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Malaysia
(pronounced/mə
ˈ
leɪʒ
ə
/or /mə
ˈ
leɪziə/) is a country inSoutheastAsiathat consists of thirteen states and three Federal Territories, with a total landmass of 329,845 square kilometres (127,354 sq mi). The capital cityisKuala Lumpur, whilePutrajayais the seat of the federal government. The population stands at over 28 million inhabitants. The country is separatedinto two regions,Peninsular MalaysiaandMalaysian Borneo, by theSouth China Sea. Malaysia borders Thailand,Indonesia,SingaporeandBrunei. The country is located near the equator and experiences atropicalclimate.Malaysia'shead of stateis the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, an elected monarch, and thehead of governmentis thePrime Minister. The government is closely modeled after theWestminster parliamentary system.Malaysia as a unified state did not exist until 1963. Previously, theUnitedKingdomhad established influence incoloniesin the territory from the late 18th century. Thewestern half of modern Malaysiawas composed of severalseparate kingdoms. This group of colonies was known asBritish Malayauntilits dissolution in 1946, when it was reorganized as theMalayan Union. Dueto widespread opposition, it was reorganized again as theFederation of Malayain 1948 and later gained independence on 31 August 1957.Singapore,Sarawak,British North Borneoand the Federation of Malaya merged to form Malaysia on 16 September 1963. Tensions in the early yearsof the new union sparked anarmed conflict with Indonesia, and theexpulsion of Singaporeon 9 August 1965.During the late 20th century, this Southeast Asian nation experienced aneconomic boom and underwent rapid development. Bordering theStrait of Malacca, an important international shipping crossroad, international trade isintegral to Malaysia's economy. Manufacturing makes up a major sector of the country's economy. Malaysia has abiodiverserange of flora and fauna, and is also considered one of the 17megadiverse countries.
 
FAST FACTS ABOUT MALAYSIA
Geographic Location
Situated between 2º and 7º to the North of the Equator line, Peninsular Malaysia is separated fromSabah and Sarawak by the South China Sea. In the northern part of Peninsular Malaysia liesThailand, and in the south, neighbouring Singapore. Sabah and Sarawak are bounded byIndonesia while Sarawak also shares borders with Brunei. 
Area
329,758 square km
Population
27.17 million
Capital City
Kuala Lumpur 
People
Malays comprise 57% of the population, while the Chinese, Indian and Bumiputeras and other races make up the rest of the country's population. 
Language
(Bahasa Melayu)Malay is the national language in use, but English is widely spoken. The ethnicgroups also converse in the various languages and dialects. 
Religion
Islam is the official religion of the country, but other religions are widely practised. 
Government
 
Malaysia follows the bicameral legislative system, adopting a democratic parliamentary. Thehead of the country is the King or the Yang Di-Pertuan Agong, a position which is changed everyfive years among the Malay Sultanates. The head of government is the Prime Minister. 
Weather 
The country experiences tropical weather year-round. Temperatures are from 21ºC (70ºF) to 32ºC(90ºF). Higher elevations are much colder with temperatures between 15°C (59° F) to 25°C(77°F). Annual rainfall varies from 2,000mm to 2,500mm.
Main Holidays
 New Year*, Hari Raya Aidiladha*, Federal Territory Day **, Chinese New Year *, AwalMuharam*, Maulidur Rasul*, Labour Day*, Wesak*, King's Birthday*, National Day*Deepavali# Hari Raya Aidilfitri* Christmas* Note: (*) - National Holidays (**) - Putrajaya, Kuala Lumpur & Labuan only (#) - except Labuan& Sarawak 
Economic Profile
Manufacturing constitutes the largest single component of Malaysia's economy. Tourism and primary commodities such as petroleum, palm oil, natural rubber and timber are major contributors to the economy. 
Distance to Malaysia
London, United Kingdom to Kuala Lumpur : 6,557 miles (10,552 km)Paris, France to Kuala Lumpur 6,483 miles (10,432 km)Rome, Italy to Kuala Lumpur : 6,038 miles (9,716 km)Stockholm, Sweden to Kuala Lumpur : 5,812 miles (9,353 km)Berlin, Germany to Kuala Lumpur : 5,979 miles (9,622 km)Madrid, Spain to Kuala Lumpur : 6,885 miles (11,079 km) New York, USA to Kuala Lumpur : 9,400 miles (15,126 km)Los Angeles, USA to Kuala Lumpur : 8,790 miles (14,144 km)Vancouver, Canada to Kuala Lumpur : 7,944 miles (12,783 km)
Currency
The monetary unit of the country is Ringgit Malaysia and is written as RM. The exchange rate isvalued at USD1 = RM3.50. Foreign currencies can be exchanged at banks and money changers. 
Banking Hours
Most states: Monday- Friday: 9.30 am to 4.30 pm. Saturday & Sunday: Closed (Some banks andits branches are opened Saturdays). Kelantan & Terengganu: Sunday - Wednesday :9.30 am to4.30 pm. Thursday :9.30 am to 4.00 pm. Friday/Saturday*/Public holiday: Closed
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