ap cong suat 2x1000 KVA, may phat d
phong cong suat 640KVA, cho en viec thiet ke he thong
chieu sang vi phng phap he so s dung, he thong day
dan, he thong noi at theo tieu chuan IEC, he thong chong
set theo phng phap hien ai vi viec dung au ESE phat
tia tien ao sm va s la chon cac thiet b bao ve da
tren dong nh mc, dong ngan mach 3 pha va ngan mach
1 pha sao cho toan bo he thong ien cua toa nha van
hanh at hieu suat cao nhat gan lien vi s am bao an
toan tuyet oi cho con ngi va thiet b ien trong cong
trnh.
Cach giai quyet van e cua luan van la s ket hp
gia thc tien va ly thuyet, trong o nghieng ve ly thuyet
nhieu hn. Mac du ngay nay, vi s phat trien nh vu bao
cua cong thong tin, co rat nhieu phan mem ra i, no co
the giai quyet mot cach nhanh chong bai toan thiet ke
cung cap ien. Nhng chung ta la nhng ngi ky s th viec
nam vng ly thuyet se giup ta s dung nhng phan mem
tren mot cach sang tao va chnh xac hn.
Trong giai oan hoi nhap quoc te, cac tieu chuan Ky
thuat ien cua Viet Nam ngay cang thay oi e phu hp
vi cac tieu chuan cua quoc te; ong thi cac cao oc
van phong khu thng mai cao cap nh Citilight Tower c
Ket qua va ban luan
xay dng ngay cang nhieu hn, th viec ap dung cac tieu
chuan Ky thuat ien quoc te IEC e giai quyet cac van
e trong luan van la mot hng i mang tnh kha thi cao.
Tai lieu tham khao
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO

SACH THAM KHAO
[1] Schneider Electric S.A. (2006). Hng dan Thiet ke lap at
ien theo tieu chuan quoc te IEC. Nha Xuat Ban Khoa Hoc
va Ky Thuat, Ha Noi.
[2] Phan Th Thanh Bnh Dng Lan Hng Phan Th Thu Van.
(2002). Hng dan o an mon hoc Thiet ke cung cap ien.
Nha Xuat Ban ai hoc Quoc gia TP.HCM.
[3] Nguyen Xuan Phu Nguyen Cong Hien Nguyen Boi
Khue. (2005). Cung cap ien. Nha Xuat Ban Khoa Hoc va
Ky Thuat, Ha Noi.
[4] Dng Lan Hng. (2005). Ky thuat chieu sang. Nha Xuat
Ban ai hoc Quoc gia TP.HCM.
[5] Huynh Nhn. (2005). Thiet ke nha may ien va tram bien
ap. Nha Xuat Ban ai hoc Quoc gia TP.HCM.
[6] Ho Van Hien. (2005). Hng dan o an mon hoc ien 1
Thiet ke mang ien. Nha Xuat Ban ai hoc Quoc gia
TP.HCM.
[7] Phan Th Thu Van. (2003). An toan ien. Nha Xuat Ban ai
hoc Quoc gia TP.HCM.
[8] Hoang Viet. (2005). Ky thuat cao ap Tap 2 Qua ien ap
trong he thong ien. Nha Xuat Ban ai hoc Quoc gia
TP.HCM.
[9] Ho Van Nhat Chng. (2003). Bai tap Ky thuat ien cao
ap. Nha Xuat Ban ai hoc Quoc gia TP.HCM.
[10] Comet Lighting Catalogue 4/2007.
[11] Mitsubishi Circuit Breakers Catalogue.
[12] Merlin Gerin Multi 9 Catalogue 2000.
Tai lieu tham khao
TRCH T INTERNET
- Citilight
Tower
tai
http://www.metvuong.com/grouppage
(ngay truy cap 15/10/2007).
Ho
Ch
Minh,
ATS Automatic Transfer Switch Bo chuyen oi nguon t

ong, http://www.imetrade.com/index (ngay truy cap
1/11/2007).
Perkins 2800 640 KVA Generator, http://www.international-power.net

Set
va
cac
giai
phap
phong
chong
http://phuongnamtech.com/newdetail
(ngay
truy
6/12/2007).
Kien
thc
pho
thong
ve
set,
cap
dong,
set,
truy
cap
http://www.thunderstorm.org.vn/kienthuc.htm
Giai phap he thong chong set trc tiep,

http://www.elcom-hcm.com/forum/index
(ngay
6/12/2007).

Thiet Ke Cao Oc Citilight

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Chng 1

Khi bn down ti liu ny v v m ra xem

N6288, thnh vin www.webdien.com

Chieu sang lam viec: dung e am bao s lam

Chieu sang an toan: e phan tan ngi (trong nha

Chieu sang bao ve: can thiet trong em tai cac

1.1.1 LA CHON CAC THONG SO:

Nhiet o mau c chon theo bieu o Kruithof.

Viec s dung tang cng va gian oan cua a

Tuoi tho cua en.

Quang hieu en.

b/ La chon he thong chieu sang:

He 1 (he chieu sang chung):

He 2 (he chieu sang hon hp):.

S la chon TBCS phai da tren ieu kien sau:

Tnh chat cua moi trng xung quanh.

Cac yeu cau ve s phan bo anh sang va s giam

Cac phng an kinh te.

Viec chon o roi phu thuoc vao cac yeu to sau:

Mc o cang thang cua cong viec.

La tuoi ngi s dung.

He chieu sang, loai nguon sang la chon.

Lien Xo co cac phng phap tnh toan chieu sang

My co cac phng phap tnh toan chieu sang sau:

Con Phap th co cac phng phap tnh toan chieu

va ca phng phap tnh toan chieu sang bang cac pham

lam viec khong u. Con oi vi cac en thuy ngan cao

Etc o roi la chon theo tieu chuan

N boden . cacbong / 1bo tong

Phan bo cho o roi ong eu va tranh choi, ac

Thoa man cac yeu cau ve khoang cach toi a gia

N boden .cacbong / 1bo .U

(m); chieu rong b=

3 o roi yeu cau:

4 Chon he chieu sang:

8 Phan bo cac bo en:

13 Quang thong tong :

Chon so bo en: Nboden=

N boden . cacbong / 1bo tong

N boden .cacbong / 1bo .U

17 Phan bo cac bo en:

TNH TOAN CHIEU SANG:

V ac trng cua toa nha Citilight Tower la cao oc van

TNH TOAN CHIEU SANG TANG 2

chieu rong b= 7.5

tng: vang nhat

3 o roi yeu cau:

Etc= 300 (lx)

4 Chon he chieu sang: chung eu

loai: CFR 340

quang thong cac

lam viec: 0.8 (m)

Chon so bo en: Nboden= 15

N boden . cacbong / 1bo tong

Ket luan: thoa yeu cau

N boden .cacbong / 1bo .U

Do cach bo tr cua mat bang xay dng nen khu vc van

chieu rong b= 4.3

(m); chieu rong b= 11.5

chieu rong b= 3.3

1 Kch thc: chieu dai

chieu rong b= 4.3

chieu rong b= 7.5

chieu rong b= 3.3