Abstract Book C++

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if 41.......................................................................
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-4 48.............................................................................................switch:
switch 49............................................................
52..........................................................................................................:
-1 52....................................................................................................for
for 53....................................................................:
-2 53.................................................................................................while
-3 53............................................................................................do while
do-while 54..............................................................
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index 66......................................................................:
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return datatype 71.................................................................return :
73................................................................................................:
header file 73.....................................................................................:

.h 75..................................................................................................:
76.........................................................................................................structs
77.......................................................................................................class:
79.................................................................................................:
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this is my first programme

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-my name is ahmad.
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statment
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my name is ahmad .i'm a student Press any key
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cout <<enter the first letter of your
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; cin>>name
; cout <<how old are you ?<<endl
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cout <<the first letter of your name
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press any key to continue.
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36
)(void main
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;int x,y
;cout<<"enter 2 numbers "<<endl
;cin>>x>>y
;)bool isequal=(x==y
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;)isequal=equal(x,y
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;cout<<"equal"<<endl
else
;cout<<"not equal"<<endl
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equal
1 0
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; int min,hour,second
; char time
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}
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?how many hours did you sleep lastnight

6
you slept last night360minute
and you are over the normal ratio by
-2hours
38
//using operation in c++

#include<iostream.h>
void main()
{
cout <<"how many hours did you sleep
lastnight? "<<endl;
int hours,min ,m_P;
cin>>hours;
min =hours*60;
m_p=hours-8 ;
cout <<"you slept last night"
<<min<<"minute"<<endl;
cout <<"and you are over the normal ratio by
"<<m_p<<"hours"<<endl ;
}
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if
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cout <<"sorry you can't enter. you are under
; 160 c.m"<<endl
else
; cout<<"welcom !!"<<endl
}
41
if(condition)
statement
if(condition)
{
block of statements
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if
if
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}
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{
}
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44
45
46
//using if else if control structure

void main()
{
int a,b,c;
cout <<"enter the first number"<<endl ;
cin>>a;
cout <<"enter the second number"<<endl;
cin>>b;
cout <<"enter the third number "<<endl;
cin>>c;
if(a>b)
{//start of first if
if (a>c)
cout <<"the biggest number is"<<a<<endl;
else
cout <<"the biggest number is"<<c<<endl;
}//end of first if
else if(c>b)
{//start of else if
if (c>b)
cout <<"the biggest number is"<<c<<endl;
else
cout <<"the biggest number is"<<b<<endl;
}//end of else if
}//end of the programme
:
)
(
:
11 1

enter the first number

2
enter the second number
5
enter the third number
9
the biggest number is9
47
enter the sympole of the operation

+
enter the two numbers
3
6
result= 9
48
//basic calculator in c++

void main()
{
char operation;
cout <<"enter the sympole of the
operation"<<endl ;
cin>>operation;
int a,b,r ;
cout <<"enter the two numbers "<<endl ;
cin>>a>>b;
switch(operation)
{
case'+':r=a+b;
break;
case'*':r=a*b;
break;
case'/':r=a/b;
break;
case'-':r=a-b;
break;
}
cout<<"result= "<<r<<endl ;
}
K break case
break
break r=a+b=9+5
break r=a*b=5*9:
.switch
:switch -4

switch(expretion)
{
case value 1 : statement1;
break ;
case value 2 : statemen2;
break ;
case value n : statementn;
break;
}
49
switch
Case 1
Case1 body
Case2 body
Case 2

defualt body
defualt
End switch
19

:
default switch
:
50
switch(operation)
{
case'+':r=a+b;
break ;
case'*':r=a*b;
break;
case'/':r=a/b;
break;
case'-':r=a-b;
break;
default : cout <<this operation is not supported<<endl ;
}
:
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51
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
52
//using looping structure(for)

void main ()
{
int i;
for(i=1;i<11;i++)
{
cout<<i<<endl ;
}
}
:
:
for -1
:
for(first value;condition ; increas or decreas)
{
statement/s
}
53
for :
for

for
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:
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{
;statement/s
increas or decreas
}
-3 do while
do
{
statement/s
increas or decreas
}
;)while(condition
54
do-while
do-
while
do-
while
//using looping structure(do while)

void main ()
{
int i=1;
do
{
cout<<i<<endl ;
i++;
}
while(i<11);
}
55
: i
.
:
i
j 11
56
57
:
b g a j
a
c
d
e
f
g
//continue statement
void main()
{
for(char a='a';a<='g';a++)
{
if(a=='b')
continue;
cout<<a<<endl ;
}
}
:
if(a=='b')
.
58
:
j 1 5
:break
//using break statement
)(void main
{
;int a=1
)for(a=a;a<6;a++
{
)if(a==6
;break
; cout<<a<<endl
}
}
1
2
3
4
5
break :continue
break continue .
break .switch, for , while ,do while
59

break
End loop
continue ) switch
continue (switch

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:

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100
100 .
;int a[4]={1,2,3,4},temp
)for(int i=0;i<3;i++
{
)for(int j=0;j<3-i;j++
{
)]if(a[j]<a[j+1
{
;]temp=a[j
;]a[j]=a[j+1
;a[j+1]=temp
}
}
}
61

i j
i 0 arrsize-1 j 0 arrsize-1-i

0<i<3
i++
0<j<3-i
j++
i=0
1
2+1
j=2
2
j=0
j=1
[j=[0,3-0
i=1
4
j=3
1
1+1
3
j=1
j=0
[j=[0,3-1
62
i=2
4
j=3
j=2
2
j=0
0+1
[j=[0,3-2
: pointers
0 ] arr[0 1

:
.
.
; pointee_datatype *pointername
* ;
63
:

.
:
-1 :
* j :
;int a=5
;int *p=&a
;cout<<*p<<endl
:
5
-2 :dynamic allocate

j
new
: delete
:new
64
pointee_datatype *pointername ;
pointername=new datatype[size];
: delete
Delete pointername;
new delete
.
:
enter the size :

25
test(1)befor delete:5
test(2)after delete:-572662307
void main()
{
int nwsize;
cout<<"enter the size : \n";
cin>>nwsize;
int *ptr;
ptr=new int[nwsize];
*ptr=5;
cout<<"test(1)befor delete:"<<*ptr<<endl;
delete ptr;
cout<<"test(2)after delete:"<<*ptr<<endl;
}
? new
65
)(void main
{
;int nwsize
;"cout<<"enter the size : \n
;cin>>nwsize
;int *ptr
;]ptr=new int[nwsize
)for(int i=0;i<nwsize;i++
{
;*(ptr+i)=2*i
}
)for(int j=0;j<nwsize;j++
{
enter the size :

5
0
2
4
6
8
_Press any key to continue
;cout<<*(ptr+j)<<endl
}
}
)&(
j

:
//adress operator
)(void main
{
;int var=5
cout<<"the memory adress of this
;variable is :"<<&var<<endl
}
the memory adress of this variable is :

0x0012FF7C

.
66
index :
:
=
:
arr=&arr
1024 2048 1024

int
;]cout<<arr[0

)*(1024+0

)*(1024+5
index

]arr[0
K .
:
67
68
69
)(void main
{
;}int arr[5]={1,2,3,4,5
;int *ptr=arr
)for(int i=0;i<5;i++
{
;"cout<<arr[i]<<"\t
}
;"cout<<"\n\n\n
;cout<<"now !!! reading array element using pointers"<<endl
)for(int j=0;j<5;j++
{
;"cout<<*(arr+j)<<"\t
}
;cout<<endl
////ptr=arr=&arr
)for(int k=0;k<5;k++
{
;"cout<<*(ptr+k)<<"\t
}
;cout<<endl
]cout<<*arr<<endl;//=arr[0
]cout<<arr<<endl;//=&arr[0
cout<<&arr<<endl;//arr=&arr
}
):( functions

j

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j

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:
70
//
; ) (Return datatype function name
)(Void main
{
.
.
; ) (function name
.
.
}
)(Return datatype Function name

{

;return
}
main :
//
)(Return datatype Function name
{

;return
}
)(Void main
{
.
.
; ) (function name
.
.
}
71
return datatype : return

:

:
) ( return datatype ) return
(
:
.
3
void type(char a,int n)//
{
)for(int i=0;i<n;i++
;"cout<<a<<"\n
}
)(void main
{
;char a;int b
;cout<<"enter(char,number)"<<endl
;cin>>a>>b
type(a,b);//
}
)enter(char,number
72
ASCII
enter first char and final char

c
g
cdefgPress any key to continue
char typechar(char a)
{
return a;
}
void main()
{
char a,b;
cout<<"enter first char and final
char\n";
cin>>a>>b;
for(char i=a;i<=b;i++)
cout<<typechar(i);
}
:
:
y z
w= 45
z y
int calc(int y,int z)
{
if(y*z>0)
return z-y;
else if(y*z<0)
return y-z;
else if(y*z==0)
return 45;
}
void main()
{
int y,z;
cout<<"enter (y,z)\n"<<endl;
cin>>y>>z;
cout<<calc(y,z)<<endl;
}
: y.z0
: y.z=0
: y.z0
enter (y,z)
3
6
3
73
:
:
.
:
.
19 34

header file :
add
;)int add(int,int
)(void main
{
;int a,b
;"cout<<"enter 2 numbers ?please!\n
;cin>>a>>b
;cout<<"result:"<<add(a,b)<<endl
}
)int add(int a,int b
{
;return a+b
}
add :
6 learncpp
74
add.cpp -1
Int add(int a,int b)
{
return a+b;
}
main.cpp-2
.
int add(int,int);
void main()
{
int a,b;
cout<<"enter 2 numbers ?please!\n";
cin>>a>>b;
cout<<"result:"<<add(a,b)<<endl;
}
main.cpp add add
add.h-3
:
#ifndef ADD_H
#define ADD_H
int add(int x,int y);
#endif
enter 2 numbers ?please!

2
3
result:5
press any key to continue.
#include"add.h"
int add(int,int);
void main()
{
int a,b;
cout<<"enter 2 numbers ?please!\n";
cin>>a>>b;
cout<<"result:"<<add(a,b)<<endl;
}
75
add >< . iostream.h

j
K directory

.h :
iostream .h iostream.h
iostream .
c++ standard runtime library .h
cout cin iostream.h ANSI
runtime std namespace

.h standar .h
standar .h
)American Nat ional St andard s Institut e ( ANSI
76
structs
j
:
j :
Struct ID
{
; int age
;]char name[256
;char sex
;}

:
;ID ahmad
:
;ahmad.age=30
;]ahmad.name[256
;ahmad.sex
:
)(void main
{
struct ID
{
; int age
;]char name[256
;char sex
;}
;ID ahmad
;ahmad.age=30
;cout<<"enter your name"<<endl
;cin>>ahmad.name
;'ahmad.sex='m
"<<cout<<"name:"<<ahmad.name<<"\nage:"<<ahmad.age
;\nsex:"<<ahmad.sex<<endl
}
enter your name

ahmad
name:ahmad
age:30
sex:m
77
:class

j

j
opject oriented programming
.

:
-
- :

78
:
- .
: j
.
79
//
Class name
{
Private:
;Int Book_number
;Int sold
;Int remain
Public:
)(Void input
{
j
}
)(Void book
{

}

) (
)(Void main
{

}
35 39

private .
.
36-35 .
.
)(Void main
{

; class_name object name

;)(object name.function member
}
80
:

.
:
enter the time please

01
29
30
time .now is:
1:29:30
class readtime
{
private:
int min;
int hor;
int sec;
public:
void input();
void output();
};
void time::input()
{
cout<<"enter the time please\n";
cin>>hor>>min>>sec;
}
void time::output()
{
cout<<"time .now is:\n";
cout<<hor<<":"<<min<<":"<<sec<<endl;
}
void main()
{
time obj;
obj.input();
obj.output();
}
j

:
: .h -1
//readtime.h
#ifndef READTIME_H
#define READTIME_H
class time
{
private:
int min;
int hor;
int sec;
public:
void input();
void output();
}
#endif
81
: -2
//readtime.cpp
#include"readtime.h"
void input()
{
cout<<"enter the time please\n";
cin>>hor>>min>>sec;
}
void output()
{
cout<<"time .now is:\n";
cout<<hor<<":"<<min<<":"<<sec<<endl;
}
: -3
main
//main.cpp
#include"readtime.h"
void main()
{
time obj;
obj.input();
obj.output();
}
82
:
e7aaprj@gmail.com .

.

:
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j .

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1

header file 73.....................................................................................:

this is my first programme

/*adde any comment you want here*/

my name is ahmad .i'm a student Press any key

//a programme shows the job of endl

4 cplusplus.comC++ Language Tutorial

?how many hours did you sleep lastnight

//using operation in c++

c++ language tutorial 5

? how tall are you

//using if else if control structure

enter the first number

enter the sympole of the operation

//basic calculator in c++

//using looping structure(for)

//using looping structure(do while)

enter the size :

enter the size :

the memory adress of this variable is :

1024 2048 1024

)(Return datatype Function name

return datatype : return

enter first char and final char

main.cpp add add

enter 2 numbers ?please!

add >< . iostream.h

runtime std namespace

)American Nat ional St andard s Institut e ( ANSI

enter your name

; class_name object name

enter the time please

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/adde any comment you want here/