Case 1

Juli, 26 years old, is unable to conceive after 4 years of marriage. Her husband
Roman, 32 years old, aears to be in good health. Juli and Roman consulted their
family hysician !ho referred them to an infertility clinic.
"uestions#
1. ho! common is infertility in coules !ho !ant to have a baby$
2. !hat doyou thin% is the li%ely roblem in thes coule$
3. !hat investigation&s' !ould you recommend first
4. !hat is fertili(ation, and ho! is the rocess and the result$
Case 2
) 2* year+old !oman !ith a history of regular menstrual cycles !as * days overdue
on menses. ,!ing to her mental distress related to the abnormal bleeding and the
undesirability of a ossible regnancy, the doctor decide to do a menstrual e-traction
or uterine evacuation. .he tissue removed !as e-amined for evidence of a regnancy.
"uestions#
1. !hat findings !ould indicate an early regnancy$
2. ho! old the roducts of concetion be$
3. !hat structures might be recogni(able$
Case 3
) 2/+year+old !oman, !ho has been a cigarette smo%er since her teens, !as informed
that she !as in the second month of regnancy.
"uestions#
1. !hat !ould the doctor li%ely tell the atient about her smo%ing habit and the
use of other drugs &e.g., alcohol'$
2. !hy may information about the starting date of a regnancy rovided by a
atient be unreliable$
3. discuss germ layer formation and organogenesis,
Case 4
) hysician told a regnant !oman that she had olyhydramnions.
"uestions#
1. if you as%ed to e-lain the meaning of this clinical condition, !hat !ou%d b!
your ans!er$
2. !hat condition are often associated !ith olyhydramnions$
3. e-lain !hy olyhydramnions occurs
4. !hat is the function of amnioticfluid$
*. if the concetion !as t!ins, ho! !ould you determine !ether they !ere 01
or 21$