GENNA GERON

JAMIE SWEAT
EDUC 422
Fall '09

1. Background Beach (copyright history) portion done by Genna Geron

Definition of Copyright: Copyright is defined as the exclusive right of a

creator to reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute, perform,
display, sell, lend or rent their creations.

Forms of Copyright Protection:

* Poetry
* Prose
* Computer programs
* Artwork
* Music-- written or recorded.
* Animations
* Movies and videos
* Java Applets
* A "web page"
* Architectural Drawings
* Photographs
* And more forms of expression...

What Copyright DOESN'T Protect:

* Ideas
* Titles
* Names
* Short phrases
* Works in the public domain
* Mere facts
* Logos and slogans (although protected by trademark)
* Blank forms that only collect information rather than provide
information.
* URL'S (i.e., a link to a web site.)

The Five Right's of the Copyright Owner (Copyright Act Grant):

1. The right to reproduce the copyrighted work.

 2. The right to prepare derivative works based upon the original(s).
3. The right to distribute copies of the work.
4. The right to perform the work publicly.
5. The right to display the work publicly.

Application for Teachers:

We can use them as "FAIR USE". "Fair Use" has a core belief that
copying should be allowed for purposes of criticism, news reporting,
teaching and scholarly research. However, Fair Use can be considered
controversial because it gives the non- copyright owner permission to
make copies w/o due payment to the owner. The 1976 Copyright Act
set forth four provisions by which copyrighted materials could be used
in non-profit educational settings...
So as far as copying an image for a report or quoting references out of
books, we can use copyrighted sources for non-profit educational
purposes.

2. Multimedia Wharf (fair use privileges in the creation of multimedia)

portion done By Genna Geron

Definition of Multimedia: Also known as "hypermedia," multimedia

involves the integration of text, graphics, audio and/or video into a
computer-based environment.

The "Fair Use Guidelines for Educational Multimedia"

* Students may incorporate others' works into their multimedia

creations and perform and display them for academic assignments.
* Faculty may incorporate others' works into their multimedia
creations to produce curriculum materials.
* Faculty may provide for multimedia products using copyrighted
works to be accessible to students at a distance (distance learning),
provided that only those students may access the material.
* Faculty may demonstrate their multimedia creations at
professional symposia and retain same in their own portfolios.

Amount of Copyrighted Educational Media That May Be Used:

* For motion media -(e.g., video clips) up to 10% or 3 minutes,

whichever is less.
* For text- up to 10% or 1000 words, whichever less.
* For poems -
o up to 250 words.
 o Three poem limit per poet
o Five poem limit by different poets from an anthology.
* For music - up to 10% or 30 seconds, whichever is less.
* For photos and images
o Up to 5 works from one author.
o Up to 10% or 15 works, whichever is less, from a collection.
* Database information-- up to 10% or 2,500 fields or cell entries,
whichever is less.

Privileges of the Fair Use Guidelines on Multimedia:

While not perfect, the Fair Use Guidelines for Educational Multimedia
make it possible for educators and students to proceed with confidence
to use small portions of copyrighted works in the creation of
multimedia and hypermedia products. (without permission, without
payment to publisher)

Application for Teachers:

Multimedia is always a great resource to use in the classroom. I
could use this copyright in showcasing concepts to my students
through short video clips and or movies.

3. Single Copying Inlet ( fair use privileges in making copies of print

materials for scholastic purposes) Portion done By Genna Geron

The House Guidelines state that teachers may make single copies of
the following:

* A chapter from a book.

* An article from a periodical or newspaper.
* A...
o short story
o short essay
o short poem
o ...whether or not from a collective work.
* A chart, graph, diagram, drawing cartoon or picture from a
o book
o periodical
o newspaper.

Copy Privileges for Teachers and Students:

For research purposes, a teacher may select books, magazine or
journal articles, or other documents to be placed in the library's
reserve room, which functions as an extension of the classroom.
Students may borrow these materials and make single copies on
machines that are plainly marked with notices citing protection of the
works under the Copyright Act. The students, as users of self-service
photocopiers, are held accountable for any copyright violations.

Course packs/ Multiple Copies:

Syracuse University says it will work with instructors to acquire
copyright permission to produce such packets that are sold in college
bookstores.

* Materials placed in a coursepack may probably have to meet fair

use guidelines for multiple classroom copies for which there are...
o Limitations for brevity.
o Limitations to one semester or term.
* The copying should be done by and within a non-profit educational
setting. (absolutely not by a for-profit agency).
* The acquisition of permissions or licensing may have to be
considered.
* The college attorney should be consulted to clear up questions of
ambiguity (which are legion).
* The best solution may be to place the materials that would
otherwise go in a course pack on reserve in the library.

Application for Teachers:

Making copies is a MUST for all teachers, otherwise students will spend
class time breaking their fingers from writing down notes. I could
would use these privileges to my advantage by copying any resources
helpful to my students such as: coloring pages, math worksheets,
science worksheets, English worksheets, etc. I could also use this
privilege to print out literary works for my students to keep.

4. COVE OF MULTIPLE COPIES by Jamie Sweat

Rules on using copies in classroom: "fair use"

- FOR ARTICLES:

* 2,500 word limit

* For longer work of prose: 1,000 word limit
* OR 10% of the work (which ever is less)

-FOR POEMS:
 * 250 word limit
* For a longer poem: no more than 250 words on an excerpt

-NO MORE THAN 1 CHART, DIAGRAM OR PICTURE

* From a book
* From a periodical
* From a newspaper

-THE COPYING MUST BE DONE....

* At the initiative of the teacher

* At the time when you cannot get permission from the original
copyright owner

-COPYING IS ONLY DONE FOR ONE COURSE

-THE SAME PIECE OF WORK IS NOT COPIED FROM TERM TO TERM
-WHEN NO CHARGE IS MADE TO THE STUDENT
-NO MORE THAN:

* 1 piece of work is copied from a single author

* 2 authors are copied from a single piece of work
* 9 instances of multiple copying occur during a semester or term

-"CONSUMABLE WORKS" cannot be used for workbooks or standardized

tests

5. AUDIO VISUAL LAGOON by Jamie Sweat

Audio visual work incorporates a sequence of pictures, sounds, or a
combination of both. Audio visual work is not the same as multimedia.
Multimedia incorporates tests, graphics, sounds and/or video clips
composed on a computer. Some examples of audio visual work are:
-VIDEOS

* DVD'S: movies
* Laserdiscs
* VHS tapes
* Filmstrips with or without sound
* 16 mm movies
* 35 mm slides

In 1976, a copyright act was created. The 1976 Copyright Act states
teachers to use audio visual works with students only in a face-to-face
teaching situation. This includes the use of audio visual works to
students at a distance without permission. But, it has allowed people to
use audio visuals under certain conditions. Audio visual lagoon
explains that it is illegal to copy an entire audio visual piece of work or
to convert it to another format. For example, you cannot:

* Copy a disc onto a videotape

* Copy a videotape onto a VHS tape
* Copy a 16 mm film onto a VHS videotape

6. DIST-ED POINT by Jamie Sweat

The TEACH Act allows teachers to use pieces of copyrighted material
without permission. But, criteria is necessary for the TEACH Act.

CRITERIA from the TEACH ACT........

* If there is an available digital version of the copyrighted work, it

must be used

* If there isn't a digital version available, then it is at the teacher's

discretion:
1. ex) a clip from a VHS tape can be digitized within the TEACH Act
2. The copy of the digital work may be stored on a network as long as
no one has access to it
* May be used to satisfy the instructional goals, but only a limited
amount of work
* The amount of work used should be comparable to what would be
displayed in a current classroom setting when using images, pictures
and displays
* All used materials have to be related to the teaching content
within the classroom
* You may not create any other copies other than the ones used for
digital transmission
* You must always obtain permission to copy an Audio Visual piece
of work

There must be policies that administer the use of copyrighting.

Institutions must offer information about copyrighting and the laws
enforced with copying material. By simply placing a copyright
protection image on the copyrighted material, you are creating a
notice to students and users that you may not copy the material or
piece of work.