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Forschungsdatenbank der Universität ZürichMedizinische Fakultät > Medizinische Virologie, Institut für > PD Dr. Jürg Böni
Summary / Zusammenfassung
In 1996 the Swiss National Center for Retroviruses (SNCR) reported detection of lowconcentrations of retroviral particles exhibiting reverse transcriptase (RT) activity in all chicken-cell-derived live attenuated virus vaccines, namely chicken-cell-produced monovalent measles or mumps vaccines, the combination MMR vaccine, and yellow fever virus vaccines. This findingwas soon confirmed by other laboratories and the RT containing particles were identified as theendogenous avian retrovirus, EAV-0, an ancient endogenous retrovirus present in all lines of chickens. In some of the vaccines, specifically in measles vaccines of a U.S. manufacturer,sequences of endogenous avian endogenous leukosis virus (ALV subgroup E) were found inaddition to EAV-0 by US. researches.Although the endogenous chicken retroviruses present in the substrates from these manufacturersare defective, their capacity for replication or their exact functional defects have not or onlyincompletely been characterized. This is necessary, however, for two reasons. First, retrovirusesare able to generate virus particles by complementation from multiple defective genomes. Such particles can infect new cells and integrate their genome into that of their host. Second, themechanism for double-stranded retroviral cDNA synthesis involves switches between the two viralRNA molecules present in a particle. This mechanism is responsible for recombination and canresult in the generation of a replication competent recombinant viruses from two defective viralgenomes. Thus, despite the presence of only defective endogenous viruses in the genome of thechicken cell substrates used for vaccine production, transmission of chicken retroviruses to humancells is conceivable.The project focuses on interactions of avian endogenous retroviruses with human cells followingin vitro exposure, and on the the potential transmission of the virus to human vaccinees.
Safety of live attenuated viral vaccines containing endogenous chicken retrovirusesPublications / Publikationen
Böni J, Stalder J, Reigel F, Schupbach J. Detection of reverse transcriptase activity in liveattenuated virus vaccines. Clin. Diagn. Virol. 1996; 5:43-53.Weissmahr RN, Schupbach J, Böni J. Reverse transcriptase activity in chicken embryo fibroblastculture supernatants is associated with particles containing endogenous avian retrovirus EAV-0RNA. J. Virol. 1997; 71: 3005-3012.
Project Leadership and Contacts / Projektleitung und Kontakte
PD Dr. Jürg Böni, Dr. med. vet. (Project Leader)jboeni@immv.uzh.chProf. Dr. Jörg Schüpbach, Dr. med.
Keywords / Suchbegriffe
Live attenuated virus vaccines, endogenous chicken retrovirus, EAV-0
Funding Source(s) / Unterstützt durch
Other Public Sources (e.g. Federal or Cantonal Agencies)
Duration of Project / Projektdauer
Seite 1Project 7133
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Forschungsdatenbank Der Universität Zürich Medizinische Fakultät > Medizinische Virologie, Institut
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| Upload Date: | 11/09/2009 |
| Copyright: | Attribution Non-commercial |
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