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Present Simple and Present Continuous Tense

The Present Simple Tense (sadanje prosto vreme)

Simple Present Tense (Prosto sadanje vreme) se gradi od osnovnog oblika glagola (infinitiv
bez to). Na primer, infinitiv sa to glagola raditi glasi to work a infinitiv bez to glasi
work. Za sva lica osim za tree lice jednine potvrdni oblik prostog sadanjeg vremena
glasi work. Za tree lice se dodaje s.


Potvrdni oblik

Jednina (singular) Mnoina (plural)
I work Ja radim We work Mi radimo
You work Ti radi You work Vi radite
He works On radi
She works Ona radi
It works Ono radi
They work Oni rade


Nastavak s u treem licu jednine moe imati razliite oblike. Ukoliko se glagol zavrava na
vokal o nastavak e glasiti es, kao u primeru glagola go koji u 3. licu jednine glasi goes ili
glagol do koji u 3. licu jednine glasi does.

Ukoliko se glagol zavrava na ch, -sh, -x, -ss, nastavak takoe glasi es. Na primer:

He teaches (teach predavati).
She washes (wash prati).
He kisses (kiss ljubiti).
She fixes (fix popravljati).


Ako se glagol zavrava na y i ukoliko je ispred njega suglasnik, y prelazi u ie. Na
primer:

He cries (cry -plakati).
It flies (fly leteti).


Ako je ispred y samoglasnik, nema promene.

She plays (play igrati).
He stays (stay ostati).


Izuzetak je glagol have (imati) koji u treem licu glasi has.



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Upitni oblik

Upitni oblik glagola u Present Simple Tense-u se gradi od pomonog glagola Do, odnosno
Does (za tree lice jednine) i osnovnog oblika glavnog glagola. Sva pitanja se u engleskom
jeziku dele na Yes/No pitanja i Wh- pitanja. Yes/No nemaju upitnu re i na njih se moe
odgovoriti sa Da ili Ne. Wh- pitanja poinju upitnom reju a one su: when, what, why,
where, how, how much, how many...


Upitni oblik Yes/No questions

Jednina (singular) Mnoina (plural)
Do I work? Da li ja radim? Do we work? Da li mi radimo?
Do you work? Da li ti radi? Do you work? Da li vi radite?
Does he work? Da li on radi?
Does she work? Da li ona radi?
Does it work? Da li ono radi?
Do they work? Da li oni rade?


Na Yes/No pitanja se odgovara kratkim odgovorima (Short answers) na sledei nain:

Jednina (singular) Mnoina (plural)
Do I work? Yes, I do / No, I don't Do we work? - Yes, we do / No, we don't
Do you work? Yes, you do / No, you
don't.
Do you work? Yes, you do / No, you
don't
Does he work? Yes, he does / No, he
doesn't
Does she work? Yes, she does / No,
she doesn't
Does it work? Yes, it does / No, it
doesn't
Do they work? Yes, they do/No, they
don't


Upitni oblik Wh- questions

Jednina (singular) Mnoina (plural)
Where do I work? Gde ja radim? Where do we work? Gde mi
radimo?
Where do you work? Gde ti radi? Where do you work? Gde vi radite?
Where does he work? Gde on radi?
Where does she work? Gde ona radi?
Where does it work? Gde ono radi?
Where do they work? Gde oni
rade?


Odrini oblik

Odrini oblik se gradi od odrinog obika pomonog glagola Do (odnosno Does za tree lice
jednine) i osnovnog oblika glavnog glagola.


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Jednina (singular) Mnoina (plural)
I do not (don't) work Ja ne radim We do not (don't) work Mi ne
radimo
You do not (don't) work Ti ne radi You do not (don't) work Vi ne
radite
He does not (doesn't) work On ne radi
She does not (doesn't) work Ona ne
radi
It does not (doesn't) work Ono ne radi
They do not (don't) work Oni ne
rade


Upotreba

Prosto sadanje vreme se koristi za:

1. Radnje koje se ponavljaju (navike, obiaji, rutine)

I get up at 6 o'clock. - Ja ustajem u 6 sati.
She wears uniform at work. - Ona nosi uniformu na poslu.
The English drink tea at 5 o'clock in the afternoon. - Englezi piju aj u 5 sati
popodne.


U ovom smislu se mogu koristiti i prilozi i fraze za uestalost (rei koje oznaavaju koliko
esto se deava radnja). To su:

Always - uvek
usually - obino
often - esto
sometimes - ponekad
never - nikad
every day - svakog dana
every month - svakog meseca
every year - svake godine, i sl.
once a year - jedanput godinje
twice a day - dvaput dnevno
three times a week - triput nedeljno, i sl.


Prilozi always, usually, often, sometimes, never dolaze pre glavnog glagola u
potvrdnom obliku. Fraze every day, every month, twice a year... najee dolaze na
kraju reenice.

I always go to school at 8 o'clock in the morning. - Ja uvek idem u kolu u 8 sati
ujutru.
She usually drinks tea in the evening. - Ona obino pije aj uvee.
We never eat in the living room. - Mi nikad ne jedemo u dnevnoj sobi.



2. Opte istine (neto to je uvek tano):

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People change money in banks. - Ljudi menjaju novac u bankama.
A day has 24 hours. - Dan ima 24 asa.
The Earth goes around the Sun. - Zemlja se okree oko Sunca.
The Sava flows into the Danube. - Sava se uliva u Dunav.


3. Karakteristike subjekta:

He speaks English very well. - On dobro govori engleski.
My sister plays the piano. - Moja sestra svira klavir


Present Continuous Tense (Sadanje trajno vreme)

Present Continuous Tense (Sadanje trajno vreme) se gradi od glagola TO BE u Present
Simple Tense-u (Prostom sadanjem vremenu), tj. is/am /are + present participle
(sadanji particip) glavnog glagola.

Sadanji particip se gradi kada se na infinitiv doda nastavak ing:

go going
sleep sleeping
work working


Ako se glagol zavrava na jedan suglasnik ispred kojeg stoji kratak, naglaen samoglasnik,
krajnji se suglasnik ispred ing udvostruava. Na primer:

hit udariti particip: hitting
stop prestati particip: stopping
permit dopustiti particip: permitting
begin poeti particip: beginning


Krajnje l se uvek udvostruava. Na primer:

travel putovati particip: travelling


Potvrdni oblik

Jednina (singular) Mnoina (plural)
I am working Ja radim We are working Mi radimo
You are working Ti radi You are working Vi radite
He is working On radi
She is working Ona radi
It is working Ono radi
They are working Oni rade




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Upitni oblik

Upitni oblik Yes/No questions

Jednina (singular) Mnoina (plural)
Am I working? Da li ja radim? Are we working? Da li mi radimo?
Are you working? Da li ti radi? Are you working? Da li vi radite?
Is he working? Da li on radi?
Is she working? Da li ona radi?
Is it working? Da li ono radi?
Are they working? Da li oni rade?


Na Yes/No pitanja se odgovara kratkim odgovorima (Short answers) na sledei nain:

Jednina (singular) Mnoina (plural)
Am I working? Yes, I am / No, I`m not Are we working? - Yes, we are / No, we
arent
Are you working? Yes, you are / No,
you arent
Are you working? Yes you are / No, you
arent
Is he working? Yes, he is / No, he isnt
Is she working? Yes, she is / No, she
isnt
Is it working? Yes, it is / No, it isnt
Are they working? Yes, they are / No,
they arent


Upitni oblik Wh- questions

Jednina (singular) Mnoina (plural)
Where am I working? Gde ja radim? Where are we working? Gde mi
radimo?
Where are you working? Gde ti
radi?
Where are you working? Gde vi
radite?
Where is he working? Gde on radi?
Where is she working? Gde ona radi?
Where is it working? Gde ono radi?
Where are they working? Gde oni
rade?


Odrini oblik

Odrini oblik Present Continuous Tense-a (Sadanjeg trajnog vremena) se gradi od
odrinog oblika pomonog glagola TO BE u sadanjem vremenu i Present Participle-a
(sadanjeg participa) glavnog glagola.


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Jednina (singular) Mnoina (plural)
I am not (I'm not) working Ja ne
radim
We are not (aren't) working Mi ne
radimo
You are not (aren't) working Ti ne
radi
You are not (aren't) working Vi
ne radite
He is not (isn't) working On ne radi
She is not (isn't) working Ona ne
radi
It is not (isn't) working Ono ne radi
They are not (aren't) working Oni
ne rade


Upotreba

Present Continuous Tense (Sadanje trajno vreme) se koristi za:

Radnju koja se deava u trenutku govora, te se stoga uz njega esto nalaze
vremenske odrednice now (sada) i at the moment (u ovom trenutku):
o She is reading a book at the moment. - Ona trenutno ita knjigu.

Privremenu radnju:
o We're living in my sister's flat until we find a new house to buy. -
ivimo u kui moje sestre dok ne naemo novu kuu da kupimo.

Planove vezane za budunost:
o I am visiting my sister next weekend. - Sledeeg vikenda u posetiti
svoju sestru.


Glagoli koji se ne upotrebljavaju u Present Continuous-u

Jedan broj glagola najee ne moe da bude upotrebljen u trajnim vremenima. Najvaniji
od njih su:

hear uti,
see videti
taste okusiti
smell mirisati
remember setiti se
understand razumeti
wish eleti
want hteti
know znati itd.


Oni se, umesto u Present Continuous Tense-u, koriste u Present Simple Tense-u.

I hear a noise in the next room. - ujem nekakvu buku u susednoj sobi.
Stop! Don't you see the red light? - Stani! Zar ne vidi crveno svetlo?
This cake tastes good. - Ovaj kola ima dobar ukus.
Do you remember our first dance? - Sea li se naeg prvog plesa?
I wish you a lot of happiness. - elim vam mnogo sree.

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I know that you don't understand me. - Znam da me ne razumete.