De Rerum NaturaeLUCRETIUS

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LAT0019
Titus ucretius Carus
De Rerum Natura
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I#+N
IntraTe!t "tandard
#ile Num$er
LAT0019
Author
Lucretius Carus Titus
%see also the author card&
Title
!e "eru# Natura
#ubtitle
Library 'ection $hilosophica
Latina "o#ana
Document
Language
Lingua latina
%see also the relevant Catalogue by Language&
Inter*ace
Language
English
IntraText ,dition
III
-ord'
%&'()
.T&L /age'
%*%+
La't 0!dated
,year.#onth.day-
.''..'(.()
'est viewed with any $rowser at ())!*))
The IntraTe!t+ Digital i$rary , - .//*,0))1 2ulogos , ast 3pdated4 0))15)6507
1
http://www.intratext.com/y/LAT0019.HTM extrado em 16/08/200
Titus Lucretius Carus
!e "er#m $at#ra
III IntraText ,dition CT
Copyright 1ulogo' .''. - /ee also: Credit'
IntraTe!t CT is the hyperte!tuali8ed te!t together with wordlists and concordances5
%2er2ie" - Text 3 'earch - Li't' - Concordance' - 4lo''ary - +or ea'ier reading555
- Index -
"tatistics and graphs %9ccurrences4 1/).65 :ords4 .)/77&
i$er I
i$er II
i$er III
i$er I;
i$er ;
i$er ;I
2
Liber I
Aenead#m %enetrix& homin#m di'om(#e 'o)#pta*&
a)ma +en#*& cae)i *#,ter )a,entia *i%na
(#ae mare na'i%er#m& (#ae terra* -r#%i-erenti*
conce)e,ra*& per te (#oniam %en#* omne animant#m
concipit#r 'i*it(#e exort#m )#mina *o)i*:
te& dea& te -#%i#nt 'enti& te n#,i)a cae)i
ad'ent#m(#e t##m& ti,i *#a'i* daeda)a te))#*
*#mmittit -)ore*& ti,i rident ae(#ora ponti
p)acat#m(#e nitet di--#*o )#mine cae)#m.
nam *im#) ac *pecie* pate-acta*t 'erna diei
et re*erata 'i%et %enita,i)i* a#ra -a'oni&
a.riae prim#m 'o)#cri* te& di'a& t##m(#e
*i%ni-icant init#m perc#)*ae corda t#a 'i.
inde -erae pec#de* per*#)tant pa,#)a )aeta
et rapido* tranant amni*: ita capta )epore
te *e(#it#r c#pide (#o (#am(#e ind#cere per%i*.
deni(#e per maria ac monti* -)#'io*(#e rapaci*
-rondi-era*(#e domo* a'i#m campo*(#e 'irenti*
omni,#* inc#tien* ,)and#m per pectora amorem
e--ici* #t c#pide %eneratim *aec)a propa%ent.
(#ae (#oniam rer#m nat#ram *o)a %#,erna*
nec *ine te (#ic(#am dia* in )#mini* ora*
exorit#r ne(#e -it )aet#m ne(#e ama,i)e (#ic(#am&
te *ociam *t#deo *cri,endi* 'er*i,#* e**e&
(#o* e%o de rer#m nat#ra pan%ere conor
Memmiadae no*tro& (#em t#& dea& tempore in omni
omni,#* ornat#m 'o)#i*ti exce))ere re,#*.
(#o ma%i* aetern#m da dicti*& di'a& )eporem.
e--ice #t interea -era moenera mi)itiai
per maria ac terra* omni* *opita (#ie*cant/
nam t# *o)a pote* tran(#i))a pace i#'are
morta)i*& (#oniam ,e))i -era moenera Ma'or*
armipoten* re%it& in %remi#m (#i *aepe t##m *e
reiicit aeterno de'ict#* '#)nere amori*&
at(#e ita *#*picien* tereti cer'ice repo*ta
pa*cit amore a'ido* inhian* in te& dea& 'i*#*
e(#e t#o pendet re*#pini *pirit#* ore.
h#nc t#& di'a& t#o rec#,antem corpore *ancto
circ#m -#*a *#per& *#a'i* ex ore )o(#e))a*
-#nde peten* p)acidam "omani*& inc)#ta& pacem/
nam ne(#e no* a%ere hoc patriai tempore ini(#o
po**#m#* ae(#o animo nec Memmi c)ara propa%o
ta)i,#* in re,#* comm#ni de**e *a)#ti.
omni* enim per *e di'#m nat#ra nece**e*t
immorta)i ae'o *#mma c#m pace -r#at#r
*emota a, no*tri* re,#* *ei#ncta(#e )on%e/
nam pri'ata do)ore omni& pri'ata peric)i*&
ip*a *#i* po))en* opi,#*& nihi) indi%a no*tri&
0
nec ,ene promeriti* capit#r nec tan%it#r ira.
H#mana ante oc#)o* -oede c#m 'ita iaceret
in terri* oppre**a %ra'i *#, re)i%ione&
(#ae cap#t a cae)i re%ioni,#* o*tende,at
horri,i)i *#per a*pect# morta)i,#* in*tan*&
prim#m 1rai#* homo morta)i* to))ere contra
e*t oc#)o* a#*#* prim#*(#e o,*i*tere contra/
(#em ne(#e -ama de#m nec -#)mina nec minitanti
m#rm#re compre**it cae)#m& *ed eo ma%i* acrem
inritat animi 'irt#tem& e--rin%ere #t arta
nat#rae prim#* portar#m c)a#*tra c#piret.
er%o 'i'ida 'i* animi per'icit et extra
proce**it )on%e -)ammantia moenia m#ndi
at(#e omne immen*#m pera%ra'it mente animo(#e&
#nde re-ert no,i* 'ictor (#id po**it oriri&
(#id ne(#eat& -inita pote*ta* deni(#e c#i(#e
(#a nam *it ratione at(#e a)te termin#* haeren*.
(#are re)i%io pedi,#* *#,iecta 'ici**im
opterit#r& no* exae(#at 'ictoria cae)o.
2))#d in hi* re,#* 'ereor& ne -orte reari*
impia te rationi* inire e)ementa 'iam(#e
ind#%redi *ce)eri*. (#od contra *aepi#* i))a
re)i%io peperit *ce)ero*a at(#e impia -acta.
A#)ide (#o pacto Tri'iai 'ir%ini* aram
2phiana**ai t#rpar#nt *an%#ine -oede
d#ctore* !ana#m de)ecti& prima 'iror#m.
c#i *im#) in-#)a 'ir%ineo* circ#m data compt#*
ex #tra(#e pari ma)ar#m parte pro-#*a*t&
et mae*t#m *im#) ante ara* ad*tare parentem
*en*it et h#nc propter -err#m ce)are mini*tro*
a*pect#(#e *#o )acrima* e--#ndere ci'i*&
m#ta met# terram %eni,#* *#mmi**a pete,at.
nec mi*erae prode**e in ta)i tempore (#i,at&
(#od patrio princep* donarat nomine re%em/
nam *#,)ata 'ir#m mani,#* tremi,#nda(#e ad ara*
ded#cta*t& non #t *o))emni more *acror#m
per-ecto po**et c)aro comitari Hymenaeo&
*ed ca*ta ince*te n#,endi tempore in ip*o
ho*tia concideret mactat# mae*ta parenti*&
exit#* #t c)a**i -e)ix -a#*t#*(#e daret#r.
tant#m re)i%io pot#it *#adere ma)or#m.
T#temet a no,i* iam (#o'i* tempore 'at#m
terri)o(#i* 'ict#* dicti* de*ci*cere (#aere*.
(#ippe etenim (#am m#)ta ti,i iam -in%ere po**#nt
*omnia& (#ae 'itae ratione* 'ertere po**int
-ort#na*(#e t#a* omni* t#r,are timore3
et merito/ nam *i certam -inem e**e 'iderent
aer#mnar#m homine*& a)i(#a ratione 'a)erent
re)i%ioni,#* at(#e mini* o,*i*tere 'at#m.
n#nc ratio n#))a e*t re*tandi& n#))a -ac#)ta*&
aeterna* (#oniam poena* in morte timend#m.

i%norat#r enim (#ae *it nat#ra animai&
nata *it an contra na*centi,#* in*in#et#r
et *im#) intereat no,i*c#m morte dirempta
an tene,ra* 4rci 'i*at 'a*ta*(#e )ac#na*
an pec#de* a)ia* di'init#* in*in#et *e&
5nni#* #t no*ter cecinit& (#i prim#* amoeno
det#)it ex He)icone perenni -ronde coronam&
per %enti* 2ta)a* homin#m (#ae c)ara c)#eret/
et*i praeterea tamen e**e Acher#*ia temp)a
5nni#* aeterni* exponit 'er*i,#* eden*&
(#o ne(#e permaneant animae ne(#e corpora no*tra&
*ed (#aedam *im#)acra modi* pa))entia miri*/
#nde *i,i exortam *emper -)orenti* Homeri
commemorat *peciem )acrima* e--#ndere *a)*a*
coepi**e et rer#m nat#ram expandere dicti*.
(#a propter ,ene c#m *#peri* de re,#* ha,enda
no,i* e*t ratio& *o)i* )#nae(#e meat#*
(#a -iant ratione& et (#a 'i (#ae(#e %erant#r
in terri*& t#nc c#m primi* ratione *a%aci
#nde anima at(#e animi con*tet nat#ra 'idend#m&
et (#ae re* no,i* 'i%i)anti,#* o,'ia mente*
terri-icet mor,o ad-ecti* *omno(#e *ep#)ti*&
cernere #ti 'ideam#r eo* a#dire(#e coram&
morte o,ita (#or#m te))#* amp)ectit#r o**a.
6#od *#per e*t& 'ac#a* a#ri* anim#m(#e *a%acem
*emot#m a c#ri* adhi,e 'eram ad rationem&
ne mea dona ti,i *t#dio di*po*ta -ide)i&
inte))ecta pri#* (#am *int& contempta re)in(#a*.
nam ti,i de *#mma cae)i ratione de#m(#e
di**erere incipiam et rer#m primordia pandam&
#nde omni* nat#ra creet re*& a#ctet a)at(#e&
(#o'e eadem r#r*#m nat#ra perempta re*o)'at&
(#ae no* materiem et %enita)ia corpora re,#*
redd#nda in ratione 'ocare et *emina rer#m
appe))are *#em#* et haec eadem #*#rpare
corpora prima& (#od ex i))i* *#nt omnia primi*.
$ec me animi -a))it 1raior#m o,*c#ra reperta
di--ici)e in)#*trare Latini* 'er*i,#* e**e&
m#)ta no'i* 'er,i* prae*ertim c#m *it a%end#m
propter e%e*tatem )in%#ae et rer#m no'itatem/
*ed t#a me 'irt#* tamen et *perata 'o)#pta*
*#a'i* amicitiae (#em'i* e--erre )a,orem
*#adet et ind#cit nocte* 'i%i)are *erena*
(#aerentem dicti* (#i,#* et (#o carmine dem#m
c)ara t#ae po**im praepandere )#mina menti&
re* (#i,#* occ#)ta* penit#* con'i*ere po**i*.
h#nc i%it#r terrorem animi tene,ra*(#e nece**e*t
non radii *o)i* ne(#e )#cida te)a diei
di*c#tiant& *ed nat#rae *pecie* ratio(#e.
7rincipi#m c#i#* hinc no,i* exordia *#met&
n#))am rem e nihi)o %i%ni di'init#* #m(#am.
8
(#ippe ita -ormido morta)i* continet omni*&
(#od m#)ta in terri* -ieri cae)o(#e t#ent#r&
(#or#m oper#m ca#*a* n#))a ratione 'idere
po**#nt ac -ieri di'ino n#mine rent#r.
(#a* o, re* #,i 'iderim#* ni) po**e creari
de nihi)o& t#m (#od *e(#im#r iam recti#* inde
per*piciem#*& et #nde (#eat re* (#ae(#e creari
et (#o (#ae(#e modo -iant opera *ine di'om.
$am *i de nihi)o -ierent& ex omni,#* re,#*
omne %en#* na*ci po**et& ni) *emine e%eret.
e mare prim#m homine*& e terra po**et oriri
*(#ami%er#m %en#* et 'o)#cre* er#mpere cae)o/
armenta at(#e a)iae pec#de*& %en#* omne -erar#m&
incerto part# c#)ta ac de*erta tenerent.
nec -r#ct#* idem ar,ori,#* con*tare *o)erent&
*ed m#tarent#r& -erre omne* omnia po**ent.
(#ippe #,i non e**ent %enita)ia corpora c#i(#e&
(#i po**et mater re,#* con*i*tere certa9
at n#nc *emini,#* (#ia certi* (#ae(#e creant#r&
inde ena*cit#r at(#e ora* in )#mini* exit&
materie* #,i ine*t c#i#*(#e et corpora prima/
at(#e hac re ne(#e#nt ex omni,#* omnia %i%ni&
(#od certi* in re,#* ine*t *ecreta -ac#)ta*.
7raeterea c#r 'ere ro*am& -r#menta ca)ore&
'ite* a#t#mno -#ndi *#adente 'idem#*&
*i non& certa *#o (#ia tempore *emina rer#m
c#m con-)#xer#nt& pate-it (#od c#m(#e creat#r&
d#m tempe*tate* ad*#nt et 'i'ida te))#*
t#to re* tenera* e--ert in )#mini* ora*9
(#od *i de nihi)o -ierent& *#,ito exorerent#r
incerto *patio at(#e a)ieni* parti,#* anni&
(#ippe #,i n#))a -orent primordia& (#ae %enita)i
conci)io po**ent arceri tempore ini(#o.
$ec porro a#%endi* re,#* *patio -oret #*#*
*emini* ad coit#m& *i e ni)o cre*cere po**ent/
nam -ierent i#'ene* *#,ito ex in-anti,#* par'i*
e terra(#e exorta repente ar,#*ta *a)irent.
(#or#m ni) -ieri mani-e*t#m e*t& omnia (#ando
pa#)atim cre*c#nt& #t par e*t *emine certo&
cre*cente*(#e %en#* *er'ant/ #t no*cere po**i*
(#ic(#e *#a de materia %rande*cere a)i(#e.
H#c accedit #ti *ine certi* im,ri,#* anni
)aeti-ico* ne(#eat -et#* *#,mittere te))#*
nec porro *ecreta ci,o nat#ra animant#m
propa%are %en#* po**it 'itam(#e t#eri/
#t poti#* m#)ti* comm#nia corpora re,#*
m#)ta p#te* e**e& #t 'er,i* e)ementa 'idem#*&
(#am *ine principii* #))am rem exi*tere po**e.
!eni(#e c#r homine* tanto* nat#ra parare
non pot#it& pedi,#* (#i pont#m per 'ada po**ent
tran*ire et ma%no* mani,#* di'e))ere monti*
6
m#)ta(#e 'i'endo 'ita)ia 'incere *aec)a&
*i non& materie* (#ia re,#* reddita certa*t
%i%n#ndi*& e (#a con*tat (#id po**it oriri9
ni) i%it#r -ieri de ni)o po**e -atend#m*t&
*emine (#ando op#* e*t re,#*& (#o (#ae(#e creatae
a.ri* in tenera* po**int pro-errier a#ra*.
7o*tremo (#oniam inc#)ti* prae*tare 'idem#*
c#)ta )oca et mani,#* me)iori* reddere -et#*&
e**e 'ide)icet in terri* primordia rer#m
(#ae no* -ec#nda* 'ertente* 'omere %)e,a*
terrai(#e *o)#m *#,i%ente* cim#* ad ort#*/
(#od *i n#))a -orent& no*tro *ine (#ae(#e )a,ore
*ponte *#a m#)to -ieri me)iora 'idere*.
H#c accedit #ti (#ic(#e in *#a corpora r#r*#m
di**o)#at nat#ra ne(#e ad nihi)#m interemat re*.
nam *i(#id morta)e e c#ncti* parti,#* e**et&
ex oc#)i* re* (#ae(#e repente erepta periret/
n#))a 'i -oret #*#* enim& (#ae parti,#* ei#*
di*cidi#m parere et nex#* ex*o)'ere po**et.
(#od n#nc& aeterno (#ia con*tant *emine (#ae(#e&
donec 'i* o,iit& (#ae re* di'er,eret ict#
a#t int#* penetret per inania di**o)#at(#e&
n#))i#* exiti#m patit#r nat#ra 'ideri.
7raeterea (#ae c#m(#e 'et#*tate amo'et aeta*&
*i penit#* peremit con*#men* materiem omnem&
#nde anima)e %en#* %eneratim in )#mina 'itae
redd#cit +en#*& a#t redd#ct#m daeda)a te))#*
#nde a)it at(#e a#%et %eneratim pa,#)a prae,en*9
#nde mare in%en#ei -onte* externa(#e )on%e
-)#mina *#ppeditant9 #nde aether *idera pa*cit9
omnia enim de,et& morta)i corpore (#ae *#nt&
in-inita aeta* con*#mp*e ante acta die*(#e.
(#od *i in eo *patio at(#e ante acta aetate -#ere
e (#i,#* haec rer#m con*i*tit *#mma re-ecta&
inmorta)i *#nt nat#ra praedita certe.
ha#d i%it#r po**#nt ad ni)#m (#ae(#e re'erti.
!eni(#e re* omni* eadem 'i* ca#*a(#e 'o)%o
con-iceret& ni*i materie* aeterna teneret&
inter *e nex#* min#* a#t ma%i* ind#pedita/
tact#* enim )eti *ati* e**et ca#*a pro-ecto&
(#ippe #,i n#))a -orent aeterno corpore& (#or#m
context#m 'i* de,eret di**o)'ere (#ae(#e.
at n#nc& inter *e (#ia nex#* principior#m
di**imi)e* con*tant aeterna(#e materie* e*t&
inco)#mi remanent re* corpore& d#m *ati* acri*
'i* o,eat pro text#ra c#i#*(#e reperta.
ha#d i%it#r redit ad nihi)#m re* #))a& *ed omne*
di*cidio rede#nt in corpora materiai.
po*tremo pere#nt im,re*& #,i eo* pater aether
in %remi#m matri* terrai praecipita'it/
at nitidae *#r%#nt -r#%e* rami(#e 'ire*c#nt
:
ar,ori,#*& cre*c#nt ip*ae -et#(#e %ra'ant#r.
hinc a)it#r porro no*tr#m %en#* at(#e -erar#m&
hinc )aeta* #r,e* p#eri* -)orere 'idem#*
-rondi-era*(#e no'i* a'i,#* canere #ndi(#e *i)'a*&
hinc -e**ae pec#de* pin%#i* per pa,#)a )aeta
corpora depon#nt et canden* )acte#* #mor
#,eri,#* manat di*tenti*& hinc no'a pro)e*
art#,#* in-irmi* tenera* )a*ci'a per her,a*
)#dit )acte mero mente* perc#)*a no'e))a*.
ha#d i%it#r penit#* pere#nt (#aec#m(#e 'ident#r&
(#ando a)it ex a)io re-icit nat#ra nec #))am
rem %i%ni patit#r ni*i morte adi#ta a)iena.
$#nc a%e& re* (#oniam doc#i non po**e creari
de nihi)o ne(#e item %enita* ad ni) re'ocari&
ne (#a -orte tamen coepte* di--idere dicti*&
(#od ne(#e#nt oc#)i* rer#m primordia cerni&
accipe praeterea (#ae corpora t#te nece**e*t
con-iteare e**e in re,#* nec po**e 'ideri.
7rincipio 'enti 'i* 'er,erat incita corp#*
in%enti*(#e r#it na'i* et n#,i)a di--ert&
inter d#m rapido perc#rren* t#r,ine campo*
ar,ori,#* ma%ni* *ternit monti*(#e *#premo*
*i)'i-ra%i* 'exat -)a,ri*: ita per-#rit acri
c#m -remit# *ae'it(#e minaci m#rm#re pont#*.
*#nt i%it#r 'enti ni mir#m corpora caeca&
(#ae mare& (#ae terra*& (#ae deni(#e n#,i)a cae)i
'err#nt ac *#,ito 'exantia t#r,ine raptant&
nec ratione -)##nt a)ia *tra%em(#e propa%ant
et c#m mo))i* a(#ae -ert#r nat#ra repente
-)#mine a,#ndanti& (#am )ar%i* im,ri,#* a#%et
monti,#* ex a)ti* ma%n#* dec#r*#* a(#ai
-ra%mina conicien* *i)'ar#m ar,#*ta(#e tota&
nec 'a)idi po**#nt ponte* 'enienti* a(#ai
'im *#,itam to)erare: ita ma%no t#r,id#* im,ri
mo)i,#* inc#rrit 'a)idi* c#m 'iri,#* amni*&
dat *onit# ma%no *tra%em 'o)'it(#e *#, #ndi*
%randia *axa& r#it (#a (#id(#id -)#cti,#* o,*tat.
*ic i%it#r de,ent 'enti (#o(#e -)amina -erri&
(#ae 'e) #ti 'a)id#m c#m -)#men proc#,#ere
(#am )i,et in partem& tr#d#nt re* ante r##nt(#e
impeti,#* cre,ri*& inter d#m 'ertice torto
corripi#nt rapidi(#e rotanti t#r,ine portant.
(#are etiam at(#e etiam *#nt 'enti corpora caeca&
(#ando(#idem -acti* et mori,#* aem#)a ma%ni*
amni,#* in'eni#nt#r& aperto corpore (#i *#nt.
T#m porro 'ario* rer#m *entim#* odore*
nec tamen ad nari* 'enienti* cernim#* #m(#am
nec ca)ido* ae*t#* t#im#r nec -ri%ora (#im#*
#*#rpare oc#)i* nec 'oce* cernere *#em#*/
(#ae tamen omnia corporea con*tare nece**e*t
nat#ra& (#oniam *en*#* inpe))ere po**#nt/
8
tan%ere enim et tan%i& ni*i corp#*& n#))a pote*t re*.
!eni(#e -)#cti-ra%o *#*pen*ae in )itore 'e*ti*
#'e*c#nt& eaedem di*pan*ae in *o)e *ere*c#nt.
at ne(#e (#o pacto per*ederit #mor a(#ai
'i*#m*t nec r#r*#m (#o pacto -#%erit ae*t#.
in par'a* i%it#r parti* di*per%it#r #mor&
(#a* oc#)i n#))a po**#nt ratione 'idere.
(#in etiam m#)ti* *o)i* rede#nti,#* anni*
an#)#* in di%ito *#,ter ten#at#r ha,endo&
*ti)icidi ca*#* )apidem ca'at& #nc#* aratri
-erre#* occ#)te decre*cit 'omer in ar'i*&
*trata(#e iam 'o)%i pedi,#* detrita 'iar#m
*axea con*picim#*/ t#m porta* propter a.na
*i%na man#* dextra* o*tend#nt adten#ari
*aepe *a)#tant#m tact# praeter(#e meant#m.
haec i%it#r min#i& c#m *int detrita& 'idem#*.
*ed (#ae corpora decedant in tempore (#o(#e&
in'ida praec)#*it *peciem nat#ra 'idendi.
7o*tremo (#ae c#m(#e die* nat#ra(#e re,#*
pa#)atim tri,#it moderatim cre*cere co%en*&
n#))a pote*t oc#)or#m acie* contenta t#eri&
nec porro (#ae c#m(#e ae'o macie(#e *ene*c#nt&
nec& mare (#ae impendent& 'e*co *a)e *axa pere*a
(#id (#o(#e amittant in tempore cernere po**i*.
corpori,#* caeci* i%it#r nat#ra %erit re*.
$ec tamen #ndi(#e corporea *tipata tenent#r
omnia nat#ra/ nam(#e e*t in re,#* inane.
(#od ti,i co%no**e in m#)ti* erit #ti)e re,#*
nec *inet errantem d#,itare et (#aerere *emper
de *#mma rer#m et no*tri* di--idere dicti*.
(#a propter )oc#* e*t intact#* inane 'acan*(#e.
(#od *i non e**et& n#))a ratione mo'eri
re* po**ent/ nam(#e o--ici#m (#od corpori* ex*tat&
o--icere at(#e o,*tare& id in omni tempore ade**et
omni,#*/ ha#d i%it#r (#ic(#am procedere po**et&
principi#m (#oniam cedendi n#))a daret re*.
at n#nc per maria ac terra* *#,)ima(#e cae)i
m#)ta modi* m#)ti* 'aria ratione mo'eri
cernim#* ante oc#)o*& (#ae& *i non e**et inane&
non tam *o))icito mot# pri'ata carerent
(#am %enita omnino n#))a ratione -#i**ent&
#ndi(#e materie* (#oniam *tipata (#ie**et.
7raeterea (#am'i* *o)idae re* e**e p#tent#r&
hinc tamen e**e )icet raro c#m corpore cerna*.
in *axi* ac *pe)#nci* permanat a(#ar#m
)i(#id#* #mor et #,eri,#* -)ent omnia %#tti*.
di**ipat in corp#* *e*e ci,#* omne animant#m/
cre*c#nt ar,#*ta et -et#* in tempore -#nd#nt&
(#od ci,#* in tota* #*(#e a, radici,#* imi*
per tr#nco* ac per ramo* di--#ndit#r omni*.
inter *aepta meant 'oce* et c)a#*a domor#m
9
tran*'o)itant& ri%id#m permanat -ri%#* ad o**a.
(#od ni*i inania *int& (#a po**ent corpora (#ae(#e
tran*ire& ha#d #))a -ieri ratione 'idere*.
!eni(#e c#r a)ia* a)ii* prae*tare 'idem#*
pondere re* re,#* nihi)o maiore -i%#ra9
nam *i tant#ndem*t in )anae %)omere (#ant#m
corpori* in p)#m,o e*t& tant#ndem pendere par e*t&
corpori* o--ici#m*t (#oniam premere omnia deor*#m&
contra a#tem nat#ra manet *ine pondere inani*.
er%o (#od ma%n#m*t ae(#e )e'i#*(#e 'idet#r&
ni mir#m p)#* e**e *i,i dec)arat inani*/
at contra %ra'i#* p)#* in *e corpori* e**e
dedicat et m#)to 'ac#i min#* int#* ha,ere.
e*t i%it#r ni mir#m id (#od ratione *a%aci
(#aerim#*& admixt#m re,#*& (#od inane 'ocam#*.
2))#d in hi* re,#* ne te ded#cere 'ero
po**it& (#od (#idam -in%#nt& praec#rrere co%or.
cedere *(#ami%eri* )atice* nitenti,#* ai#nt
et )i(#ida* aperire 'ia*& (#ia po*t )oca pi*ce*
)in(#ant& (#o po**int cedente* con-)#ere #ndae/
*ic a)ia* (#o(#e re* inter *e po**e mo'eri
et m#tare )oc#m& (#am'i* *int omnia p)ena.
*ci)icet id -a)*a tot#m ratione recept#m*t.
nam (#o *(#ami%eri poter#nt procedere tandem&
ni *pati#m dederint )atice*9 concedere porro
(#o poter#nt #ndae& c#m pi*ce* ire ne(#i,#nt9
a#t i%it#r mot# pri'and#m*t corpora (#ae(#e
a#t e**e admixt#m dic#nd#m*t re,#* inane&
#nde init#m prim#m capiat re* (#ae(#e mo'endi.
7o*tremo d#o de conc#r*# corpora )ata
*i cita di**i)iant& nempe a.r omne nece**e*t&
inter corpora (#od -iat& po**idat inane.
i* porro (#am'i* circ#m ce)eranti,#* a#ri*
con-)#at& ha#d poterit tamen #no tempore tot#m
comp)eri *pati#m/ nam prim#m (#em(#e nece**e*t
occ#pet i))e )oc#m& deinde omnia po**ideant#r.
(#od *i -orte a)i(#i*& c#m corpora di**i)#ere&
t#m p#tat id -ieri (#ia *e conden*eat a.r&
errat/ nam 'ac##m t#m -it (#od non -#it ante
et rep)et#r item 'ac##m (#od con*titit ante&
nec ta)i ratione pote*t den*erier a.r
nec& *i iam po**et& *ine inani po**et& opinor&
ip*e in *e trahere et parti* cond#cere in #n#m.
6#a propter& (#am'i* ca#*ando m#)ta moreri*&
e**e in re,#* inane tamen -ateare nece**e*t.
m#)ta(#e praeterea ti,i po**#m commemorando
ar%#menta -idem dicti* conradere no*tri*.
'er#m animo *ati* haec 'e*ti%ia par'a *a%aci
*#nt& per (#ae po**i* co%no*cere cetera t#te.
nam(#e cane* #t monti'a%ae per*aepe -erai
nari,#* in'eni#nt intecta* -ronde (#iete*&
10
c#m *eme) in*titer#nt 'e*ti%ia certa 'iai&
*ic a)id ex a)io per te t#te ip*e 'idere
ta)i,#* in re,#* poteri* caeca*(#e )ate,ra*
in*in#are omni* et 'er#m protrahere inde.
(#od *i pi%rari* pa#)#m'e rece**eri* a, re&
hoc ti,i de p)ano po**#m promittere& Memmi:
#*(#e adeo )ar%o* ha#*t#* e -onti,#* ma%ni*
)in%#a meo *#a'i* diti de pectore -#ndet&
#t 'erear ne tarda pri#* per mem,ra *enect#*
*erpat et in no,i* 'itai c)a#*tra re*o)'at&
(#am ti,i de (#a'i* #na re 'er*i,#* omni*
ar%#mentor#m *it copia mi**a per a#ri*.
;ed n#nc #t repetam coept#m pertexere dicti*&
omni* #t e*t i%it#r per *e nat#ra d#a,#*
con*titit in re,#*/ nam corpora *#nt et inane&
haec in (#o *ita *#nt et (#a di'er*a mo'ent#r.
corp#* enim per *e comm#ni* dedicat e**e
*en*#*/ c#i ni*i prima -ide* -#ndata 'a)e,it&
ha#t erit occ#)ti* de re,#* (#o re-erente*
con-irmare animi (#ic(#am ratione (#eam#*.
t#m porro )oc#* ac *pati#m& (#od inane 'ocam#*&
*i n#))#m -oret& ha#t #*(#am *ita corpora po**ent
e**e ne(#e omnino (#o(#am di'er*a meare/
id (#od iam *#pera ti,i pa#)o o*tendim#* ante.
praeterea nihi) e*t (#od po**i* dicere a, omni
corpore *ei#nct#m *ecret#m(#e e**e a, inani&
(#od (#a*i tertia *it n#mero nat#ra reperta.
nam (#od c#m(#e erit& e**e a)i(#id de,e,it id ip*#m
a#%mine 'e) %randi 'e) par'o deni(#e& d#m *it/
c#i *i tact#* erit (#am'i* )e'i* exi%##*(#e&
corpori* a#%e,it n#mer#m *#mmam(#e *e(#et#r/
*in intacti)e erit& n#))a de parte (#od #))am
rem prohi,ere (#eat per *e tran*ire meantem&
*ci)icet hoc id erit& 'ac##m (#od inane 'ocam#*.
7raeterea per *e (#od c#m(#e erit& a#t -aciet (#id
a#t a)ii* -#n%i de,e,it a%enti,#* ip*#m
a#t erit #t po**int in eo re* e**e %eri(#e.
at -acere et -#n%i *ine corpore n#))a pote*t re*
nec prae,ere )oc#m porro ni*i inane 'acan*(#e.
er%o praeter inane et corpora tertia per *e
n#))a pote*t rer#m in n#mero nat#ra re)in(#i&
nec (#ae *#, *en*#* cadat #))o tempore no*tro*
nec ratione animi (#am (#i*(#am po**it api*ci.
$am (#ae c#m(#e c)#ent& a#t hi* coni#ncta d#a,#*
re,#* ea in'enie* a#t hor#m e'enta 'ide,i*.
coni#nct#m e*t id (#od n#*(#am *ine permitia)i
di*cidio poti* e*t *ei#n%i *e(#e %re%ari&
pond#* #ti *axi*& ca)or i%ni*& )i(#or a(#ai&
tact#* corpori,#* c#ncti*& intact#* inani.
*er'iti#m contra pa#perta* di'itiae(#e&
)i,erta* ,e))#m concordia cetera (#or#m
11
ad'ent# manet inco)#mi* nat#ra a,it#(#e&
haec *o)iti *#m#*& #t par e*t& e'enta 'ocare.
temp#* item per *e non e*t& *ed re,#* a, ip*i*
con*e(#it#r *en*#*& tran*act#m (#id *it in ae'o&
t#m (#ae re* in*tet& (#id porro deinde *e(#at#r/
nec per *e (#em(#am temp#* *entire -atend#m*t
*emot#m a, rer#m mot# p)acida(#e (#iete.
deni(#e Tyndaridem raptam ,e))o(#e *#,acta*
Troii#%ena* %enti* c#m dic#nt e**e& 'idend#m*t
ne -orte haec per *e co%ant no* e**e -ateri&
(#ando ea *aec)a homin#m& (#or#m haec e'enta -#er#nt&
inre'oca,i)i* a,*t#)erit iam praeterita aeta*/
nam(#e a)i#d terri*& a)i#d re%ioni,#* ip*i*
e'ent#m dici poterit (#od c#m(#e erit act#m.
deni(#e materie* *i rer#m n#))a -#i**et
nec )oc#* ac *pati#m& re* in (#o (#ae(#e %er#nt#r&
n#m(#am Tyndaridi* -orma con-)at#* amore
i%ni* A)exandri 7hry%io *#, pectore %)i*cen*
c)ara accendi**et *ae'i certamina ,e))i
nec c)am d#rate#* Troiiani* 7er%ama part#
in-)amma**et e(#o* noct#rno 1raii#%enar#m/
per*picere #t po**i* re* %e*ta* -#ndit#* omni*
non ita #ti corp#* per *e con*tare ne(#e e**e
nec ratione c)#ere eadem (#a con*tet inane&
*ed ma%i* #t merito po**i* e'enta 'ocare
corpori* at(#e )oci& re* in (#o (#ae(#e %erant#r.
<orpora *#nt porro partim primordia rer#m&
partim conci)io (#ae con*tant principior#m.
*ed (#ae *#nt rer#m primordia& n#))a pote*t 'i*
*tin%#ere/ nam *o)ido 'inc#nt ea corpore dem#m.
et*i di--ici)e e**e 'idet#r credere (#ic(#am
in re,#* *o)ido reperiri corpore po**e.
tran*it enim -#)men cae)i per *aepta domor#m
c)amor #t ac 'oce*& -err#m cande*cit in i%ni
di**i)i#nt(#e -ero -er'enti *axa 'apore/
c#m )a,e-actat#* ri%or a#ri *o)'it#r ae*t#&
t#m %)acie* aeri* -)amma de'icta )i(#e*cit/
permanat ca)or ar%ent#m penetra)e(#e -ri%#*&
(#ando #tr#m(#e man# retinente* poc#)a rite
*en*im#* in-#*o )ymphar#m rore *#perne.
#*(#e adeo in re,#* *o)idi nihi) e**e 'idet#r.
*ed (#ia 'era tamen ratio nat#ra(#e rer#m
co%it& ade*& pa#ci* d#m 'er*i,#* expediam#*
e**e ea (#ae *o)ido at(#e aeterno corpore con*tent&
*emina (#ae rer#m primordia(#e e**e docem#*&
#nde omni* rer#m n#nc con*tet *#mma creata.
7rincipio (#oniam d#p)ex nat#ra d#ar#m
di**imi)i* rer#m )on%e con*tare reperta*t&
corpori* at(#e )oci& re* in (#o (#ae(#e %er#nt#r&
e**e #tram(#e *i,i per *e p#ram(#e nece**e*t.
nam (#a c#m(#e 'acat *pati#m& (#od inane 'ocam#*&
12
corp#* ea non e*t/ (#a porro c#m(#e tenet *e
corp#*& ea 'ac##m ne(#a(#am con*tat inane.
*#nt i%it#r *o)ida ac *ine inani corpora prima.
7raeterea (#oniam %eniti* in re,#* inane*t&
materiem circ#m *o)idam con*tare nece**e*t/
nec re* #))a pote*t 'era ratione pro,ari
corpore inane *#o ce)are at(#e int#* ha,ere&
*i non& (#od cohi,et& *o)id#m con*tare re)in(#a*.
id porro nihi) e**e pote*t ni*i materiai
conci)i#m& (#od inane (#eat rer#m cohi,ere.
materie* i%it#r& *o)ido (#ae corpore con*tat&
e**e aeterna pote*t& c#m cetera di**o)#ant#r.
T#m porro *i ni) e**et (#od inane 'ocaret&
omne -oret *o)id#m/ ni*i contra corpora certa
e**ent (#ae )oca comp)erent (#ae c#m(#e tenerent
omne (#od e*t *pati#m& 'ac##m con*taret inane.
a)terni* i%it#r ni mir#m corp#* inani
di*tinct#m& (#oniam nec p)en#m na'iter extat
nec porro 'ac##m/ *#nt er%o corpora certa&
(#ae *pati#m p)eno po**int di*tin%#ere inane.
haec ne(#e di**o)#i p)a%i* extrin*ec#* icta
po**#nt nec porro penit#* penetrata retexi
nec ratione (#e#nt a)ia temptata )a,are/
id (#od iam *#pra ti,i pa#)o o*tendim#* ante.
nam ne(#e con)idi *ine inani po**e 'idet#r
(#ic(#am nec -ran%i nec -indi in ,ina *ecando
nec capere #morem ne(#e item mana,i)e -ri%#*
nec penetra)em i%nem& (#i,#* omnia con-ici#nt#r.
et (#o (#ae(#e ma%i* cohi,et re* int#* inane&
tam ma%i* hi* re,#* penit#* temptata )a,a*cit.
er%o *i *o)ida ac *ine inani corpora prima
*#nt ita #ti doc#i& *int haec aeterna nece**e*t.
7raeterea ni*i materie* aeterna -#i**et&
antehac ad nihi)#m penit#* re* (#ae(#e redi**ent
de nihi)o(#e renata -orent (#ae c#m(#e 'idem#*.
at (#oniam *#pra doc#i ni) po**e creari
de nihi)o ne(#e (#od %enit#m*t ad ni) re'ocari&
e**e inmorta)i primordia corpore de,ent&
di**o)#i (#o (#ae(#e *#premo tempore po**int&
materie* #t *#,peditet re,#* reparandi*.
*#nt i%it#r *o)ida primordia *imp)icitate
nec ratione (#e#nt a)ia *er'ata per ae'om
ex in-inito iam tempore re* reparare.
deni(#e *i n#))am -inem nat#ra para**et
-ran%endi* re,#*& iam corpora materiai
#*(#e redacta -orent ae'o -ran%ente priore&
#t nihi) ex i))i* a certo tempore po**et
concept#m *#mm#m aetati* per'adere -inem.
nam (#id'i* citi#* di**o)'i po**e 'idem#*
(#am r#r*#* re-ici/ (#a propter )on%a diei
in-inita aeta* ante acti tempori* omni*
10
(#od -re%i**et adh#c di*t#r,an* di**o)#en*(#e&
n#m(#am re)ic#o reparari tempore po**et.
at n#nc ni mir#m -ran%endi reddita -ini*
certa manet& (#oniam re-ici rem (#am(#e 'idem#*
et -inita *im#) %eneratim tempora re,#*
*tare& (#i,#* po**int ae'i contin%ere -)orem.
H#c accedit #ti& *o)idi**ima materiai
corpora c#m con*tant& po**int tamen omnia reddi&
mo))ia (#ae -i#nt& a.r a(#a terra 'apore*&
(#o pacto -iant et (#a 'i (#ae(#e %erant#r&
admixt#m (#oniam *eme) e*t in re,#* inane.
at contra *i mo))ia *int primordia rer#m&
#nde (#eant 'a)idi *i)ice* -err#m(#e creari&
non poterit ratio reddi/ nam -#ndit#* omni*
principio -#ndamenti nat#ra care,it.
*#nt i%it#r *o)ida po))entia *imp)icitate&
(#or#m conden*o ma%i* omnia conci)iat#
artari po**#nt 'a)ida*(#e o*tendere 'iri*.
porro *i n#))a*t -ran%endi* reddita -ini*
corpori,#*& tamen ex aeterno tempore (#ae(#e
n#nc etiam *#perare nece**e*t corpora re,#*&
(#ae non d#m c)#eant #))o temptata peric)o.
at (#oniam -ra%i)i nat#ra praedita con*tant&
di*crepat aetern#m temp#* pot#i**e manere
inn#mera,i)i,#* p)a%i* 'exata per ae'om.
!eni(#e iam (#oniam %eneratim reddita -ini*
cre*cendi re,#* con*tat 'itam(#e tenendi&
et (#id (#ae(#e (#eant per -oedera nat#rai&
(#id porro ne(#eant& *ancit#m (#ando (#idem extat&
nec comm#tat#r (#ic(#am& (#in omnia con*tant
#*(#e adeo& 'ariae 'o)#cre* #t in ordine c#nctae
o*tendant mac#)a* %enera)i* corpore ine**e&
inm#ta,i)i* materiae (#o(#e corp#* ha,ere
de,ent ni mir#m/ nam *i primordia rer#m
comm#tari a)i(#a po**ent ratione re'icta&
incert#m (#o(#e iam con*tet (#id po**it oriri&
(#a nam *it ratione at(#e a)te termin#* haeren*&
nec totien* po**ent %eneratim *aec)a re-erre
nat#ram more* 'ict#m mot#*(#e parent#m.
T#m porro (#oniam e*t extrem#m (#od(#e cac#men
corpori* i))i#*& (#od no*tri cernere *en*#*
iam ne(#e#nt& id ni mir#m *ine parti,#* extat
et minima con*tat nat#ra nec -#it #m(#am
per *e *ecret#m ne(#e po*t hac e**e 'a)e,it&
a)teri#* (#oniam*t ip*#m par* prima(#e et #na&
inde a)iae at(#e a)iae *imi)e* ex ordine parte*
a%mine conden*o nat#ram corpori* exp)ent/
(#ae (#oniam per *e ne(#e#nt con*tare& nece**e*t
haerere #nde (#eant n#))a ratione re'e))i.
*#nt i%it#r *o)ida primordia *imp)icitate&
1
(#ae minimi* *tipata cohaerent parti,#* arte.
non ex i))or#m con'ent# conci)iata&
*ed ma%i* aeterna po))entia *imp)icitate&
#nde ne(#e a'e))i (#ic(#am ne(#e demin#i iam
concedit nat#ra re*er'an* *emina re,#*.
7raeterea ni*i erit minim#m& par'i**ima (#ae(#e
corpora con*ta,#nt ex parti,#* in-initi*&
(#ippe #,i dimidiae parti* par* *emper ha,e,it
dimidiam partem nec re* prae-iniet #))a.
er%o rer#m inter *#mmam minimam(#e (#od e*cit&
ni) erit #t di*tet/ nam (#am'i* -#ndit#* omni*
*#mma *it in-inita& tamen& par'i**ima (#ae *#nt&
ex in-initi* con*ta,#nt parti,#* ae(#e.
(#od (#oniam ratio rec)amat 'era ne%at(#e
credere po**e anim#m& 'ict#* -ateare nece**e*t
e**e ea (#ae n#))i* iam praedita parti,#* extent
et minima con*tent nat#ra. (#ae (#oniam *#nt&
i))a (#o(#e e**e ti,i *o)ida at(#e aeterna -atend#m.
!eni(#e *i minima* in parti* c#ncta re*o)'i
co%ere con*#e**et rer#m nat#ra creatrix&
iam nihi) ex i))i* eadem reparare 'a)eret
propterea (#ia& (#ae n#))i* *#nt parti,#* a#cta&
non po**#nt ea (#ae de,et %enita)i* ha,ere
materie*& 'ario* conex#* pondera p)a%a*
conc#r*#* mot#*& per (#a* re* (#ae(#e %er#nt#r.
6#apropter (#i materiem rer#m e**e p#tar#nt
i%nem at(#e ex i%ni *#mmam con*i*tere *o)o&
ma%no opere a 'era )ap*i ratione 'ident#r.
Herac)it#* init (#or#m d#x proe)ia prim#*&
c)ar#* =o,> o,*c#ram )in%#am ma%i* inter inani*
(#amde %ra'i* inter 1raio*& (#i 'era re(#ir#nt/
omnia enim *to)idi ma%i* admirant#r amant(#e&
in'er*i* (#ae *#, 'er,i* )atitantia cern#nt&
'era(#e con*tit##nt (#ae ,e))e tan%ere po**#nt
a#ri* et )epido (#ae *#nt -#cata *onore.
$am c#r tam 'ariae re* po**ent e**e& re(#iro&
ex #no *i *#nt i%ni p#ro(#e creatae9
ni) prode**et enim ca)id#m den*erier i%nem
nec rare -ieri& *i parte* i%ni* eandem
nat#ram (#am tot#* ha,et *#per i%ni* ha,erent.
acrior ardor enim cond#cti* parti,#* e**et&
)an%#idior porro di*iecti* =di* ? (#e *#pati*.
amp)i#* hoc -ieri nihi) e*t (#od po**e reari*
ta)i,#* in ca#*i*& ne d#m 'ariantia rer#m
tanta (#eat den*i* rari*(#e ex i%ni,#* e**e.
2d (#o(#e: *i -aciant admixt#m re,#* inane&
den*eri poter#nt i%ne* rari(#e re)in(#i/
*ed (#ia m#)ta *i,i cern#nt contraria (#ae *int
et -#%itant in re,#* inane re)in(#ere p#r#m&
ard#a d#m met##nt& amitt#nt 'era 'iai
nec r#r*#m cern#nt exempto re,#* inane
18
omnia den*eri -ieri(#e ex omni,#* #n#m
corp#*& ni) a, *e (#od po**it mittere raptim&
ae*ti-er i%ni* #ti )#men iacit at(#e 'aporem&
#t 'idea* non e *tipati* parti,#* e**e.
6#od *i -orte a)ia cred#nt ratione pote**e
i%ni* in coet# *tin%#i m#tare(#e corp#*&
*ci)icet ex n#))a -acere id *i parte reparcent&
occidet ad nihi)#m ni mir#m -#ndit#* ardor
omni* et =e> nihi)o -ient (#ae c#m(#e creant#r/
nam (#od c#m(#e *#i* m#tat#m -ini,#* exit&
contin#o hoc mor* e*t i))i#* (#od -#it ante.
proinde a)i(#id *#perare nece**e e*t inco)#me o))i*&
ne ti,i re* redeant ad ni)#m -#ndit#* omne*
de nihi)o(#e renata 'i%e*cat copia rer#m.
$#nc i%it#r (#oniam certi**ima corpora (#aedam
*#nt& (#ae con*er'ant nat#ram *emper eandem&
(#or#m a,it# a#t adit# m#tato(#e ordine m#tant
nat#ram re* et con'ert#nt corpora *e*e&
*cire )icet non e**e haec i%nea corpora rer#m.
ni) re-erret enim (#aedam decedere& a,ire
at(#e a)ia adtri,#i m#tari(#e ordine (#aedam&
*i tamen ardori* nat#ram c#ncta tenerent/
i%ni* enim -oret omnimodi* (#od c#m(#e crearet.
'er#m& #t opinor& ita*t: *#nt (#aedam corpora& (#or#m
conc#r*#* mot#* ordo po*it#ra -i%#rae
e--ici#nt i%ni* m#tato(#e ordine m#tant
nat#ram ne(#e *#nt i%ni *im#)ata ne(#e #))i
praeterea rei (#ae corpora mittere po**it
*en*i,#* et no*tro* adiect# tan%ere tact#*.
dicere porro i%nem re* omni* e**e ne(#e #))am
rem 'eram in n#mero rer#m con*tare ni*i i%nem&
(#od -acit hic idem& perde)ir#m e**e 'idet#r.
nam contra *en*#* a, *en*i,#* ip*e rep#%nat
et )a,e-actat eo*& #nde omnia credita pendent&
#nde hic co%nit#* e*t ip*i (#em nominat i%nem/
credit enim *en*#* i%nem co%no*cere 'ere&
cetera non credit& (#ae ni)o c)ara min#* *#nt.
(#od mihi c#m 'an#m t#m de)ir#m e**e 'idet#r/
(#o re-erem#* enim9 (#id no,i* certi#* ip*i*
*en*i,#* e**e pote*t& (#i 'era ac -a)*a notem#*9
7raeterea (#are (#i*(#am ma%i* omnia to))at
et 'e)it ardori* nat#ram )in(#ere *o)am&
(#am ne%et e**e i%ni*& =a)iam> tamen e**e re)in(#at9
ae(#a 'idet#r enim dementia dicere #tr#m(#e.
6#apropter (#i materiem rer#m e**e p#tar#nt
i%nem at(#e ex i%ni *#mmam con*i*tere po**e&
et (#i principi#m %i%n#ndi* a.ra re,#*
con*tit#ere a#t #morem (#i c#m(#e p#tar#nt
-in%ere re* ip*#m per *e terram'e creare
omnia et in rer#m nat#ra* 'ertier omni*&
ma%no opere a 'ero )on%e derra**e 'ident#r.
16
adde etiam (#i cond#p)icant primordia rer#m
a.ra i#n%ente* i%ni terram(#e )i(#ori&
et (#i (#att#or ex re,#* po**e omnia rent#r
ex i%ni terra at(#e anima procre*cere et im,ri.
(#or#m Acra%antin#* c#m primi* 5mpedoc)e* e*t&
in*#)a (#em tri(#etri* terrar#m %e**it in ori*&
(#am -)#itan* circ#m ma%ni* an-racti,#* ae(#or
2oni#m %)a#ci* a*par%it 'ir#* a, #ndi*
an%#*to(#e -ret# rapid#m mare di'idit #ndi*
Aeo)iae terrar#m ora* a -ini,#* ei#*.
hic e*t 'a*ta <hary,di* et hic Aetnaea minant#r
m#rm#ra -)ammar#m r#r*#m *e co))i%ere ira*&
-a#ci,#* er#pto* iter#m 'i* #t 'omat i%ni*
ad cae)#m(#e -erat -)ammai -#)%#ra r#r*#m.
(#ae c#m ma%na modi* m#)ti* miranda 'idet#r
%enti,#* h#mani* re%io 'i*enda(#e -ert#r
re,#* opima ,oni*& m#)ta m#nita 'ir#m 'i&
ni) tamen hoc ha,#i**e 'iro praec)ari#* in *e
nec *anct#m ma%i* et mir#m car#m(#e 'idet#r.
carmina (#in etiam di'ini pectori* ei#*
'oci-erant#r et expon#nt praec)ara reperta&
#t 'ix h#mana 'ideat#r *tirpe creat#*.
Hic tamen et *#pra (#o* dixim#* in-eriore*
parti,#* e%re%ie m#)ti* m#)to(#e minore*&
(#am(#am m#)ta ,ene ac di'init#* in'eniente*
ex adyto tam (#am cordi* re*pon*a dedere
*ancti#* et m#)to certa ratione ma%i* (#am
7ythia (#ae tripodi a 7hoe,i )a#ro(#e pro-at#r&
principii* tamen in rer#m -ecere r#ina*
et %ra'iter ma%ni ma%no cecidere i,i ca*#.
7rim#m (#od mot#* exempto re,#* inani
con*tit##nt et re* mo))i* rara*(#e re)in(##nt
a.ra *o)em i%nem terra* anima)ia -r#%i*
nec tamen admi*cent in eor#m corp#* inane/
deinde (#od omnino -inem non e**e *ecandi*
corpori,#* -acient ne(#e pa#*am *tare -ra%ori
nec pror*#m in re,#* minim#m con*i*tere (#i=c(#am>&
c#m 'ideam#* id extrem#m c#i#*(#e cac#men
e**e (#od ad *en*#* no*tro* minim#m e**e 'idet#r&
conicere #t po**i* ex hoc& (#ae cernere non (#i*
extrem#m (#od ha,ent& minim#m con*i*tere =in i))i*>.
H#c accedit item& (#oniam primordia rer#m
mo))ia con*tit##nt& (#ae no* nati'a 'idem#*
e**e et morta)i c#m corpore& -#ndit#* #t (#i
de,eat ad nihi)#m iam rer#m *#mma re'erti
de nihi)o(#e renata 'i%e*cere copia rer#m/
(#or#m #tr#m(#e (#id a 'ero iam di*tet ha,e,i*.
!einde inimica modi* m#)ti* *#nt at(#e 'eneno
ip*a *i,i inter *e/ (#are a#t con%re**a peri,#nt
a#t ita di--#%ient& #t tempe*tate coacta
-#)mina di--#%ere at(#e im,ri* 'ento*(#e 'idem#*.
1:
!eni(#e (#att#or ex re,#* *i c#ncta creant#r
at(#e in ea* r#r*#m re* omnia di**o)##nt#r&
(#i ma%i* i))a (#e#nt rer#m primordia dici
(#am contra re* i))or#m retro(#e p#tari9
a)terni* %i%n#nt#r enim m#tant(#e co)orem
et totam inter *e nat#ram tempore a, omni.
=-#)mina di--#%ere at(#e im,ri* 'ento*(#e 'idem#*.>
*in ita -orte p#ta* i%ni* terrae(#e coire
corp#* et a.ria* a#ra* rorem(#e )i(#ori*&
ni) in conci)io nat#ram #t m#tet eor#m&
n#))a ti,i ex i))i* poterit re* e**e creata&
non animan*& non exanimo c#m corpore& #t ar,o*/
(#ippe *#am (#ic(#e in coet# 'arianti* acer'i
nat#ram o*tendet mixt#*(#e 'ide,it#r a.r
c#m terra *im#) et (#odam c#m rore manere.
at primordia %i%n#ndi* in re,#* oportet
nat#ram c)ande*tinam caecam(#e adhi,ere&
emineat ne (#id& (#od contra p#%net et o,*tet
(#o min#* e**e (#eat proprie (#odc#m(#e creat#r.
6#in etiam repet#nt a cae)o at(#e i%ni,#* ei#*
et prim#m -aci#nt i%nem *e 'ertere in a#ra*
a.ri*& hinc im,rem %i%ni terram(#e creari
ex im,ri retro(#e a terra c#ncta re'erti&
#morem prim#m& po*t a.ra& deinde ca)orem&
nec ce**are haec inter *e m#tare& meare
a cae)o ad terram& de terra ad *idera m#ndi.
(#od -acere ha#d #))o de,ent primordia pacto.
imm#ta,i)e enim (#iddam *#perare nece**e*t&
ne re* ad nihi)#m redi%ant#r -#ndit#* omne*/
(#apropter (#oniam (#ae pa#)o dixim#* ante
in comm#tat#m 'eni#nt& con*tare nece**e*t
ex a)ii* ea& (#ae ne(#eant con'ertier #*(#am&
ne ti,i re* redeant ad ni)#m -#ndit#* omni*/
(#in poti#* ta)i nat#ra praedita (#aedam
corpora con*tit#a*& i%nem *i -orte crearint&
po**e eadem dempti* pa#ci* pa#ci*(#e tri,#ti*&
ordine m#tato et mot#& -acere a.ri* a#ra*&
*ic a)ia* a)ii* re,#* m#tarier omni*9
@At mani-e*ta pa)am re* indicat@ in(#i* @in a#ra*
a.ri* e terra re* omni* cre*cere a)i(#e/
et ni*i tempe*ta* ind#)%et tempore -a#*to
im,ri,#*& #t ta,e nim,or#m ar,#*ta 'aci))ent&
*o)(#e *#a pro parte -o'et tri,#it(#e ca)orem&
cre*cere non po**int -r#%e* ar,#*ta animanti*.@
*ci)icet et ni*i no* ci,#* arid#* et tener #mor
adi#'et& ami**o iam corpore 'ita (#o(#e omni*
omni,#* e ner'i* at(#e o**i,#* ex*o)#at#r/
adi#tam#r enim d#,io proc#) at(#e a)im#r no*
certi* a, re,#*& certi* a)iae at(#e a)iae re*.
18
ni mir#m (#ia m#)ta modi* comm#nia m#)ti*
m#)tar#m rer#m in re,#* primordia mixta
*#nt& ideo 'arii* 'ariae re* re,#* a)#nt#r.
at(#e eadem ma%ni re-ert primordia *aepe
c#m (#i,#* et (#a)i po*it#ra contineant#r
et (#o* inter *e dent mot#* accipiant(#e/
nam(#e eadem cae)#m mare terra* -)#mina *o)em
con*tit##nt& eadem -r#%e* ar,#*ta animanti*&
'er#m a)ii* a)io(#e modo commixta mo'ent#r.
(#in etiam pa**im no*tri* in 'er*i,#* ip*i*
m#)ta e)ementa 'ide* m#)ti* comm#nia 'er,i*&
c#m tamen inter *e 'er*#* ac 'er,a nece**e*t
con-iteare et re et *onit# di*tare *onanti.
tant#m e)ementa (#e#nt perm#tato ordine *o)o/
at rer#m (#ae *#nt primordia& p)#ra adhi,ere
po**#nt #nde (#eant 'ariae re* (#ae(#e creari.
$#nc et Anaxa%orae *cr#tem#r homoeomerian
(#am 1rai memorant nec no*tra dicere )in%#a
concedit no,i* patrii *ermoni* e%e*ta*&
*ed tamen ip*am rem -aci)e*t exponere 'er,i*.
principio& rer#m (#am dicit homoeomerian&
o**a 'ide)icet e pa#xi))i* at(#e min#ti*
o**i,#* hic et de pa#xi))i* at(#e min#ti*
'i*ceri,#* 'i*c#* %i%ni *an%#en(#e creari
*an%#ini* inter *e m#)ti* coe#nti,#* %#tti*
ex a#ri(#e p#tat mici* con*i*tere po**e
a#r#m et de terri* terram concre*cere par'i*&
i%ni,#* ex i%ni*& #morem #mori,#* e**e&
cetera con*imi)i -in%it ratione p#tat(#e.
nec tamen e**e #))a de parte in re,#* inane
concedit ne(#e corpori,#* -inem e**e *ecandi*.
(#are in #tra(#e mihi pariter ratione 'idet#r
errare at(#e i))i& *#pra (#o* dixim#* ante.
Adde (#od in,eci))a nimi* primordia -in%it/
*i primordia *#nt& *imi)i (#ae praedita con*tant
nat#ra at(#e ip*ae re* *#nt ae(#e(#e )a,orant
et pere#nt& ne(#e a, exitio re* #))a re-renat.
nam (#id in oppre**# 'a)ido d#ra,it eor#m&
#t mortem e--#%iat& )eti *#, denti,#* ip*i*9
i%ni* an #mor an a#ra9 (#id hor#m9 *an%#en an o**a9
ni) #t opinor& #,i ex ae(#o re* -#ndit#* omni*
tam morta)i* erit (#am (#ae mani-e*ta 'idem#*
ex oc#)i* no*tri* a)i(#a 'i 'icta perire.
at ne(#e reccidere ad nihi)#m re* po**e ne(#e a#tem
cre*cere de nihi)o te*tor re* ante pro,ata*.
7raeterea (#oniam ci,#* a#%et corp#* a)it(#e&
*cire )icet no,i* 'ena* et *an%#en et o**a
A A A
*i'e ci,o* omni* commixto corpore dicent
e**e et ha,ere in *e ner'or#m corpora par'a
o**a(#e et omnino 'ena* parti*(#e cr#ori*&
19
-iet #ti ci,#* omni* et arid#* et )i(#or ip*e
ex a)ieni%eni* re,#* con*tare p#tet#r&
o**i,#* et ner'i* *anie(#e et *an%#ine mixto.
7raeterea (#ae c#m(#e e terra corpora cre*c#nt&
*i *#nt in terri*& terram con*tare nece**e*t
ex a)ieni%eni*& (#ae terri* exori#nt#r.
tran*-er item& totidem 'er,i* #tare )ice,it:
in )i%ni* *i -)amma )atet -#m#*(#e cini*(#e&
ex a)ieni%eni* con*i*tant )i%na nece**e*t&
=praeterea te))#* (#ae corpora c#m(#e a)it a#%et>
ex a)ieni%eni*& (#ae )i%ni* =ex>ori#nt#r.
Lin(#it#r hic (#aedam )atitandi copia ten'i*&
id (#od Anaxa%ora* *i,i *#mit& #t omni,#* omni*
re* p#tet inmixta* re,#* )atitare& *ed i))#d
apparere #n#m& c#i#* *int p)#rima mixta
et ma%i* in prompt# prima(#e in -ronte )ocata.
(#od tamen a 'era )on%e ratione rep#)*#m*t/
con'enie,at enim -r#%e* (#o(#e *aepe& minaci
ro,ore c#m in *axi -ran%#nt#r& mittere *i%n#m
*an%#ini* a#t a)i(#id& no*tro (#ae corpore a)#nt#r.
c#m )apidi in )apidem terim#*& manare cr#orem
con*imi)i ratione her,i* (#o(#e *aepe dece,at&
et )atice* d#)ci* %#tta* *imi)i(#e *apore
mittere& )ani%erae (#a)i *#nt #,ere )acti*&
*ci)icet et %)e,i* terrar#m *aepe -riati*
her,ar#m %enera et -r#%e* -ronde*(#e 'ideri
di*pertita inter terram )atitare min#te&
po*tremo in )i%ni* cinerem -#m#m(#e 'ideri&
c#m prae-racta -orent& i%ni*(#e )atere min#to*.
(#or#m ni) -ieri (#oniam mani-e*ta docet re*&
*cire )icet non e**e in re,#* re* ita mixta*&
'er#m *emina m#)timodi* inmixta )atere
m#)tar#m rer#m in re,#* comm#nia de,ent.
@At *aepe in ma%ni* -it monti,#*@ in(#i* @#t a)ti*
ar,ori,#* 'icina cac#mina *#mma terant#r
inter *e 'a)idi* -acere id co%enti,#* a#*tri*&
donec -)ammai -#)*er#nt -)ore coorto.@
*ci)icet et non e*t )i%ni* tamen in*it#* i%ni*&
'er#m *emina *#nt ardori* m#)ta& terendo
(#ae c#m con-)#xere& creant incendia *i)'i*.
(#od *i -acta -oret *i)'i* a,*condita -)amma&
non po**ent #))#m temp#* ce)arier i%ne*&
con-icerent 'o)%o *i)'a*& ar,#*ta cremarent.
iamne 'ide* i%it#r& pa#)o (#od dixim#* ante&
perma%ni re-erre eadem primordia *aepe
et (#o* inter *e dent mot#* accipiant(#e&
at(#e eadem pa#)o inter *e m#tata creare
i%ne* et )i%n#m9 (#o pacto 'er,a (#o(#e ip*a
inter *e pa#)o m#tati* *#nt e)ementi*&
c#m )i%na at(#e i%ne* di*tincta 'oce notem#*.
20
!eni(#e iam (#ae c#m(#e in re,#* cerni* aperti*
*i -ieri non po**e p#ta*& (#in materiai
corpora con*imi)i nat#ra praedita -in%a*&
hac ratione ti,i pere#nt primordia rer#m:
-iet #ti ri*# trem#)o conc#**a cachinnent
et )acrimi* *a)*i* #mectent ora %ena*(#e.
$#nc a%e& (#od *#per e*t& co%no*ce et c)ari#* a#di.
nec me animi -a))it (#am *int o,*c#ra/ *ed acri
perc#**it thyr*o )a#di* *pe* ma%na me#m cor
et *im#) inc#**it *#a'em mi in pect#* amorem
M#*ar#m& (#o n#nc in*tinct#* mente 'i%enti
a'ia 7ierid#m pera%ro )oca n#))i#* ante
trita *o)o. i#'at inte%ro* accedere -onti*
at(#e ha#rire i#'at(#e no'o* decerpere -)ore*
in*i%nem(#e meo capiti petere inde coronam&
#nde pri#* n#))i 'e)arint tempora M#*ae/
prim#m (#od ma%ni* doceo de re,#* et arti*
re)i%ion#m anim#m nodi* ex*o)'ere per%o&
deinde (#od o,*c#ra de re tam )#cida pan%o
carmina m#*aeo contin%en* c#ncta )epore.
id (#o(#e enim non a, n#))a ratione 'idet#r/
*ed 'e) #ti p#eri* a,*inthia taetra medente*
c#m dare conant#r& pri#* ora* poc#)a circ#m
contin%#nt me))i* d#)ci -)a'o(#e )i(#ore&
#t p#eror#m aeta* inpro'ida )#di-icet#r
)a,ror#m ten#*& interea perpotet amar#m
a,*inthi )aticem decepta(#e non capiat#r&
*ed poti#* ta)i -acto recreata 'a)e*cat&
*ic e%o n#nc& (#oniam haec ratio p)er#m(#e 'idet#r
tri*tior e**e (#i,#* non e*t tractata& retro(#e
'o)%#* a,horret a, hac& 'o)#i ti,i *#a'i)o(#enti
carmine 7ierio rationem exponere no*tram
et (#a*i m#*aeo d#)ci contin%ere me))e&
*i ti,i -orte anim#m ta)i ratione tenere
'er*i,#* in no*tri* po**em& d#m per*pici* omnem
nat#ram rer#m& (#a con*tet compta -i%#ra.
;ed (#oniam doc#i *o)idi**ima materiai
corpora perpet#o 'o)itare in'icta per ae'om&
n#nc a%e& *#mmai (#aedam *it -ini* eor#m
nec=ne> *it& e'o)'am#*/ item (#od inane repert#m*t
*e# )oc#* ac *pati#m& re* in (#o (#ae(#e %erant#r&
per'ideam#* #tr#m -init#m -#ndit#* omne
con*tet an immen*#m pateat 'a*te(#e pro-#nd#m.
4mne (#od e*t i%it#r n#))a re%ione 'iar#m
-init#m*t/ nam(#e extrem#m de,e,at ha,ere.
extrem#m porro n#))i#* po**e 'idet#r
e**e& ni*i #)tra *it (#od -iniat& #t 'ideat#r
(#o non )on%i#* haec *en*#* nat#ra *e(#at#r.
n#nc extra *#mmam (#oniam nihi) e**e -atend#m&
non ha,et extrem#m& caret er%o -ine modo(#e.
nec re-ert (#i,#* ad*i*ta* re%ioni,#* ei#*/
21
#*(#e adeo& (#em (#i*(#e )oc#m po**edit& in omni*
tant#ndem parti* in-init#m omne re)in(#it.
7raeterea *i iam -init#m con*tit#at#r
omne (#od e*t *pati#m& *i (#i* proc#rrat ad ora*
#)tim#* extrema* iaciat(#e 'o)ati)e te)#m&
id 'a)idi* #tr#m contort#m 'iri,#* ire
(#o -#erit mi**#m ma'i* )on%e(#e 'o)are&
an prohi,ere a)i(#id cen*e* o,*tare(#e po**e9
a)ter#tr#m -ateari* enim *#ma*(#e nece**e*t.
(#or#m #tr#m(#e ti,i e--#%i#m praec)#dit et omne
co%it #t exempta conceda* -ine patere.
nam *i'e e*t a)i(#id (#od pro,eat e--iciat(#e
(#o min#* (#o mi**#m e*t 'eniat -ini(#e )ocet *e&
*i'e -ora* -ert#r& non e*t a -ine pro-ect#m.
hoc pacto *e(#ar at(#e& ora* #,i c#m(#e )ocari*
extrema*& (#aeram: (#id te)o deni(#e -iet9
-iet #ti n#*(#am po**it con*i*tere -ini*
e--#%i#m(#e -#%ae pro)atet copia *emper.
7raeterea *pati#m *#mmai toti#* omne
#ndi(#e *i inc)#*#m certi* con*i*teret ori*
-init#m(#e -oret& iam copia materiai
#ndi(#e ponderi,#* *o)idi* con-)#xet ad im#m
nec re* #))a %eri *#, cae)i te%mine po**et
nec -oret omnino cae)#m ne(#e )#mina *o)i*&
(#ippe #,i materie* omni* c#m#)ata iaceret
ex in-inito iam tempore *#,*idendo.
at n#nc ni mir#m re(#ie* data principior#m
corpori,#* n#))a*t& (#ia ni) e*t -#ndit#* im#m&
(#o (#a*i con-)#ere et *ede* #,i ponere po**int.
*emper in ad*id#o mot# re* (#ae(#e %er#nt#r
parti,#* =in> c#ncti*& in-erna(#e *#ppeditant#r
ex in-inito cita corpora materiai.
7o*tremo ante oc#)o* re* rem -inire 'idet#r/
a.r di**aepit co))i* at(#e a.ra monte*&
terra mare et contra mare terra* terminat omni*/
omne (#idem 'ero nihi) e*t (#od -iniat extra.
e*t i%it#r nat#ra )oci *pati#m(#e pro-#ndi&
(#od ne(#e c)ara *#o perc#rrere -#)mina c#r*#
perpet#o po**int ae'i )a,entia tract#
nec pror*#m -acere #t re*tet min#* ire meando/
#*(#e adeo pa**im patet in%en* copia re,#*
-ini,#* exempti* in c#ncta* #ndi(#e parti*.
2p*a mod#m porro *i,i rer#m *#mma parare
ne po**it& nat#ra tenet& (#ae corp#* inane
et (#od inane a#tem e*t -iniri corpore co%it&
#t *ic a)terni* in-inita omnia reddat&
a#t etiam a)ter#tr#m& ni*i terminet a)ter#m eor#m&
*imp)ice nat#ra pateat tamen inmoderat#m&
nec mare nec te))#* ne(#e cae)i )#cida temp)a
nec morta)e %en#* nec di'#m corpora *ancta
exi%##m po**ent horai *i*tere temp#*/
22
nam di*p#)*a *#o de coet# materiai
copia -erret#r ma%n#m per inane *o)#ta&
*i'e adeo poti#* n#m(#am concreta crea**et
#))am rem& (#oniam co%i di*iecta ne(#i**et.
nam certe ne(#e con*i)io primordia rer#m
ordine *e *#o (#ae(#e *a%aci mente )ocar#nt
nec (#o* (#ae(#e =darent mot#* pepi%ere pro-ecto>
*ed (#ia m#)ta modi* m#)ti* m#tata per omne
ex in-inito 'exant#r percita p)a%i*&
omne %en#* mot#* et coet#* experi#ndo
tandem de'eni#nt in ta)i* di*po*it#ra*&
(#a)i,#* haec rer#m con*i*tit *#mma creata&
et m#)to* etiam ma%no* *er'ata per anno*
#t *eme) in mot#* coniecta*t con'enienti*&
e--icit #t )ar%i* a'id#m mare -)#mini* #ndi*
inte%rent amne* et *o)i* terra 'apore
-ota no'et -et#* *#mmi**a(#e %en* animant#m
-)oreat et 'i'ant )a,enti* aetheri* i%ne*.
(#od n#))o -acerent pacto& ni*i materiai
ex in-inito *#,oriri copia po**et&
#nde ami**a *o)ent reparare in tempore (#ae(#e.
nam 'e) #ti pri'ata ci,o nat#ra animant#m
di--)#it amitten* corp#*& *ic omnia de,ent
di**o)#i *im#) ac de-ecit *#ppeditare
materie* a)i(#a ratione a'er*a 'iai.
nec p)a%ae po**#nt extrin*ec#* #ndi(#e *#mmam
con*er'are omnem& (#ae c#m(#e e*t conci)iata.
c#dere enim cre,ro po**#nt partem(#e morari&
d#m 'eniant a)iae ac *#pp)eri *#mma (#eat#r/
inter d#m re*i)ire tamen co%#nt#r et #na
principii* rer#m *pati#m temp#*(#e -#%ai
)ar%iri& #t po**int a coet# )i,era -erri.
(#are etiam at(#e etiam *#,oriri m#)ta nece**e*t&
et tamen #t p)a%ae (#o(#e po**int *#ppetere ip*ae&
in-inita op#* e*t 'i* #ndi(#e materiai.
2))#d in hi* re,#* )on%e -#%e credere& Memmi&
in medi#m *#mmae (#od dic#nt omnia niti
at(#e ideo m#ndi nat#ram *tare *ine #))i*
icti,#* externi* ne(#e (#o(#am po**e re*o)'i
*#mma at(#e ima& (#od in medi#m *int omnia nixa&
ip*#m *i (#ic(#am po**e in *e *i*tere credi*&
et (#ae pondera *#nt *#, terri* omnia *#r*#m
nitier in terra(#e retro re(#ie*cere po*ta&
#t per a(#a* (#ae n#nc rer#m *im#)acra 'idem#*/
et *imi)i ratione anima)ia *#ppa 'a%ari
contend#nt ne(#e po**e e terri* in )oca cae)i
reccidere in-eriora ma%i* (#am corpora no*tra
*ponte *#a po**int in cae)i temp)a 'o)are/
i))i c#m 'ideant *o)em& no* *idera nocti*
cernere et a)terni* no,i*c#m tempora cae)i
di'idere et nocte* pari)i* a%itare die,#*.
20
*ed 'an#* *to)idi* haec A A A
amp)exi (#od ha,ent per' A A A
nam medi#m nihi) e**e pote*t A A A
in-inita/ ne(#e omnino& *i iam =medi#m *it ?&
po**it i,i (#ic(#am con*i*tere A A A
(#am (#a'i* a)ia )on%e ratione A A A
omni* enim )oc#* ac *pati#m& (#od in&
per medi#m& per non medi#m& concedere =de,et>
ae(#e ponderi,#*& mot#* (#a c#m(#e -er#nt#r.
nec (#i*(#am )oc#* e*t& (#o corpora c#m 'ener#nt&
ponderi* ami**a 'i po**int *tare =in> inani/
nec (#od inane a#tem e*t #))i *#,*i*tere de,et&
(#in& *#a (#od nat#ra petit& concedere per%at.
ha#d i%it#r po**#nt ta)i ratione teneri
re* in conci)i#m medii c#ppedine 'ictae.
7raeterea (#oniam non omnia corpora -in%#nt
in medi#m niti& *ed terrar#m at(#e )i(#ori*
#morem ponti ma%na*(#e e monti,#* #nda*&
et (#a*i terreno (#ae corpore contineant#r&
at contra ten#i* expon#nt a.ri* a#ra*
et ca)ido* *im#) a medio di--errier i%ni*&
at(#e ideo tot#m circ#m tremere aethera *i%ni*
et *o)i* -)ammam per cae)i caer#)a pa*ci&
(#od ca)or a medio -#%ien* *e i,i con)i%at omni*&
nec pror*#m ar,ori,#* *#mmo* -ronde*cere ramo*
po**e& ni*i a terri* pa#)atim c#i(#e ci,at#m
A A A
ne 'o)#cri rit# -)ammar#m moenia m#ndi
di--#%iant *#,ito ma%n#m per inane *o)#ta
et ne cetera con*imi)i ratione *e(#ant#r
ne'e r#ant cae)i tonitra)ia temp)a *#perne
terra(#e *e pedi,#* raptim *#,d#cat et omni*
inter permixta* rer#m cae)i(#e r#ina*
corpora *o)'ente* a,eat per inane pro-#nd#m&
tempori* #t p#ncto nihi) extet re)i(#iar#m
de*ert#m praeter *pati#m et primordia caeca.
nam (#a c#m(#e pri#* de parti corpora de**e
con*tit#e*& haec re,#* erit par* ian#a )eti&
hac *e t#r,a -ora* da,it omni* materiai.
Haec *ic perno*ce* par'a perd#ct#* ope))a/
nam(#e a)id ex a)io c)are*cet nec ti,i caeca
nox iter eripiet& (#in #)tima nat#rai
per'idea*: ita re* accendent )#mina re,#*.
2
Liber II

;#a'e& mari ma%no t#r,anti,#* ae(#ora 'enti*
e terra ma%n#m a)teri#* *pectare )a,orem/
non (#ia 'exari (#em(#am*t i#c#nda 'o)#pta*&
*ed (#i,#* ip*e ma)i* carea* (#ia cernere *#a'e*t.
*#a'e etiam ,e))i certamina ma%na t#eri
per campo* in*tr#cta t#a *ine parte peric)i/
*ed nihi) d#)ci#* e*t& ,ene (#am m#nita tenere
edita doctrina *apient#m temp)a *erena&
de*picere #nde (#ea* a)io* pa**im(#e 'idere
errare at(#e 'iam pa)anti* (#aerere 'itae&
certare in%enio& contendere no,i)itate&
nocte* at(#e die* niti prae*tante )a,ore
ad *#mma* emer%ere ope* rer#m(#e potiri.
o mi*era* homin#m mente*& o pectora caeca3
(#a)i,#* in tene,ri* 'itae (#anti*(#e peric)i*
de%it#r hoc ae'i (#od c#m(#e*t3 nonne 'idere
nihi) a)i#d *i,i nat#ram )atrare& ni*i #t (#i
corpore *ei#nct#* do)or a,*it& mente -r#at#r
i#c#ndo *en*# c#ra *emota met#(#e9
er%o corpoream ad nat#ram pa#ca 'idem#*
e**e op#* omnino: (#ae demant c#m(#e do)orem&
de)icia* (#o(#e #ti m#)ta* *#,*ternere po**int
%rati#* inter d#m& ne(#e nat#ra ip*a re(#irit&
*i non a#rea *#nt i#'en#m *im#)acra per aede*
)ampada* i%ni-era* mani,#* retinentia dextri*&
)#mina noct#rni* ep#)i* #t *#ppeditent#r&
nec dom#* ar%ento -#)%et a#ro(#e renidet
nec citharae re,oant )a(#eata a#rata(#e temp)a&
c#m tamen inter *e pro*trati in %ramine mo))i
propter a(#ae ri'#m *#, rami* ar,ori* a)tae
non ma%ni* opi,#* i#c#nde corpora c#rant&
prae*ertim c#m tempe*ta* adridet et anni
tempora con*per%#nt 'iridanti* -)ori,#* her,a*.
nec ca)idae citi#* deced#nt corpore -e,re*&
texti)i,#* *i in pict#ri* o*tro(#e r#,enti
iacteri*& (#am *i in p)e,eia 'e*te c#,and#m e*t.
(#apropter (#oniam nihi) no*tro in corpore %aBae
pro-ici#nt ne(#e no,i)ita* nec %)oria re%ni&
(#od *#per e*t& animo (#o(#e ni) prode**e p#tand#m/
*i non -orte t#a* )e%ione* per )oca campi
-er'ere c#m 'idea* ,e))i *im#)acra cienti*&
*#,*idii* ma%ni* et op#m 'i con*ta,i)ita*&
ornata* armi* *t)atta* pariter(#e animata*&
hi* ti,i t#m re,#* time-actae re)i%ione*
e--#%i#nt animo pa'idae morti*(#e timore*
t#m 'ac##m pect#* )inc#nt c#ra(#e *o)#t#m.
(#od *i ridic#)a haec )#di,ria(#e e**e 'idem#*&
re 'era(#e met#* homin#m c#rae(#e *e(#ace*
28
nec met##nt *onit#* armor#m nec -era te)a
a#dacter(#e inter re%e* rer#m(#e potenti*
'er*ant#r ne(#e -#)%orem re'erent#r a, a#ro
nec c)ar#m 'e*ti* *p)endorem p#rp#reai&
(#id d#,ita* (#in omni* *it haec rationi* pote*ta*&
omni* c#m in tene,ri* prae*ertim 'ita )a,oret9
nam 'e) #ti p#eri trepidant at(#e omnia caeci*
in tene,ri* met##nt& *ic no* in )#ce timem#*
inter d#m& nihi)o (#ae *#nt met#enda ma%i* (#am
(#ae p#eri in tene,ri* pa'itant -in%#nt(#e -#t#ra.
$#nc a%e& (#o mot# %enita)ia materiai
corpora re* 'aria* %i%nant %enita*(#e re*o)'ant
et (#a 'i -acere id co%ant#r (#ae(#e *it o))i*
reddita mo,i)ita* ma%n#m per inane meandi&
expediam: t# te dicti* prae,ere memento.
nam certe non inter *e *tipata cohaeret
materie*& (#oniam min#i rem (#am(#e 'idem#*
et (#a*i )on%in(#o -)#ere omnia cernim#* ae'o
ex oc#)i*(#e 'et#*tatem *#,d#cere no*tri*&
c#m tamen inco)#mi* 'ideat#r *#mma manere
propterea (#ia& (#ae deced#nt corpora c#i(#e&
#nde a,e#nt min##nt& (#o 'enere a#%mine donant.
i))a *ene*cere& at haec contra -)ore*cere co%#nt&
nec remorant#r i,i. *ic rer#m *#mma no'at#r
*emper& et inter *e morta)e* m#t#a 'i'#nt.
a#%e*c#nt a)iae %ente*& a)iae min##nt#r&
in(#e ,re'i *patio m#tant#r *aec)a animant#m
et (#a*i c#r*ore* 'itai )ampada trad#nt.
;i ce**are p#ta* rer#m primordia po**e
ce**ando(#e no'o* rer#m pro%i%nere mot#*&
a'i#* a 'era )on%e ratione 'a%ari*.
nam (#oniam per inane 'a%ant#r& c#ncta nece**e*t
a#t %ra'itate *#a -erri primordia rer#m
a#t ict# -orte a)teri#*. nam =c#m> cita *aepe
o,'ia con-)ixere& -it #t di'er*a repente
di**i)iant/ ne(#e enim mir#m& d#ri**ima (#ae *int
ponderi,#* *o)idi* ne(#e (#ic(#am a ter%i,#* o,*tet.
et (#o iactari ma%i* omnia materiai
corpora per'idea*& remini*cere toti#* im#m
ni) e**e in *#mma& ne(#e ha,ere #,i corpora prima
con*i*tant& (#oniam *pati#m *ine -ine modo(#e*t
inmen*#m(#e patere in c#ncta* #ndi(#e parti*
p)#ri,#* o*tendi et certa ratione pro,at#m*t.
(#od (#oniam con*tat& ni mir#m n#))a (#ie* e*t
reddita corpori,#* primi* per inane pro-#nd#m&
*ed ma%i* ad*id#o 'ario(#e exercita mot#
partim inter'a))i* ma%ni* con-#)ta re*#)tant&
par* etiam ,re'i,#* *patii* 'exant#r a, ict#.
26
et (#ae c#m(#e ma%i* conden*o conci)iat#
exi%#i* inter'a))i* con'ecta re*#)tant&
ind#pedita *#i* perp)exi* ip*a -i%#ri*&
haec 'a)ida* *axi radice* et -era -erri
corpora con*tit##nt et cetera =de> %enere hor#m.
pa#c#)a (#ae porro ma%n#m per inane 'a%ant#r&
cetera di**i)i#nt )on%e )on%e(#e rec#r*ant
in ma%ni* inter'a))i*/ haec a.ra rar#m
*#--ici#nt no,i* et *p)endida )#mina *o)i*.
m#)ta(#e praeterea ma%n#m per inane 'a%ant#r&
conci)ii* rer#m (#ae *#nt reiecta nec #*(#am
con*ociare etiam mot#* pot#ere recepta.
<#i#*& #ti memoro& rei *im#)acr#m et ima%o
ante oc#)o* *emper no,i* 'er*at#r et in*tat.
contemp)ator enim& c#m *o)i* )#mina c#m(#e
in*erti -#nd#nt radii per opaca domor#m:
m#)ta min#ta modi* m#)ti* per inane 'ide,i*
corpora mi*ceri radior#m )#mine in ip*o
et 'e) #t aeterno certamine proe)ia p#%na*
edere t#rmatim certantia nec dare pa#*am&
conci)ii* et di*cidii* exercita cre,ri*/
conicere #t po**i* ex hoc& primordia rer#m
(#a)e *it in ma%no iactari *emper inani.
d#m taxat& rer#m ma%nar#m par'a pote*t re*
exemp)are dare et 'e*ti%ia notitiai.
Hoc etiam ma%i* haec anim#m te ad'ertere par e*t
corpora (#ae in *o)i* radii* t#r,are 'ident#r&
(#od ta)e* t#r,ae mot#* (#o(#e materiai
*i%ni-icant c)ande*tino* caeco*(#e *#,e**e.
m#)ta 'ide,i* enim p)a%i* i,i percita caeci*
comm#tare 'iam retro(#e rep#)*a re'erti
n#nc h#c n#nc i))#c in c#ncta* #ndi(#e parti*.
*ci)icet hic a principii* e*t omni,#* error.
prima mo'ent#r enim per *e primordia rer#m&
inde ea (#ae par'o *#nt corpora conci)iat#
et (#a*i proxima *#nt ad 'iri* principior#m&
icti,#* i))or#m caeci* inp#)*a cient#r&
ip*a(#e porro pa#)o maiora )ace**#nt.
*ic a principii* a*cendit mot#* et exit
pa#)atim no*tro* ad *en*#*& #t mo'eant#r
i))a (#o(#e& in *o)i* (#ae )#mine cernere (#im#*
nec (#i,#* id -aciant p)a%i* apparet aperte.
$#nc (#ae mo,i)ita* *it reddita materiai
corpori,#*& pa#ci* )icet hinc co%no*cere& Memmi.
prim#m a#rora no'o c#m *par%it )#mine terra*
et 'ariae 'o)#cre* nemora a'ia per'o)itante*
a.ra per tener#m )i(#idi* )oca 'oci,#* opp)ent&
(#am *#,ito *o)eat *o) ort#* tempore ta)i
con'e*tire *#a per-#nden* omnia )#ce&
omni,#* in prompt# mani-e*t#m(#e e**e 'idem#*.
at 'apor i*& (#em *o) mittit& )#men(#e *eren#m
2:
non per inane meat 'ac##m/ (#o tardi#* ire
co%it#r& a.ria* (#a*i d#m di'er,erat #nda*/
nec *in%i))atim corp#*c#)a (#ae(#e 'apori*
*ed comp)exa meant inter *e con(#e %)o,ata/
(#a propter *im#) inter *e retrah#nt#r et extra
o--ici#nt#r& #ti co%ant#r tardi#* ire.
at (#ae *#nt *o)ida primordia *imp)icitate&
c#m per inane meant 'ac##m nec re* remorat#r
#))a -ori* at(#e ip*a *#i* e parti,#* #n#m&
#n#m& in (#em coepere& )oc#m conixa -er#nt#r&
de,ent ni mir#m praece))ere mo,i)itate
et m#)to citi#* -erri (#am )#mina *o)i*
m#)tip)ex(#e )oci *pati#m tran*c#rrere eodem
tempore (#o *o)i* per'o)%ant -#)%#ra cae)#m.
A A A
nec per*ectari primordia *in%#)a (#ae(#e&
#t 'ideant (#a (#ic(#e %erat#r c#m ratione.
At (#idam contra haec& i%nari materiai&
nat#ram non po**e de#m *ine n#mine redd#nt
tanto opere h#mani* rationi,#* atmoderate
tempora m#tare annor#m -r#%e*(#e creare
et iam cetera& morta)i* (#ae *#adet adire
ip*a(#e ded#cit d#x 'itae dia 'o)#pta*
et re* per +eneri* ,)andit#r *aec)a propa%ent&
ne %en#* occidat h#man#m. (#or#m omnia ca#*a
con*tit#i**e deo* c#m -in%#nt& omni,#* re,#*
ma%no opere a 'era )ap*i ratione 'ident#r.
nam (#am'i* rer#m i%norem primordia (#ae *int&
hoc tamen ex ip*i* cae)i rationi,#* a#*im
con-irmare a)ii*(#e ex re,#* reddere m#)ti*&
ne(#a(#am no,i* di'init#* e**e creatam
nat#ram m#ndi: tanta *tat praedita c#)pa.
(#ae ti,i po*teri#*& Memmi& -aciem#* aperta/
n#nc id (#od *#per e*t de moti,#* expediem#*.
$#nc )oc#* e*t& #t opinor& in hi* i))#d (#o(#e re,#*
con-irmare ti,i& n#))am rem po**e *#a 'i
corpoream *#r*#m -erri *#r*#m(#e meare.
ne ti,i dent in eo -)ammar#m corpora -r#dem/
*#r*#* enim 'er*#* %i%n#nt#r et a#%mina *#m#nt
et *#r*#m nitidae -r#%e* ar,#*ta(#e cre*c#nt&
pondera& (#ant#m in *e e*t& c#m deor*#m c#ncta -erant#r.
nec c#m *#,*i)i#nt i%ne* ad tecta domor#m
et ce)eri -)amma de%#*tant ti%na tra,e*(#e&
*ponte *#a -acere id *ine 'i *#,iecta p#tand#m e*t.
(#od %en#* e no*tro com mi**#* corpore *an%#i*
emicat ex#)tan* a)te *par%it(#e cr#orem.
nonne 'ide* etiam (#anta 'i ti%na tra,e*(#e
re*p#at #mor a(#ae9 nam (#o ma%i* #r*im#* a)t#m
derecta et ma%na 'i m#)ti pre**im#* ae%re&
tam c#pide *#r*#m remo'et ma%i* at(#e remittit&
p)#* #t parte -ora* emer%ant exi)iant(#e.
28
nec tamen haec& (#ant#m e*t in *e& d#,itam#*& opinor&
(#in 'ac##m per inane deor*#m c#ncta -erant#r.
*ic i%it#r de,ent -)ammae (#o(#e po**e per a#ra*
a.ri* expre**ae *#r*#m *#ccedere& (#am(#am
pondera& (#ant#m in e*t& deor*#m d#cere p#%nent.
noct#rna*(#e -ace* cae)i *#,)ime 'o)anti*
nonne 'ide* )on%o* -)ammar#m d#cere tract#*
in (#a* c#m(#e dedit parti* nat#ra meat#m9
non cadere in terra* *te))a* et *idera cerni*9
*o) etiam de 'ertice di**ipat omni*
ardorem in parti* et )#mine con*erit ar'a/
in terra* i%it#r (#o(#e *o)i* 'er%it#r ardor.
tran*'er*o*(#e 'o)are per im,ri* -#)mina cerni*&
n#nc hinc n#nc i))inc a,r#pti n#,i,#* i%ne*
conc#r*ant/ cadit in terra* 'i* -)ammea 'o)%o.
2))#d in hi* (#o(#e te re,#* co%no*cere a'em#*&
corpora c#m deor*#m rect#m per inane -er#nt#r
ponderi,#* proprii*& incerto tempore -erme
incerti*(#e )oci* *patio depe))ere pa#)#m&
tant#m (#od momen m#tat#m dicere po**i*.
(#od ni*i dec)inare *o)erent& omnia deor*#m
im,ri* #ti %#ttae caderent per inane pro-#nd#m
nec -oret o--en*#* nat#* nec p)a%a creata
principii*/ ita nihi) #m(#am nat#ra crea**et.
6#od *i -orte a)i(#i* credit %ra'iora pote**e
corpora& (#o citi#* rect#m per inane -er#nt#r&
incidere ex *#pero )e'iori,#* at(#e ita p)a%a*
%i%nere& (#ae po**int %enita)i* reddere mot#*&
a'i#* a 'era )on%e ratione recedit.
nam per a(#a* (#ae c#m(#e cad#nt at(#e a.ra rar#m&
haec pro ponderi,#* ca*#* ce)erare nece**e*t
propterea (#ia corp#* a(#ae nat#ra(#e ten'i*
a.ri* ha#d po**#nt ae(#e rem (#am(#e morari&
*ed citi#* ced#nt %ra'iori,#* ex*#perata/
at contra n#))i de n#))a parte ne(#e #))o
tempore inane pote*t 'ac##m *#,*i*tere rei&
(#in& *#a (#od nat#ra petit& concedere per%at/
omnia (#a propter de,ent per inane (#iet#m
ae(#e ponderi,#* non ae(#i* concita -erri.
ha#d i%it#r poter#nt )e'iori,#* incidere #m(#am
ex *#pero %ra'iora ne(#e ict#* %i%nere per *e&
(#i 'arient mot#*& per (#o* nat#ra %erat re*.
(#are etiam at(#e etiam pa#)#m inc)inare nece**e*t
corpora/ nec p)#* (#am minim#m& ne -in%ere mot#*
o,)i(#o* 'ideam#r et id re* 'era re-#tet.
nam(#e hoc in prompt# mani-e*t#m(#e e**e 'idem#*&
pondera& (#ant#m in e*t& non po**e o,)i(#a meare&
ex *#pero c#m praecipitant& (#od cernere po**i*/
*ed nihi) omnino re%ione 'iai
dec)inare (#i* e*t (#i po**it cernere *e*e9
!eni(#e *i *emper mot# conectit#r omni*
29
et 'etere exorit#r no'#* ordine certo
nec dec)inando -aci#nt primordia mot#*
principi#m (#oddam& (#od -ati -oedera r#mpat&
ex in-inito ne ca#*am ca#*a *e(#at#r&
)i,era per terra* #nde haec animanti,#* ex*tat&
#nde e*t haec& in(#am& -ati* a'o)*a 'o)#nta*&
per (#am pro%redim#r (#o d#cit (#em(#e 'o)#pta*&
dec)inam#* item mot#* nec tempore certo
nec re%ione )oci certa& *ed #,i ip*a t#)it men*9
nam d#,io proc#) hi* re,#* *#a c#i(#e 'o)#nta*
principi#m dat et hinc mot#* per mem,ra ri%ant#r.
nonne 'ide* etiam pate-acti* tempore p#ncto
carceri,#* non po**e tamen pror#mpere e(#or#m
'im c#pidam tam de *#,ito (#am men* a'et ip*a9
omni* enim tot#m per corp#* materiai
copia conciri de,et& concita per art#*
omni* #t *t#di#m menti* conixa *e(#at#r/
#t 'idea* init#m mot#* a corde creari
ex animi(#e 'o)#ntate id procedere prim#m&
inde dari porro per tot#m corp#* et art#*.
nec *imi)e*t #t c#m inp#)*i procedim#* ict#
'iri,#* a)teri#* ma%ni* ma%no(#e coact#/
nam t#m materiem toti#* corpori* omnem
per*pic##m*t no,i* in'iti* ire rapi(#e&
donec eam re-rena'it per mem,ra 'o)#nta*.
iamne 'ide* i%it#r& (#am(#am 'i* extera m#)to*
pe))at et in'ito* co%at procedere *aepe
praecipite*(#e rapi& tamen e**e in pectore no*tro
(#iddam (#od contra p#%nare o,*tare(#e po**it9
c#i#* ad ar,itri#m (#o(#e copia materiai
co%it#r inter d#m -)ecti per mem,ra per art#*
et proiecta re-renat#r retro(#e re*idit.
(#are in *emini,#* (#o(#e idem -ateare nece**e*t&
e**e a)iam praeter p)a%a* et pondera ca#*am
moti,#*& #nde haec e*t no,i* innata pote*ta*&
de nihi)o (#oniam -ieri nihi) po**e 'idem#*.
pond#* enim prohi,et ne p)a%i* omnia -iant
externa (#a*i 'i/ *ed ne re* ip*a nece**#m
inte*tin#m ha,eat c#ncti* in re,#* a%endi*
et de'icta (#a*i co%at#r -erre pati(#e&
id -acit exi%##m c)inamen principior#m
nec re%ione )oci certa nec tempore certo.
$ec *tipata ma%i* -#it #m(#am materiai
copia nec porro maiori,#* inter'a))i*/
nam ne(#e ada#%e*cit (#ic(#am ne(#e deperit inde.
(#a propter (#o n#nc in mot# principior#m
corpora *#nt& in eodem ante acta aetate -#ere
et po*t haec *emper *imi)i ratione -erent#r&
et (#ae con*#erint %i%ni %i%nent#r eadem
condicione et er#nt et cre*cent 'i(#e 'a)e,#nt&
(#ant#m c#i(#e dat#m e*t per -oedera nat#rai.
00
nec rer#m *#mmam comm#tare #))a pote*t 'i*/
nam ne(#e (#o po**it %en#* #))#m materiai
e--#%ere ex omni (#ic(#am e*t & ne(#e in omne
#nde coorta (#eat no'a 'i* inr#mpere et omnem
nat#ram rer#m m#tare et 'ertere mot#*.
2))#d in hi* re,#* non e*t mira,i)e& (#are&
omnia c#m rer#m primordia *int in mot#&
*#mma tamen *#mma 'ideat#r *tare (#iete&
praeter (#am *i(#id proprio dat corpore mot#*.
omni* enim )on%e no*tri* a, *en*i,#* in-ra
primor#m nat#ra iacet/ (#a propter& #,i ip*a
cernere iam ne(#ea*& mot#* (#o(#e *#rpere de,ent/
prae*ertim c#m& (#ae po**im#* cernere& ce)ent
*aepe tamen mot#* *patio did#cta )ocor#m.
nam *aepe in co))i tondente* pa,#)a )aeta
)ani%erae reptant pec#de*& (#o (#am(#e 'ocante*
in'itant her,ae %emmante* rore recenti&
et *atiati a%ni )#d#nt ,)ande(#e cor#*cant/
omnia (#ae no,i* )on%e con-#*a 'ident#r
et 'e)#t in 'iridi candor con*i*tere co))i.
praeterea ma%nae )e%ione* c#m )oca c#r*#
campor#m comp)ent ,e))i *im#)acra ciente*&
-#)%or #,i ad cae)#m *e to))it tota(#e circ#m
aere renide*cit te))#* *#pter(#e 'ir#m 'i
excit#r pedi,#* *onit#* c)amore(#e monte*
icti reiectant 'oce* ad *idera m#ndi
et circ#m 'o)itant e(#ite* medio*(#e repente
tramitt#nt 'a)ido (#atiente* impete campo*/
et tamen e*t (#idam )oc#* a)ti* monti,#*&
*tare 'ident#r et in campi* con*i*tere -#)%or.
$#nc a%e& iam deincep* c#nctar#m exordia rer#m
(#a)ia *int et (#am )on%e di*tantia -ormi*&
percipe& m#)ti%eni* (#am *int 'ariata -i%#ri*/
non (#o m#)ta par#m *imi)i *int praedita -orma&
*ed (#ia non 'o)%o paria omni,#* omnia con*tant.
nec mir#m/ nam c#m *it eor#m copia tanta&
#t ne(#e -ini*& #ti doc#i& ne(#e *#mma *it #))a&
de,ent ni mir#m non omni,#* omnia pror*#m
e**e pari -i)o *imi)i(#e ad-ecta -i%#ra.
7raeterea %en#* h#man#m m#tae(#e natante*
*(#ami%er#m pec#de* et )aeta armenta -erae(#e
et 'ariae 'o)#cre*& )aetantia (#ae )oca a(#ar#m
conce)e,rant circ#m ripa* -onti*(#e )ac#*(#e&
et (#ae per'o)%ant nemora a'ia per'o)itante*&
(#or#m #n#m (#id'i* %eneratim *#mere per%e/
in'enie* tamen inter *e di--erre -i%#ri*.
nec ratione a)ia pro)e* co%no*cere matrem
nec mater po**et pro)em/ (#od po**e 'idem#*
nec min#* at(#e homine* inter *e nota c)#ere.
nam *aepe ante de#m 'it#)#* de)#,ra decora
t#ricrema* propter mactat#* concidit ara*
01
*an%#ini* expiran* ca)id#m de pectore -)#men/
at mater 'iridi* *a)t#* or,ata pera%ran*
no'it h#mi pedi,#* 'e*ti%ia pre**a ,i*#)ci*&
omnia con'i*en* oc#)i* )oca& *i (#eat #*(#am
con*picere ami**#m -et#m& comp)et(#e (#ere))i*
-rondi-er#m nem#* ad*i*ten* et cre,ra re'i*it
ad *ta,#)#m de*iderio per-ixa i#'enci&
nec tenerae *a)ice* at(#e her,ae rore 'i%ente*
-)#mina(#e #))a (#e#nt *#mmi* )a,entia ripi*
o,)ectare anim#m *#,itam(#e a'ertere c#ram&
nec 'it#)or#m a)iae *pecie* per pa,#)a )aeta
deri'are (#e#nt anim#m c#ra(#e )e'are/
#*(#e adeo (#iddam propri#m not#m(#e re(#irit.
praeterea teneri trem#)i* c#m 'oci,#* haedi
corni%era* nor#nt matre* a%ni(#e pet#)ci
,a)ant#m pec#de*/ ita& (#od nat#ra re*po*cit&
ad *#a (#i*(#e -ere dec#rr#nt #,era )acti*.
7o*tremo (#od'i* -r#ment#m non tamen omne
(#id(#e *#o %enere inter *e *imi)e e**e 'ide,i*&
(#in interc#rrat (#aedam di*tantia -ormi*.
conchar#m(#e %en#* pari)i ratione 'idem#*
pin%ere te))#ri* %remi#m& (#a mo))i,#* #ndi*
)itori* inc#r'i ,i,#)am pa'it ae(#or harenam.
(#are etiam at(#e etiam *imi)i ratione nece**e*t&
nat#ra (#oniam con*tant ne(#e -acta man# *#nt
#ni#* ad certam -ormam primordia rer#m&
di**imi)i inter *e (#aedam 'o)itare -i%#ra.
7er-aci)e e*t animi ratione ex*o)'ere no,i*
(#are -#)mine#* m#)to penetra)ior i%ni*
(#am no*ter -)#at e taedi* terre*tri,#* ort#*/
dicere enim po**i* cae)e*tem -#)mini* i%nem
*#,ti)em ma%i* e par'i* con*tare -i%#ri*
at(#e ideo tran*ire -oramina (#ae ne(#it i%ni*
no*ter hic e )i%ni* ort#* taeda(#e creat#*.
praeterea )#men per corn#m tran*it& at im,er
re*p#it#r. (#are& ni*i )#mini* i))a minora
corpora *#nt (#am de (#i,#* e*t )i(#or a)m#* a(#ar#m9
et (#am'i* *#,ito per co)#m 'ina 'idem#*
per-)#ere& at contra tard#m c#nctat#r o)i'om&
a#t (#ia ni mir#m maiori,#* e*t e)ementi*
a#t ma%i* hamati* inter *e per(#e p)icati*&
at(#e ideo -it #ti non tam did#cta repente
inter *e po**int primordia *in%#)a (#ae(#e
*in%#)a per c#i#*(#e -oramina permanare.
H#c accedit #ti me))i* )acti*(#e )i(#ore*
i#c#ndo *en*# )in%#ae tractent#r in ore/
at contra taetra a,*inthi nat#ra -eri(#e
centa#ri -oedo pertor(#ent ora *apore/
#t -aci)e a%no*ca* e )e'i,#* at(#e r#t#ndi*
e**e ea (#ae *en*#* i#c#nde tan%ere po**#nt&
at contra (#ae amara at(#e a*pera c#m(#e 'ident#r&
02
haec ma%i* hamati* inter *e nexa teneri
propterea(#e *o)ere 'ia* re*cindere no*tri*
*en*i,#* introit#(#e *#o perr#mpere corp#*.
omnia po*tremo ,ona *en*i,#* et ma)a tact#
di**imi)i inter *e p#%nant per-ecta -i%#ra/
ne t# -orte p#te* *errae *tridenti* acer,#m
horrorem con*tare e)ementi* )e'i,#* ae(#e
ac m#*aea me)e& per chorda* or%anici (#ae
mo,i)i,#* di%iti* exper%e-acta -i%#rant/
ne# *imi)i penetrare p#te* primordia -orma
in nare* homin#m& c#m taetra cada'era torrent&
et c#m *cena croco <i)ici per-#*a recen* e*t
ara(#e 7anchaeo* exha)at propter odore*/
ne'e ,ono* rer#m *imi)i con*tare co)ore*
*emine con*tit#a*& oc#)o* (#i pa*cere po**#nt&
et (#i conp#n%#nt aciem )acrimare(#e co%#nt
a#t -oeda *pecie -oedi t#rpe*(#e 'ident#r.
omni* enim& *en*#* (#ae m#)cet c#m(#e&
ha#t *ine principia)i a)i(#o )e'ore creata*t/
at contra (#ae c#m(#e mo)e*ta at(#e a*pera con*tat&
non a)i(#o *ine materiae *(#a)ore reperta*t.
;#nt etiam (#ae iam nec )e'ia i#re p#tant#r
e**e ne(#e omnino -)exi* m#croni,#* #nca&
*ed ma%i* an%e))i* pa#)#m pro*tanti,#*&
titi))are ma%i* *en*#* (#am )aedere po**int&
-ec#)a iam (#o de %enere e*t in#)ae(#e *apore*.
!eni(#e iam ca)ido* i%ni* %e)idam(#e pr#inam
di**imi)i dentata modo conp#n%ere *en*#*
corpori*& indicio no,i* e*t tact#* #ter(#e.
tact#* enim& tact#*& pro di'#m n#mina *ancta&
corpori* e*t *en*#*& 'e) c#m re* extera *e*e
in*in#at& 'e) c#m )aedit (#ae in corpore nata*t
a#t i#'at e%redien* %enita)i* per +eneri* re*&
a#t ex o--en*# c#m t#r,ant corpore in ip*o&
*emina con-#nd#nt inter *e concita *en*#m/
#t *i -orte man# (#am'i* iam corpori* ip*e
t#te ti,i partem -eria* at(#e experiare.
(#a propter )on%e -orma* di*tare nece**e*t
principii*& 'ario* (#ae po**int edere *en*#*.
!eni(#e (#ae no,i* d#rata ac *pi**a 'ident#r&
haec ma%i* hamati* inter *e*e e**e nece**e*t
et (#a*i ramo*i* a)te compacta teneri.
in (#o iam %enere in primi* adamantina *axa
prima acie con*tant ict#* contemnere *#eta
et 'a)idi *i)ice* ac d#ri ro,ora -erri
aera(#e (#ae c)a#*tri* re*tantia 'oci-erant#r.
i))a (#idem de,ent e )e'i,#* at(#e r#t#ndi*
e**e ma%i*& -)#'ido (#ae corpore )i(#ida con*tant.
nam(#e papa'eri* ha#*t#* item*t -aci)i* (#od a(#ar#m/
nec retinent#r enim inter *e %)omeramina (#ae(#e
et perc#)*#* item proc)i'e 'o)#,i)i* ex*tat.
00
omnia po*tremo (#ae p#ncto tempore cerni*
di--#%ere #t -#m#m ne,#)a* -)amma*(#e& nece**e*t&
*i min#* omnia *#nt e )e'i,#* at(#e rot#ndi*&
at non e**e tamen perp)exi* ind#pedita&
p#n%ere #ti po**int corp#* penetrare(#e *axa&
nec tamen haerere inter *e/ (#od c#m(#e 'idem#*
*en*i,#* dentat#m& -aci)e #t co%no*cere po**i*
non e perp)exi*& *ed ac#ti* e**e e)ementi*.
*ed (#od amara 'ide* eadem (#ae -)#'ida con*tant&
*#dor #ti mari* e*t& minime mira,i)e de,et
A A A
nam (#od -)#'id#* e*t& e )e'i,#* at(#e rot#ndi*
e*t& *ed )e'i,#* admixta do)ori*
corpora. nec tamen haec retineri hamata nece**#*t:
*ci)icet e**e %)o,o*a tamen& c#m *(#a)ida con*tent&
pro'o)'i *im#) #t po**int et )aedere *en*#*.
et (#o mixta p#te* ma%i* a*pera )e'i,#* e**e
principii*& #nde e*t $ept#ni corp#* acer,#m&
e*t ratio *ecernendi *eor*#m(#e 'idendi&
#mor d#)ci* #,i per terra* cre,ri#* idem
perco)at#r& #t in -o'eam -)#at ac man*#e*cat/
)in(#it enim *#pera taetri primordia 'iri&
a*pera (#o ma%i* in terri* haere*cere po**int.
6#od (#oniam doc#i& per%am conectere rem (#ae
ex hoc apta -idem d#cat& primordia rer#m
-inita 'ariare -i%#rar#m ratione.
(#od *i non ita *it& r#r*#m iam *emina (#aedam
e**e in-inito de,e,#nt corpori* a#ct#.
nam(#e in eadem #na c#i#*'i* iam ,re'itate
corpori* inter *e m#)t#m 'ariare -i%#rae
non po**#nt. -ac enim minimi* e parti,#* e**e
corpora prima tri,#*& 'e) pa#)o p)#ri,#* a#%e/
nempe #,i ea* parti* #ni#* corpori* omni*&
*#mma at(#e ima )ocan*& tran*m#tan* dextera )ae'i*&
omnimodi* expert#* eri*& (#am (#i*(#e det ordo
-ormai *peciem toti#* corpori* ei#*&
(#od *#per e*t& *i -orte 'o)e* 'ariare -i%#ra*&
addend#m parti* a)ia* erit. inde *e(#et#r&
ad*imi)i ratione a)ia* #t po*t#)et ordo&
*i t# -orte 'o)e* etiam 'ariare -i%#ra*.
er%o -ormar#m no'itatem corpori* a#%men
*#,*e(#it#r. (#are non e*t #t credere po**i*
e**e in-initi* di*tantia *emina -ormi*&
ne (#aedam co%a* inmani maximitate
e**e& *#pra (#od iam doc#i non po**e pro,ari.
iam ti,i ,ar,aricae 'e*te* Me)i,oea(#e -#)%en*
p#rp#ra The**a)ico conchar#m tacta co)ore&
a#rea pa'on#m ridenti im,#ta )epore
*aec)a no'o rer#m *#perata co)ore iacerent
et contempt#* odor *myrnae me))i*(#e *apore*&
et cycnea me)e 7hoe,ea(#e daeda)a chordi*
0
carmina con*imi)i ratione oppre**a *i)erent/
nam(#e a)ii* a)i#d prae*tanti#* exoreret#r.
cedere item retro po**ent in deteriore*
omnia *ic parti*& #t dixim#* in me)iori*/
nam(#e a)ii* a)i#d retro (#o(#e taetri#* e**et
nari,#* a#ri,#* at(#e oc#)i* ori*(#e *apori.
(#ae (#oniam non *#nt& re,#* reddita certa
-ini* #trim(#e tenet *#mmam& -ateare nece**e*t
materiem (#o(#e -initi* di--ere -i%#ri*.
deni(#e a, i%ni,#* ad %e)ida* hiem#m #*(#e pr#ina*
-init#m*t retro(#e pari ratione remen*#m*t.
omni* enim ca)or ac -ri%#* medii(#e tepore*
inter#tra*(#e iacent exp)ente* ordine *#mmam.
er%o -inita di*tant ratione creata&
ancipiti (#oniam m#croni #trim(#e notant#r&
hinc -)ammi* i))inc ri%idi* in-e*ta pr#ini*.
6#od (#oniam doc#i& per%am conectere rem (#ae
ex hoc apta -idem d#cat& primordia rer#m&
inter *e *imi)i (#ae *#nt per-ecta -i%#ra&
in-inita c)#ere. etenim di*tantia c#m *it
-ormar#m -inita& nece**e e*t (#ae *imi)e* *int
e**e in-inita* a#t *#mmam materiai
-initam con*tare& id (#od non e**e pro,a'i.
A A A
'er*i,#* o*tendam corp#*c#)a materiai
ex in-inito *#mmam rer#m #*(#e tenere
#ndi(#e prote)o p)a%ar#m contin#ato.
nam (#od rara 'ide* ma%i* e**e anima)ia (#aedam
-ec#ndam(#e ma%i* nat#ram cerni* in i))i*&
at re%ione )oco(#e a)io terri*(#e remoti*
m#)ta )icet %enere e**e in eo n#mer#m(#e rep)eri/
*ic#t (#adriped#m c#m primi* e**e 'idem#*
in %enere an%#iman#* e)ephanto*& 2ndia (#or#m
mi)i,#* e m#)ti* 'a))o m#nit#r e,#rno&
#t penit#* ne(#eat penetrari: tanta -erar#m
'i* e*t& (#ar#m no* perpa#ca exemp)a 'idem#*.
*ed tamen id (#o(#e #ti concedam& (#am )#,et e*to
#nica re* (#aedem nati'o corpore *o)a&
c#i *imi)i* toto terrar#m non *it& in or,i/
in-inita tamen ni*i erit 'i* materiai&
#nde ea pro%i%ni po**it concepta& creari
non poterit ne(#e& (#od *#per e*t& procre*cere a)i(#e.
(#ippe etenim *#mant a)ii -inita per omne
corpora iactari #ni#* %enita)ia rei&
#nde #,i (#a 'i et (#o pacto con%re**a coi,#nt
materiae tanto in pe)a%o t#r,a(#e a)iena9
non& #t opinor& ha,ent rationem conci)iandi:
*ed (#a*i na#-ra%ii* ma%ni* m#)ti*(#e coorti*
di*iactare *o)et ma%n#m mare tran*tra ca'erna*
antemna* prorem ma)o* ton*a*(#e natanti*&
per terrar#m omni* ora* -)#itantia ap)#*tra
08
#t 'ideant#r et indici#m morta)i,#* edant&
in-idi mari* in*idia* 'iri*(#e do)#m(#e
#t 'itare 'e)int& ne'e #))o tempore credant&
*#,do)a c#m ridet p)acidi pe))acia ponti&
*ic ti,i *i -inita *eme) primordia (#aedam
con*tit#e*& ae'om de,e,#nt *par*a per omnem
di*iectare ae*t#* di'er*i materiai&
n#m(#am in conci)i#m #t po**int comp#)*a coire
nec remorari in conci)io nec cre*cere ada#cta/
(#or#m #tr#m(#e pa)am -ieri mani-e*ta docet re*&
et re* pro%i%ni et %enita* procre*cere po**e.
e**e i%it#r %enere in (#o'i* primordia rer#m
in-inita pa)am e*t& #nde omnia *#ppeditant#r.
$ec *#perare (#e#nt mot#* ita(#e exitia)e*
perpet#o ne(#e in aetern#m *epe)ire *a)#tem&
nec porro rer#m %enita)e* a#cti-ici(#e
mot#* perpet#o po**#nt *er'are creata.
*ic ae(#o %erit#r certamine principior#m
ex in-inito contract#m tempore ,e))#m.
n#nc hic n#nc i))ic *#perant 'ita)ia rer#m
et *#perant#r item. mi*cet#r -#nere 'a%or&
(#em p#eri to))#nt 'i*enti* )#mini* ora*/
nec nox #))a diem ne(#e noctem a#rora *ec#ta*t&
(#ae non a#dierit mixto* 'a%iti,#* ae%ri*
p)orat#*& morti* comite* et -#neri* atri.
2))#d in hi* o,*i%nat#m (#o(#e re,#* ha,ere
con'enit et memori mandat#m mente tenere&
ni) e**e& in prompt# (#or#m nat#ra 'idet#r&
(#od %enere ex #no con*i*tat principior#m&
nec (#ic(#am (#od non permixto *emine con*tet.
et (#od c#m(#e ma%i* 'i* m#)ta* po**idet in *e
at(#e pote*tate*& ita p)#rima principior#m
in *e*e %enera ac 'aria* docet e**e -i%#ra*.
7rincipio te))#* ha,et in *e corpora prima&
#nde mare inmen*#m 'o)'ente* -ri%ora -onte*
ad*id#e reno'ent& ha,et i%ne* #nde oriant#r/
nam m#)ti* *#ccen*a )oci* ardent *o)a terrae&
ex imi* 'ero -#rit i%ni,#* impet#* Aetnae.
t#m porro nitida* -r#%e* ar,#*ta(#e )aeta
%enti,#* h#mani* ha,et #nde exto))ere po**it&
#nde etiam -)#'io* -ronde* et pa,#)a )aeta
monti'a%o %eneri po**it prae,ere -erar#m.
(#are ma%na de#m mater mater(#e -erar#m
et no*tri %enetrix haec dicta e*t corpori* #na.
Hanc 'etere* 1rai#m docti cecinere po.tae
*edi,#* in c#rr# ,ii#%o* a%itare )eone*&
a.ri* in *patio ma%nam pendere docente*
te))#rem ne(#e po**e in terra *i*tere terram.
adi#nxere -era*& (#ia (#am'i* e--era pro)e*
o--icii* de,et mo))iri 'icta parent#m.
m#ra)i(#e cap#t *#mm#m cinxere corona&
06
eximii* m#nita )oci* (#ia *#*tinet #r,e*.
(#o n#nc in*i%ni per ma%na* praedita terra*
horri-ice -ert#r di'inae matri* ima%o.
hanc 'ariae %ente* anti(#o more *acror#m
2daeam 'ocitant matrem 7hry%ia*(#e cater'a*
dant comite*& (#ia prim#m ex i))i* -ini,#* ed#nt
per terrar#m or,e* -r#%e* coepi**e creari.
1a))o* attri,##nt& (#ia& n#men (#i 'io)arint
Matri* et in%rati %enitori,#* in'enti *int&
*i%ni-icare 'o)#nt indi%no* e**e p#tando*&
'i'am pro%eniem (#i in ora* )#mini* edant.
tympana tenta tonant pa)mi* et cym,a)a circ#m
conca'a& ra#ci*ono(#e minant#r corn#a cant#&
et 7hry%io *tim#)at n#mero ca'a ti,ia menti*&
te)a(#e praeportant& 'io)enti *i%na -#rori*&
in%rato* animo* at(#e impia pectora 'o)%i
conterrere met# (#ae po**int n#mine di'ae.
er%o c#m prim#m ma%na* in'ecta per #r,i*
m#ni-icat tacita morta)i* m#ta *a)#te&
aere at(#e ar%ento *tern#nt iter omne 'iar#m
)ar%i-ica *tipe ditante* nin%#nt(#e ro*ar#m
-)ori,#* #m,rante* matrem comit#m(#e cater'am.
hic armata man#*& <#reta* nomine 1rai
(#o* memorant& 7hry%ia* inter *i -orte cater'a*
)#d#nt in n#mer#m(#e ex#)tant *an%#ine )aeti
terri-ica* capit#m (#atiente* n#mine cri*ta*&
!ictaeo* re-er#nt <#reta*& (#i 2o'i* i))#m
'a%it#m in <reta (#ondam occ#)ta**e -er#nt#r&
c#m p#eri circ#m p#er#m pernice chorea
=armat et in n#mer#m pernice chorea>
armati in n#mer#m p#)*arent aeri,#* aera&
ne ;at#rn#* e#m ma)i* mandaret adept#*
aetern#m(#e daret matri *#, pectore 'o)n#*.
propterea ma%nam armati matrem comitant#r&
a#t (#ia *i%ni-icant di'am praedicere #t armi*
ac 'irt#te 'e)int patriam de-endere terram
prae*idio(#e parent decori(#e parenti,#* e**e.
(#ae ,ene et eximie (#am'i* di*po*ta -erant#r&
)on%e *#nt tamen a 'era ratione rep#)*a.
omni* enim per *e di'om nat#ra nece**e*t
inmorta)i ae'o *#mma c#m pace -r#at#r
*emota a, no*tri* re,#* *ei#ncta(#e )on%e/
nam pri'ata do)ore omni& pri'ata peric)i*&
ip*a *#i* po))en* opi,#*& nihi) indi%a no*tri&
nec ,ene promeriti* capit#r ne(#e tan%it#r ira.
terra (#idem 'ero caret omni tempore *en*#&
et (#ia m#)tar#m potit#r primordia rer#m&
m#)ta modi* m#)ti* e--ert in )#mina *o)i*.
hic *i(#i* mare $ept#n#m <ererem(#e 'ocare
con*tit#et -r#%e* et Cacchi nomine a,#ti
ma'o)t (#am )atici* propri#m pro-erre 'ocamen&
0:
concedam#* #t hic terrar#m dictitet or,em
e**e de#m matrem& d#m 'era re tamen ip*e
re)i%ione anim#m t#rpi contin%ere parcat.
;aepe ita(#e ex #no tondente* %ramina campo
)ani%erae pec#de* et e(#or#m d#e))ica pro)e*
,#ceriae(#e %re%e* eodem *#, te%mine cae)i
ex #no(#e *itim *edante* -)#mine a(#ai
di**imi)i 'i'ont *pecie retinent(#e parent#m
nat#ram et more* %eneratim (#ae(#e imitant#r.
tanta e*t in (#o'i* %enere her,ae materiai
di**imi)i* ratio& tanta e*t in -)#mine (#o(#e.
Hinc porro (#am'i* animantem ex omni,#* #nam
o**a cr#or 'enae ca)or #mor 'i*cera ner'i
con*tit##nt& (#ae *#nt porro di*tantia )on%e&
di**imi)i per-ecta -i%#ra principior#m.
T#m porro (#ae c#m(#e i%ni -)ammata cremant#r.
*i ni) praeterea& tamen haec in corpore trad#nt&
#nde i%nem iacere et )#men *#,mittere po**int
*cinti))a*(#e a%ere ac )ate di--erre -a'i))am.
cetera con*imi)i menti* ratione pera%ran*
in'enie* i%it#r m#)tar#m *emina rer#m
corpore ce)are et 'aria* cohi,ere -i%#ra*.
!eni(#e m#)ta 'ide*& (#i,#* et co)or et *apor #na
reddita *#nt c#m odore in primi* p)era(#e poma.
haec i%it#r 'arii* de,ent con*tare -i%#ri*/
nidor enim penetrat (#a -#c#* non it in art#*&
-#c#* item *or*#m& *apor in*in#at#r
*en*i,#*/ #t no*ca* primi* di--erre -i%#ri*.
di**imi)e* i%it#r -ormae %)omeramen in #n#m
con'eni#nt et re* permixto *emine con*tant.
6#in etiam pa**im no*tri* in 'er*i,#* ip*i*
m#)ta e)ementa 'ide* m#)ti* comm#nia 'er,i*&
c#m tamen inter *e 'er*#* ac 'er,a nece**e e*t
con-iteare a)ia ex a)ii* con*tare e)ementi*/
non (#o m#)ta par#m comm#ni* )ittera c#rrat
a#t n#))a inter *e d#o *int ex omni,#* i*dem&
*ic a)ii* in re,#* item comm#nia m#)ta
m#)tar#m rer#m c#m *int& primordia rer#m
di**imi)i tamen inter *e con*i*tere *#mma
po**#nt/ #t merito ex a)ii* con*tare -erat#r
h#man#m %en#* et -r#%e* ar,#*ta(#e )aeta.
$ec tamen omnimodi* conecti po**e p#tand#m e*t
omnia/ nam 'o)%o -ieri portenta 'idere*&
*emi-era* homin#m *pecie* exi*tere et a)to*
inter d#m ramo* e%i%ni corpore 'i'o
m#)ta(#e conecti terre*tria mem,ra marini*&
t#m -)ammam taetro *piranti* ore <himaera*
pa*cere nat#ram per terra* omniparenti*.
(#or#m ni) -ieri mani-e*t#m e*t& omnia (#ando
*emini,#* certi* certa %enetrice creata
08
con*er'are %en#* cre*centia po**e 'idem#*.
*ci)icet id certa -ieri ratione nece**#*t.
nam *#a c#i(#e ci,i* ex omni,#* int#* in art#*
corpora di*ced#nt conexa(#e con'enienti*
e--ici#nt mot#*/ at contra a)iena 'idem#*
reicere in terra* nat#ram& m#)ta(#e caeci*
corpori,#* -#%i#nt e corpore percita p)a%i*&
(#ae ne(#e conecti (#o(#am pot#ere ne(#e int#*
'ita)i* mot#* con*entire at(#e imitari.
*ed ne -orte p#te* anima)ia *o)a teneri
)e%i,#* hi*& (#aedam ratio re* terminat omni*
nam 'e) #ti tota nat#ra di**imi)e* *#nt
inter *e %enitae re* (#ae(#e& ita (#am(#e nece**e*t
di**imi)i con*tare -i%#ra principior#m/
non (#o m#)ta par#m *imi)i *int praedita -orma&
*emina c#m porro di*tent& di--erre nece**#*t
inter'a))a 'ia* conex#* pondera p)a%a*
conc#r*#* mot#*/ (#ae non anima)ia *o)#m
corpora *ei#n%#nt& *ed terra* ac mare tot#m
*ecern#nt cae)#m(#e a terri* omne retentant.
$#nc a%e dicta meo d#)ci (#ae*ita )a,ore
percipe& ne -orte haec a),i* ex a),a reari*
principii* e**e& ante oc#)o* (#ae candida cerni*&
a#t ea (#ae ni%rant ni%ro de *emine nata/
ni'e a)i#m (#em'i* (#ae *#nt in,#ta co)orem&
propterea %erere h#nc creda*& (#od materiai
corpora con*imi)i *int ei#* tincta co)ore/
n#))#* enim co)or e*t omnino materiai
corpori,#*& ne(#e par re,#* ne(#e deni(#e di*par.
in (#ae corpora *i n#))#* ti,i -orte 'idet#r
po**e animi iniect#* -ieri& proc#) a'i#* erra*.
nam c#m caeci%eni& *o)i* (#i )#mina n#m(#am
di*pexere& tamen co%no*cant corpora tact#
ex ine#nte ae'o n#))o coni#ncta co)ore&
*cire )icet no*trae (#o(#e menti corpora po**e
'orti in notitiam n#))o circ#m )ita -#co.
deni(#e no* ip*i caeci* (#aec#m(#e tene,ri*
tan%im#*& ha#d #))o *entim#* tincta co)ore.
6#od (#oniam 'inco -ieri& n#nc e**e doce,o.
omni* enim co)or omnino m#tat#r in omni*/
(#od -acere ha#d #))o de,ent primordia pacto/
imm#ta,i)e enim (#iddam *#perare nece**e*t&
ne re* ad nihi)#m redi%ant#r -#ndit#* omne*/
proinde co)ore ca'e contin%a* *emina rer#m&
ne ti,i re* redeant ad nihi)#m -#ndit#* omne*.
7raeterea *i n#))a co)ori* principii* e*t
reddita nat#ra et 'arii* *#nt praedita -ormi*&
e (#i,#* omni%en#* %i%n#nt 'ariant(#e co)ore*&
09
propterea ma%ni (#od re-ert& *emina (#ae(#e
per-aci)e extemp)o rationem reddere po**i*&
c#r ea (#ae ni%ro -#erint pa#)o ante co)ore&
marmoreo -ieri po**int candore repente&
#t mare& c#m ma%ni commor#nt ae(#ora 'enti&
'ertit#r in cano* candenti marmore -)#ct#*/
dicere enim po**i*& ni%r#m (#od *aepe 'idem#*&
materie* #,i permixta e*t i))i#* et ordo
principii* m#tat#* et addita dempta(#e (#aedam&
contin#o id -ieri #t canden* 'ideat#r et a),#m.
(#od *i caer#)ei* con*tarent ae(#ora ponti
*emini,#*& n#))o po**ent a),e*cere pacto/
nam (#o c#m(#e modo pert#r,e* caer#)a (#ae *int&
n#m(#am in marmore#m po**#nt mi%rare co)orem.
*in a)io at(#e a)io *#nt *emina tincta co)ore&
(#ae mari* e--ici#nt #n#m p#r#m(#e nitorem&
#t *aepe ex a)ii* -ormi* 'arii*(#e -i%#ri*
e--icit#r (#iddam (#adrat#m #na(#e -i%#ra&
con'enie,at& #t in (#adrato cernim#* e**e
di**imi)e* -orma*& ita cernere in ae(#ore ponti
a#t a)io in (#o'i* #no p#ro(#e nitore
di**imi)e* )on%e inter *e 'ario*(#e co)ore*.
praeterea nihi) o--ici#nt o,*tant(#e -i%#rae
di**imi)e*& (#o (#adrat#m min#* omne *it extra/
at 'arii rer#m inpedi#nt prohi,ent(#e co)ore*&
(#o min#* e**e #no po**it re* tota nitore.
T#m porro (#ae d#cit et in)icit #t tri,#am#*
principii* rer#m non n#m(#am ca#*a co)ore*&
occidit& ex a),i* (#oniam non a),a creant#r&
nec (#ae ni%ra c)#ent de ni%ri*& *ed 'arii* ex.
(#ippe etenim m#)to proc)i'i#* exorient#r
candida de n#))o (#am ni%ro nata co)ore
a#t a)io (#o'i*& (#i contra p#%net et o,*tet.
7raeterea (#oniam ne(#e#nt *ine )#ce co)ore*
e**e ne(#e in )#cem exi*t#nt primordia rer#m&
*cire )icet (#am *int n#))o 'e)ata co)ore/
(#a)i* enim caeci* poterit co)or e**e tene,ri*9
)#mine (#in ip*o m#tat#r propterea (#od
recta a#t o,)i(#a perc#**#* )#ce re-#)%et/
p)#ma co)#m,ar#m (#o pacto in *o)e 'idet#r&
(#ae *ita cer'ice* circ#m co))#m(#e coronat/
nam(#e a)ia* -it #ti c)aro *it r#,ra pyropo&
inter d#m (#odam *en*# -it #ti 'ideat#r
inter caer#)e#m 'iridi* mi*cere Bmara%do*.
ca#da(#e pa'oni*& )ar%a c#m )#ce rep)eta e*t&
con*imi)i m#tat ratione o,'er*a co)ore*/
(#i (#oniam (#odam %i%n#nt#r )#mini* ict#&
*cire )icet& *ine eo -ieri non po**e p#tand#m e*t.
5t (#oniam p)a%ae (#oddam %en#* excipit in *e
0
p#p#)a& c#m *entire co)orem dicit#r a),#m&
at(#e a)i#d porro& ni%r#m c#m et cetera *entit&
nec re-ert ea (#ae tan%a* (#o -orte co)ore
praedita *int& 'er#m (#a)i ma%i* apta -i%#ra&
*cire )icet nihi) principii* op#* e**e co)ore&
*ed 'arii* -ormi* 'ariante* edere tact#*.
7raeterea (#oniam non certi* certa -i%#ri*
e*t nat#ra co)ori* et omnia principior#m
-ormamenta (#e#nt in (#o'i* e**e nitore&
c#r ea (#ae con*tant ex i))i* non pariter *#nt
omni%en#* per-#*a co)ori,#* in %enere omni9
con'enie,at enim cor'o* (#o(#e *aepe 'o)anti*
ex a),i* a),#m pinni* iactare co)orem
et ni%ro* -ieri ni%ro de *emine cycno*
a#t a)io (#o'i* #no 'ario(#e co)ore.
6#in etiam (#anto in parte* re* (#ae(#e min#ta*
di*trahit#r ma%i*& hoc ma%i* e*t #t cernere po**i*
e'ane*cere pa#)atim *tin%#i(#e co)orem/
#t -it #,i in par'a* parti* di*cerpit#r a#*tr#m:
p#rp#ra poenice#*(#e co)or c)ari**im#* m#)to&
-i)atim c#m di*tract#m e*t& di*perdit#r omni*/
no*cere #t hinc po**i* pri#* omnem e--)are co)orem
partic#)a*& (#am di*cedant ad *emina rer#m.
7o*tremo (#oniam non omnia corpora 'ocem
mittere concedi* ne(#e odorem& propterea -it
#t non omni,#* adtri,#a* *onit#* et odore*:
*ic oc#)i* (#oniam non omnia cernere (#im#*&
*cire )icet (#aedam tam con*tare or,a co)ore
(#am *ine odore #))o (#aedam *onit#(#e remota&
nec min#* haec anim#m co%no*cere po**e *a%acem
(#am (#ae *#nt a)ii* re,#* pri'ata notare.
;ed ne -orte p#te* *o)o *po)iata co)ore
corpora prima manere& etiam *ecreta tepori*
*#nt ac -ri%ori* omnino ca)idi(#e 'apori*&
et *onit# *teri)a et *#co iei#na -er#nt#r&
nec iaci#nt #))#m propri#m de corpore odorem.
*ic#t amaracini ,)and#m *tactae(#e )i(#orem
et nardi -)orem& nectar (#i nari,#* ha)at&
c#m -acere in*tit#a*& c#m primi* (#aerere par e*t&
(#od )icet ac po**i* reperire& ino)enti* o)i'i
nat#ram& n#))am (#ae mittat nari,#* a#ram&
(#am minime #t po**it mixto* in corpore odore*
concocto*(#e *#o contractan* perdere 'iro&
propter eandem de,ent primordia rer#m
non adhi,ere *##m %i%n#ndi* re,#* odorem
nec *onit#m& (#oniam nihi) a, *e mittere po**#nt&
nec *imi)i ratione *aporem deni(#e (#em(#am
nec -ri%#* ne(#e item ca)id#m tepid#m(#e 'aporem&
cetera& (#ae c#m ita *#nt tamen #t morta)ia con*tent&
mo))i )enta& -ra%o*a p#tri& ca'a corpore raro&
omnia *int a principii* *ei#ncta nece**e*t&
1
inmorta)ia *i 'o)#m#* *#,i#n%ere re,#*
-#ndamenta& (#i,#* nitat#r *#mma *a)#ti*/
ne ti,i re* redeant ad nihi)#m -#ndit#* omne*.
$#nc ea (#ae *entire 'idem#* c#m(#e nece**e*t
ex in*en*i)i,#* tamen omnia con-iteare
principii* con*tare. ne(#e id man#-e*ta re-#tant
nec contra p#%nant& in prompt# co%nita (#ae *#nt&
*ed ma%i* ip*a man# d#c#nt et credere co%#nt
ex in*en*i)i,#*& (#od dico& anima)ia %i%ni.
(#ippe 'idere )icet 'i'o* exi*tere 'erme*
*tercore de taetro& p#torem c#m *i,i nacta e*t
intempe*ti'i* ex im,ri,#* #mida te))#*.
7raeterea c#ncta* itidem re* 'ertere *e*e.
'ert#nt *e -)#'ii in -ronde* et pa,#)a )aeta
in pec#de*& 'ert#nt pec#de* in corpora no*tra
nat#ram& et no*tro de corpore *aepe -erar#m
a#%e*c#nt 'ire* et corpora pennipotent#m.
er%o omne* nat#ra ci,o* in corpora 'i'a
'ertit et hinc *en*#* animant#m procreat omne*&
non a)ia )on%e ratione at(#e arida )i%na
exp)icat in -)amma* et i%ni* omnia 'er*at.
iamne 'ide* i%it#r ma%ni primordia rer#m
re-erre in (#a)i *int ordine (#ae(#e )ocata
et commixta (#i,#* dent mot#* accipiant(#e9
T#m porro& (#id id e*t& anim#m (#od perc#tit& ip*#m&
(#od mo'et et 'ario* *en*#* expromere co%it&
ex in*en*i)i,#* ne creda* *en*i)e %i%ni9
ni mir#m )apide* et )i%na et terra (#od #na
mixta tamen ne(#e#nt 'ita)em reddere *en*#m.
i))#d in hi* i%it#r re,#* memini**e dece,it&
non ex omni,#* omnino& (#aec#m(#e creant re*
*en*i)ia& extemp)o me %i%ni dicere *en*#*&
*ed ma%ni re-erre ea prim#m (#ant#)a con*tent&
*en*i)e (#ae -aci#nt& et (#a *int praedita -orma&
moti,#* ordini,#* po*it#ri* deni(#e (#ae *int.
(#ar#m ni) rer#m in )i%ni* %)ae,i*(#e 'idem#*/
et tamen haec& c#m *#nt (#a*i p#tre-acta per im,re*&
'ermic#)o* pari#nt& (#ia corpora materiai
anti(#i* ex ordini,#* permota no'a re
conci)iant#r ita #t de,ent anima)ia %i%ni.
!einde ex *en*i)i,#* (#i *en*i)e po**e creari
con*tit##nt& porro ex a)ii* *entire *#.ti
A A A
mo))ia c#m -aci#nt/ nam *en*#* i#n%it#r omni*
'i*ceri,#* ner'i* 'eni*& (#ae c#m(#e 'idem#*
mo))ia morta)i con*i*tere corpore creta.
*ed tamen e*to iam po**e haec aeterna manere/
nempe tamen de,ent a#t *en*#m parti* ha,ere
a#t *imi)i* toti* anima)i,#* e**e p#tari.
at ne(#eant per *e parte* *entire nece**e e*t:
nam(#e anim#* *en*#* mem,ror#m re*p#it omni*&
2
nec man#* a no,i* poti* e*t *ecreta ne(#e #))a
corpori* omnino *en*#m par* *o)a tenere.
)in(#it#r #t toti* animanti,#* ad*im#)ent#r&
'ita)i #t po**int con*entire #ndi(#e *en*#.
(#i poter#nt i%it#r rer#m primordia dici
et )eti 'itare 'ia*& anima)ia c#m *int&
at(#e anima)ia morta)i,#* #na eadem(#e9
(#od tamen #t po**int& at coet# conci)io(#e
ni) -acient praeter 'o)%#m t#r,am(#e animant#m&
*ci)icet #t ne(#eant homine* armenta -erae(#e
inter *e*e #))am rem %i%nere con'eni#ndo.
*ic itidem (#ae *entim#* *entire nece**e*t.
(#od *i -orte *##m dimitt#nt corpore *en*#m
at(#e a)i#m capi#nt& (#id op#* -#it adtri,#i id (#od
detrahit#r9 t#m praeterea& (#od -#dim#* ante&
(#atin#* in p#))o* anima)i* 'ertier o'a
cernim#* a)it##m 'ermi*(#e e--er'ere terra&
intempe*ti'o* (#am p#tor cepit o, im,ri*&
*cire )icet %i%ni po**e ex non *en*i,#* *en*#*.
6#od *i -orte a)i(#i* dicet& d#m taxat oriri
po**e ex non *en*# *en*#* m#ta,i)itate&
a#t a)i(#o tam(#am part# (#od prodit#r extra&
h#ic *ati* i))#d erit p)an#m -acere at(#e pro,are&
non -ieri part#m ni*i conci)io ante coacto&
nec (#ic(#am comm#tari *ine conci)iat#.
7rincipio ne(#e#nt #))i#* corpori* e**e
*en*#* ante ip*am %enitam nat#ram animanti*&
ni mir#m (#ia materie* di*iecta tenet#r
a.re -)#mini,#* terri* terra(#e creati*&
nec con%re**a modo 'ita)i* con'eniente*
cont#)it inter *e mot#*& (#i,#* omnit#ente*
accen*i *en*#* animantem (#am(#e t#ent#r.
7raeterea (#am'i* animantem %randior ict#*&
(#am patit#r nat#ra& repente ad-)i%it et omni*
corpori* at(#e animi per%it con-#ndere *en*#*.
di**o)##nt#r enim po*it#rae principior#m
et penit#* mot#* 'ita)e* inpedi#nt#r&
donec materie* omni* conc#**a per art#*
'ita)i* animae nodo* a corpore *o)'it
di*per*am(#e -ora* per ca#)a* eiecit omni*/
nam (#id praeterea -acere ict#m po**e ream#r
o,)at#m& ni*i di*c#tere ac di**o)'ere (#ae(#e9
-it (#o(#e #ti *o)eant min#* o,)ato acriter ict#
re)i(#i mot#* 'ita)i* 'incere *aepe&
'incere et in%enti* p)a%ae *edare t#m#)t#*
in(#e *#o* (#ic(#id r#r*#* re'ocare meat#*
et (#a*i iam )eti dominantem in corpore mot#m
di*c#tere ac paene ami**o* accendere *en*#*/
nam (#a re poti#* )eti iam )imine a, ip*o
ad 'itam po**int con)ecta mente re'erti&
(#am (#o dec#r*#m prope iam *iet ire et a,ire9
0
7raeterea& (#oniam do)or e*t& #,i materiai
corpora 'i (#adam per 'i*cera 'i'a per art#*
*o))icitata *#i* trepidant in *edi,#* int#*&
in(#e )oc#m (#ando remi%rant& -it ,)anda 'o)#pta*&
*cire )icet n#))o primordia po**e do)ore
temptari n#))am(#e 'o)#ptatem capere ex *e/
(#ando(#idem non *#nt ex #))i* principior#m
corpori,#*& (#or#m mot#* no'itate )a,orent
a#t a)i(#em -r#ct#m capiant d#)cedini* a)mae.
ha#t i%it#r de,ent e**e #))o praedita *en*#.
!eni(#e #ti po**int *entire anima)ia (#ae(#e&
principii* *i iam e*t *en*#* tri,#end#* eor#m&
(#id& %en#* h#man#m propritim de (#i,#* a#ct#m*t9
*ci)icet et ri*# trem#)o conc#**a cachinnant
et )acrimi* *par%#nt roranti,#* ora %ena*(#e
m#)ta(#e de rer#m mixt#ra dicere ca))ent
et *i,i proporro (#ae *int primordia (#aer#nt/
(#ando (#idem toti* morta)i,#* ad*im#)ata
ip*a (#o(#e ex a)ii* de,ent con*tare e)ementi*&
inde a)ia ex a)ii*& n#*(#am con*i*tere #t a#*i*/
(#ippe *e(#ar& (#od c#m(#e )o(#i ridere(#e dice*
et *apere& ex a)ii* eadem haec -acienti,#* #t *it.
(#od *i de)ira haec -#rio*a(#e cernim#* e**e
et ridere pote*t non ex ridenti,#* a#ct#*&
et *apere et docti* rationem reddere dicti*
non ex *emini,#* *apienti,#* at(#e di*erti*&
(#i min#* e**e (#eant ea (#ae *entire 'idem#*
*emini,#* permixta carenti,#* #ndi(#e *en*#9
!eni(#e cae)e*ti *#m#* omne* *emine ori#ndi/
omni,#* i))e idem pater e*t& #nde a)ma )i(#enti*
#mori* %#tta* mater c#m terra recepit&
-eta parit nitida* -r#%e* ar,#*ta(#e )aeta
et %en#* h#man#m& parit omnia *aec)a -erar#m&
pa,#)a c#m prae,et& (#i,#* omne* corpora pa*c#nt
et d#)cem d#c#nt 'itam pro)em(#e propa%ant/
(#a propter merito matern#m nomen adepta e*t.
cedit item retro& de terra (#od -#it ante&
in terra*& et (#od mi**#m*t ex aetheri* ori*&
id r#r*#m cae)i re))at#m temp)a receptant.
nec *ic interemit mor* re* #t materiai
corpora con-iciat& *ed coet#m di**#pat o))i*/
inde a)ii* a)i#d coni#n%it et e--icit& omni*
re* #t con'ertant -orma* m#tent(#e co)ore*
et capiant *en*#* et p#ncto tempore reddant/
#t no*ca* re-erre ear#m primordia rer#m
ne'e p#te* aeterna pene* re*idere pote**e
corpora prima (#od in *#mmi* -)#itare 'idem#*
re,#* et interd#m na*ci *#,ito(#e perire.
(#in etiam re-ert no*tri* in 'er*i,#* ip*i*

c#m (#i,#* et (#a)i *int ordine (#ae(#e )ocata/
nam(#e eadem cae)#m mare terra* -)#mina *o)em
*i%ni-icant& eadem -r#%e* ar,#*ta animanti*/
*i non omnia *#nt& at m#)to maxima par* e*t
con*imi)i*/ 'er#m po*it#ra di*crepitant re*.
*ic ip*i* in re,#* item iam materiai
=inter'a))a 'ia* conex#* pondera p)a%a*>
conc#r*#* mot#* ordo po*it#ra -i%#rae
c#m perm#tant#r& m#tari re* (#o(#e de,ent.
$#nc anim#m no,i* adhi,e 'eram ad rationem.
nam ti,i 'ehementer no'a re* mo)it#r ad a#ri*
accedere et no'a *e *pecie* o*tendere rer#m.
*ed ne(#e tam -aci)i* re* #))a e*t& (#in ea prim#m
di--ici)i* ma%i* ad credend#m con*tet& item(#e
ni) adeo ma%n#m ne(#e tam mira,i)e (#ic(#am&
(#od non pa#)atim min#ant mirarier omne*&
principio cae)i c)ar#m p#r#m(#e co)orem
(#ae(#e in *e cohi,et& pa)antia *idera pa**im&
)#nam(#e et *o)i* praec)ara )#ce nitorem/
omnia (#ae n#nc *i prim#m morta)i,#* e**ent
ex impro'i*o *i *int o,iecta repente&
(#id ma%i* hi* re,#* poterat mira,i)e dici&
a#t min#* ante (#od a#derent -ore credere %ente*9
ni)& #t opinor/ ita haec *pecie* miranda -#i**et.
(#am ti,i iam nemo -e**#* *atiate 'idendi&
*#*picere in cae)i di%nat#r )#cida temp)a.
de*ine (#a propter no'itate exterrit#* ip*a
exp#ere ex animo rationem& *ed ma%i* acri
i#dicio perpende& et *i ti,i 'era 'ident#r&
dede man#*& a#t& *i -a)*#m e*t& accin%ere contra.
(#aerit enim rationem anim#*& c#m *#mma )oci *it
in-inita -ori* haec extra moenia m#ndi&
(#id *it i,i porro& (#o pro*picere #*(#e 'e)it men*
at(#e animi iact#* )i,er (#o per'o)et ip*e.
7rincipio no,i* in c#ncta* #ndi(#e parti*
et )atere ex #tro(#e *#pter(#e per omne
n#))a e*t -ini*/ #ti doc#i& re* ip*a(#e per *e
'oci-erat#r& et e)#cet nat#ra pro-#ndi.
n#))o iam pacto 'eri *imi)e e**e p#tand#m*t&
#ndi(#e c#m 'or*#m *pati#m 'acet in-init#m
*emina(#e inn#mero n#mero *#mma(#e pro-#nda
m#)timodi* 'o)itent aeterno percita mot#&
h#nc #n#m terrar#m or,em cae)#m(#e creat#m&
ni) a%ere i))a -ori* tot corpora materiai/
c#m prae*ertim hic *it nat#ra -act#* et ip*a
*ponte *#a -orte o--en*ando *emina rer#m
m#)timodi* temere in ca**#m -r#*tra(#e coacta
tandem co)#er#nt ea (#ae coniecta repente
ma%nar#m rer#m -ierent exordia *emper&
terrai mari* et cae)i %eneri*(#e animant#m.
(#are etiam at(#e etiam ta)i* -ateare nece**e e*t
8
e**e a)io* a)i,i con%re**#* materiai&
(#a)i* hic e*t& a'ido comp)ex# (#em tenet aether.
7raeterea c#m materie* e*t m#)ta parata&
c#m )oc#* e*t prae*to nec re* nec ca#*a morat#r
#))a& %eri de,ent ni mir#m et con-ieri re*.
n#nc et *emini,#* *i tanta e*t copia& (#antam
en#merare aeta* animant#m non (#eat omni*&
(#i* eadem nat#ra manet& (#ae *emina rer#m
conicere in )oca (#ae(#e (#eat *imi)i ratione
at(#e h#c *#nt coniecta& nece**e e*t con-iteare
e**e a)io* a)ii* terrar#m in parti,#* or,i*
et 'aria* homin#m %enti* et *aec)a -erar#m.
H#c accedit #t in *#mma re* n#))a *it #na&
#nica (#ae %i%nat#r et #nica *o)a(#e cre*cat&
(#in a)i(#oi#* *iet *aec)i perm#)ta(#e eodem
*int %enere. in primi* anima)i,#* indice mente
in'enie* *ic monti'a%#m %en#* e**e -erar#m&
*ic homin#m %eminam pro)em& *ic deni(#e m#ta*
*(#ami%er#m pec#de* et corpora c#ncta 'o)ant#m.
(#a propter cae)#m *imi)i ratione -atend#m*t
terram(#e et *o)em& )#nam mare cetera (#ae *#nt&
non e**e #nica& *ed n#mero ma%i* inn#mera)i/
(#ando (#idem 'itae depact#* termin#* a)te
tam manet haec et tam nati'o corpore con*tant
(#am %en#* omne& (#od hi* %eneratim*t re,#* a,#ndan*.
6#ae ,ene co%nita *i tenea*& nat#ra 'idet#r
)i,era contin#o& domini* pri'ata *#per,i*&
ip*a *#a per *e *ponte omnia di* a%ere exper*.
nam pro *ancta de#m tran(#i))a pectora pace
(#ae p)acid#m de%#nt ae'om 'itam(#e *erenam&
(#i* re%ere immen*i *#mmam& (#i* ha,ere pro-#ndi
ind# man# 'a)ida* poti* e*t moderanter ha,ena*&
(#i* pariter cae)o* omni* con'ertere et omni*
i%ni,#* aetherii* terra* *#--ire -eraci*&
omni,#* in'e )oci* e**e omni tempore prae*to&
n#,i,#* #t tene,ra* -aciat cae)i(#e *erena
conc#tiat *onit#& t#m -#)mina mittat et aedi*
*aepe *#a* di*t#r,et et in de*erta receden*
*ae'iat exercen* te)#m& (#od *aepe nocente*
praeterit exanimat(#e indi%no* in(#e merente*9
M#)ta(#e po*t m#ndi temp#* %enita)e diem(#e
primi%en#m mari* et terrae *o)i*(#e coort#m
addita corpora *#nt extrin*ec#*& addita circ#m
*emina& (#ae ma%n#m iac#)ando cont#)it omne&
#nde mare et terrae po**ent a#%e*cere et #nde
appareret *pati#m cae)i dom#* a)ta(#e tecta
to))eret a terri* proc#) et con*#r%eret a.r.
nam *#a c#i(#e& )oci* ex omni,#*& omnia p)a%i*
corpora di*tri,##nt#r et ad *#a *aec)a reced#nt&
#mor ad #morem& terreno corpore terra
cre*cit et i%nem i%ne* proc#d#nt aethera(#e &
6
doni(#e ad extrem#m cre*cendi per-ica -inem
omnia perd#xit rer#m nat#ra creatrix/
#t -it #,i nihi)o iam p)#* e*t (#od dat#r intra
'ita)i* 'ena* (#am (#od -)#it at(#e recedit.
omni,#* hic aeta* de,et con*i*tere re,#*&
hic nat#ra *#i* re-renat 'iri,#* a#ct#m.
nam (#ae c#m(#e 'ide* hi)aro %rande*cere ada#ct#
pa#)atim(#e %rad#* aetati* *candere ad#)tae&
p)#ra *i,i ad*#m#nt (#am de *e corpora mitt#nt&
d#m -aci)e in 'ena* ci,#* omni* indit#r et d#m
non ita *#nt )ate di*pe**a& #t m#)ta remittant
et p)#* di*pendi -aciant (#am 'e*cit#r aeta*.
nam certe -)#ere at(#e recedere corpora re,#*
m#)ta man#* dand#m e*t/ *ed p)#ra accedere de,ent&
donec a)e*cendi *#mm#m teti%ere cac#men.
inde min#tatim 'ire* et ro,#r ad#)t#m
-ran%it et in partem peiorem )i(#it#r aeta*.
(#ippe etenim (#anto e*t re* amp)ior& a#%mine adempto&
et (#o )atior e*t& in c#ncta* #ndi(#e parti*
p)#ra modo di*par%it et a *e corpora mittit&
nec -aci)e in 'ena* ci,#* omni* didit#r ei
nec *ati* e*t& pro (#am )ar%o* exae*t#at ae*t#*&
#nde (#eat tant#m *#,oriri ac *#,peditare.
i#re i%it#r pere#nt& c#m rare-acta -)#endo
*#nt et c#m externi* *#cc#m,#nt omnia p)a%i*&
(#ando (#idem %randi ci,#* ae'o deni(#e de-it&
nec t#ditantia rem ce**ant extrin*ec#* #))am
corpora con-icere et p)a%i* in-e*ta domare.
;ic i%it#r ma%ni (#o(#e circ#m moenia m#ndi
exp#%nata da,#nt )a,em p#tri*(#e r#ina*/
omnia de,et enim ci,#* inte%rare no'ando
et -#)cire ci,#*& omnia *#*tentare&
ne (#i(#am& (#oniam nec 'enae perpeti#nt#r
(#od *ati* e*t& ne(#e (#ant#m op#* e*t nat#ra mini*trat.
2am(#e adeo -racta e*t aeta* e--eta(#e te))#*
'ix anima)ia par'a creat& (#ae c#ncta crea'it
*aec)a dedit(#e -erar#m in%entia corpora part#.
ha#d& #t opinor& enim morta)ia *aec)a *#perne
a#rea de cae)o demi*it -#ni* in ar'a
nec mare nec -)#ct#* p)an%enti* *axa crear#nt&
*ed %en#it te))#* eadem (#ae n#nc a)it ex *e.
praeterea nitida* -r#%e* 'ineta(#e )aeta
*ponte *#a prim#m morta)i,#* ip*a crea'it&
ip*a dedit d#)ci* -et#* et pa,#)a )aeta/
(#ae n#nc 'ix no*tro %rande*c#nt a#cta )a,ore&
conterim#*(#e ,o'e* et 'iri* a%rico)ar#m&
con-icim#* -err#m 'ix ar'i* *#ppeditati:
#*(#e adeo parc#nt -et#* a#%ent(#e )a,orem.
iam(#e cap#t (#a**an* %randi* *#*pirat arator
cre,ri#*& in ca**#m ma%no* cecidi**e )a,ore*&
et c#m tempora tempori,#* prae*entia con-ert
:
praeteriti*& )a#dat -ort#na* *aepe parenti*.
tri*ti* item 'et#)ae 'iti* *ator at(#e
tempori* inc#*at momen *aec)#m(#e -ati%at&
et crepat& anti(##m %en#* #t pietate rep)et#m
per-aci)e an%#*ti* to)erarit -ini,#* ae'om&
c#m minor e**et a%ri m#)to mod#* ante 'iritim/
nec tenet omnia pa#)atim ta,e*cere et ire
ad cap#)#m *patio aetati* de-e**a 'et#*to.
8
Liber III

5 tene,ri* tanti* tam c)ar#m exto))ere )#men
(#i prim#* pot#i*ti in)#*tran* commoda 'itae&
te *e(#or& o 1raiae %enti* dec#*& in(#e t#i* n#nc
-icta ped#m pono pre**i* 'e*ti%ia *i%ni*&
non ita certandi c#pid#* (#am propter amorem
(#od te imitari a'eo/ (#id enim contendat hir#ndo
cycni*& a#t (#id nam trem#)i* -acere art#,#* haedi
con*imi)e in c#r*# po**int et -orti* e(#i 'i*9
t#& pater& e* rer#m in'entor& t# patria no,i*
*#ppedita* praecepta& t#i*(#e ex& inc)#te& charti*&
-)ori-eri* #t ape* in *a)ti,#* omnia )i,ant&
omnia no* itidem depa*cim#r a#rea dicta&
a#rea& perpet#a *emper di%ni**ima 'ita.
nam *im#) ac ratio t#a coepit 'oci-erari
nat#ram rer#m di'ina mente coorta
di--#%i#nt animi terrore*& moenia m#ndi
di*ced#nt. tot#m 'ideo per inane %eri re*.
apparet di'#m n#men *ede*(#e (#ietae&
(#a* ne(#e conc#ti#nt 'enti nec n#,i)a nim,i*
a*per%#nt ne(#e nix acri concreta pr#ina
cana caden* 'io)at *emper=(#e> inn#,i)#* aether
inte%it et )ar%e di--#*o )#mine ridet:
omnia *#ppeditat porro nat#ra ne(#e #))a
re* animi pacem de)i,at tempore in #))o.
at contra n#*(#am apparent Acher#*ia temp)a&
nec te))#* o,*tat (#in omnia di*piciant#r&
*#, pedi,#* (#ae c#m(#e in-ra per inane %er#nt#r.
hi* i,i me re,#* (#aedam di'ina 'o)#pta*
percipit at(#e horror& (#od *ic nat#ra t#a 'i
tam mani-e*ta paten* ex omni parte retecta e*t.
5t (#oniam doc#i& c#nctar#m exordia rer#m
(#a)ia *int et (#am 'arii* di*tantia -ormi*
*ponte *#a 'o)itent aeterno percita mot#&
(#o'e modo po**int re* ex hi* (#ae(#e creari&
ha*ce *ec#nd#m re* animi nat#ra 'idet#r
at(#e animae c)aranda mei* iam 'er*i,#* e**e
et met#* i))e -ora* praecep* Acher#nti* a%end#*&
-#ndit#* h#manam (#i 'itam t#r,at a, imo
omnia *#--#nden* morti* ni%rore ne(#e #))am
e**e 'o)#ptatem )i(#idam p#ram(#e re)in(#it.
nam (#od *aepe homine* mor,o* ma%i* e**e timendo*
in-amem(#e -er#nt 'itam (#am Tartara )eti
et *e *cire animi nat#ram *an%#ini* e**e&
a#t etiam 'enti& *i -ert ita -orte 'o)#nta*&
nec pro*#m (#ic(#am no*trae rationi* e%ere&
hinc )icet ad'erta* anim#m ma%i* omnia )a#di*
iactari ca#*a (#am (#od re* ip*a pro,et#r.
extorre* idem patria )on%e(#e -#%ati
9
con*pect# ex homin#m& -oedati crimine t#rpi&
omni,#* aer#mni* ad-ecti deni(#e 'i'#nt&
et (#o c#m(#e tamen mi*eri 'enere parentant
et ni%ra* mactant pec#de* et mani,#* di'i*
in-eria* mitt#nt m#)to(#e in re,#* acer,i*
acri#* ad'ert#nt animo* ad re)i%ionem.
(#o ma%i* in d#,ii* hominem *pectare peric)i*
con'enit ad'er*i*(#e in re,#* no*cere (#i *it/
nam 'erae 'oce* t#m dem#m pectore a, imo
e)ici#nt#r =et> eripit#r per*ona Dmanare.
deni(#e a'aritie* et honor#m caeca c#pido&
(#ae mi*ero* homine* co%#nt tran*cendere -ine*
i#ri* et inter d#m *ocio* *ce)er#m at(#e mini*tro*
nocte* at(#e die* niti prae*tante )a,ore
ad *#mma* emer%ere ope*& haec '#)nera 'itae
non minimam partem morti* -ormidine a)#nt#r.
t#rpi* enim -erme contempt#* et acri* e%e*ta*
*emota a, d#)ci 'ita *ta,i)i(#e 'idet#r
et (#a*i iam )eti porta* c#nctarier ante/
#nde homine* d#m *e -a)*o terrore coacti
e--#%i**e 'o)#nt )on%e )on%e(#e remo**e&
*an%#ine ci'i)i rem con-)ant di'itia*(#e
cond#p)icant a'idi& caedem caede acc#m#)ante*&
cr#de)e* %a#dent in tri*ti -#nere -ratri*
et con*an%#ine#m men*a* odere timent(#e.
con*imi)i ratione a, eodem *aepe timore
macerat in'idia ante oc#)o* i))#m e**e potentem&
i))#m a*pectari& c)aro (#i incedit honore&
ip*i *e in tene,ri* 'o)'i caeno(#e (#er#nt#r.
intere#nt partim *tat#ar#m et nomini* er%o.
et *aepe #*(#e adeo& morti* -ormidine& 'itae
percipit h#mano* odi#m )#ci*(#e 'idendae&
#t *i,i con*ci*cant maerenti pectore )et#m
o,)iti -ontem c#rar#m h#nc e**e timorem:
h#nc 'exare p#dorem& h#nc 'inc#)a amicitiai
r#mpere et in *#mma pietate e'ertere *#adet:
nam iam *aepe homine* patriam caro*(#e parenti*
prodider#nt 'itare Acher#*ia temp)a petente*.
7rim#m anim#m dico& mentem (#em *aepe 'ocam#*&
in (#o con*i)i#m 'itae re%imen(#e )ocat#m e*t&
e**e homini* partem nihi)o min#* ac man#* et pe*
at(#e oc#)ei parte* animanti* toti#* extant.
A A A
*en*#m animi certa non e**e in parte )ocat#m&
80
'er#m ha,it#m (#endam 'ita)em corpori* e**e&
harmoniam 1rai (#am dic#nt& (#od -aciat no*
'i'ere c#m *en*#& n#))a c#m in parte *iet men*/
#t ,ona *aepe 'a)et#do c#m dicit#r e**e
corpori*& et non e*t tamen haec par* #))a 'a)enti*&
*ic animi *en*#m non certa parte repon#nt/
ma%no opere in (#o mi di'er*i errare 'ident#r.
;aepe ita(#e& in prompt# corp#* (#od cernit#r& ae%ret&
c#m tamen ex a)ia )aetam#r parte )atenti/
et retro -it #,i contra *it *aepe 'ici**im&
c#m mi*er ex animo )aetat#r corpore toto/
non a)io pacto (#am *i& pe* c#m do)et ae%ri&
in n#))o cap#t interea *it -orte do)ore.
7raeterea mo))i c#m *omno dedita mem,ra
e--#*#m(#e iacet *ine *en*# corp#* hon#*t#m&
e*t a)i#d tamen in no,i* (#od tempore in i))o
m#)timodi* a%itat#r et omni* accipit in *e
)aetitiae mot#* et c#ra* cordi* inani*.
$#nc animam (#o(#e #t in mem,ri* co%no*cere po**i*
e**e ne(#e harmonia corp#* *entire *o)ere&
principio -it #ti detracto corpore m#)to
*aepe tamen no,i* in mem,ri* 'ita moret#r.
At(#e eadem r#r*#m& c#m corpora pa#ca ca)ori*
di--#%ere -ora*(#e per o* e*t edit#* a.r&
de*erit extemp)o 'ena* at(#e o**a re)in(#it/
no*cere #t hinc po**i* non ae(#a* omnia parti*
corpora ha,ere ne(#e ex ae(#o -#)cire *a)#tem&
*ed ma%i* haec& 'enti (#ae *#nt ca)idi(#e 'apori*
*emina& c#rare in mem,ri* #t 'ita moret#r.
e*t i%it#r ca)or ac 'ent#* 'ita)i* in ip*o
corpore& (#i no,i* mori,#ndo* de*erit art#*.
(#apropter (#oniam e*t animi nat#ra reperta
at(#e animae (#a*i par* homini*& redde harmoniai
nomen& ad or%anico* a)to de)at#m He)iconi&
*i'e a)i#nde ip*i porro traxere et in i))am
tran*t#)er#nt& proprio (#ae t#m re* nomine e%e,at.
(#id(#id =id> e*t& ha,eant: t# cetera percipe dicta.
$#nc anim#m at(#e animam dico coni#ncta teneri
inter *e at(#e #nam nat#ram con-icere ex *e&
*ed cap#t e**e (#a*i et dominari in corpore toto
con*i)i#m& (#od no* anim#m mentem(#e 'ocam#*.
id(#e *it#m media re%ione in pectori* haeret.
hic ex#)tat enim pa'or ac met#*& haec )oca circ#m
)aetitiae m#)cent: hic er%o men* anim#*(#e*t.
cetera par* animae per tot#m di**ita corp#*
paret et ad n#men menti* momen(#e mo'et#r.
id(#e *i,i *o)#m per *e *apit et *i,i %a#det&
c#m ne(#e re* animam ne(#e corp#* commo'et #na.
et (#a*i& c#m cap#t a#t oc#)#* temptante do)ore
)aedit#r in no,i*& non omni concr#ciam#r
corpore& *ic anim#* nonn#m(#am )aedit#r ip*e
81
)aetitia(#e 'i%et& c#m cetera par* animai
per mem,ra at(#e art#* n#))a no'itate ciet#r/
'er#m #,i 'ementi ma%i* e*t commota met# men*&
con*entire animam totam per mem,ra 'idem#*
*#dore*(#e ita pa))orem(#e exi*tere toto
corpore et in-rin%i )in%#am 'ocem(#e a,oriri&
ca)i%are oc#)o*& *onere a#ri*& *#ccidere art#*&
deni(#e concidere ex animi terrore 'idem#*
*aepe homine*/ -aci)e #t (#i'i* hinc no*cere po**it
e**e animam c#m animo coni#nctam& (#ae c#m animi ='i>
perc#**a e*t& exim corp#* prope))it et icit.
Haec eadem ratio nat#ram animi at(#e animai
corpoream docet e**e/ #,i enim prope))ere mem,ra&
corripere ex *omno corp#* m#tare(#e '#)t#m
at(#e hominem tot#m re%ere ac 'er*are 'idet#r&
(#or#m ni) -ieri *ine tact# po**e 'idem#*
nec tact#m porro *ine corpore& nonne -atend#m*t
corporea nat#ra anim#m con*tare animam(#e9
praeterea pariter -#n%i c#m corpore et #na
con*entire anim#m no,i* in corpore cerni*.
*i min#* o--endit 'itam 'i* horrida te)i
o**i,#* ac ner'i* di*c)#*i* int#* adacta&
at tamen in*e(#it#r )an%#or terrae(#e petit#*
*#a'i* et in terra menti* (#i %i%nit#r ae*t#*
inter d#m(#e (#a*i ex*#r%endi incerta 'o)#nta*.
er%o corpoream nat#ram animi e**e nece**e*t&
corporei* (#oniam te)i* ict#(#e )a,orat.
2* ti,i n#nc anim#* (#a)i *it corpore et #nde
con*titerit per%am rationem reddere dicti*.
principio e**e aio per*#pti)em at(#e min#ti*
per(#am corpori,#* -act#m con*tare. id ita e**e
hinc )icet ad'erta* anim#m& #t perno*cere po**i*.
$i) adeo -ieri ce)eri ratione 'idet#r&
(#am *i men* -ieri proponit et inchoat ip*a/
oci#* er%o anim#* (#am re* *e perciet #))a&
ante oc#)o* (#or#m in prompt# nat#ra 'idet#r.
at (#od mo,i)e tanto opere*t& con*tare r#t#ndi*
per(#am *emini,#* de,et per(#am(#e min#ti*&
momine #ti par'o po**int inp#)*a mo'eri.
nam(#e mo'et#r a(#a et tanti))o momine -)#tat&
(#ippe 'o)#,i)i,#* par'i*(#e creata -i%#ri*.
at contra me))i* con*tantior e*t nat#ra
et pi%ri )atice* ma%i* et c#nctantior act#*:
haeret enim inter *e ma%i* omni* materiai
copia& ni mir#m (#ia non tam )e'i,#* extat
corpori,#* ne(#e tam *#pti)i,#* at(#e r#t#ndi*.
nam(#e papa'eri* a#ra pote*t *#*pen*a )e'i*(#e
co%ere #t a, *#mmo ti,i di--)#at a)t#* acer'#*&
at contra )apid#m coniect#m *picar#m(#e
noen# pote*t. i%it#r par'i**ima corpora pro (#am
et )e'i**ima *#nt& ita mo,i)itate -r##nt#r/
82
at contra (#ae c#m(#e ma%i* c#m pondere ma%no
a*pera(#e in'eni#nt#r& eo *ta,i)ita ma%i* *#nt.
n#nc i%it#r (#oniam*t animi nat#ra reperta
mo,i)i* e%re%ie& per(#am con*tare nece**e*t
corpori,#* par'i* et )e'i,#* at(#e r#t#ndi*.
(#ae ti,i co%nita re* in m#)ti*& o ,one& re,#*
#ti)i* in'eniet#r et opport#na c)#e,it.
Haec (#o(#e re* etiam nat#ram dedicat ei#*&
(#am ten#i con*tet text#ra (#am(#e )oco *e
contineat par'o& *i po**it con%)omerari&
(#od *im#) at(#e hominem )eti *ec#ra (#ie* e*t
indepta at(#e animi nat#ra animae(#e rece**it&
ni) i,i )i,at#m de toto corpore cerna*
ad *peciem& nihi) ad pond#*: mor* omnia prae*tat&
'ita)em praeter *en*#m ca)id#m(#e 'aporem.
er%o animam totam perpar'i* e**e nece**e*t
*emini,#* nexam per 'ena* 'i*cera ner'o*&
(#a ten#*& omni* #,i e toto iam corpore ce**it&
extima mem,ror#m circ#mcae*#ra tamen *e
inco)#mem prae*tat nec de-it ponderi* hi)#m.
(#od %en#* e*t& Cacchi c#m -)o* e'an#it a#t c#m
*pirit#* #n%#enti *#a'i* di--#%it in a#ra*
a#t a)i(#o c#m iam *#c#* de corpore ce**it/
ni) oc#)i* tamen e**e minor re* ip*a 'idet#r
propterea ne(#e detract#m de pondere (#ic(#am&
ni mir#m (#ia m#)ta min#ta(#e *emina *#co*
e--ici#nt et odorem in toto corpore rer#m.
(#are etiam at(#e etiam menti* nat#ram animae(#e
*cire )icet per(#am pa#xi))i* e**e creatam
*emini,#*& (#oniam -#%ien* ni) ponderi* a#-ert.
$ec tamen haec *imp)ex no,i* nat#ra p#tanda e*t.
ten'i* enim (#aedam mori,#ndo* de*erit a#ra
mixta 'apore& 'apor porro trahit a.ra *ec#m/
nec ca)or e*t (#i*(#am& c#i non *it mixt#* et a.r/
rara (#od ei#* enim con*tat nat#ra& nece**e*t
a.ri* inter e#m primordia m#)ta mo'eri.
iam trip)ex animi e*t i%it#r nat#ra reperta/
nec tamen haec *at *#nt ad *en*#m c#ncta creand#m&
ni) hor#m (#oniam recipit men* po**e creare
*en*i-ero* mot#*& (#ae deni(#e mente 'o)#tat.
(#arta (#o(#e hi* i%it#r (#aedam nat#ra nece**e*t
adtri,#at#r/ ea*t omnino nomini* exper*/
(#a ne(#e mo,i)i#* (#ic(#am ne(#e ten'i#* extat
nec ma%i* e par'i* et )e'i,#* ex e)ementi*/
*en*i-ero* mot#* (#ae didit prima per art#*.
prima ciet#r enim& par'i* per-ecta -i%#ri*&
inde ca)or mot#* et 'enti caeca pote*ta*
accipit& inde a.r& inde omnia mo,i)itant#r:
conc#tit#r *an%#i*& t#m 'i*cera per*enti*c#nt
omnia& po*tremi* dat#r o**i,#* at(#e med#))i*
*i'e 'o)#pta* e*t *i'e e*t contrari#* ardor.
80
nec temere h#c do)or #*(#e pote*t penetrare ne(#e acre
permanare ma)#m& (#in omnia pert#r,ent#r
#*(#e adeo =#t> 'itae de*it )oc#* at(#e animai
di--#%iant parte* per ca#)a* corpori* omni*.
*ed p)er#m(#e -it in *#mmo (#a*i corpore -ini*
moti,#*: hanc o, rem 'itam retinere 'a)em#*.
$#nc ea (#o pacto inter *e*e mixta (#i,#*(#e
compta modi* 'i%eant rationem reddere a'entem
a,*trahit in'it#m patrii *ermoni* e%e*ta*/
*ed tamen& #t potero *#mmatim attin%ere& tan%am.
inter enim c#r*ant primordia principior#m
moti,#* inter *e& nihi) #t *ecernier #n#m
po**it nec *patio -ieri di'i*a pote*ta*&
*ed (#a*i m#)tae 'i* #ni#* corpori* extant.
(#od %en#* in (#o'i* animant#m 'i*cere 'o)%o
e*t odor et (#idam co)or et *apor& et tamen ex hi*
omni,#* e*t #n#m per-ect#m corpori* a#%men&
*ic ca)or at(#e a.r et 'enti caeca pote*ta*
mixta creant #nam nat#ram et mo,i)i* i))a
'i*& init#m mot#* a, *e (#ae di'idit o))i*&
*en*i-er #nde orit#r prim#m per 'i*cera mot#*.
nam penit#* pror*#m )atet haec nat#ra *#,e*t(#e
nec ma%i* hac in-ra (#ic(#am e*t in corpore no*tro
at(#e anima e*t animae proporro toti#* ip*a.
(#od %en#* in no*tri* mem,ri* et corpore toto
mixta )aten* animi 'i* e*t animae(#e pote*ta*&
corpori,#* (#ia de par'i* pa#ci*(#e creata*t&
*ic ti,i nomini* haec exper* 'i*& -acta min#ti*
corpori,#*& )atet at(#e animae (#a*i toti#* ip*a
proporro*t anima et dominat#r corpore toto.
con*imi)i ratione nece**e*t 'ent#* et a.r
et ca)or inter *e 'i%eant commixta per art#*
at(#e a)ii* a)i#d *#,*it ma%i* emineat(#e&
#t (#iddam -ieri 'ideat#r a, omni,#* #n#m&
ni ca)or ac 'ent#* *eor*#m *eor*#m(#e pote*ta*
a.ri* interemant *en*#m did#cta(#e *o)'ant.
e*t etiam ca)or i))e animo& (#em *#mit& in ira
c#m -er'e*cit et ex oc#)i* micat acri#* ardor/
e*t et -ri%ida m#)ta& come* -ormidini*& a#ra&
(#ae ciet horrorem mem,ri* et concitat art#*/
e*t etiam (#o(#e pacati *tat#* a.ri* i))e&
pectore tran(#i))o -it (#i 'o)t#(#e *ereno.
*ed ca)idi p)#* e*t i))i* (#i,#* acria corda
irac#nda(#e men* -aci)e e--er'e*cit in ira&
(#o %enere in primi* 'i* e*t 'io)enta )eon#m&
pectora (#i -remit# r#mp#nt p)er#m(#e %emente*
nec capere irar#m -)#ct#* in pectore po**#nt.
at 'ento*a ma%i* cer'or#m -ri%ida men* e*t
et %e)ida* citi#* per 'i*cera concitat a#ra*&
(#ae trem#)#m -aci#nt mem,ri* exi*tere mot#m.
at nat#ra ,o#m p)acido ma%i* a.re 'i'it
8
nec nimi* irai -ax #m(#am *#,dita percit
-#mida& *#--#nden* caecae ca)i%ini* #m,ra&
nec %e)idi* torpet te)i* per-ixa pa'ori*/
inter#tra*(#e *ita*t cer'o* *ae'o*(#e )eone*.
*ic homin#m %en#* e*t: (#am'i* doctrina po)ito*
con*tit#at pariter (#o*dam& tamen i))a re)in(#it
nat#rae c#i#*(#e animi 'e*ti%ia prima.
nec radicit#* e'e))i ma)a po**e p#tand#m*t&
(#in proc)i'i#* hic ira* dec#rrat ad acri*&
i))e met# citi#* pa#)o temptet#r& at i))e
terti#* accipiat (#aedam c)ementi#* ae(#o.
in(#e a)ii* re,#* m#)ti* di--erre nece**e*t
nat#ra* homin#m 'aria* more*(#e *e(#aci*/
(#or#m e%o n#nc ne(#eo caeca* exponere ca#*a*
nec reperire -i%#rar#m tot nomina (#ot *#nt
principii*& #nde haec orit#r 'ariantia rer#m.
i))#d in hi* re,#* 'ideo -irmare pote**e&
#*(#e adeo nat#rar#m 'e*ti%ia )in(#i
par'o)a& (#ae ne(#eat ratio depe))ere no,i*&
#t nihi) inpediat di%nam di* de%ere 'itam.
Haec i%it#r nat#ra tenet#r corpore a, omni
ip*a(#e corpori* e*t c#*to* et ca#*a *a)#ti*/
nam comm#ni,#* inter *e radici,#* haerent
nec *ine pernicie di'e))i po**e 'ident#r.
(#od %en#* e th#ri* %)ae,i* e'e))ere odorem
ha#d -aci)e e*t& (#in intereat nat#ra (#o(#e ei#*&
*ic animi at(#e animae nat#ram corpore toto
extrahere ha#t -aci)e e*t& (#in omnia di**o)#ant#r.
inp)exi* ita principii* a, ori%ine prima
inter *e -i#nt con*orti praedita 'ita&
nec *i,i (#ae(#e *ine a)teri#* 'i po**e 'idet#r
corpori* at(#e animi *eor*#m *entire pote*ta*&
*ed comm#ni,#* inter ea* con-)at#r #trim(#e
moti,#* accen*#* no,i* per 'i*cera *en*#*.
7raeterea corp#* per *e nec %i%nit#r #m(#am
nec cre*cit ne(#e po*t mortem d#rare 'idet#r.
non enim& #t #mor a(#ae dimittit *aepe 'aporem&
(#i dat#* e*t& ne(#e ea ca#*a con'e))it#r ip*e&
*ed manet inco)#mi*& non& in(#am& *ic animai
di*cidi#m po**#nt art#* per-erre re)icti&
*ed penit#* pere#nt con'#)*i con(#e p#tre*c#nt.
ex ine#nte ae'o *ic corpori* at(#e animai
m#t#a 'ita)i* di*c#nt conta%ia mot#*&
materni* etiam mem,ri* a)'o(#e repo*ta&
di*cidi#m =#t> ne(#eat -ieri *ine pe*te ma)o(#e/
#t 'idea*& (#oniam coni#ncta*t ca#*a *a)#ti*&
coni#nctam (#o(#e nat#ram con*i*tere eor#m.
6#od *#per e*t& *i(#i* corp#* *entire re-#tat
at(#e animam credit permixtam corpore toto
*#*cipere h#nc mot#m (#em *en*#m nominitam#*&
'e) mani-e*ta* re* contra 'era*(#e rep#%nat.
88
(#id *it enim corp#* *entire (#i* ad-eret #m(#am&
*i non ip*a pa)am (#od re* dedit ac doc#it no*9
@at dimi**a anima corp#* caret #ndi(#e *en*#.@
perdit enim (#od non propri#m -#it ei#* in ae'o
m#)ta(#e praeterea perdit (#om expe))it#r ae'o.
!icere porro oc#)o* n#))am rem cernere po**e&
*ed per eo* anim#m #t -ori,#* *pectare rec)#*i*&
di--ici)e*t& contra c#m *en*#* d#cat eor#m/
*en*#* enim trahit at(#e acie* detr#dit ad ip*a*&
-#)%ida prae*ertim c#m cernere *aepe ne(#im#*&
)#mina )#mini,#* (#ia no,i* praepedi#nt#r.
(#od -ori,#* non -it/ ne(#e enim& (#a cernim#* ip*i&
o*tia *#*cipi#nt #))#m rec)#*a )a,orem.
praeterea *i pro -ori,#* *#nt )#mina no*tra&
iam ma%i* exempti* oc#)i* de,ere 'idet#r
cernere re* anim#* *#,)ati* po*ti,#* ip*i*.
2))#d in hi* re,#* ne(#a(#am *#mere po**i*&
!emocriti (#od *ancta 'iri *ententia ponit&
corpori* at(#e animi primordia *in%#)a primi*
adpo*ita a)terni*& 'ariare ac nectere mem,ra.
nam c#m m#)to *#nt animae e)ementa minora
(#am (#i,#* e corp#* no,i* et 'i*cera con*tant&
t#m n#mero (#o(#e conced#nt et rara per art#*
di**ita *#nt& d#m taxat #t hoc promittere po**i*&
(#ant#)a prima (#eant no,i* iniecta ciere
corpora *en*i-ero* mot#* in corpore& tanta
inter'a))a tenere exordia prima animai.
nam ne(#e p#)'eri* inter d#m *entim#* adhae*#m
corpore nec mem,ri* inc#**am *idere cretam&
nec ne,#)am noct# ne(#e arani ten'ia -i)a
o,'ia *entim#*& (#ando o,retim#r e#nte*&
nec *#pera cap#t ei#*dem cecidi**e 'ietam
'e*tem nec p)#ma* a'i#m pappo*(#e 'o)anti*&
(#i nimia )e'itate cad#nt p)er#m(#e %ra'atim&
nec repenti* it#m c#i#*'i* c#m(#e animanti*
*entim#* nec pri'a ped#m 'e*ti%ia (#ae(#e&
corpore (#ae in no*tro c#)ice* et cetera pon#nt.
#*(#e adeo pri#* e*t in no,i* m#)ta ciend#m
(#am primordia *enti*cant conc#**a animai&
*emina corpori,#* no*tri* inmixta per art#*&
et (#am in hi* inter'a))i* t#ditantia po**int
conc#r*are coire et di**#)tare 'ici**im.
5t ma%i* e*t anim#* 'itai c)a#*tra co.rcen*
et dominantior ad 'itam (#am 'i* animai.
nam *ine mente animo(#e ne(#it re*idere per art#*
tempori* exi%#am partem par* #))a animai&
*ed come* in*e(#it#r -aci)e et di*cedit in a#ra*
et %e)ido* art#* in )eti -ri%ore )in(#it.
at manet in 'ita c#i men* anim#*(#e reman*it&
(#am'i* e*t circ#m cae*i* )acer #ndi(#e mem,ri*/
tr#nc#* adempta anima circ#m mem,ri*(#e remota
86
'i'it et aetheria* 'ita)i* *#*cipit a#ra*/
*i non omnimodi*& at ma%na parte animai
pri'at#*& tamen in 'ita c#nctat#r et haeret/
#t& )acerato oc#)o circ#m *i p#p#)a man*it
inco)#mi*& *tat cern#ndi 'i'ata pote*ta*&
d#m modo ne tot#m corr#mpa* )#mini* or,em
et circ#m caeda* aciem *o)am(#e re)in(#a*/
id (#o(#e enim *ine pernicie non -iet eor#m.
at *i tant#)a par* oc#)i media i))a pere*a e*t&
occidit extemp)o )#men tene,rae(#e *ec#nt#r&
inco)#mi* (#am'i* a)io(#i *p)endid#* or,i*.
hoc anima at(#e anim#* 'incti *#nt -oedere *emper.
$#nc a%e& nati'o* animanti,#* et morta)i*
e**e animo* anima*(#e )e'i* #t no*cere po**i*&
con(#i*ita di# d#)ci(#e reperta )a,ore
di%na t#a per%am di*ponere carmina 'ita.
t# -ac #tr#m(#e #no *#,i#n%a* nomine eor#m
at(#e animam 'er,i ca#*a c#m dicere per%am&
morta)em e**e docen*& anim#m (#o(#e dicere creda*&
(#a ten#* e*t #n#m inter *e coni#ncta(#e re* e*t.
7rincipio (#oniam ten#em con*tare min#ti*
corpori,#* doc#i m#)to(#e minori,#* e**e
principii* -actam (#am )i(#id#* #mor a(#ai
a#t ne,#)a a#t -#m#*/Enam )on%e mo,i)itate
prae*tat et a ten#i ca#*a ma%i* icta mo'et#r&
(#ippe #,i ima%ini,#* -#mi ne,#)ae(#e mo'et#r/
(#od %en#* in *omni* *opiti #,i cernim#* a)te
exha)are 'aporem a)taria -erre(#e -#m#m/
nam proc#) haec d#,io no,i* *im#)acra %er#nt#rE
n#nc i%it#r (#oniam (#a**ati* #ndi(#e 'a*i*
di--)#ere #morem et )aticem di*cedere cerni*&
et ne,#)a ac -#m#* (#oniam di*cedit in a#ra*&
crede animam (#o(#e di--#ndi m#)to(#e perire
oci#* et citi#* di**o)'i in corpora prima&
c#m *eme) ex homini* mem,ri* a,)ata rece**it/
(#ippe etenim corp#*& (#od 'a* (#a*i con*titit ei#*&
c#m cohi,ere ne(#it con(#a**at#m ex a)i(#a re
ac rare-act#m detracto *an%#ine 'eni*&
a.re (#i creda* po**e hanc cohi,erier #))o&
corpore (#i no*tro rar#* ma%i* incohi,en* *it9
7raeterea %i%ni pariter c#m corpore et #na
cre*cere *entim#* pariter(#e *ene*cere mentem.
nam 'e) #t in-irmo p#eri tenero(#e 'a%ant#r
corpore& *ic animi *e(#it#r *ententia ten'i*.
inde #,i ro,#*ti* ado)e'it 'iri,#* aeta*&
con*i)i#m (#o(#e mai#* et a#ctior e*t animi 'i*.
po*t #,i iam 'a)idi* (#a**at#m e*t 'iri,#* ae'i
corp#* et o,t#*i* cecider#nt 'iri,#* art#*&
c)a#dicat in%eni#m& de)irat )in%#a =)a,at> men*&
omnia de-ici#nt at(#e #no tempore de*#nt.
er%o di**o)#i (#o(#e con'enit omnem animai
8:
nat#ram& ce# -#m#*& in a)ta* a.ri* a#ra*/
(#ando (#idem %i%ni pariter pariter(#e 'idem#*
cre*cere et& =#t> doc#i& *im#) ae'o -e**a -ati*ci.
H#c accedit #ti 'ideam#*& corp#* #t ip*#m
*#*cipere inmani* mor,o* d#r#m(#e do)orem&
*ic anim#m c#ra* acri* )#ct#m(#e met#m(#e/
(#are participem )eti (#o(#e con'enit e**e.
(#in etiam mor,i* in corpori* a'i#* errat
*aepe anim#*/ dementit enim de)ira(#e -at#r&
inter d#m(#e %ra'i )ethar%o -ert#r in a)t#m
aetern#m(#e *oporem oc#)i* n#t#(#e cadenti/
#nde ne(#e exa#dit 'oce* nec no*cere 'o)t#*
i))or#m poti* e*t& ad 'itam (#i re'ocante*
circ#m *tant )acrimi* rorante* ora %ena*(#e.
(#are anim#m (#o(#e di**o)#i -ateare nece**e*t&
(#ando(#idem penetrant in e#m conta%ia mor,i/
nam do)or ac mor,#* )eti -a,ricator #ter(#e*t&
m#)tor#m exitio perdocti (#od *#m#* ante.
=et (#oniam mentem *anari corp#* #t ae%r#m
et pariter mentem *anari corp#* inani>
deni(#e cor& hominem c#m 'ini 'i* penetra'it
acri* et in 'ena* di*ce**it didit#* ardor&
con*e(#it#r %ra'ita* mem,ror#m& praepedi#nt#r
cr#ra 'aci))anti& tarde*cit )in%#a& madet men*&
nant oc#)i& c)amor *in%#)t#* i#r%ia %)i*c#nt&
et iam cetera de %enere hoc (#ae c#m(#e *ec#nt#r&
c#r ea *#nt& ni*i (#od 'ehemen* 'io)entia 'ini
cont#r,are animam con*#e'it corpore in ip*o9
at (#ae c#m(#e (#e#nt cont#r,ari in(#e pediri&
*i%ni-icant& pa#)o *i d#rior in*in#arit
ca#*a& -ore #t pereant ae'o pri'ata -#t#ro.
6#in etiam *#,ito 'i mor,i *aepe coact#*
ante oc#)o* a)i(#i* no*tro*& #t -#)mini* ict#&
concidit et *p#ma* a%it& in%emit et tremit art#*&
de*ipit& extentat ner'o*& tor(#et#r& anhe)at
incon*tanter& et in iactando mem,ra -ati%at&
ni mir#m (#ia 'i* mor,i di*tracta per art#*
t#r,at a%en* animam& *p#man* =#t> in ae(#ore *a)*o
'entor#m 'a)idi* -er'e*c#nt 'iri,#* #ndae.
exprimit#r porro %emit#*& (#ia mem,ra do)ore
ad-ici#nt#r et omnino (#od *emina 'oci*
e)ici#nt#r et ore -ora* %)omerata -er#nt#r
(#a (#a*i con*#er#nt et *#nt m#nita 'iai.
de*ipientia -it& (#ia 'i* animi at(#e animai
cont#r,at#r et& #t doc#i& di'i*a *eor*#m
di*iectat#r eodem i))o di*tracta 'eneno.
inde #,i iam mor,i re-)exit ca#*a& redit(#e
in )ate,ra* acer corr#pti corpori* #mor&
t#m (#a*i 'acci))an* prim#m con*#r%it et omni*
pa#)atim redit in *en*#* animam(#e receptat.
haec i%it#r tanti* #,i mor,i* corpore in ip*o
88
iactent#r mi*eri*(#e modi* di*tracta )a,orent&
c#r eadem credi* *ine corpore in a.re aperto
c#m 'a)idi* 'enti* aetatem de%ere po**e9
5t (#oniam mentem *anari corp#* #t ae%r#m
cernim#* et -)ecti medicina po**e 'idem#*&
id (#o(#e prae*a%it morta)em 'i'ere mentem.
addere enim parti* a#t ordine traiecere aec#m*t
a#t a)i(#id pro*#m de *#mma detrahere hi)#m&
comm#tare anim#m (#i c#m(#e adorit#r et in-it
a#t a)iam (#am'i* nat#ram -)ectere (#aerit.
at ne(#e tran*-erri *i,i parti* nec tri,#i '#)t
inmorta)e (#od e*t (#ic(#am ne(#e de-)#ere hi)#m/
er%o anim#* *i'e ae%re*cit& morta)ia *i%na
mittit& #ti doc#i& *e# -)ectit#r a medicina.
#*(#e adeo -a)*ae rationi 'era 'idet#r
re* occ#rrere et e--#%i#m praec)#dere e#nti
ancipiti(#e re-#tat# con'incere -a)*#m.
!eni(#e *aepe hominem pa#)atim cernim#* ire
et mem,ratim 'ita)em deperdere *en*#m/
in pedi,#* prim#m di%ito* )i'e*cere et #n%#i*&
inde pede* et cr#ra mori& po*t inde per art#*
ire a)io* tractim %e)idi 'e*ti%ia )eti.
*cindit#r at(#e animae haec (#oniam nat#ra nec #no
tempore *incera exi*tit& morta)i* ha,enda*t.
(#od *i -orte p#ta* ip*am *e po**e per art#*
intro*#m trahere et parti* cond#cere in #n#m
at(#e ideo c#ncti* *en*#m did#cere mem,ri*&
at )oc#* i))e tamen& (#o copia tanta animai
co%it#r& in *en*# de,et maiore 'ideri/
(#i (#oniam n#*(#am*t& ni mir#m& #t dixim#* =ante ?&
di)aniata -ora* di*par%it#r& interit er%o.
(#in etiam *i iam )i,eat concedere -a)*#m
et dare po**e animam %)omerari in corpore eor#m&
)#mina (#i )inc#nt mori,#ndi partic#)atim&
morta)em tamen e**e animam -ateare nece**e
nec re-ert #tr#m pereat di*per*a per a#ra*
an contracta *#i* e parti,#* o,,r#te*cat&
(#ando hominem tot#m ma%i* ac ma%i* #ndi(#e *en*#*
de-icit et 'itae min#* et min#* #ndi(#e re*tat.
5t (#oniam men* e*t homini* par* #na )oco(#e
-ixa manet certo& 'e) #t a#re* at(#e oc#)i *#nt
at(#e a)ii *en*#* (#i 'itam c#m(#e %#,ernant&
et 'e) #ti man#* at(#e oc#)#* nare*'e *eor*#m
*ecreta a, no,i* ne(#e#nt *entire ne(#e e**e&
*ed tamen in par'o )inc#nt#r tempore ta)i&
*ic anim#* per *e non (#it *ine corpore et ip*o
e**e homine& i))i#* (#a*i (#od 'a* e**e 'idet#r&
*i'e a)i#d (#id 'i* poti#* coni#ncti#* ei
-in%ere& (#ando(#idem conex# corp#* adhaeret.
89
!eni(#e corpori* at(#e animi 'i'ata pote*ta*
inter *e coni#ncta 'a)ent 'ita(#e -r##nt#r/
nec *ine corpore enim 'ita)i* edere mot#*
*o)a pote*t animi per *e nat#ra nec a#tem
ca**#m anima corp#* d#rare et *en*i,#* #ti.
*ci)icet a'o)*#* radici,#* #t ne(#it #))am
di*picere ip*e oc#)#* rem *eor*#m corpore toto&
*ic anima at(#e anim#* per *e ni) po**e 'idet#r.
ni mir#m (#ia =per> 'ena* et 'i*cera mixtim&
per ner'o* at(#e o**a tenent#r corpore a, omni
nec ma%ni* inter'a))i* primordia po**#nt
)i,era di**#)tare& ideo conc)#*a mo'ent#r
*en*i-ero* mot#*& (#o* extra corp#* in a#ra*
a.ri* ha#t po**#nt po*t mortem eiecta mo'eri
propterea (#ia non *imi)i ratione tenent#r/
corp#* enim at(#e animan* erit a.r& *i cohi,ere
*e*e anima at(#e in eo* poterit conc)#dere mot#*&
(#o* ante in ner'i* et in ip*o corpore a%e,at.
(#are etiam at(#e etiam re*o)#to corpori* omni
te%mine et eiecti* extra 'ita)i,#* a#ri*
di**o)#i *en*#* animi -ateare nece**e*t
at(#e animam& (#oniam coni#ncta*t ca#*a d#o,#*.
!eni(#e c#m corp#* ne(#eat per-erre animai
di*cidi#m& (#in in taetro ta,e*cat odore&
(#id d#,ita* (#in ex imo penit#*(#e coorta
emanarit #ti -#m#* di--#*a animae 'i*&
at(#e ideo tanta m#tat#m p#tre r#ina
conciderit corp#*& penit#* (#ia mota )oco *#nt
-#ndamenta -ora* manant animae(#e per art#*
per(#e 'iar#m omni* -)ex#*& in corpore (#i *#nt&
at(#e -oramina9 m#)timodi* #t no*cere po**i*
di*pertitam animae nat#ram exi**e per art#*
et pri#* e**e *i,i di*tractam corpore in ip*o&
(#am pro)ap*a -ora* enaret in a.ri* a#ra*.
6#in etiam -ini* d#m 'itae 'ertit#r intra&
*aepe a)i(#a tamen e ca#*a )a,e-acta 'idet#r
ire anima ac toto *o)#i de corpore =tota>
et (#a*i *#premo )an%#e*cere tempore 'o)t#*
mo))ia(#e ex*an%#i cadere omnia =corpore> mem,ra.
(#od %en#* e*t& animo ma)e -act#m c#m perhi,et#r
a#t animam )i(#i**e/ #,i iam trepidat#r et omne*
extrem#m c#pi#nt 'itae reprehendere 'inc)#m/
con(#a**at#r enim t#m men* animae(#e pote*ta*
omni*. et haec ip*o c#m corpore con)a,e-i#nt&
#t %ra'ior pa#)o po**it di**o)'ere ca#*a.
6#id d#,ita* tandem (#in extra prodita corp#*
in,eci))a -ora* in aperto& te%mine dempto&
non modo non omnem po**it d#rare per ae'om&
*ed minim#m (#od'i* ne(#eat con*i*tere temp#*9
nec *i,i enim (#i*(#am morien* *entire 'idet#r
ire -ora* animam inco)#mem de corpore toto&
60
nec pri#* ad i#%#)#m et *#pera *#ccedere -a#ce*&
'er#m de-icere in certa re%ione )ocatam/
#t *en*#* a)io* in parti (#em(#e *#a *cit
di**o)#i. (#od *i inmorta)i* no*tra -oret men*&
non tam *e morien* di**o)'i con(#ereret#r&
*ed ma%i* ire -ora* 'e*tem(#e re)in(#ere& #t an%#i*.
!eni(#e c#r animi n#m(#am men* con*i)i#m(#e
%i%nit#r in capite a#t pedi,#* mani,#*'e& *ed #ni*
*edi,#* et certi* re%ioni,#* omni,#* haeret&
*i non certa )oca ad na*cend#m reddita c#i(#e
*#nt& et #,i (#ic(#id po**it d#rare creat#m
at(#e ita m#)timodi* partiti* art#,#* e**e&
mem,ror#m #t n#m(#am exi*tat praepo*ter#* ordo9
#*(#e adeo *e(#it#r re* rem& ne(#e -)amma creari
-)#mini,#* *o)ita*t ne(#e in i%ni %i%nier a)%or.
7raeterea *i inmorta)i* nat#ra animai*t
et *entire pote*t *ecreta a corpore no*tro&
(#in(#e& #t opinor& eam -aci#nd#m e*t *en*i,#* a#ctam.
nec ratione a)ia no*met proponere no,i*
po**#m#* in-erna* anima* Acher#nte 'a%are.
pictore* ita(#e et *criptor#m *aec)a priora
*ic anima* intro d#xer#nt *en*i,#* a#cta*.
at ne(#e *or*#m oc#)i ne(#e nare* nec man#* ip*a
e**e pote*t animae ne(#e *or*#m )in%#a ne(#e a#re*/
ha#d i%it#r per *e po**#nt *entire ne(#e e**e.
5t (#oniam toto *entim#* corpore ine**e
'ita)em *en*#m et tot#m e**e anima)e 'idem#*&
*i *#,ito medi#m ce)eri praeciderit ict#
'i* a)i(#a& #t *or*#m partem *ecernat #tram(#e&
di*pertita proc#) d#,io (#o(#e 'i* animai
et di*ci**a *im#) c#m corpore di**iciet#r.
at (#od *cindit#r et parti* di*cedit in #))a*&
*ci)icet aeternam *i,i nat#ram a,n#it e**e.
-a)ci-ero* memorant c#rr#* a,*cidere mem,ra
*aepe ita de *#,ito permixta caede ca)enti*&
#t tremere in terra 'ideat#r a, art#,#* id (#od
decidit a,*ci*#m& c#m men* tamen at(#e homini* 'i*
mo,i)itate ma)i non (#it *entire do)orem/
et *im#) in p#%nae *t#dio (#od dedita men* e*t&
corpore re)ic#o p#%nam caede*(#e pete**it&
nec tenet ami**am )ae'am c#m te%mine *aepe
inter e(#o* a,*traxe rota* -a)ce*(#e rapace*&
nec cecidi**e a)i#* dextram& c#m *candit et in*tat.
inde a)i#* conat#r adempto *#r%ere cr#re&
c#m di%ito* a%itat propter mori,#nd#* h#mi pe*.
et cap#t a,*ci*#m ca)ido 'i'ente(#e tr#nco
*er'at h#mi 'o)t#m 'ita)em oc#)o*(#e patenti*&
donec re)i(#ia* animai reddidit omne*.
(#in etiam ti,i *i& )in%#a 'i,rante& minanti
*erpenti* ca#da& procero corpore& #tr#m(#e
*it )i,it#m in m#)ta* parti* di*cidere -erro&
61
omnia iam *or*#m cerne* anci*a recenti
'o)nere tortari et terram con*par%ere ta,o&
ip*am *e(#e retro partem petere ore priorem&
'o)neri* ardenti #t mor*# premat icta do)ore.
omni,#* e**e i%it#r tota* dicem#* in i))i*
partic#)i* anima*9 at ea ratione *e(#et#r
#nam animantem anima* ha,#i**e in corpore m#)ta*.
er%o di'i*a*t ea (#ae -#it #na *im#) c#m
corpore/ (#apropter morta)e #tr#m(#e p#tand#m*t&
in m#)ta* (#oniam parti* di*cidit#r ae(#e.
7raeterea *i inmorta)i* nat#ra animai
con*tat et in corp#* na*centi,#* in*in#at#r&
c#r *#per ante actam aetatem memini**e ne(#im#*
=interi**e et (#ae n#nc e*t n#nc e**e creatam>
nec 'e*ti%ia %e*tar#m rer#m #))a tenem#*9
nam *i tanto opere*t animi m#tata pote*ta*&
omni* #t actar#m exciderit retinentia rer#m&
non& #t opinor& id a, )eto iam )on%i#* errat/
(#a propter -ateare nece**e*t (#ae -#it ante
interii**e& et (#ae n#nc e*t n#nc e**e creatam.
7raeterea *i iam per-ecto corpore no,i*
in-erri *o)ita*t animi 'i'ata pote*ta*
t#m c#m %i%nim#r et 'itae c#m )imen inim#*&
ha#d ita con'enie,at #ti c#m corpore et #na
c#m mem,ri* 'ideat#r in ip*o *an%#ine cre**e&
*ed 'e) #t in ca'ea per *e *i,i 'i'ere *o)am
con'enit& #t *en*# corp#* tamen a--)#at omne.
(#are etiam at(#e etiam ne(#e ori%ini* e**e p#tand#m*t
experti* anima* nec )eti )e%e *o)#ta*/
nam ne(#e tanto opere adnecti pot#i**e p#tand#m*t
corpori,#* no*tri* extrin*ec#* in*in#ata*&
(#od -ieri tot#m contra mani-e*ta docet re*
Enam(#e ita conexa e*t per 'ena* 'i*cera ner'o*
o**a(#e& #ti dente* (#o(#e *en*# participent#r/
mor,#* #t indicat et %e)idai *trin%or a(#ai
et )api* oppre**#* *#,iti* e -r#%i,#* a*perE
nec& tam contextae c#m *int& exire 'ident#r
inco)#me* po**e et *a)'a* ex*o)'ere *e*e
omni,#* e ner'i* at(#e o**i,#* artic#)i*(#e&
(#od *i -orte p#ta* extrin*ec#* in*in#atam
permanare animam no,i* per mem,ra *o)ere&
tanto (#i(#e ma%i* c#m corpore -#*a peri,it/
(#od permanat enim& di**o)'it#r& interit er%o/
di*pertit#r enim per ca#)a* corpori* omni*.
#t ci,#*& in mem,ra at(#e art#* c#m didit#r omni*&
di*perit at(#e a)iam nat#ram *#--icit ex *e&
*ic anima at(#e anim#* (#am'i* =e*t> inte%ra recen* =in>
corp#* e#nt& tamen in manando di**o)##nt#r&
d#m (#a*i per ca#)a* omni* did#nt#r in art#*
partic#)ae (#i,#* haec animi nat#ra creat#r&
(#ae n#nc in no*tro dominat#r corpore nata
62
ex i))a (#ae t#nc periit partita per art#*.
(#apropter ne(#e nata)i pri'ata 'idet#r
e**e die nat#ra animae nec -#neri* exper*.
;emina praeterea )in(#ont#r necne animai
corpore in exanimo9 (#od *i )inc#nt#r et in*#nt&
ha#t erit #t merito inmorta)i* po**it ha,eri&
parti,#* ami**i* (#oniam )i,ata rece**it.
*in ita *inceri* mem,ri* a,)ata pro-#%it&
#t n#))a* parti* in corpore )i(#erit ex *e&
#nde cada'era rancenti iam 'i*cere 'erme*
expirant at(#e #nde animant#m copia tanta
exo* et exan%#i* t#mido* per-)#ct#at art#*9
(#od *i -orte anima* extrin*ec#* in*in#ari9
'ermi,#* et pri'a* in corpora po**e 'enire
credi* nec rep#ta* c#r mi)ia m#)ta animar#m
con'eniant #nde #na rece**erit& hoc tamen e*t #t
(#aerend#m 'ideat#r et in di*crimen a%end#m&
#tr#m tandem animae 'enent#r *emina (#ae(#e
'ermic#)or#m ip*ae(#e *i,i -a,ricent#r #,i *int&
an (#a*i corpori,#* per-ecti* in*in#ent#r.
at ne(#e c#r -aciant ip*ae (#are'e )a,orent
dicere *#ppeditat. ne(#e enim& *ine corpore c#m *#nt&
*o))icitae 'o)itant mor,i* a)%#(#e -ame(#e/
corp#* enim ma%i* hi* 'itii* ad-ine )a,orat&
et ma)a m#)ta anim#* conta%e -#n%it#r ei#*.
*ed tamen hi* e*to (#am'i* -acere #ti)e corp#*&
c#m *#,eant/ at (#a po**int 'ia n#))a 'idet#r.
ha#t i%it#r -aci#nt animae *i,i corpora et art#*.
nec tamen e*t #t (#i =c#m> per-ecti* in*in#ent#r
corpori,#*/ ne(#e enim poter#nt *#pti)iter e**e
conexae ne(#e con*en*# conta%ia -ient.
!eni(#e c#r acri* 'io)entia tri*te )eon#m
*emini#m *e(#it#r& 'o)pe* do)#*& et -#%a cer'o*9
a patri,#* dat#r et =a> patri#* pa'or incitat art#*&
et iam cetera de %enere hoc c#r omnia mem,ri*
ex ine#nte ae'o %enera*c#nt in%enio(#e&
*i non& certa *#o (#ia *emine *eminio(#e
'i* animi pariter cre*cit c#m corpore (#o(#e9
(#od *i inmorta)i* -oret et m#tare *o)eret
corpora& permixti* animante* mori,#* e**ent&
e--#%eret cani* Hyrcano de *emine *aepe
corni%eri inc#r*#m cer'i tremeret(#e per a#ra*
a.ri* accipiter -#%ien* 'eniente co)#m,a&
de*iperent homine*& *aperent -era *aec)a -erar#m.
i))#d enim -a)*a -ert#r ratione& (#od ai#nt
inmorta)em animam m#tato corpore -)ecti/
(#od m#tat#r enim& di**o)'it#r& interit er%o/
traici#nt#r enim parte* at(#e ordine mi%rant/
(#are di**o)#i (#o(#e de,ent po**e per art#*&
deni(#e #t intereant #na c#m corpore c#nctae.
*in anima* homin#m dicent in corpora *emper
60
ire h#mana& tamen (#aeram c#r e *apienti
*t#)ta (#eat -ieri& nec pr#den* *it p#er #))#*&
=*i non& certa *#o (#ia *emine *eminio(#e>
nec tam doct#* e(#ae p#))#* (#am -orti* e(#i 'i*.
*ci)icet in tenero tenera*cere corpore mentem
con-#%ient. (#od *i iam -it& -ateare nece**e*t
morta)em e**e animam& (#oniam m#tata per art#*
tanto opere amittit 'itam *en*#m(#e priorem.
(#o'e modo poterit pariter c#m corpore (#o(#e
con-irmata c#pit#m aetati* tan%ere -)orem
'i* animi& ni*i erit con*or* in ori%ine prima9
(#id'e -ora* *i,i '#)t mem,ri* exire *enecti*9
an met#it conc)#*a manere in corpore p#tri
et dom#* aetati* *patio ne -e**a 'et#*to
o,r#at9 at non *#nt immorta)i #))a peric)a.
!eni(#e con#,ia ad +eneri* part#*(#e -erar#m
e**e anima* prae*to deridic#)#m e**e 'idet#r&
expectare immorta)i* morta)ia mem,ra
inn#mero n#mero certare(#e praeproperanter
inter *e (#ae prima poti**ima(#e in*in#et#r/
*i non -orte ita *#nt animar#m -oedera pacta&
#t (#ae prima 'o)an* ad'enerit in*in#et#r
prima ne(#e inter *e contendant 'iri,#* hi)#m.
!eni(#e in aethere non ar,or& non ae(#ore in a)to
n#,e* e**e (#e#nt nec pi*ce* 'i'ere in ar'i*
nec cr#or in )i%ni* ne(#e *axi* *#c#* ine**e.
cert#m ac di*po*it#m*t #,i (#ic(#id cre*cat et in*it.
*ic animi nat#ra ne(#it *ine corpore oriri
*o)a ne(#e a ner'i* et *an%#ine )on%i#* e**e.
(#od *i po**et enim& m#)to pri#* ip*a animi 'i*
in capite a#t #meri* a#t imi* ca)ci,#* e**e
po**et et inna*ci (#a'i* in parte *o)eret&
tandem in eodem homine at(#e in eodem 'a*e manere.
(#od (#oniam no*tro (#o(#e con*tat corpore cert#m
di*po*it#m(#e 'idet#r #,i e**e et cre*cere po**it
*or*#m anima at(#e anim#*& tanto ma%i* in-itiand#m
tot#m po**e extra corp#* d#rare %eni(#e.
(#are& corp#* #,i interiit& perii**e nece**e*t
con-iteare animam di*tractam in corpore toto.
(#ippe etenim morta)e aeterno i#n%ere et #na
con*entire p#tare et -#n%i m#t#a po**e
de*ipere*t/ (#id enim di'er*i#* e**e p#tand#m*t
a#t ma%i* inter *e di*i#nct#m di*crepitan*(#e&
(#am morta)e (#od e*t inmorta)i at(#e perenni
i#nct#m in conci)io *ae'a* to)erare proce))a*9
praeterea (#aec#m(#e manent aeterna nece**e*t
a#t (#ia *#nt *o)ido c#m corpore re*p#ere ict#*
nec penetrare pati *i,i (#ic(#am (#od (#eat arta*
di**ociare int#* parti*& #t materiai
corpora *#nt& (#or#m nat#ram o*tendim#* ante&
a#t ideo d#rare aetatem po**e per omnem&
6
p)a%ar#m (#ia *#nt expertia *ic#t inane*t&
(#od manet intact#m ne(#e a, ict# -#n%it#r hi)#m&
a#t etiam (#ia n#))a )oci *it copia circ#m&
(#o (#a*i re* po**int di*cedere di**o)#i(#e&
*ic#t *#mmar#m *#mma*t aeterna& ne(#e extra
(#i* )oc#* e*t (#o di--#%iant ne(#e corpora *#nt (#ae
po**int incidere et 'a)ida di**o)'ere p)a%a.
6#od *i -orte ideo ma%i* inmorta)i* ha,enda*t&
(#od 'ita)i,#* a, re,#* m#nita tenet#r&
a#t (#ia non 'eni#nt omnino a)iena *a)#ti*&
a#t (#ia (#ae 'eni#nt a)i(#a ratione reced#nt
p#)*a pri#* (#am (#id noceant *entire (#eam#*&
A A A
praeter enim (#am (#od mor,i* c#m corpori* ae%ret&
ad'enit id (#od eam de re,#* *aepe -#t#ri*
macerat in(#e met# ma)e ha,et c#ri*(#e -ati%at&
praeteriti*(#e ma)e admi**i* peccata remordent.
adde -#rorem animi propri#m at(#e o,)i'ia rer#m&
adde (#od in ni%ra* )ethar%i mer%it#r #nda*.
$i) i%it#r mor* e*t ad no* ne(#e pertinet hi)#m&
(#ando(#idem nat#ra animi morta)i* ha,et#r.
et 'e) #t ante acto nihi) tempore *en*im#* ae%ri&
ad con-)i%end#m 'enienti,#* #ndi(#e 7oeni*&
omnia c#m ,e))i trepido conc#**a t#m#)t#
horrida contrem#ere *#, a)ti* aetheri* a#ri*&
in d#,io(#e -#ere #tror#m ad re%na cadend#m
omni,#* h#mani* e**et terra(#e mari(#e&
*ic& #,i non erim#*& c#m corpori* at(#e animai
di*cidi#m -#erit& (#i,#* e *#m#* #niter apti&
*ci)icet ha#d no,i* (#ic(#am& (#i non erim#* t#m&
accidere omnino poterit *en*#m(#e mo'ere&
non *i terra mari mi*ce,it#r et mare cae)o.
et *i iam no*tro *entit de corpore po*t(#am
di*tracta*t animi nat#ra animae(#e pote*ta*&
ni) tamen e*t ad no*& (#i compt# coni#%io(#e
corpori* at(#e animae con*i*tim#* #niter apti.
nec& *i materiem no*tram co))e%erit aeta*
po*t o,it#m r#r*#m(#e rede%erit #t *ita n#nc e*t&
at(#e iter#m no,i* -#erint data )#mina 'itae&
pertineat (#ic(#am tamen ad no* id (#o(#e -act#m&
interr#pta *eme) c#m *it repetentia no*tri.
et n#nc ni) ad no* de no,i* attinet& ante
(#i -#im#*& =ne(#e> iam de i))i* no* ad-icit an%or.
nam c#m re*picia* inmen*i tempori* omne
praeterit#m *pati#m& t#m mot#* materiai
m#)timodi (#am *int& -aci)e hoc adcredere po**i*&
*emina *aepe in eodem& #t n#nc *#nt& ordine po*ta
haec eadem& (#i,#* e n#nc no* *#m#*& ante -#i**e.
nec memori tamen id (#im#* reprehendere mente/
inter enim iecta*t 'itai pa#*a 'a%e(#e
deerrar#nt pa**im mot#* a, *en*i,#* omne*.
68
de,et enim& mi*ere *i -orte ae%re(#e -#t#r#m*t/
ip*e (#o(#e e**e in eo t#m tempore& c#i ma)e po**it
accidere. id (#oniam mor* eximit& e**e(#e prohi,et
i))#m c#i po**int incommoda conci)iari&
*cire )icet no,i* nihi) e**e in morte timend#m
nec mi*er#m -ieri (#i non e*t po**e& ne(#e hi)#m
di--erre an n#))o -#erit iam tempore nat#*&
morta)em 'itam mor* c#m inmorta)i* ademit.
7roinde #,i *e 'idea* hominem indi%narier ip*#m&
po*t mortem -ore #t a#t p#te*cat corpore po*to
a#t -)ammi* inter-iat ma)i*'e -erar#m&
*cire )icet non *incer#m *onere at(#e *#,e**e
caec#m a)i(#em cordi *tim#)#m& (#am'i* ne%et ip*e
credere *e (#em(#am *i,i *en*#m in morte -#t#r#m/
non& #t opinor& enim dat (#od promittit et #nde
nec radicit#* e 'ita *e to))it et eicit&
*ed -acit e**e *#i (#iddam *#per in*ci#* ip*e.
'i'#* enim *i,i c#m proponit (#i*(#e -#t#r#m&
corp#* #ti 'o)#cre* )acerent in morte -erae(#e&
ip*e *#i mi*eret/ ne(#e enim *e di'idit i))im
nec remo'et *ati* a proiecto corpore et i))#m
*e -in%it *en*#(#e *#o contaminat a*tan*.
hinc indi%nat#r *e morta)em e**e creat#m
nec 'idet in 'era n#))#m -ore morte a)i#m *e&
(#i po**it 'i'#* *i,i *e )#%ere perempt#m
*tan*(#e iacentem =*e> )acerari #ri'e do)ere.
nam *i in morte ma)#m*t ma)i* mor*#(#e -erar#m
tractari& non in'enio (#i non *it acer,#m
i%ni,#* inpo*it#m ca)idi* torre*cere -)ammi*
a#t in me))e *it#m *#--ocari at(#e ri%ere
-ri%ore& c#m *#mmo %e)idi c#,at ae(#ore *axi&
#r%eri'e *#perne o,r#t#m pondere terrae.
@2am iam non dom#* accipiet te )aeta ne(#e #xor
optima& nec d#)ce* occ#rrent o*c#)a nati
praeripere et tacita pect#* d#)cedine tan%ent.
non poteri* -acti* -)orenti,#* e**e t#i*(#e
prae*idi#m. mi*ero mi*ere@ ai#nt @omnia ademit
#na die* in-e*ta ti,i tot praemia 'itae.@
i))#d in hi* re,#* non add#nt @nec ti,i ear#m
iam de*ideri#m rer#m *#per in*idet #na.@
(#od ,ene *i 'ideant animo dicti*(#e *e(#ant#r&
di**o)#ant animi ma%no *e an%ore met#(#e.
@t# (#idem #t e* )eto *opit#*& *ic eri* ae'i
(#od *#per e*t c#ncti* pri'at#* do)ori,#* ae%ri*/
at no* horri-ico cine-act#m te prope ,#*to
in*atia,i)iter de-)e'im#*& aetern#m(#e
n#))a die* no,i* maerorem e pectore demet.@
i))#d a, hoc i%it#r (#aerend#m e*t& (#id *it amari
tanto opere& ad *omn#m *i re* redit at(#e (#ietem&
c#r (#i*(#am aeterno po**it ta,e*cere )#ct#.
Hoc etiam -aci#nt #,i di*c#,#ere tenent(#e
66
poc#)a *aepe homine* et in#m,rant ora coroni*&
ex animo #t dicant: @,re'i* hic e*t -r#ct#* hom#))i*/
iam -#erit ne(#e po*t #m(#am re'ocare )ice,it.@
tam (#am in morte ma)i c#m primi* hoc *it eor#m&
(#od *iti* ex#rat mi*ero* at(#e arida torrat&
a#t a)iae c#i#* de*ideri#m in*ideat rei.
nec *i,i enim (#i*(#am t#m *e 'itam(#e re(#iret&
c#m pariter men* et corp#* *opita (#ie*c#nt/
nam )icet aetern#m per no* *ic e**e *oporem&
nec de*ideri#m no*tri no* ad-icit #))#m&
et tamen ha#d (#a(#am no*tro* t#nc i))a per art#*
)on%e a, *en*i-eri* primordia moti,#* errant&
c#m corrept#* homo ex *omno *e co))i%it ip*e.
m#)to i%it#r mortem min#* ad no* e**e p#tand#m*t&
*i min#* e**e pote*t (#am (#od nihi) e**e 'idem#*/
maior enim t#r,ae di*iect#* materiai
con*e(#it#r )eto nec (#i*(#am exper%it#* extat&
-ri%ida (#em *eme) e*t 'itai pa#*a *ec#ta.
!eni(#e *i 'ocem rer#m nat#ra repente.
mittat et hoc a)ic#i no*tr#m *ic increpet ip*a:
@(#id ti,i tanto opere*t& morta)i*& (#od nimi* ae%ri*
)#cti,#* ind#)%e*9 (#id mortem con%emi* ac -)e*9
nam =*i> %rata -#it ti,i 'ita ante acta prior(#e
et non omnia pert#*#m con%e*ta (#a*i in 'a*
commoda per-)#xere at(#e in%rata interiere/
c#r non #t p)en#* 'itae con'i'a recedi*
ae(#o animo(#e capi* *ec#ram& *t#)te& (#ietem9
*in ea (#ae -r#ct#* c#m(#e e* periere pro-#*a
'ita(#e in o--en*o*t& c#r amp)i#* addere (#aeri*&
r#r*#m (#od pereat ma)e et in%rat#m occidat omne&
non poti#* 'itae -inem -aci* at(#e )a,ori*9
nam ti,i praeterea (#od machiner in'eniam(#e&
(#od p)aceat& nihi) e*t/ eadem *#nt omnia *emper.
*i ti,i non anni* corp#* iam marcet et art#*
con-ecti )an%#ent& eadem tamen omnia re*tant&
omnia *i per%e* 'i'endo 'incere *aec)a&
at(#e etiam poti#*& *i n#m(#am *i* morit#r#*@&
(#id re*pondem#*& ni*i i#*tam intendere )item
nat#ram et 'eram 'er,i* exponere ca#*am9
%randior hic 'ero *i iam *enior(#e (#erat#r
at(#e o,it#m )amentet#r mi*er amp)i#* ae(#o&
non merito inc)amet ma%i* et 'oce increpet acri:
@a#-er a,hinc )acrima*& ,aratre& et compe*ce (#ere))a*.
omnia per-#nct#* 'itai praemia marce*/
*ed (#ia *emper a'e* (#od a,e*t& prae*entia temni*&
inper-ecta ti,i e)ap*a*t in%rata(#e 'ita&
et nec opinanti mor* ad cap#t ad*titit ante
(#am *at#r ac p)en#* po**i* di*cedere rer#m.
n#nc a)iena t#a tamen aetate omnia mitte
ae(#o animo(#e& a%e d#m& ma%ni* concede nece**i*9@
i#re& #t opinor& a%at& i#re increpet inci)et(#e/
6:
cedit enim rer#m no'itate extr#*a 'et#*ta*
*emper& et ex a)ii* a)i#d reparare nece**e*t.
$ec (#i*(#am in ,aratr#m nec Tartara dedit#r atra/
materie* op#* e*t& #t cre*cant po*tera *aec)a/
(#ae tamen omnia te 'ita per-#ncta *e(#ent#r/
nec min#* er%o ante haec (#am t# cecidere cadent(#e.
*ic a)id ex a)io n#m(#am de*i*tet oriri
'ita(#e mancipio n#))i dat#r& omni,#* #*#.
re*pice item (#am ni) ad no* ante acta 'et#*ta*
tempori* aeterni -#erit& (#am na*cim#r ante.
hoc i%it#r *pec#)#m no,i* nat#ra -#t#ri
tempori* exponit po*t mortem deni(#e no*tram.
n#m(#id i,i horri,i)e apparet& n#m tri*te 'idet#r
(#ic(#am& non omni *omno *ec#ri#* ex*tat9
At(#e ea ni mir#m (#ae c#m(#e Acher#nte pro-#ndo
prodita *#nt e**e& in 'ita *#nt omnia no,i*.
nec mi*er inpenden* ma%n#m timet a.re *ax#m
Tanta)#*& #t -ama*t& ca**a -ormidine torpen*/
*ed ma%i* in 'ita di'om met#* #r%et inani*
morta)i* ca*#m(#e timent (#em c#i(#e -erat -or*.
nec Tityon 'o)#cre* ine#nt Acher#nte iacentem
nec (#od *#, ma%no *cr#tent#r pectore (#ic(#am
perpet#am aetatem po**#nt reperire pro-ecto.
(#am )i,et immani proiect# corpori* ex*tet&
(#i non *o)a no'em di*pe**i* i#%era mem,ri*
optineat& *ed (#i terrai toti#* or,em&
non tamen aetern#m poterit per-erre do)orem
nec prae,ere ci,#m proprio de corpore *emper.
*ed Tityo* no,i* hic e*t& in amore iacentem
(#em 'o)#cre* )acerant at(#e exe*t anxi#* an%or
a#t a)ia (#a'i* *cind#nt c#ppedine c#rae.
;i*yph#* in 'ita (#o(#e no,i* ante oc#)o* e*t&
(#i petere a pop#)o -a*ce* *ae'a*(#e *ec#re*
im,i,it et *emper 'ict#* tri*ti*(#e recedit.
nam petere imperi#m& (#od inane*t nec dat#r #m(#am&
at(#e in eo *emper d#r#m *#--erre )a,orem&
hoc e*t ad'er*o nixantem tr#dere monte
*ax#m& (#od tamen =e> *#mmo iam 'ertice r#*#m
'o)'it#r et p)ani raptim petit ae(#ora campi.
deinde animi in%ratam nat#ram pa*cere *emper
at(#e exp)ere ,oni* re,#* *atiare(#e n#m(#am&
(#od -aci#nt no,i* annor#m tempora& circ#m
c#m rede#nt -et#*(#e -er#nt 'ario*(#e )epore*&
nec tamen exp)em#r 'itai -r#cti,#* #m(#am&
hoc& #t opinor& id e*t& ae'o -)orente p#e))a*
(#od memorant )aticem pert#*#m con%erere in 'a*&
(#od tamen exp)eri n#))a ratione pote*t#r.
<er,er#* et F#riae iam 'ero et )#ci* e%e*ta*&
Tartar#* horri-ero* er#ctan* -a#ci,#* ae*t#*3
(#i ne(#e *#nt #*(#am nec po**#nt e**e pro-ecto/
*ed met#* in 'ita poenar#m pro ma)e -acti*
68
e*t in*i%ni,#* in*i%ni* *ce)eri*(#e )#e)a&
carcer et horri,i)i* de *axo iact#* deor*#m&
'er,era carni-ice* ro,#r pix )ammina taedae/
(#ae tamen et*i a,*#nt& at men* *i,i con*cia -acti*
praemet#en* adhi,et *tim#)o* torret(#e -)a%e))i*&
nec 'idet interea (#i termin#* e**e ma)or#m
po**it nec (#ae *it poenar#m deni(#e -ini*&
at(#e eadem met#it ma%i* haec ne in morte %ra'e*cant.
hic Acher#*ia -it *t#)tor#m deni(#e 'ita.
Hoc etiam ti,i t#te interd#m dicere po**i*.
@)#mina *i* oc#)i* etiam ,on#* Anc#* re)i(#it&
(#i me)ior m#)ti* (#am t# -#it& impro,e& re,#*.
inde a)ii m#)ti re%e* rer#m(#e potente*
occider#nt& ma%ni* (#i %enti,#* imperitar#nt.
i))e (#o(#e ip*e& 'iam (#i (#ondam per mare ma%n#m
*tra'it iter(#e dedit )e%ioni,#* ire per a)t#m
ac pedi,#* *a)*a* doc#it *#per ire )#c#na*
et contemp*it e(#i* in*#)tan* m#rm#ra ponti&
)#mine adempto animam mori,#ndo corpore -#dit.
;cipiada*& ,e))i -#)men& <artha%ini* horror&
o**a dedit terrae proinde ac -am#) in-im#* e**et.
adde repertore* doctrinar#m at(#e )epor#m&
adde He)iconiad#m comite*/ (#or#m #n#* Homer#*
*ceptra potit#* eadem a)ii* *opit#* (#iete*t.
deni(#e !emocrit#m po*t (#am mat#ra 'et#*ta*
admon#it memore* mot#* )an%#e*cere menti*&
*ponte *#a )eto cap#t o,'i#* opt#)it ip*e.
ip*e 5pic#r#* o,it dec#r*o )#mine 'itae&
(#i %en#* h#man#m in%enio *#pera'it et omni*
re*tinxit *te))a* exort#* #t aetheri#* *o).
t# 'ero d#,ita,i* et indi%na,ere o,ire9
mort#a c#i 'ita e*t prope iam 'i'o at(#e 'identi&
(#i *omno partem maiorem conteri* ae'i&
et 'i)i%an* *terti* nec *omnia cernere ce**a*
*o))icitam(#e %eri* ca**a -ormidine mentem
nec reperire pote* ti,i (#id *it *aepe ma)i& c#m
e,ri#* #r%eri* m#)ti* mi*er #ndi(#e c#ri*
at(#e animo incerto -)#itan* errore 'a%ari*.@
;i po**ent homine*& proinde ac *entire 'ident#r
pond#* ine**e animo& (#od *e %ra'itate -ati%et&
e (#i,#* id -iat ca#*i* (#o(#e no*cere et #nde
tanta ma)i tam (#am mo)e* in pectore con*tet&
ha#t ita 'itam a%erent& #t n#nc p)er#m(#e 'idem#*
(#id *i,i (#i*(#e 'e)it ne*cire et (#aerere *emper&
comm#tare )oc#m& (#a*i on#* deponere po**it.
exit *aepe -ora* ma%ni* ex aedi,#* i))e&
e**e domi (#em pertae*#m*t& *#,ito(#e =re'ertit ?&
(#ippe -ori* nihi)o me)i#* (#i *entiat e**e.
c#rrit a%en* manno* ad 'i))am praecipitanter
a#xi)i#m tecti* (#a*i -erre ardenti,#* in*tan*/
o*citat extemp)o& teti%it c#m )imina 'i))ae&
69
a#t a,it in *omn#m %ra'i* at(#e o,)i'ia (#aerit&
a#t etiam properan* #r,em petit at(#e re'i*it.
hoc *e (#i*(#e modo -#%it& at (#em *ci)icet& #t -it&
e--#%ere ha#t poti* e*t: in%rati#* haeret et odit
propterea& mor,i (#ia ca#*am non tenet ae%er/
(#am ,ene *i 'ideat& iam re,#* (#i*(#e re)icti*
nat#ram prim#m *t#deat co%no*cere rer#m&
tempori* aeterni (#oniam& non #ni#* horae&
am,i%it#r *tat#*& in (#o *it morta)i,#* omni*
aeta*& po*t mortem (#ae re*tat c#m(#e manendo.
!eni(#e tanto opere in d#,ii* trepidare peric)i*
(#ae ma)a no* *#,i%it 'itai tanta c#pido9
certe e(#idem -ini* 'itae morta)i,#* ad*tat
nec de'itari )et#m pote& (#in o,eam#*.
praeterea 'er*am#r i,idem at(#e in*#m#* #*(#e
nec no'a 'i'endo proc#dit#r #))a 'o)#pta*/
*ed d#m a,e*t (#od a'em#*& id ex*#perare 'idet#r
cetera/ po*t a)i#d& c#m conti%it i))#d& a'em#*
et *iti* ae(#a tenet 'itai *emper hianti*.
po*tera(#e in d#,io*t -ort#nam (#am 'ehat aeta*&
(#id'e -erat no,i* ca*#* (#i'e exit#* in*tet.
nec pror*#m 'itam d#cendo demim#* hi)#m
tempore de morti* nec de)i,are 'a)em#*&
(#o min#* e**e di# po**im#* -orte perempti.
proinde )icet (#od 'i* 'i'endo condere *aec)a&
mor* aeterna tamen nihi)o min#* i))a mane,it&
nec min#* i))e di# iam non erit& ex hodierno
)#mine (#i -inem 'itai -ecit& et i))e&
men*i,#* at(#e anni* (#i m#)ti* occidit ante.

:0
Liber IV

A'ia 7ierid#m pera%ro )oca n#))i#* ante
trita *o)o. i#'at inte%ro* accedere -onti*
at(#e ha#rire& i#'at(#e no'o* decerpere -)ore*
in*i%nem(#e meo capiti petere inde coronam&
#nde pri#* n#))i 'e)arint tempora m#*ae/
prim#m (#od ma%ni* doceo de re,#* et arti*
re)i%ion#m anim#m nodi* ex*o)'ere per%o&
deinde (#od o,*c#ra de re tam )#cida pan%o
carmina m#*aeo contin%en* c#ncta )epore.
id (#o(#e enim non a, n#))a ratione 'idet#r/
nam 'e) #ti p#eri* a,*inthia taetra medente*
c#m dare conant#r& pri#* ora* poc#)a circ#m
contin%#nt me))i* d#)ci -)a'o(#e )i(#ore&
#t p#eror#m aeta* inpro'ida )#di-icet#r
)a,ror#m ten#*& interea perpotet amar#m
a,*inthi )aticem decepta(#e non capiat#r&
*ed poti#* ta)i -acto recreata 'a)e*cat&
*ic e%o n#nc& (#oniam haec ratio p)er#m(#e 'idet#r
tri*tior e**e (#i,#* non e*t tractata& retro(#e
'o)%#* a,horret a, hac& 'o)#i ti,i *#a'i)o(#enti
carmine 7ierio rationem exponere no*tram
et (#a*i m#*aeo d#)ci contin%ere me))e/
*i ti,i -orte anim#m ta)i ratione tenere
'er*i,#* in no*tri* po**em& d#m percipi* omnem
nat#ram rer#m ac per*enti* #ti)itatem.
;ed (#oniam doc#i c#nctar#m exordia rer#m
(#a)ia *int et (#am 'arii* di*tantia -ormi*
*ponte *#a 'o)itent aeterno percita mot#
(#o(#e modo po**it re* ex hi* (#ae(#e creari&
=n#nc a%ere incipiam ti,i (#od 'ehementer ad ha* re*
attinet e**e ea (#ae rer#m *im#)acra 'ocam#*&
(#ae (#a*i mem,ranae 'e) cortex nominitanda*t&>
at(#e animi (#oniam doc#i nat#ra (#id e**et
et (#i,#* e re,#* c#m corpore compta 'i%eret
(#o'e modo di*tracta rediret in ordia prima&
n#nc a%ere incipiam ti,i& (#od 'ehementer ad ha* re*
attinet e**e ea (#ae rer#m *im#)acra 'ocam#*&
(#od *peciem ac -ormam *imi)em %erit ei#* ima%o&
c#i#* c#m(#e c)#et de corpore -#*a 'a%ari/
(#ae (#a*i mem,ranae *#mmo de corpore rer#m
dereptae 'o)itant #)tro(#e citro(#e per a#ra*&
at(#e eadem no,i* 'i%i)anti,#* o,'ia mente*
terri-icant at(#e in *omni*& c#m *aepe -i%#ra*
cont#im#r mira* *im#)acra(#e )#ce carent#m&
(#ae no* horri-ice )an%#enti* *aepe *opore
excier#nt ne -orte anima* Acher#nte ream#r
e--#%ere a#t #m,ra* inter 'i'o* 'o)itare
ne'e a)i(#id no*tri po*t mortem po**e re)in(#i&
:1
c#m corp#* *im#) at(#e animi nat#ra perempta
in *#a di*ce**#m dederint primordia (#ae(#e.
dico i%it#r rer#m e--i%ia* ten#i*(#e -i%#ra*
mittier a, re,#* *#mmo de cortice eor#m/
id )icet hinc (#am'i* he,eti co%no*cere corde.
7rincipio (#oniam mitt#nt in re,#* aperti*
corpora re* m#)tae& partim di--#*a *o)#te&
ro,ora ce# -#m#m mitt#nt i%ne*(#e 'aporem&
et partim contexta ma%i* conden*a(#e& #t o)im
c#m tereti* pon#nt t#nica* ae*tate cicadae&
et 'it#)i c#m mem,rana* de corpore *#mmo
na*cente* mitt#nt& et item c#m )#,rica *erpen*
ex#it in *pini* 'e*tem/ nam *aepe 'idem#*
i))or#m *po)ii* 'epre* 'o)itanti,#* a#cta*.
(#ae (#oniam -i#nt& ten#i* (#o(#e de,et ima%o
a, re,#* mitti *#mmo de corpore rer#m.
nam c#r i))a cadant ma%i* a, re,#*(#e recedant
(#am (#ae ten'ia *#nt& hi*cendi*t n#))a pote*ta*/
prae*ertim c#m *int in *#mmi* corpora re,#*
m#)ta min#ta& iaci (#ae po**int ordine eodem
(#o -#erint et -ormai *er'are -i%#ram&
et m#)to citi#*& (#anto min#* ind#pediri
pa#ca (#e#nt et =(#ae> *#nt prima -ronte )ocata.
nam certe iacere ac )ar%iri m#)ta 'idem#*&
non *o)#m ex a)to penit#*(#e& #t dixim#* ante&
'er#m de *#mmi* ip*#m (#o(#e *aepe co)orem.
et 'o)%o -aci#nt id )#tea r#**a(#e 'e)a
et -err#%ina& c#m ma%ni* intenta theatri*
per ma)o* 'o)%ata tra,e*(#e trementia -)#tant/
nam(#e i,i con*e**#m ca'eai *#pter et omnem
*caenai *peciem patr#m matr#m(#e deor*#m
in-ici#nt co%#nt(#e *#o -)#itare co)ore.
et (#anto circ#m ma%e *#nt inc)#*a theatri
moenia& tam ma%i* haec int#* per-#*a )epore
omnia conrident correpta )#ce diei.
er%o )intea de *#mmo c#m corpore -#c#m
mitt#nt& e--i%ia* (#o(#e de,ent mittere ten'i*
re* (#ae(#e& ex *#mmo (#oniam iac#)ant#r #tra(#e.
*#nt i%it#r iam -ormar#m 'e*ti%ia certa&
(#ae 'o)%o 'o)itant *#,ti)i praedita -i)o
nec *in%i))atim po**#nt *ecreta 'ideri.
7raeterea omni* odor -#m#* 'apor at(#e a)iae re*
con*imi)e* ideo di--#*ae re,#* a,#ndant&
ex a)to (#ia d#m 'eni#nt extrin*ec#* ortae
*cind#nt#r per iter -)ex#m& nec recta 'iar#m
o*tia *#nt& (#a contendant exire coortae.
at contra ten#i* *#mmi mem,rana co)ori*
c#m iacit#r& nihi) e*t (#od eam di*cerpere po**it&
in prompt# (#oniam e*t in prima -ronte )ocata.
7o*tremo *pec#)i* in a(#a *p)endore(#e in omni
(#ae c#m(#e apparent no,i* *im#)acra& nece**e*t&
:2
(#ando(#idem *imi)i *pecie *#nt praedita rer#m&
exin ima%ini,#* mi**i* con*i*tere eor#m.
=nam c#r i))a cadant ma%i* a, re,#*(#e recedant
(#am (#ae ten#ia *#nt& hi*cendi*t n#))a pote*ta*.>
*#nt i%it#r ten#e* -ormar#m i))i* *imi)e*(#e
e--i%iae& *in%i))atim (#a* cernere nemo
c#m po**it& tamen ad*id#o cre,ro(#e rep#)*#
reiectae redd#nt *pec#)or#m ex ae(#ore 'i*#m&
nec ratione a)ia *er'ari po**e 'ident#r&
tanto opere #t *imi)e* reddant#r c#i(#e -i%#rae.
$#nc a%e& (#am ten#i nat#ra con*tet ima%o
percipe. et in primi*& (#oniam primordia tant#m
*#nt in-ra no*tro* *en*#* tanto(#e minora
(#am (#ae prim#m oc#)i coeptant non po**e t#eri&
n#nc tamen id (#o(#e #ti con-irmem& exordia rer#m
c#nctar#m (#am *int *#,ti)ia percipe pa#ci*.
prim#m anima)ia *#nt iam partim tant#)a& cor#m
tertia par* n#))a po**it ratione 'ideri.
hor#m inte*tin#m (#od'i* (#a)e e**e p#tand#m*t3
(#id cordi* %)o,#* a#t oc#)i9 (#id mem,ra9 (#id art#*9
(#ant#)a *#nt3 (#id praeterea primordia (#ae(#e&
#nde anima at(#e animi con*tet nat#ra nece**#m*t&
nonne 'ide* (#am *int *#,ti)ia (#am(#e min#ta9
praeterea (#aec#m(#e *#o de corpore odorem
expirant acrem& panace* a,*inthia taetra
ha,rotoni(#e %ra'e* et tri*tia centa#rea&
(#or#m #n#m (#id'i* )e'iter *i -orte d#o,#*
A A A
(#in poti#* no*ca* rer#m *im#)acra 'a%ari
m#)ta modi* m#)ti*& n#))a 'i ca**a(#e *en*#9
;ed ne -orte p#te* ea dem#m *o)a 'a%ari&
(#ae c#m(#e a, re,#* rer#m *im#)acra reced#nt&
*#nt etiam (#ae *ponte *#a %i%n#nt#r et ip*a
con*tit##nt#r in hoc cae)o& (#i dicit#r aer&
(#ae m#)ti* -ormata modi* *#,)ime -er#nt#r&
#t n#,e* -aci)e inter d#m concre*cere in a)to
cernim#* et m#ndi *peciem 'io)are *erenam
a.ra m#)cente* mot#/ nam *aepe 1i%ant#m
ora 'o)are 'ident#r et #m,ram d#cere )ate&
inter d#m ma%ni monte* a'o)*a(#e *axa
monti,#* ante ire et *o)em *#ccedere praeter&
inde a)io* trahere at(#e ind#cere ,e)#a nim,o*.
nec *peciem m#tare *#am )i(#entia ce**ant
et c#i#*(#e modi -ormar#m 'ertere in ora*.
$#nc ea (#am -aci)i et ce)eri ratione %enant#r
perpet#o(#e -)#ant a, re,#* )ap*a(#e cedant
A A A
*emper enim *#mm#m (#ic(#id de re,#* a,#ndat&
(#od iac#)ent#r. et hoc a)ia* c#m per'enit in re*&
tran*it& #t in primi* 'e*tem/ *ed #,i a*pera *axa
a#t in materiam )i%ni per'enit& i,i iam
:0
*cindit#r& #t n#))#m *im#)acr#m reddere po**it.
at c#m *p)endida (#ae con*tant oppo*ta -#er#nt
den*a(#e& #t in primi* *pec#)#m e*t& nihi) accidit hor#m/
nam ne(#e& #ti 'e*tem& po**#nt tran*ire& ne(#e a#tem
*cindi/ (#am meminit )e'or prae*tare *a)#tem.
(#a propter -it #t hinc no,i* *im#)acra red#ndent.
et (#am'i* *#,ito (#o'i* in tempore (#am(#e
rem contra *pec#)#m pona*& apparet ima%o/
perpet#o -)#ere #t no*ca* e corpore *#mmo
text#ra* rer#m ten#i* ten#i*(#e -i%#ra*.
er%o m#)ta ,re'i *patio *im#)acra %en#nt#r&
#t merito ce)er hi* re,#* dicat#r ori%o.
et (#a*i m#)ta ,re'i *patio *#mmittere de,et
)#mina *o)& #t perpet#o *int omnia p)ena&
*ic a, re,#* item *imi)i ratione nece**e*t
tempori* in p#ncto rer#m *im#)acra -erant#r
m#)ta modi* m#)ti* in c#ncta* #ndi(#e parti*/
(#ando(#idem *pec#)#m (#o c#m(#e o,'ertim#* ori*&
re* i,i re*pondent *imi)i -orma at(#e co)ore.
7raeterea modo c#m -#erit )i(#idi**ima cae)i
tempe*ta*& per(#am *#,ito -it t#r,ida -oede&
#ndi(#e #ti tene,ra* omni* Acher#nta reari*
)i(#i**e et ma%na* cae)i comp)e**e ca'erna*.
#*(#e adeo taetra nim,or#m nocte coorta
inpendent atrae Formidini* ora *#perne/
(#or#m (#ant#)a par* *it ima%o dicere nemo*t
(#i po**it ne(#e eam rationem reddere dicti*.
$#nc a%e& (#am ce)eri mot# *im#)acra -erant#r&
et (#ae mo,i)ita* o))i* trananti,#* a#ra*
reddita *it& )on%o *patio #t ,re'i* hora terat#r&
in (#em (#ae(#e )oc#m di'er*o n#mine tend#nt&
*#a'idici* poti#* (#am m#)ti* 'er*i,#* edam/
par'#* #t e*t cycni me)ior canor& i))e %r##m (#am
c)amor in aetherii* di*per*#* n#,i,#* a#*tri.
7rincipio per*aepe )e'i* re* at(#e min#ti*
corpori,#* -acta* ce)eri* )icet e**e 'idere.
in (#o iam %enere e*t *o)i* )#x et 'apor ei#*&
propterea (#ia *#nt e primi* -acta min#ti*&
(#ae (#a*i c#d#nt#r per(#e a.ri* inter'a))#m
non d#,itant tran*ire *e(#enti concita p)a%a/
*#ppeditat#r enim con-e*tim )#mine )#men
et (#a*i prote)o *tim#)at#r -#)%ere -#)%#r.
(#a propter *im#)acra pari ratione nece**e*t
inmemora,i)e per *pati#m tran*c#rrere po**e
tempori* in p#ncto& prim#m (#od par'o)a ca#*a
e*t proc#) a ter%o (#ae pro'ehat at(#e prope))at&
(#od *#per e*t& #,i tam 'o)#cri )e'itate -erant#r&
deinde (#od #*(#e adeo text#ra praedita rara
mitt#nt#r& -aci)e #t (#a*'i* penetrare (#eant re*
et (#a*i permanare per a.ri* inter'a))#m.
7raeterea *i (#ae penit#* corp#*c#)a rer#m
:
ex a)to(#e -ora* mitt#nt#r& *o)i* #ti )#x
ac 'apor& haec p#ncto cern#nt#r )ap*a diei
per tot#m cae)i *pati#m di--#ndere *e*e
per(#e 'o)are mare ac terra* cae)#m(#e ri%are.
(#id (#ae *#nt i%it#r iam prima -ronte parata&
c#m iaci#nt#r et emi**#m re* n#))a morat#r9
(#one 'ide* citi#* de,ere et )on%i#* ire
m#)tip)ex(#e )oci *pati#m tran*c#rrere eodem
tempore (#o *o)i* per'o)%ant )#mina cae)#m9
Hoc etiam in primi* *pecimen 'er#m e**e 'idet#r&
(#am ce)eri mot# rer#m *im#)acra -erant#r&
(#od *im#) ac prim#m *#, di# *p)endor a(#ai
ponit#r& extemp)o cae)o *te))ante *erena
*idera re*pondent in a(#a radiantia m#ndi.
iamne 'ide* i%it#r (#am p#ncto tempore ima%o
aetheri* ex ori* in terrar#m accidat ora*9
(#are etiam at(#e etiam mitti -ateare nece**e*t
corpora (#ae -eriant oc#)o* 'i*#m(#e )ace**ant.
perpet#o(#e -)##nt certi* a, re,#* odore*&
-ri%#* #t a -)#'ii*& ca)or a, *o)e& ae*t#* a, #ndi*
ae(#ori*& exe*or moeror#m )itora circ#m&
nec 'ariae ce**ant 'oce* 'o)itare per a#ra*.
deni(#e in o* *a)*i 'enit #mor *aepe *apori*&
c#m mare 'er*am#r propter& di)#ta(#e contra
c#m t#im#r mi*ceri a,*inthia& tan%it amaror.
#*(#e adeo omni,#* a, re,#* re* (#ae(#e -)#enter
-ert#r et in c#ncta* dimittit#r #ndi(#e parti*
nec mora nec re(#ie* interdat#r #))a -)#endi&
perpet#o (#oniam *entim#* et omnia *emper
cernere odorari )icet et *entire *onare.
7raeterea (#oniam mani,#* tractata -i%#ra
in tene,ri* (#aedam co%no*cit#r e**e eadem (#ae
cernit#r in )#ce et c)aro candore& nece**e*t
con*imi)i ca#*a tact#m 'i*#m(#e mo'eri.
n#nc i%it#r *i (#adrat#m temptam#* et id no*
commo'et in tene,ri*& in )#ci (#ae poterit re*
accidere ad *peciem (#adrata& ni*i ei#* ima%o9
e**e in ima%ini,#* (#a propter ca#*a 'idet#r
cern#ndi ne(#e po**e *ine hi* re* #))a 'ideri.
$#nc ea (#ae dico rer#m *im#)acra -er#nt#r
#ndi(#e et in c#ncta* iaci#nt#r didita parti*/
'er#m no* oc#)i* (#ia *o)i* cernere (#im#*&
propterea -it #ti& *peciem (#o 'ertim#*& omne*
re* i,i eam contra -eriant -orma at(#e co)ore.
et (#ant#m (#ae(#e a, no,i* re* a,*it& ima%o
e--icit #t 'ideam#* et interno*cere c#rat/
nam c#m mittit#r& extemp)o protr#dit a%it(#e
a.ra (#i inter *e c#m(#e e*t oc#)o*(#e )ocat#*&
i*(#e ita per no*tra* acie* per)a,it#r omni*
et (#a*i perter%et p#pi))a* at(#e ita tran*it.
propterea -it #ti 'ideam#* (#am proc#) a,*it
:8
re* (#ae(#e. et (#anto p)#* a.ri* ante a%itat#r
et no*tro* oc#)o* perter%et )on%ior a#ra&
tam proc#) e**e ma%i* re* (#ae(#e remota 'idet#r.
*ci)icet haec *#mme ce)eri ratione %er#nt#r&
(#a)e *it #t 'ideam#*& et #na (#am proc#) a,*it.
2))#d in hi* re,#* minime mira,i)e ha,end#m*t&
c#r& ea (#ae -eriant oc#)o* *im#)acra 'ideri
*in%#)a c#m ne(#eant& re* ip*ae per*piciant#r.
'ent#* enim (#o(#e pa#)atim c#m 'er,erat et c#m
acre -)#it -ri%#*& non pri'am (#am(#e *o)em#*
partic#)am 'enti *entire et -ri%ori* ei#*&
*ed ma%i* #nor*#m& -ieri(#e perinde 'idem#*
corpore t#m p)a%a* in no*tro tam (#am a)i(#ae re*
'er,eret at(#e *#i det *en*#m corpori* extra.
praeterea )apidem di%ito c#m t#ndim#*& ip*#m
tan%im#* extrem#m *axi *#mm#m(#e co)orem
nec *entim#* e#m tact#& 'er#m ma%i* ip*am
d#ritiem penit#* *axi *entim#* in a)to.
$#nc a%e& c#r #)tra *pec#)#m 'ideat#r ima%o
percipe: nam certe penit#* remmota 'idet#r.
(#od %en#* i))a -ori* (#ae 'ere tran*pici#nt#r&
ian#a c#m per *e tran*pect#m prae,et apert#m&
m#)ta -acit(#e -ori* ex aedi,#* #t 'ideant#r/
i* (#o(#e enim d#p)ici %emino(#e -it a.re 'i*#*.
prim#* enim citra po*te* t#m cernit#r a.r&
inde -ore* ip*ae dextra )ae'a(#e *ec#nt#r&
po*t extraria )#x oc#)o* perter%et et a.r
a)ter& et i))a -ori* (#ae 'ere tran*pici#nt#r.
*ic #,i *e prim#m *pec#)i proiecit ima%o&
d#m 'enit ad no*tra* acie*& protr#dit a%it(#e
a.ra (#i inter *e c#m(#e*t oc#)o*(#e )ocat#*&
et -acit& #t pri#* h#nc omnem *entire (#eam#*
(#am *pec#)#m/ *ed #,i =in> *pec#)#m (#o(#e *en*im#* ip*#m&
contin#o a no,i* in e#m (#ae -ert#r ima%o
per'enit& et no*tro* oc#)o* reiecta re'i*it
at(#e a)i#m prae *e prope))en* a.ra 'o)'it&
et -acit #t pri#* h#nc (#am *e 'ideam#*& eo(#e
di*tare a, *pec#)o tant#m *emota 'idet#r.
(#are etiam at(#e etiam minime mirarier e*t par
A A A
i))i* (#ae redd#nt *pec#)or#m ex ae(#ore 'i*#m&
a.ri,#* ,ini* (#oniam re* con-it #tra(#e.
$#nc ea (#ae no,i* mem,ror#m dextera par* e*t&
in *pec#)i* -it #t in )ae'a 'ideat#r eo (#od
p)anitiem ad *pec#)i 'enien* c#m o--endit ima%o&
non con'ertit#r inco)#mi*& *ed recta retror*#m
*ic e)idit#r& #t *i(#i*& pri#* arida (#am *it
cretea per*ona& ad)idat pi)ae'e tra,i'e&
at(#e ea contin#o rectam *i -ronte -i%#ram
*er'et et e)i*am retro *e*e exprimat ip*a.
-iet #t& ante oc#)#* -#erit (#i dexter& #t idem
:6
n#nc *it )ae'#* et e )ae'o *it m#t#a dexter.
Fit (#o(#e de *pec#)o in *pec#)#m #t tradat#r ima%o&
(#in(#e etiam =a#t> *ex #t -ieri *im#)acra *#.rint.
nam (#ae c#m(#e retro parte interiore )ate,#nt&
inde tamen& (#am'i* torte penit#*(#e remota&
omnia per -)exo* adit#* ed#cta )ice,it
p)#ri,#* haec *pec#)i* 'ideant#r in aedi,#* e**e.
#*(#e adeo *pec#)o in *pec#)#m tran*)#cet ima%o&
et c#m )ae'a data e*t& -it r#*#m #t dextera -iat&
inde retro r#r*#m redit et con'ertit eodem.
6#in etiam (#ae c#m(#e )at#*c#)a *#nt *pec#)or#m
ad*imi)i )ateri* -)ex#ra praedita no*tri&
dextera ea propter no,i* *im#)acra remitt#nt&
a#t (#ia de *pec#)o in *pec#)#m tran*-ert#r ima%o&
inde ad no* e)i*a ,i* ad'o)at& a#t etiam (#od
circ#m a%it#r& c#m 'enit& ima%o propterea (#od
-)exa -i%#ra docet *pec#)i con'ertier ad no*.
2nd#%redi porro pariter *im#)acra pedem(#e
ponere no,i*c#m creda* %e*t#m(#e imitari
propterea (#ia& de *pec#)i (#a parte receda*&
contin#o ne(#e#nt i))inc *im#)acra re'erti/
omnia (#ando(#idem co%it nat#ra re-erri
ac re*i)ire a, re,#* ad ae(#o* reddita -)ex#*.
;p)endida porro oc#)i -#%itant 'itant(#e t#eri.
*o) etiam caecat& contra *i tendere per%a*&
propterea (#ia 'i* ma%na*t ip*i#* et a)te
a.ra per p#r#m *im#)acra -er#nt#r
et -eri#nt oc#)o* t#r,antia compo*it#ra*.
7raeterea *p)endor (#i c#m(#e e*t acer ad#rit
*aepe oc#)o* ideo (#od *emina po**idet i%ni*
m#)ta& do)orem oc#)i* (#ae %i%n#nt in*in#ando.
)#rida praeterea -i#nt (#ae c#m(#e t#ent#r
ar(#ati& (#ia )#rori* de corpore eor#m
*emina m#)ta -)##nt *im#)acri* o,'ia rer#m&
m#)ta(#e *#nt oc#)i* in eor#m deni(#e mixta&
(#ae conta%e *#a pa))ori,#* omnia pin%#nt.
5 tene,ri* a#tem (#ae *#nt in )#ce t#em#r
propterea (#ia& c#m propior ca)i%ini* a.r
ater init oc#)o* prior et po**edit aperto*&
in*e(#it#r canden* con-e*tim )#cid#* a.r&
(#i (#a*i p#r%at eo* ac ni%ra* di*c#tit #m,ra*
a.ri* i))i#*/ nam m#)ti* parti,#* hic e*t
mo,i)ior m#)ti*(#e min#tior et ma%e po))en*.
(#i *im#) at(#e 'ia* oc#)or#m )#ce rep)e'it
at(#e pate -ecit& (#a* ante o,*ederat a.r
& contin#o rer#m *im#)acra *ec#nt#r&
(#ae *ita *#nt in )#ce& )ace**#nt(#e #t 'ideam#*.
(#od contra -acere in tene,ri* e )#ce ne(#im#*
propterea (#ia po*terior ca)i%ini* a.r
cra**ior in*e(#it#r& (#i c#ncta -oramina comp)et
o,*idit(#e 'ia* oc#)or#m& ne *im#)acra
::
po**int #))ar#m rer#m coniecta mo'eri.
6#adrata*(#e proc#) t#rri* c#m cernim#* #r,i*&
propterea -it #ti 'ideant#r *aepe r#t#ndae&
an%#)#* opt#*#* (#ia )on%e cernit#r omni*
*i'e etiam poti#* non cernit#r ac perit ei#*
p)a%a nec ad no*tra* acie* per)a,it#r ict#*&
a.ra per m#)t#m (#ia d#m *im#)acra -er#nt#r&
co%it he,e*cere e#m cre,ri* o--en*i,#* a.r.
hoc #,i *#--#%it *en*#m *im#) an%#)#* omni*.
-it (#a*i #t ad t#rn#m *axor#m *tr#cta t#ant#r/
non tamen #t coram (#ae *#nt 'ere(#e r#t#nda&
*ed (#a*i ad#m,ratim pa#)#m *im#)ata 'ident#r.
Gm,ra 'idet#r item no,i* in *o)e mo'eri
et 'e*ti%ia no*tra *e(#i %e*t#m(#e imitari&
a.ra *i credi* pri'at#m )#mine po**e
ind#%redi& mot#* homin#m %e*t#m(#e *e(#entem/
nam nihi) e**e pote*t a)i#d ni*i )#mine ca**#*
a.r id (#od no* #m,ram perhi,ere *#.m#*.
ni mir#m& (#ia terra )oci* ex ordine certi*
)#mine pri'at#r *o)i* (#a c#m(#e meante*
o--icim#*& rep)et#r item (#od )i(#im#* ei#*&
propterea -it #ti 'ideat#r& (#ae -#it #m,ra
corpori*& e re%ione eadem no* #*(#e *ec#ta.
*emper enim no'a *e radior#m )#mina -#nd#nt
prima(#e di*pere#nt& (#a*i in i%nem )ana trahat#r.
propterea -aci)e et *po)iat#r )#mine terra
et rep)et#r item ni%ra*(#e *i,i a,)#it #m,ra*.
$ec tamen hic oc#)o* -a))i concedim#* hi)#m.
nam (#o c#m(#e )oco *it )#x at(#e #m,ra t#eri
i))or#m e*t/ eadem 'ero *int )#mina necne&
#m,ra(#e (#ae -#it hic eadem n#nc tran*eat i))#c&
an poti#* -iat pa#)o (#od dixim#* ante&
hoc animi dem#m ratio di*cernere de,et&
nec po**#nt oc#)i nat#ram no*cere rer#m.
proinde animi 'iti#m hoc oc#)i* ad-in%ere no)i.
6#a 'ehim#r na'i& -ert#r& c#m *tare 'idet#r/
(#ae manet in *tatione& ea praeter credit#r ire.
et -#%ere ad p#ppim co))e* campi(#e 'ident#r&
(#o* a%im#* praeter na'em 'e)i*(#e 'o)am#*.
;idera ce**are aetherii* ad-ixa ca'erni*
c#ncta 'ident#r& et ad*id#o *#nt omnia mot#&
(#ando(#idem )on%o* o,it#* exorta re'i*#nt&
c#m permen*a *#o *#nt cae)#m corpore c)aro.
*o)(#e pari ratione manere et )#na 'idet#r
in *tatione& ea (#ae -erri re* indicat ip*a.
5x*tanti*(#e proc#) medio de %#r%ite monti*
c)a**i,#* inter (#o* )i,er patet exit#* in%en*&
in*#)a coni#ncti* tamen ex hi* #na 'idet#r.
atria 'er*ari et circ#m c#r*are co)#mnae
#*(#e adeo -it #ti p#eri* 'ideant#r& #,i ip*i
de*ier#nt 'erti& 'ix #t iam credere po**int
:8
non *#pra *e*e r#ere omnia tecta minari.
2am(#e r#,r#m trem#)i* i#,ar i%ni,#* eri%ere a)te
c#m coeptat nat#ra *#pra(#e exto))ere monte*&
(#o* ti,i t#m *#pra *o) monti* e**e 'idet#r
commin#* ip*e *#o contin%en* -er'id#* i%ni&
'ix a,*#nt no,i* mi**#* ,i* mi))e *a%ittae&
'ix etiam c#r*#* (#in%ento* *aepe 'er#ti/
inter eo* *o)em(#e iacent immania ponti
ae(#ora *#,*trata aetherii* in%enti,#* ori*&
interiecta(#e *#nt terrar#m mi)ia m#)ta&
(#ae 'ariae retinent %ente* et *aec)a -erar#m.
At coniect#* a(#ae di%it#m non a)tior #n#m&
(#i )apide* inter *i*tit per *trata 'iar#m&
de*pect#m prae,et *#, terra* inpete tanto&
a terri* (#ant#m cae)i patet a)t#* hiat#*&
n#,i)a de*picere et cae)#m #t 'ideare 'idere&
corpora mirande *#, terra* a,dita cae)o.
!eni(#e #,i in medio no,i* ec#* acer o,hae*it
-)#mine et in rapida* amni* de*pexim#* #nda*&
*tanti* e(#i corp#* tran*'er*#m -erre 'idet#r
'i* et in ad'er*#m -)#men contr#dere raptim&
et (#o c#m(#e oc#)o* traiecim#* omnia -erri
et -)#ere ad*imi)i no,i* ratione 'ident#r.
7ortic#* ae(#a)i (#am'i* e*t deni(#e d#ct#
*tan*(#e in perpet##m pari,#* *#--#)ta co)#mni*&
)on%a tamen parte a, *#mma c#m tota 'idet#r&
pa#)atim trahit an%#*ti -a*ti%ia coni&
tecta *o)o i#n%en* at(#e omnia dextera )ae'i*
donec in o,*c#r#m coni cond#xit ac#men.
2n pe)a%o na#ti* ex #ndi* ort#* in #ndi*
*o) -it #ti 'ideat#r o,ire et condere )#men/
(#ippe #,i ni) a)i#d ni*i a(#am cae)#m(#e t#ent#r/
ne )e'iter creda* )a,e-actari #ndi(#e *en*#*.
at mari* i%nari* in port# c)a#da 'ident#r
na'i%ia ap)#*tri* -racti* o,nitier #ndi*.
nam (#ae c#m(#e *#pra rorem *a)i* edita par* e*t
remor#m& recta e*t& et recta *#perne %#,erna/
(#ae demer*a )i(#ore o,e#nt& re-racta 'ident#r
omnia con'erti *#r*#m(#e *#pina re'erti
et re-)exa prope in *#mmo -)#itare )i(#ore.
"ara(#e per cae)#m c#m 'enti n#,i)a portant
tempore noct#rno& t#m *p)endida *i%na 'ident#r
)a,ier ad'er*#m nim,o* at(#e ire *#perne
)on%e a)iam in partem ac 'era ratione -er#nt#r
At *i -orte oc#)o man#* #ni *#,dita *#pter
pre**it e#m& (#odam *en*# -it #ti 'ideant#r
omnia (#ae t#im#r -ieri t#m ,ina t#endo&
,ina )#cernar#m -)orentia )#mina -)ammi*
,ina(#e per tota* aedi* %eminare *#pe))ex
et d#p)ici* homin#m -acie* et corpora ,ina.
!eni(#e c#m *#a'i de'inxit mem,ra *opore
:9
*omn#* et in *#mma corp#* iacet omne (#iete&
t#m 'i%i)are tamen no,i* et mem,ra mo'ere
no*tra 'idem#r& et in nocti* ca)i%ine caeca
cernere cen*em#* *o)em )#men(#e di#rn#m&
conc)#*o(#e )oco cae)#m mare -)#mina monti*
m#tare et campo* pedi,#* tran*ire 'idem#r&
et *onit#* a#dire& *e'era *i)entia nocti*
#ndi(#e c#m con*tent& et reddere dicta tacente*.
<etera de %enere hoc mirande m#)ta 'idem#*&
(#ae 'io)are -idem (#a*i *en*i,#* omnia (#aer#nt&
ne (#i(#am& (#oniam par* hor#m maxima -a))it
propter opinat#* animi& (#o* addim#* ip*i&
pro 'i*i* #t *int (#ae non *#nt *en*i,#* 'i*a/
nam nihi) ae%ri#* e*t (#am re* *ecernere aperta*
a, d#,ii*& anim#* (#a* a, *e protin#* addit.
!eni(#e ni) *ciri *i(#i* p#tat& id (#o(#e ne*cit
an *ciri po**it& (#oniam ni) *cire -atet#r.
h#nc i%it#r contra min#am contendere ca#*am&
(#i capite ip*e *#o in *tat#it 'e*ti%ia *e*e.
et tamen hoc (#o(#e #ti concedam *cire& at id ip*#m
(#aeram& c#m in re,#* 'eri ni) 'iderit ante&
#nde *ciat (#id *it *cire et ne*cire 'ici**im&
notitiam 'eri (#ae re* -a)*i(#e crearit
et d#,i#m certo (#ae re* di--erre pro,arit.
in'enie* primi* a, *en*i,#* e**e creatam
notitiem 'eri ne(#e *en*#* po**e re-e))i.
nam maiore -ide de,et reperirier i))#d&
*ponte *#a 'eri* (#od po**it 'incere -a)*a.
(#id maiore -ide porro (#am *en*#* ha,eri
de,et9 an a, *en*# -a)*o ratio orta 'a)e,it
dicere eo* contra& (#ae tota a, *en*i,#* orta e*t9
(#i ni*i *#nt 'eri& ratio (#o(#e -a)*a -it omni*.
An poter#nt oc#)o* a#re* reprehendere& an a#re*
tact#*9 an h#nc porro tact#m *apor ar%#et ori*&
an con-#ta,#nt nare* oc#)i'e re'incent9
non& #t opinor& ita e*t. nam *eor*#m c#i(#e pote*ta*
di'i*a*t& *#a 'i* c#i(#e*t& ideo(#e nece**e e*t
et (#od mo))e *it et %e)id#m -er'en*'e 'idere
et *eor*#m 'ario* rer#m *entire co)ore*
et (#ae c#m(#e co)ori,#* *int coni#ncta nece**e*t.
*eor*#* item *apor ori* ha,et 'im& *eor*#* odore*
na*c#nt#r& *eor*#m *onit#*. ideo(#e nece**e e*t
non po**int a)io* a)ii con'incere *en*#*.
nec porro poter#nt ip*i reprehendere *e*e&
ae(#a -ide* (#oniam de,e,it *emper ha,eri.
proinde (#od in (#o(#e*t hi* 'i*#m tempore& 'er#m*t.
5t *i non poterit ratio di**o)'ere ca#*am&
c#r ea (#ae -#erint i#xtim (#adrata& proc#) *int
'i*a r#t#nda& tamen prae*tat rationi* e%entem
reddere mendo*e ca#*a* #tri#*(#e -i%#rae&
(#am mani,#* mani-e*ta *#i* emittere (#o(#am
80
et 'io)are -idem primam et con'e))ere tota
-#ndamenta (#i,#* nixat#r 'ita *a)#*(#e.
non modo enim ratio r#at omni*& 'ita (#o(#e ip*a
concidat extemp)o& ni*i credere *en*i,#* a#*i*
praecipiti*(#e )oco* 'itare et cetera (#ae *int
in %enere hoc -#%ienda& *e(#i contraria (#ae *int.
i))a ti,i e*t i%it#r 'er,or#m copia ca**a
omni*& (#ae contra *en*#* in*tr#cta parata*t.
!eni(#e #t in -a,rica& *i pra'a*t re%#)a prima&
norma(#e *i -a))ax recti* re%ioni,#* exit&
et )i,e))a a)i(#a *i ex parti c)a#dicat hi)#m&
omnia mendo*e -ieri at(#e o,*tipa nece**# e*t
pra'a c#,antia prona *#pina at(#e a,*ona tecta&
iam r#ere #t (#aedam 'ideant#r 'e))e& r#ant(#e
prodita i#dicii* -a))aci,#* omnia primi*&
*ic i%it#r ratio ti,i rer#m pra'a nece**e*t
-a)*a(#e *it& -a)*i* (#ae c#m(#e a, *en*i,#* orta*t.
$#nc a)ii *en*#* (#o pacto (#i*(#e *#am rem
*entiat& ha#d (#a(#am ratio *cr#po*a re)icta e*t.
7rincipio a#dit#r *on#* et 'ox omni*& in a#ri*
in*in#ata *#o pep#)ere #,i corpore *en*#m.
corpoream (#o(#e enim ='ocem> con*tare -atend#m*t
et *onit#m& (#oniam po**#nt inpe))ere *en*#*.
7raeterea radit 'ox -a#ce* *aepe -acit(#e
a*periora -ora* %radien* arteria c)amor&
(#ippe per an%#*t#m t#r,a maiore coorta
ire -ora* #,i coeper#nt primordia 'oc#m.
*ci)icet exp)eti* (#o(#e ian#a radit#r ori*.
ha#d i%it#r d#,i#m*t (#in 'oce* 'er,a(#e con*tent
corporei* e principii*& #t )aedere po**int.
nec te -a))it item (#id corpori* a#-erat et (#id
detrahat ex homin#m ner'i* ac 'iri,#* ip*i*
perpet##* *ermo ni%rai nocti* ad #m,ram
a#rorae perd#ct#* a, exoriente nitore&
prae*ertim *i c#m *#mmo*t c)amore pro-#*#*.
er%o corpoream 'ocem con*tare nece**e*t&
m#)ta )o(#en* (#oniam amittit de corpore partem.
A*perita* a#tem 'oci* -it a, a*peritate
principior#m et item )e'or )e'ore creat#r/
nec *imi)i penetrant a#ri* primordia -orma&
c#m t#,a depre**o %ra'iter *#, m#rm#re m#%it
et re,oat ra#c#m retro cita ,ar,ita ,om,#m&
et =iam> !a#)iade* natae horti* ex He)iconi*
c#m )i(#idam to))#nt )#%#,ri 'oce (#ere))am.
Ha*ce i%it#r penit#* 'oce* c#m corpore no*tro
exprimim#* recto(#e -ora* emittim#* ore&
mo,i)i* artic#)at ner'or#m daeda)a )in%#a&
-ormat#ra(#e )a,ror#m pro parte -i%#rat.
hoc #,i non )on%#m *pati#m*t #nde i))a pro-ecta
per'eniat 'ox (#ae(#e& nece**e*t 'er,a (#o(#e ip*a
p)ane exa#diri di*cerni(#e artic#)atim/
81
*er'at enim -ormat#ram *er'at(#e -i%#ram.
at *i inter po*it#m *pati#m *it )on%i#* ae(#o&
a.ra per m#)t#m con-#ndi 'er,a nece**e*t
et cont#r,ari 'ocem& d#m tran*'o)at a#ra*.
er%o -it& *onit#m #t po**i* *entire ne(#e i))am
interno*cere& 'er,or#m *ententia (#ae *it/
#*(#e adeo con-#*a 'enit 'ox in(#e pedita.
7raeterea 'er,#m *aepe #n#m perciet a#ri*
omni,#* in pop#)o mi**#m praeconi* a, ore.
in m#)ta* i%it#r 'oce* 'ox #na repente
di--#%it& in pri'a* (#oniam *e di'idit a#ri*
o,*i%nan* -ormam 'er,i* c)ar#m(#e *onorem.
at (#ae par* 'oc#m non a#ri* incidit ip*a*&
praeter )ata perit -r#*tra di--#*a per a#ra*.
par* *o)idi* ad)i*a )oci* reiecta *onorem
reddit et inter d#m -r#*trat#r ima%ine 'er,i.
6#ae ,ene c#m 'idea*& rationem reddere po**i*
t#te ti,i at(#e a)ii*& (#o pacto per )oca *o)a
*axa pari* -orma* 'er,or#m ex ordine reddant.
pa)anti* comite* com monti* inter opaco*
(#aerim#* et ma%na di*per*o* 'oce ciem#*.
*ex etiam a#t *eptem )oca 'idi reddere 'oci*&
#nam c#m iacere*: ita co))e* co))i,#* ip*i
'er,a rep#)*ante* itera,ant dicta re-erri.
haec )oca capripede* ;atyro* $ympha*(#e tenere
-initimi -in%#nt et Fa#no* e**e )oc#nt#r&
(#or#m nocti'a%o *trepit# )#do(#e iocanti
ad-irmant 'o)%o tacit#rna *i)entia r#mpi
chordar#m(#e *ono* -ieri d#)ci*(#e (#ere))a*&
ti,ia (#a* -#ndit di%iti* p#)*ata canent#m&
et %en#* a%rico)#m )ate *enti*cere& (#om 7an
pinea *emi-eri capiti* 'e)amina (#a**an*
#nco *aepe )a,ro ca)amo* perc#rrit hianti*&
-i*t#)a *i)'e*trem ne ce**et -#ndere m#*am.
cetera de %enere hoc mon*tra ac portenta )o(#ont#r&
ne )oca de*erta a, di'i* (#o(#e -orte p#tent#r
*o)a tenere. ideo iactant mirac#)a dicti*
a#t a)i(#a ratione a)ia d#c#nt#r& #t omne
h#man#m %en#* e*t a'id#m nimi* a#ric#)ar#m.
6#od *#per e*t& non e*t mirand#m (#a ratione&
per )oca (#ae ne(#e#nt oc#)i re* cernere aperta*&
haec )oca per 'oce* 'eniant a#ri*(#e )ace**ant&
con)o(#i#m c)a#*i* -ori,#* (#o(#e *aepe 'idem#*/
ni mir#m (#ia 'ox per -)exa -oramina rer#m
inco)#mi* tran*ire pote*t& *im#)acra ren#tant/
per*cind#nt#r enim& ni*i recta -oramina tranant&
(#a)ia *#nt 'itrei& *pecie* (#a tra'o)at omni*.
praeterea parti* in c#ncta* di'idit#r 'ox&
ex a)ii* a)iae (#oniam %i%n#nt#r& #,i #na
di**#)#it *eme) in m#)ta* exorta& (#a*i i%ni*
*aepe *o)et *cinti))a *#o* *e *par%ere in i%ni*.
82
er%o rep)ent#r )oca 'oci,#* a,dita retro&
omnia (#ae circ#m -er'#nt *onit#(#e cient#r.
at *im#)acra 'ii* derecti* omnia tend#nt&
#t *#nt mi**a *eme)/ (#a propter cernere nemo
*aepe *#pra poti* e*t& at 'oce* accipere extra.
et tamen ip*a (#o(#e haec& d#m tran*it c)a#*a =domor#m ?
'ox opt#ndit#r at(#e a#ri* con-#*a penetrat
et *onit#m poti#* (#am 'er,a a#dire 'idem#r.
Hoc& (#i *entim#* *#c#m& )in%#a at(#e pa)at#m
p)#*c#)#m ha,ent in *e rationi*& p)#* operai.
principio *#c#m *entim#* in ore& ci,#m c#m
mandendo exprimim#*& ce# p)enam *pon%iam a(#ai
*i(#i* -orte man# premere ac *iccare co.pit.
inde (#od exprimim#* per ca#)a* omne pa)ati
didit#r et rarae per -)exa -oramina )in%#ae&
hoc #,i )e'ia *#nt mananti* corpora *#ci&
*#a'iter attin%#nt et *#a'iter omnia tractant
#mida )in%#ai circ#m *#dantia temp)a/
at contra p#n%#nt *en*#m )acerant(#e coorta&
(#anto (#ae(#e ma%i* *#nt a*peritate rep)eta.
deinde 'o)#pta* e*t e *#co -ine pa)ati/
c#m 'ero deor*#m per -a#ce* praecipita'it&
n#))a 'o)#pta* e*t& d#m didit#r omni* in art#*/
nec re-ert (#ic(#am (#o 'ict# corp#* a)at#r&
d#m modo (#od capia* concoct#m didere po**i*
art#,#* et *tomachi t#mid#m *er'are tenorem.
$#nc a)ii* a)i#* (#i *it ci,#* #t 'ideam#*&
expediam& (#are'e& a)ii* (#od tri*te et amar#m*t&
hoc tamen e**e a)ii* po**it perd#)ce 'ideri&
tanta(#e =in> hi* re,#* di*tantia di--erita*(#e e*t&
#t (#od a)ii* ci,#* e*t a)ii* -#at acre 'enen#m/
e*t ita(#e #t *erpen*& homini* (#ae tacta *a)i'i*
di*perit ac *e*e mandendo con-icit ip*a.
praeterea no,i* 'eratr#m e*t acre 'enen#m&
at capri* adipe* et coct#rnici,#* a#%et.
id (#i,#* #t -iat re,#* co%no*cere po**i*&
principio memini**e decet (#ae dixim#* ante&
*emina m#)timodi* in re,#* mixta teneri.
porro omne* (#ae c#m(#e ci,#m capi#nt animante*&
#t *#nt di**imi)e* extrin*ec#* et %eneratim
extima mem,ror#m circ#mcae*#ra co.rcet&
proinde et *emini,#* con*tant 'ariant(#e -i%#ra.
*emina c#m porro di*tent& di--erre nece**e*t
inter'a))a 'ia*(#e& -oramina (#ae perhi,em#*&
omni,#* in mem,ri* et in ore ip*o(#e pa)ato.
e**e minora i%it#r (#aedam maiora(#e de,ent&
e**e tri(#etra a)ii*& a)ii* (#adrata nece**e*t&
m#)ta r#t#nda& modi* m#)ti* m#)tan%#)a (#aedam.
nam(#e -i%#rar#m ratio #t mot#*(#e repo*c#nt&
proinde -oramini,#* de,ent di--ere -i%#rae
et 'ariare 'iae proinde ac text#ra co.rcet.
80
hoc #,i (#od *#a'e e*t a)ii* a)ii* -it amar#m&
i))i& c#i *#a'e e*t& )e'i**ima corpora de,ent
contracta,i)iter ca#)a* intrare pa)ati&
at contra (#i,#* e*t eadem re* int#* acer,a&
a*pera ni mir#m penetrant hamata(#e -a#ce*.
n#nc -aci)e e*t ex hi* re,#* co%no*cere (#ae(#e.
(#ippe #,i c#i -e,ri* ,i)i *#perante coorta e*t
a#t a)ia ratione a)i(#a*t 'i* excita mor,i&
pert#r,at#r i,i iam tot#m corp#* et omne*
comm#tant#r i,i po*it#rae principior#m/
-it pri#* ad *en*#m =#t> (#ae corpora con'enie,ant
n#nc non con'eniant& et cetera *int ma%i* apta&
(#ae penetrata (#e#nt *en*#m pro%i%nere acer,#m/
#tra(#e enim *#nt in me))i* commixta *apore/
id (#od iam *#pera ti,i *aepe o*tendim#* ante.
$#nc a%e& (#o pacto nari* adiect#* odori*
tan%at a%am. prim#m re* m#)ta* e**e nece**e*t
#nde -)#en* 'o)'at 'ari#* *e -)#ct#* odor#m&
et -)#ere et mitti 'o)%o *par%i(#e p#tand#m*t/
'er#m a)ii* a)i#* ma%i* e*t animanti,#* apt#*&
di**imi)i* propter -orma*. ideo(#e per a#ra*
me))i* ape* (#am'i* )on%e d#c#nt#r odore&
'o)t#rii(#e cada'eri,#*/ t#m -i**a -erar#m
#n%#)a (#o t#)erit %re**#m promi**a can#m 'i*
d#cit& et h#man#m )on%e prae*entit odorem
"om#)idar#m arci* *er'ator& candid#* an*er.
*ic a)ii* a)i#* nidor dat#* ad *#a (#em(#e
pa,#)a d#cit et a taetro re*i)ire 'eneno
co%it& eo(#e modo *er'ant#r *aec)a -erar#m.
Hic odor ip*e i%it#r& nari* (#i c#m(#e )ace**it&
e*t a)io #t po**it permitti )on%i#* a)ter/
*ed tamen ha#d (#i*(#am tam )on%e -ert#r eor#m
(#am *onit#*& (#am 'ox& mitto iam dicere (#am re*
(#ae -eri#nt oc#)or#m acie* 'i*#m(#e )ace**#nt.
erra,#nd#* enim tarde 'enit ac perit ante
pa#)atim -aci)i* di*tract#* in a.ri* a#ra*/
ex a)to prim#m (#ia 'ix emittit#r ex re/
nam penit#* -)#ere at(#e recedere re,#* odore*
*i%ni-icat (#od -racta ma%i* redo)ere 'ident#r
omnia& (#od contrita& (#od i%ni con)a,e-acta.
deinde 'idere )icet maiori,#* e**e creat#m
principii* (#am 'ox& (#oniam per *axea *aepta
non penetrat& (#a 'ox 'o)%o *onit#*(#e -er#nt#r.
(#are etiam (#od o)et non tam -aci)e e**e 'ide,i*
in'e*ti%are in (#a *it re%ione )ocat#m/
re-ri%e*cit enim c#nctando p)a%a per a#ra*
nec ca)ida ad *en*#m dec#rr#nt n#ntia rer#m.
errant *aepe cane* ita(#e et 'e*ti%ia (#aer#nt.
$ec tamen hoc *o)i* in odori,#* at(#e *apor#m
in %enere*t& *ed item *pecie* rer#m at(#e co)ore*
non ita con'eni#nt ad *en*#* omni,#* omne*&
8
#t non *int a)ii* (#aedam ma%i* acria 'i*#.
(#in etiam %a))#m noctem exp)a#denti,#* a)i*
a#roram c)ara con*#et#m 'oce 'ocare&
noen# (#e#nt rapidi contra con*tare )eone*
in(#e t#eri: ita contin#o meminere -#%ai.
ni mir#m (#ia *#nt %a))or#m in corpore (#aedam
*emina& (#ae c#m *#nt oc#)i* inmi**a )eon#m&
p#pi))a* inter-odi#nt acrem(#e do)orem
prae,ent& #t ne(#eant contra d#rare -eroce*&
c#m tamen haec no*tra* acie* ni) )aedere po**int&
a#t (#ia non penetrant a#t (#od penetranti,#* i))i*
exit#* ex oc#)i* )i,er dat#r& in remorando
)aedere ne po**int ex #))a )#mina parte.
$#nc a%e& (#ae mo'eant anim#m re* accipe& et #nde
(#ae 'eni#nt 'eniant in mentem percipe pa#ci*.
principio hoc dico& rer#m *im#)acra 'a%ari
m#)ta modi* m#)ti* in c#ncta* #ndi(#e parti*
ten'ia& (#ae -aci)e inter *e i#n%#nt#r in a#ri*&
o,'ia c#m 'eni#nt& #t aranea ,rattea(#e a#ri.
(#ippe etenim m#)to ma%i* haec *#nt ten'ia text#
(#am (#ae percipi#nt oc#)o* 'i*#m(#e )ace**#nt&
corpori* haec (#oniam penetrant per rara cient(#e
ten#em animi nat#ram int#* *en*#m(#e )ace**#nt.
<enta#ro* ita(#e et ;cy))ar#m mem,ra 'idem#*
<er,erea*(#e can#m -acie* *im#)acra(#e eor#m
(#or#m morte o,ita te))#* amp)ectit#r o**a/
omni%en#* (#oniam pa**im *im#)acra -er#nt#r&
partim *ponte *#a (#ae -i#nt a.re in ip*o&
partim (#ae 'arii* a, re,#* c#m(#e reced#nt
et (#ae con-i#nt ex hor#m -acta -i%#ri*.
nam certe ex 'i'o <enta#ri non -it ima%o&
n#))a -#it (#oniam ta)i* nat#ra animata/
'er#m #,i e(#i at(#e homini* ca*# con'enit ima%o&
haere*cit -aci)e extemp)o& (#od dixim#* ante&
propter *#,ti)em nat#ram et ten'ia texta.
cetera de %enere hoc eadem ratione creant#r.
(#ae c#m mo,i)iter *#mma )e'itate -er#nt#r&
#t pri#* o*tendi& -aci)e #no commo'et ict#
(#ae )i,et #na anim#m no,i* *#,ti)i* ima%o/
ten'i* enim men* e*t et mire mo,i)i* ip*a.
haec -ieri #t memoro& -aci)e hinc co%no*cere po**i*.
(#atin#* hoc *imi)e e*t i))i& (#od mente 'idem#*
at(#e oc#)i*& *imi)i -ieri ratione nece**e*t.
$#nc i%it#r doc#i (#oniam me -orte )eon#m
cernere per *im#)acra& oc#)o* (#ae c#m(#e )ace**#nt&
*cire )icet mentem *imi)i ratione mo'eri
per *im#)acra )eon#m =et> cetera (#ae 'idet ae(#e
nec min#* at(#e oc#)i& ni*i (#od ma%e ten'ia cernit.
nec ratione a)ia& c#m *omn#* mem,ra pro-#dit&
men* animi 'i%i)at& ni*i (#od *im#)acra )ace**#nt
haec eadem no*tro* animo* (#ae c#m 'i%i)am#*&
88
#*(#e adeo& certe #t 'ideam#r cernere e#m (#em
re))icta 'ita iam mor* et terra potita*t.
hoc ideo -ieri co%it nat#ra& (#od omne*
corpori* o--ecti *en*#* per mem,ra (#ie*c#nt
nec po**#nt -a)*#m 'eri* con'incere re,#*.
praeterea memini**e iacet )an%#et(#e *opore&
nec di**entit e#m morti* )eti(#e potit#m
iam pridem& (#em men* 'i'om *e cernere credit.
(#od *#per e*t& non e*t mir#m *im#)acra mo'eri
,racchia(#e in n#mer#m iactare et cetera mem,ra/
nam -it #t in *omni* -acere hoc 'ideat#r ima%o.
(#ippe& #,i prima perit a)io(#e e*t a)tera nata
inde *tat#& prior hic %e*t#m m#ta**e 'idet#r.
*ci)icet id -ieri ce)eri ratione p#tand#m*t:
tanta e*t mo,i)ita* et rer#m copia tanta
tanta(#e *en*i,i)i (#o'i* e*t tempore in #no
copia partic#)ar#m& #t po**it *#ppeditare.
M#)ta(#e in hi* re,#* (#aer#nt#r m#)ta(#e no,i*
c)arand#m*t& p)ane *i re* exponere a'em#*.
(#aerit#r in primi* (#are& (#od c#i(#e )i,ido
'enerit& extemp)o men* co%itet ei#* id ip*#m.
anne 'o)#ntatem no*tram *im#)acra t#ent#r
et *im#) ac 'o)#m#* no,i* occ#rrit ima%o&
*i mare& *i terram cordi*t& *i deni(#e cae)#m9
con'ent#* homin#m& pompam& con'i'ia& p#%na*&
omnia *#, 'er,one creat nat#ra parat(#e9
c#m prae*ertim a)ii* eadem in re%ione )oco(#e
)on%e di**imi)i* anim#* re* co%itet omni*.
(#id porro& in n#mer#m procedere c#m *im#)acra
cernim#* in *omni* et mo))ia mem,ra mo'ere&
mo))ia mo,i)iter c#m a)terni* ,racchia mitt#nt
et repet#nt oc#)i* %e*t#m pede con'enienti9
*ci)icet arte madent *im#)acra et docta 'a%ant#r&
noct#rno -acere #t po**int in tempore )#do*.
an ma%i* i))#d erit 'er#m9 (#ia tempore in #no&
c#m *entim#*& id e*t c#m 'ox emittit#r #na&
tempora m#)ta )atent& ratio (#ae comperit e**e&
propterea -it #ti (#o'i* in tempore (#ae(#e
prae*to *int *im#)acra )oci* in (#i*(#e parata.
tanta e*t mo,i)ita* et rer#m copia tanta.
hoc #,i prima perit a)io(#e e*t a)tera nata
inde *tat#& prior hic %e*t#m m#ta**e 'idet#r.
et (#ia ten'ia *#nt& ni*i (#ae contendit& ac#te
cernere non poti* e*t anim#*/ proinde omnia (#ae *#nt
praeterea pere#nt& ni*i (#ae ex *e=*e> ip*e para'it.
ip*e parat *e*e porro *perat(#e -#t#r#m
#t 'ideat (#od con*e(#it#r rem (#am(#e: -it er%o.
nonne 'ide* oc#)o* etiam& c#m ten'ia (#ae *#nt
=praeterea pere#nt& ni*i (#ae ex *e ip*e para'it>
cernere coeper#nt& contendere *e at(#e parare&
nec *ine eo -ieri po**e #t cernam#* ac#te9
86
et tamen in re,#* (#o(#e aperti* no*cere po**i*&
*i non ad'erta* anim#m& proinde e**e (#a*i omni
tempore *emot#m -#erit )on%e(#e remot#m.
c#r i%it#r mir#m*t& anim#* *i cetera perdit
praeter (#am (#i,#* e*t in re,#* dedit#* ip*e9
deinde adopinam#r de *i%ni* maxima par'i*
ac no* in -ra#dem ind#im#* -r#*tramini* ip*i.
Fit (#o(#e #t inter d#m non *#ppeditet#r ima%o
ei#*dem %eneri*& *ed -emina (#ae -#it ante&
in mani,#* 'ir #ti -act#* 'ideat#r ade**e&
a#t a)ia ex a)ia -acie* aeta*(#e *e(#at#r.
(#od ne mirem#r *opor at(#e o,)i'ia c#rant.
2))#d in hi* re,#* 'iti#m 'ehementer Dine**e
e--#%ere errorem 'itare(#e praemet#enter&
)#mina ne -acia* oc#)or#m c)ara creata&
pro*picere #t po**im#*& et #t pro-erre (#eam#*
procero* pa**#*& ideo -a*ti%ia po**e
*#rar#m ac -emin#m pedi,#* -#ndata p)icari&
,racchia t#m porro 'a)idi* ex apta )acerti*
e**e man#*(#e data* #tra(#e =ex> parte mini*tra*&
#t -acere ad 'itam po**em#* (#ae -oret #*#*.
cetera de %enere hoc inter (#ae c#m(#e pretant#r&
omnia per'er*a praepo*tera *#nt ratione&
ni) ideo (#oniam nat#m*t in corpore #t #ti
po**em#*& *ed (#od nat#m*t id procreat #*#m.
nec -#it ante 'idere oc#)or#m )#mina nata&
nec dicti* orare pri#* (#am )in%#a creata*t&
*ed poti#* )on%e )in%#ae praece**it ori%o
*ermonem m#)to(#e creatae *#nt pri#* a#re*
(#am *on#* e*t a#dit#*& et omnia deni(#e mem,ra
ante -#ere& #t opinor& eor#m (#am -oret #*#*/
ha#d i%it#r pot#ere #tendi cre*cere ca#*a.
at contra con-erre man# certamina p#%nae
et )acerare art#* -oedare(#e mem,ra cr#ore
ante -#it m#)to (#am )#cida te)a 'o)arent&
et 'o)n#* 'itare pri#* nat#ra co.%it
(#am daret o,iect#m parmai )ae'a per artem.
*ci)icet et -e**#m corp#* mandare (#ieti
m#)to anti(#i#* e*t (#am )ecti mo))ia *trata&
et *edare *itim pri#* e*t (#am poc#)a nat#m.
haec i%it#r po**#nt #tendi co%nita ca#*a
credier& ex #*# (#ae *#nt 'ita(#e reperta.
i))a (#idem *eor*#m *#nt omnia& (#ae pri#* ip*a
nata dedere *#ae po*t notitiam #ti)itati*.
(#o %enere in primi* *en*#* et mem,ra 'idem#*/
(#are etiam at(#e etiam proc#) e*t #t credere po**i*
#ti)itati* o, o--ici#m pot#i**e creari.
2))#d item non e*t mirand#m& corpori* ip*a
(#od nat#ra ci,#m (#aerit c#i#*(#e animanti*.
(#ippe etenim -)#ere at(#e recedere corpora re,#*
m#)ta modi* m#)ti* doc#i& *ed p)#rima de,ent
8:
ex anima)i,#*/ =(#ae> (#ia *#nt exercita mot#&
m#)ta per o* exha)ant#r& c#m )an%#ida anhe)ant&
m#)ta(#e per *#dorem ex a)to pre**a -er#nt#r.
hi* i%it#r re,#* rare*cit corp#* et omni*
*#,r#it#r nat#ra& do)or (#am con*e(#it#r rem.
propterea capit#r ci,#*& #t *#--#)ciat art#*
et recreet 'ire* inter dat#*& at(#e patentem
per mem,ra ac 'ena* #t amorem opt#ret edendi.
#mor item di*cedit in omnia (#ae )oca c#m(#e
po*c#nt #morem/ %)omerata(#e m#)ta 'apori*
corpora& (#ae *tomacho prae,ent incendia no*tro&
di**#pat ad'enien* )i(#or ac re*tin%#it #t i%nem&
#rere ne po**it ca)or amp)i#* arid#* art#*.
*ic i%it#r ti,i anhe)a *iti* de corpore no*tro
a,)#it#r& *ic exp)et#r iei#na c#pido.
$#nc (#i -iat #ti pa**#* pro-erre (#eam#*&
c#m 'o)#m#*& (#are(#e dat#m *it mem,ra mo'ere
et (#ae re* tant#m hoc oneri* protr#dere no*tri
corpori* in*#erit& dicam: t# percipe dicta.
dico animo no*tro prim#m *im#)acra meandi
accidere at(#e anim#m p#)*are& #t dixim#* ante.
inde 'o)#nta* -it/ ne(#e enim -acere incipit #))am
rem (#i*(#am& =(#am> men* pro'idit (#id 'e)it ante.
id (#od pro'idet& i))i#* rei con*tat ima%o&
er%o anim#* c#m *e*e ita commo'et #t 'e)it ire
in(#e %redi& -erit extemp)o (#ae in corpore toto
per mem,ra at(#e art#* animai di**ita 'i* e*t/
et -aci)e*t -act#& (#oniam coni#ncta tenet#r.
inde ea proporro corp#* -erit& at(#e ita tota
pa#)atim mo)e* protr#dit#r at(#e mo'et#r.
praeterea t#m rare*cit (#o(#e corp#* et a.r&
*ci)icet #t de,et (#i *emper mo,i)i* extat&
per pate-acta 'enit penetrat(#e -oramina )ar%#*&
et di*par%it#r ad parti* ita (#a*(#e min#ta*
corpori*. hic i%it#r re,#* -it #trim(#e d#a,#*&
corp#* #t ac na'i* 'e)i* 'ento(#e -erat#r.
nec tamen i))#d in hi* re,#* mira,i)e con*tat&
tant#)a (#od tant#m corp#* corp#*c#)a po**#nt
contor(#ere et on#* tot#m con'ertere no*tr#m/
(#ippe etenim 'ent#* *#,ti)i corpore ten'i*
tr#dit a%en* ma%nam ma%no mo)imine na'em
et man#* #na re%it (#anto 'i* impete e#ntem
at(#e %#,ernac)#m contor(#et (#o )i,et #n#m&
m#)ta(#e per troc)ea* et tympana pondere ma%no
commo'et at(#e )e'i *#*to))it machina ni*#.
$#nc (#i,#* i))e modi* *omn#* per mem,ra (#ietem
inri%et at(#e animi c#ra* e pectore *o)'at&
*#a'idici* poti#* (#om m#)ti* 'er*i,#* edam&
par'#* #t e*t cycni me)ior canor& i))e %r##m (#am
c)amor in aetherii* di*per*#* n#,i,#* a#*tri.
t# mihi da ten#i* a#ri* anim#m(#e *a%acem&
88
ne -ieri ne%ite* (#ae dicam po**e retro(#e
'era rep#)*anti di*ceda* pectore dicta&
t#temet in c#)pa c#m *i* ne(#e cernere po**i*.
7rincipio *omn#* -it #,i e*t di*tracta per art#*
'i* animae partim(#e -ora* eiecta rece**it
et partim contr#*a ma%i* conce**it in a)t#m/
di**o)##nt#r enim t#m dem#m mem,ra -)##nt(#e.
nam d#,i#m non e*t& animai (#in opera *it
*en*#* hic in no,i*& (#em c#m *opor inpedit e**e&
t#m no,i* animam pert#r,atam e**e p#tand#m*t
eiectam(#e -ora*& non omnem/ nam(#e iaceret
aeterno corp#* per-#*#m -ri%ore )eti.
(#ippe #,i n#))a )aten* animai par* remaneret
in mem,ri*& cinere #t m#)ta )atet o,r#t#* i%ni*&
#nde recon-)ari *en*#* per mem,ra repente
po**it& #t ex i%ni caeco con*#r%ere -)amma9
;ed (#i,#* haec re,#* no'ita* con-iat et #nde
pert#r,ari anima et corp#* )an%#e*cere po**it&
expediam: t# -ac ne 'enti* 'er,a pro-#ndam.
7rincipio externa corp#* de parte nece**#m e*t&
a.rii* (#oniam 'icin#m tan%it#r a#ri*&
t#ndier at(#e ei#* cre,ro p#)*arier ict#&
propterea(#e -ere re* omne* a#t corio *#nt
a#t etiam conchi* a#t ca))o a#t cortice tectae.
interiorem etiam partem *piranti,#* a.r
'er,erat hic idem& c#m d#cit#r at(#e re-)at#r.
(#are #trim(#e *ec#* c#m corp#* 'ap#)et et c#m
per'eniant p)a%ae per par'a -oramina no,i*
corpori* ad prima* parti* e)ementa(#e prima&
-it (#a*i pa#)atim no,i* per mem,ra r#ina.
cont#r,ant#r enim po*it#rae principior#m
corpori* at(#e animi. -it #ti par* inde animai
e)iciat#r et intror*#m par* a,dita cedat&
par* etiam di*tracta per art#* non (#eat e**e
coni#ncta inter *e ne(#e mot# m#t#a -#n%i/
inter enim *aepit coet#* nat#ra 'ia*(#e.
er%o *en*#* a,it m#tati* moti,#* a)te.
et (#oniam non e*t (#a*i (#od *#--#)ciat art#*&
de,i)e -it corp#* )an%#e*c#nt(#e omnia mem,ra&
,racchia pa)pe,rae(#e cad#nt pop)ite*(#e c#,anti
*aepe tamen *#mmitt#nt#r 'iri*(#e re*o)'#nt.
!einde ci,#m *e(#it#r *omn#*& (#ia& (#ae -acit a.r&
haec eadem ci,#*& in 'ena* d#m didit#r omni*&
e--icit. et m#)to *opor i))e %ra'i**im#* ex*tat&
(#em *at#r a#t )a**#* capia*& (#ia p)#rima t#m *e
corpora cont#r,ant ma%no cont#*a )a,ore.
-it ratione eadem coniect#* parte animai
a)tior at(#e -ora* eiect#* )ar%ior ei#*&
et di'i*ior inter *e ac di*tractior int#*.
5t (#o (#i*(#e -ere *t#dio de'inct#* adhaeret
a#t (#i,#* in re,#* m#)t#m *#m#* ante morati
89
at(#e in ea ratione -#it contenta ma%i* men*&
in *omni* eadem p)er#m(#e 'idem#r o,ire:
ca#*idici ca#*a* a%ere et componere )e%e*&
ind#peratore* p#%nare ac proe)ia o,ire&
na#tae contract#m c#m 'enti* de%ere ,e))#m&
no* a%ere hoc a#tem et nat#ram (#aerere rer#m
*emper et in'entam patrii* exponere charti*.
cetera *ic *t#dia at(#e arte* p)er#m(#e 'ident#r
in *omni* animo* homin#m -r#*trata tenere.
et (#i c#m(#e die* m#)to* ex ordine )#di*
ad*id#a* deder#nt opera*& p)er#m(#e 'idem#*&
c#m iam de*titer#nt ea *en*i,#* #*#rpare&
re)ic#a* tamen e**e 'ia* in mente patenti*&
(#a po**int eadem rer#m *im#)acra 'enire/
per m#)to* ita(#e i))a die* eadem o,'er*ant#r
ante oc#)o*& etiam 'i%i)ante* #t 'ideant#r
cernere *a)tanti* et mo))ia mem,ra mo'enti*
et citharae )i(#id#m carmen chorda*(#e )o(#enti*
a#ri,#* accipere et con*e**#m cernere e#ndem
*cenai(#e *im#) 'ario* *p)endere decore*.
#*(#e adeo ma%ni re-ert *t#di#m at(#e 'o)#nta*&
et (#i,#* in re,#* con*#erint e**e operati
non homine* *o)#m *ed 'ero anima)ia c#ncta.
(#ippe 'ide,i* e(#o* -orti*& c#m mem,ra iace,#nt&
in *omni* *#dare tamen *pirare(#e *emper
et (#a*i de pa)ma *#mma* contendere 'iri*
a#t (#a*i carceri,#* pate-acti* =edere 'oce* ?
'enant#m(#e cane* in mo))i *aepe (#iete
iactant cr#ra tamen *#,ito 'oci*(#e repente
mitt#nt et cre,ro redd#c#nt nari,#* a#ra*.
#t 'e*ti%ia *i teneant in'enta -erar#m&
exper%e-acti(#e *ec#nt#r inania *aepe
cer'or#m *im#)acra& -#%ae (#a*i dedita cernant&
donec di*c#**i* redeant errori,#* ad *e.
at con*#eta domi cat#)or#m ,)anda propa%o
di*c#tere et corp#* de terra corripere in*tant&
=iactant cr#ra tamen *#,ito 'oci*(#e repente
mitt#nt et cre,ro redd#c#nt nari,#* a#ra*
#t 'e*ti%ia *i teneant in'enta -erar#m
exper%e-acti(#e *ec#nt#r inania *aepe>
proinde (#a*i i%nota* -acie* at(#e ora t#ant#r.
et (#o (#ae(#e ma%i* *#nt a*pera *eminior#m&
tam ma%i* in *omni* eadem *ae'ire nece**#*t.
at 'ariae -#%i#nt 'o)#cre* pinni*(#e repente
*o))icitant di'om noct#rno tempore )#co*&
accipitre* *omno in )eni *i proe)ia p#%na*
edere *#nt per*ectante* 'i*ae(#e 'o)ante*.
porro homin#m mente*& ma%ni* (#ae moti,#* ed#nt
ma%na& itidem *aepe in *omni* -aci#nt(#e %er#nt(#e&
re%e* exp#%nant& capi#nt#r& proe)ia mi*cent&
to))#nt c)amorem& (#a*i *i i#%#)ent#r i,idem.
90
m#)ti dep#%nant %emit#*(#e do)ori,#* ed#nt
et (#a*i pantherae mor*# *ae'i'e )eoni*
mandant#r& ma%ni* c)amori,#* omnia comp)ent.
m#)ti de ma%ni* per *omn#m re,#* )o(##nt#r
indicio(#e *#i -acti per*aepe -#ere.
m#)ti mortem o,e#nt. m#)ti& de monti,#* a)ti*
#t (#a*i praecipitent ad terram corpore toto&
exterr#nt#r et ex *omno (#a*i menti,#* capti
'ix ad *e rede#nt permoti corpori* ae*t#.
-)#men item *itien* a#t -ontem propter amoen#m
ad*idet et tot#m prope -a#ci,#* occ#pat amnem.
p#ri *aepe )ac#m propter *i ac do)ia c#rta
*omno de'incti cred#nt *e exto))ere 'e*tem&
toti#* #morem *accat#m corpori* -#nd#nt&
c#m Ca,y)onica ma%ni-ico *p)endore ri%ant#r.
t#m (#i,#* aetati* -reta primit#* in*in#at#r
*emen& #,i ip*a die* mem,ri* mat#ra crea'it&
con'eni#nt *im#)acra -ori* e corpore (#o(#e&
n#ntia praec)ari 'o)t#* p#)chri(#e co)ori*&
(#i ciet inritan* )oca t#r%ida *emine m#)to&
#t (#a*i tran*acti* *aepe omni,#* re,#* pro-#ndant
-)#mini* in%enti* -)#ct#* 'e*tem(#e cr#entent.
;o))icitat#r id =in> no,i*& (#od dixim#* ante&
*emen& ad#)ta aeta* c#m prim#m ro,orat art#*.
nam(#e a)ia* a)i#d re* commo'et at(#e )ace**it/
ex homine h#man#m *emen ciet #na homini* 'i*.
(#od *im#) at(#e *#i* eiect#m *edi,#* exit&
per mem,ra at(#e art#* decedit corpore toto&
in )oca con'enien* ner'or#m certa ciet(#e
contin#o parti* %enita)i* corpori* ip*a*.
inritata t#ment )oca *emine -it(#e 'o)#nta*
eicere id (#o *e contendit dira )#,ido&
=incitat inritan* )oca t#r%ida *emine m#)to>
id(#e petit corp#*& men* #nde e*t *a#cia amore/
nam(#e omne* p)er#m(#e cad#nt in '#)n#* et i))am
emicat in partem *an%#i*& #nde icim#r ict#&
et *i commin#* e*t& ho*tem r#,er occ#pat #mor.
*ic i%it#r +eneri* (#i te)i* accipit ict#*&
*i'e p#er mem,ri* m#)ie,ri,#* h#nc iac#)at#r
*e# m#)ier toto iactan* e corpore amorem&
#nde -erit#r& eo tendit %e*tit(#e coire
t iacere #morem in corp#* de corpore d#ct#m/
nam(#e 'o)#ptatem prae*a%it m#ta c#pido.
Haec +en#* e*t no,i*/ hinc a#tem*t nomen Amori*&
hinc i))aec prim#m +eneri* d#)cedini* in cor
*ti))a'it %#tta et *#cce**it -ri%ida c#ra/
nam *i a,e*t (#od ame*& prae*to *im#)acra tamen *#nt
i))i#* et nomen d#)ce o,'er*at#r ad a#ri*.
*ed -#%itare decet *im#)acra et pa,#)a amori*
a,*terrere *i,i at(#e a)io con'ertere mentem
et iacere #morem coniect#m in corpora (#ae(#e
91
nec retinere *eme) con'er*#m #ni#* amore
et *er'are *i,i c#ram cert#m(#e do)orem/
#)c#* enim 'i'e*cit et in'etera*cit a)endo
in(#e die* %)i*cit -#ror at(#e aer#mna %ra'e*cit&
*i non prima no'i* cont#r,e* 'o)nera p)a%i*
'o)%i'a%a(#e 'a%#* +enere ante recentia c#re*
a#t a)io po**i* animi trad#cere mot#*.
$ec +eneri* -r#ct# caret i* (#i 'itat amorem&
*ed poti#* (#ae *#nt *ine poena commoda *#mit/
nam certe p#ra*t *ani* ma%i* inde 'o)#pta*
(#am mi*eri*/ etenim poti#ndi tempore in ip*o
-)#ct#at incerti* errori,#* ardor amant#m
nec con*tat (#id prim#m oc#)i* mani,#*(#e -r#ant#r.
(#od petiere& prem#nt arte -aci#nt(#e do)orem
corpori* et dente* in)id#nt *aepe )a,e))i*
o*c#)a(#e ad-i%#nt& (#ia non e*t p#ra 'o)#pta*
et *tim#)i *#,*#nt& (#i in*ti%ant )aedere id ip*#m&
(#od c#m(#e e*t& ra,ie* #nde i))aec %ermina *#r%#nt.
*ed )e'iter poena* -ran%it +en#* inter amorem
,)anda(#e re-renat mor*#* admixta 'o)#pta*.
nam(#e in eo *pe* e*t& #nde e*t ardori* ori%o&
re*tin%#i (#o(#e po**e a, eodem corpore -)ammam.
(#od -ieri contra tot#m nat#ra rep#%nat/
#na(#e re* haec e*t& c#i#* (#am p)#rima ha,em#*&
tam ma%i* arde*cit dira c#ppedine pect#*.
nam ci,#* at(#e #mor mem,ri* ad*#mit#r int#*/
(#ae (#oniam certa* po**#nt o,*idere parti*&
hoc -aci)e exp)et#r )atic#m -r#%#m(#e c#pido.
ex homini* 'ero -acie p#)chro(#e co)ore
ni) dat#r in corp#* praeter *im#)acra -r#end#m
ten'ia/ (#ae 'ento *pe* rapta*t *aepe mi*e))a.
#t ,i,ere in *omni* *itien* (#om (#aerit et #mor
non dat#r& ardorem (#i mem,ri* *tin%#ere po**it&
*ed )atic#m *im#)acra petit -r#*tra(#e )a,orat
in medio(#e *itit torrenti -)#mine potan*&
*ic in amore +en#* *im#)acri* )#dit amanti*&
nec *atiare (#e#nt *pectando corpora coram
nec mani,#* (#ic(#am teneri* a,radere mem,ri*
po**#nt errante* incerti corpore toto.
deni(#e c#m mem,ri* con)ati* -)ore -r##nt#r
aetati*& iam c#m prae*a%it %a#dia corp#*
at(#e in eo*t +en#* #t m#)ie,ria con*erat ar'a&
ad-i%#nt a'ide corp#* i#n%#nt(#e *a)i'a*
ori* et in*pirant pre**ante* denti,#* ora&
ne (#i(#am& (#oniam nihi) inde a,radere po**#nt
nec penetrare et a,ire in corp#* corpore toto/
nam -acere inter d#m 'e))e et certare 'ident#r.
#*(#e adeo c#pide in +eneri* compa%i,#* haerent&
mem,ra 'o)#ptati* d#m 'i )a,e-acta )i(#e*c#nt.
tandem #,i *e er#pit ner'i* coniecta c#pido&
par'a -it ardori* 'io)enti pa#*a par#mper.
92
inde redit ra,ie* eadem et -#ror i))e re'i*it&
c#m *i,i (#od c#piant ip*i contin%ere (#aer#nt&
nec reperire ma)#m id po**#nt (#ae machina 'incat.
#*(#e adeo incerti ta,e*c#nt 'o)nere caeco.
Adde (#od a,*#m#nt 'iri* pere#nt(#e )a,ore&
adde (#od a)teri#* *#, n#t# de%it#r aeta*&
)an%#ent o--icia at(#e ae%rotat -ama 'aci))an*.
)a,it#r interea re* et Ca,y)onia -i#nt
#n%#enta et p#)chra in pedi,#* ;icyonia rident&
*ci)icet et %rande* 'iridi c#m )#ce Bmara%di
a#ro inc)#d#nt#r terit#r(#e tha)a**ina 'e*ti*
ad*id#e et +eneri* *#dorem exercita potat.
et ,ene parta patr#m -i#nt anademata& mitrae&
inter d#m in pa))am at(#e A)iden*ia <ia(#e 'ert#nt.
eximia 'e*te et 'ict# con'i'ia& )#di&
poc#)a cre,ra& #n%#enta& coronae& *erta parant#r&
ne (#i(#am& (#oniam medio de -onte )epor#m
*#r%it amari a)i(#id& (#od in ip*i* -)ori,#* an%at&
a#t c#m con*ci#* ip*e anim#* *e -orte remordet
de*idio*e a%ere aetatem )#*tri*(#e perire&
a#t (#od in am,i%#o 'er,#m iac#)ata re)i(#it&
(#od c#pido ad-ix#m cordi 'i'e*cit #t i%ni*&
a#t nimi#m iactare oc#)o* a)i#m'e t#eri
(#od p#tat in 'o)t#(#e 'idet 'e*ti%ia ri*#*.
At(#e in amore ma)a haec proprio *#mme(#e *ec#ndo
in'eni#nt#r/ in ad'er*o 'ero at(#e inopi *#nt&
prendere (#ae po**i* oc#)or#m )#mine operto.
inn#mera,i)ia/ #t me)i#* 'i%i)are *it ante&
(#a doc#i ratione& ca'ere(#e& ne in)iciari*.
nam 'itare& p)a%a* in amori* ne iaciam#r&
non ita di--ici)e e*t (#am capt#m reti,#* ip*i*
exire et 'a)ido* +eneri* perr#mpere nodo*.
et tamen imp)icit#* (#o(#e po**i* in(#e pedit#*
e--#%ere in-e*t#m& ni*i t#te ti,i o,'i#* o,*te*
et praetermitta* animi 'itia omnia prim#m
a#t (#ae corpori* *#nt ei#*& (#am praepeti* ac 'i*.
nam -aci#nt homine* p)er#m(#e c#pidine caeci
et tri,##nt ea (#ae non *#nt hi* commoda 'ere.
m#)timodi* i%it#r pra'a* t#rpi*(#e 'idem#*
e**e in de)icii* *#mmo(#e in honore 'i%ere.
at(#e a)io* a)ii inrident +enerem(#e *#adent
#t p)acent& (#oniam -oedo ad-)ictent#r amore&
nec *#a re*pici#nt mi*eri ma)a maxima *aepe.
ni%ra me)ichr#* e*t& inm#nda et -etida aco*mo*&
cae*ia 7a))adi#m& ner'o*a et )i%nea dorca*&
par'#)a& p#mi)io& chariton mia& tota mer#m *a)&
ma%na at(#e inmani* catap)exi* p)ena(#e honori*.
,a),a )o(#i non (#it& tra#)iBi& m#ta p#den* e*t/
at -)a%ran*& odio*a& )o(#ac#)a Lampadi#m -it.
i*chnon eromenion t#m -it& c#m 'i'ere non (#it
prae macie/ rhadine 'ero*t iam mort#a t#**i.
90
at nimia et mammo*a <ere* e*t ip*a a, 2accho&
*im#)a ;i)ena ac ;at#ra*t& )a,eo*a phi)ema.
cetera de %enere hoc )on%#m e*t *i dicere coner.
*ed tamen e*to iam (#anto'i* ori* honore&
c#i +eneri* mem,ri* 'i* omni,#* exoriat#r/
nempe a)iae (#o(#e *#nt/ nempe hac *ine 'ixim#* ante/
nempe eadem -acit et *cim#* -acere omnia t#rpi
et mi*eram taetri* *e *#--it odori,#* ip*a&
(#am -am#)ae )on%e -#%itant -#rtim(#e cachinnant.
at )acriman* exc)#*#* amator )imina *aepe
-)ori,#* et *erti* operit po*ti*(#e *#per,o*
#n%#it amaracino et -ori,#* mi*er o*c#)a -i%it/
(#em *i iam ammi**#m 'enientem o--enderit a#ra
#na modo& ca#*a* a,e#ndi (#aerat hone*ta*
et meditata di# cadat a)te *#mpta (#ere))a
*t#)titia(#e i,i *e damnet& tri,#i**e (#od i))i
p)#* 'ideat (#am morta)i concedere par e*t.
nec +enere* no*tra* hoc -a))it/ (#o ma%i* ip*ae
omnia *#mmo opere ho* 'itae po*caenia ce)ant&
(#o* retinere 'o)#nt ad*tricto*(#e e**e in amore&
ne (#i(#am& (#oniam t# animo tamen omnia po**i*
protrahere in )#cem at(#e omni* in(#irere ri*#*
et& *i ,e))o animo*t et non odio*a& 'ici**im
praetermittere =et> h#mani* concedere re,#*.
$ec m#)ier *emper -icto *#*pirat amore&
(#ae conp)exa 'iri corp#* c#m corpore i#n%it
et tenet ad*#cti* #mectan* o*c#)a )a,ri*/
nam -acit ex animo *aepe et comm#nia (#aeren*
%a#dia *o))icitat *pati#m dec#rrere amori*.
nec ratione a)ia 'o)#cre* armenta -erae(#e
et pec#de* et e(#ae mari,#* *#,*idere po**ent&
*i non& ip*a (#od i))ar#m *#,at& ardet a,#ndan*
nat#ra et +enerem *a)ient#m )aeta retractat.
nonne 'ide* etiam (#o* m#t#a *aepe 'o)#pta*
'inxit& #t in 'inc)i* comm#ni,#* excr#cient#r&
in tri'ii* c#m *aepe cane* di*cedere a'enti*
di'or*i c#pide *#mmi* ex 'iri,#* tend#nt&
(#om interea 'a)idi* +eneri* compa%i,#* haerent9
(#od -acerent n#m(#am& ni*i m#t#a %a#dia no**ent&
(#ae iacere in -ra#dem po**ent 'incto*(#e tenere.
(#are etiam at(#e etiam& #t dico& e*t comm#ni* 'o)#pta*.
5t commi*cendo (#om *emine -orte 'iri)em
-emina 'im 'icit *#,ita 'i corrip#it(#e&
t#m *imi)e* matr#m materno *emine -i#nt&
#t patri,#* patrio. *ed (#o* #tri#*(#e -i%#rae
e**e 'ide*& i#xtim mi*cente* '#)ta parent#m&
corpore de patrio et materno *an%#ine cre*c#nt&
*emina c#m +eneri* *tim#)i* excita per art#*
o,'ia con-)ixit con*piran* m#t##* ardor&
et ne(#e #tr#m *#pera'it eor#m nec *#perat#m*t.
-it (#o(#e #t inter d#m *imi)e* exi*tere a'or#m
9
po**int et re-erant proa'or#m *aepe -i%#ra*&
propterea (#ia m#)ta modi* primordia m#)ti*
mixta *#o ce)ant in corpore *aepe parenti*&
(#ae patri,#* patre* trad#nt a *tirpe pro-ecta.
inde +en#* 'aria prod#cit *orte -i%#ra*&
maior#m(#e re-ert 'o)t#* 'oce*(#e coma*(#e/
(#ando(#idem nihi)o ma%i* haec =de> *emine certo
-i#nt (#am -acie* et corpora mem,ra(#e no,i*.
et m#)ie,re orit#r patrio de *emine *aec)#m
materno(#e mare* exi*t#nt corpore creti/
*emper enim part#* d#p)ici de *emine con*tat&
at(#e #tri *imi)e*t ma%i* id (#od c#m(#e creat#r&
ei#* ha,et p)#* parte ae(#a/ (#od cernere po**i*&
*i'e 'ir#m *#,o)e* *i'e*t m#)ie,ri* ori%o.
$ec di'ina *at#m %enita)em n#mina c#i(#am
a,*terrent& pater a %nati* ne d#)ci,#* #m(#am
appe))et#r et #t *teri)i +enere exi%at ae'om/
(#od p)er#m(#e p#tant et m#)to *an%#ine mae*ti
con*per%#nt ara* ado)ent(#e a)taria doni*&
#t %ra'ida* reddant #xore* *emine )ar%o/
ne (#i(#am di'om n#men *orti*(#e -ati%ant/
nam *teri)e* nimi#m cra**o *#nt *emine partim&
et )i(#ido praeter i#*t#m ten#i(#e 'ici**im.
ten'e )oci* (#ia non poti* e*t ad-i%ere adhae*#m&
)i(#it#r extemp)o et re'ocat#m cedit a,ort#.
cra**i#* hinc porro (#oniam concreti#* ae(#o
mittit#r& a#t non tam pro)ixo pro'o)at ict#
a#t penetrare )oco* ae(#e ne(#it a#t penetrat#m
ae%re admi*cet#r m#)ie,ri *emine *emen.
nam m#)t#m harmoniae +eneri* di--erre 'ident#r.
at(#e a)ia* a)ii comp)ent ma%i* ex a)ii*(#e
*#ccipi#nt a)iae pond#* ma%i* in(#e %ra'e*c#nt.
et m#)tae *teri)e* Hymenaei* ante -#er#nt
p)#ri,#* et nactae po*t *#nt tamen #nde p#e))o*
*#*cipere et part# po**ent dite*cere d#)ci.
et (#i,#* ante domi -ec#ndae *aepe ne(#i**ent
#xori* parere& in'enta*t i))i* (#o(#e compar
nat#ra& #t po**ent %nati* m#nire *enectam.
#*(#e adeo ma%ni re-ert& #t *emina po**int
*emini,#* commi*ceri %enita)iter apta
cra**a(#e con'eniant )i(#idi* et )i(#ida cra**i*.
at(#e in eo re-ert (#o 'ict# 'ita co)at#r/
nam(#e a)ii* re,#* concre*c#nt *emina mem,ri*
at(#e a)ii* exten'ant#r ta,ent(#e 'ici**im.
et (#i,#* ip*a modi* tractet#r ,)anda 'o)#pta*.
id (#o(#e perma%ni re-ert/ nam more -erar#m
(#adr#ped#m(#e ma%i* rit# p)er#m(#e p#tant#r
concipere #xore*& (#ia *ic )oca *#mere po**#nt
pectori,#* po*iti* *#,)ati* *emina )#m,i*.
nec mo))e* op#* *#nt mot#* #xori,#* hi)#m.
nam m#)ier prohi,et *e concipere at(#e rep#%nat&
98
c)#ni,#* ip*a 'iri +enerem *i )aeta retractat
at(#e exo**ato ciet omni pectore -)#ct#*/
eicit enim *#)c#m recta re%ione 'ia(#e
'omeri* at(#e )oci* a'ertit *emini* ict#m.
id(#e *#a ca#*a con*#er#nt *corta mo'eri&
ne comp)erent#r cre,ro %ra'idae(#e iacerent&
et *im#) ip*a 'iri* +en#* #t concinnior e**et/
coni#%i,#* (#od ni) no*tri* op#* e**e 'idet#r.
$ec di'init#* inter d#m +eneri*(#e *a%itti*
deteriore -it #t -orma m#)ierc#)a amet#r/
nam -acit ip*a *#i* inter d#m -emina -acti*
mori%eri*(#e modi* et m#nde corpore c#)to&
#t -aci)e in*#e*cat *ec#m =te> de%ere 'itam.
(#od *#per e*t& con*#et#do concinnat amorem/
nam )e'iter (#am'i* (#od cre,ro t#ndit#r ict#&
'incit#r in )on%o *patio tamen at(#e )a,a*cit.
nonne 'ide* etiam %#tta* in *axa cadenti*
#mori* )on%o in *patio pert#ndere *axa9

96
Liber V
6#i* poti* e*t di%n#m po))enti pectore carmen
condere pro rer#m maie*tate hi*(#e reperti*9
(#i*'e 'a)et 'er,i* tant#m& (#i -in%ere )a#de*
pro meriti* ei#* po**it& (#i ta)ia no,i*
pectore parta *#o (#ae*ita(#e praemia )i(#it9
nemo& #t opinor& erit morta)i corpore cret#*.
nam *i& #t ip*a petit maie*ta* co%nita rer#m&
dicend#m e*t& de#* i))e -#it& de#*& inc)yte Memmi&
(#i princep* 'itae rationem in'enit eam (#ae
n#nc appe))at#r *apientia& (#i(#e per artem
-)#cti,#* et tanti* 'itam tanti*(#e tene,ri*
in tam tran(#i))o et tam c)ara )#ce )oca'it.
con-er enim di'ina a)ior#m anti(#a reperta.
nam(#e <ere* -ert#r -r#%e* Li,er(#e )i(#ori*
'iti%eni )aticem morta)i,#* in*tit#i**e/
c#m tamen hi* po**et *ine re,#* 'ita manere&
#t -ama e*t a)i(#a* etiam n#nc 'i'ere %enti*.
at ,ene non poterat *ine p#ro pectore 'i'i/
(#o ma%i* hic merito no,i* de#* e**e 'idet#r&
ex (#o n#nc etiam per ma%na* didita %enti*
d#)cia perm#)cent animo* *o)acia 'itae.
Herc#)i* anti*tare a#tem *i -acta p#ta,i*&
)on%i#* a 'era m#)to ratione -erere.
(#id $emeae#* enim no,i* n#nc ma%n#* hiat#*
i))e )eoni* o,e**et et horren* Arcadi#* *#*&
tanto opere o--icerent no,i* ;tympha)a co)ente*9
deni(#e (#id <retae ta#r#* Lernaea(#e pe*ti*
hydra 'enenati* po**et 'a))ata co)#,ri*9
(#id'e tripectora ter%emini 'i* 1eryonai
et !iomedi* e(#i *pirante* nari,#* i%nem
Thracia Ci*tonia*(#e p)a%a* at(#e 2*mara propter
a#rea(#e He*perid#m *er'an* -#)%entia ma)a&
a*per& acer,a t#en*& immani corpore *erpen*
ar,ori* amp)ex#* *tirpe*9 (#id deni(#e o,e**et
propter At)ante#m )it#* pe)a%i(#e *e'era&
(#o ne(#e no*ter adit (#i*(#am nec ,ar,ar#* a#det9
cetera de %enere hoc (#ae *#nt portenta perempta&
*i non 'icta -orent& (#id tandem 'i'a nocerent9
ni)& #t opinor: ita ad *atiatem terra -erar#m
n#nc etiam *catit et trepido terrore rep)eta e*t
per nemora ac monte* ma%no* *i)'a*(#e pro-#nda*/
(#ae )oca 'itandi p)er#m(#e e*t no*tra pote*ta*.
at ni*i p#r%at#m*t pect#*& (#ae proe)ia no,i*
at(#e peric#)a t#m*t in%rati* in*in#and#m3
(#antae t#m *cind#nt hominem c#ppedini* acre*
*o))icit#m c#rae (#anti(#e perinde timore*3
(#id'e *#per,ia *p#rcitia ac pet#)antia9 (#anta*
e--ici#nt c)ade*3 (#id )#x#* de*idiae(#e9
haec i%it#r (#i c#ncta *#,e%erit ex animo(#e
9:
exp#)erit dicti*& non armi*& nonne dece,it
h#nc hominem n#mero di'om di%narier e**e9
c#m ,ene prae*ertim m#)ta ac di'init#* ip*i*
iam morta)i,#* e di'i* dare dicta *#erit
at(#e omnem rer#m nat#ram pandere dicti*.
<#i#* e%o in%re**#* 'e*ti%ia d#m ratione*
per*e(#or ac doceo dicti*& (#o (#ae(#e creata
-oedere *int& in eo (#am *it d#rare nece**#m
nec 'a)ida* 'a)eant ae'i re*cindere )e%e*&
(#o %enere in primi* animi nat#ra reperta e*t
nati'o prim#m con*i*tere corpore creta&
nec po**e inco)#mem ma%n#m d#rare per ae'#m&
*ed *im#)acra *o)ere in *omni* -a))ere mentem&
cernere c#m 'ideam#r e#m (#em 'ita re)i(#it&
(#od *#per e*t& n#nc h#c rationi* det#)it ordo&
#t mihi morta)i con*i*tere corpore m#nd#m
nati'om(#e *im#) ratio redd#nda *it e**e/
et (#i,#* i))e modi* con%re**#* materiai
-#ndarit terram cae)#m mare *idera *o)em
)#nai(#e %)o,#m/ t#m (#ae te))#re animante*
extiterint& et (#ae n#))o *int tempore natae/
(#o'e modo %en#* h#man#m 'ariante )o(#e))a
coeperit inter *e 'e*ci per nomina rer#m/
et (#i,#* i))e modi* di'om met#* in*in#arit
pectora& terrar#m (#i in or,i *ancta t#et#r
-ana )ac#* )#co* ara* *im#)acra(#e di'om.
praeterea *o)i* c#r*#* )#nae(#e meat#*
expediam (#a 'i -)ectat nat#ra %#,ernan*/
ne -orte haec inter cae)#m terram(#e ream#r
)i,era *ponte *#a c#r*#* )#*trare perenni*&
mori%era ad -r#%e* a#%enda* at(#e animanti*&
ne'e a)i(#a di'om 'o)'i ratione p#tem#*.
nam ,ene (#i didicere deo* *ec#r#m a%ere ae'om&
*i tamen interea mirant#r (#a ratione
(#ae(#e %eri po**int& prae*ertim re,#* in i))i*
(#ae *#pera cap#t aetherii* cern#nt#r in ori*&
r#r*#* in anti(#a* re-er#nt#r re)i%ione*
et domino* acri* ad*ci*c#nt& omnia po**e
(#o* mi*eri cred#nt& i%nari (#id (#eat e**e&
(#a nam *it ratione at(#e a)te termin#* haeren*.
6#od *#per e*t& ne te in promi**i* p)#ra morem#r&
principio maria ac terra* cae)#m(#e t#ere/
(#or#m nat#ram trip)icem& tria corpora& Memmi&
tri* *pecie* tam di**imi)i*& tria ta)ia texta&
#na die* da,it exitio& m#)to*(#e per anno*
*#*tentata r#et mo)e* et machina m#ndi.
nec me animi -a))it (#am re* no'a mira(#e menti
accidat exiti#m cae)i terrae(#e -#t#r#m&
et (#am di--ici)e id mihi *it per'incere dicti*/
#t -it #,i in*o)itam rem adporte* a#ri,#* ante
98
nec tamen hanc po**i* oc#)or#m *#,dere 'i*#
nec iacere ind# man#*& 'ia (#a m#nita -idei
proxima -ert h#man#m in pect#* temp)a(#e menti*.
*ed tamen e--a,or. dicti* da,it ip*a -idem re*
-or*itan et %ra'iter terrar#m moti,#* orti*
omnia con(#a**ari in par'o tempore cerne*.
(#od proc#) a no,i* -)ectat -ort#na %#,ernan*&
et ratio poti#* (#am re* per*#adeat ip*a
*#ccidere horri*ono po**e omnia 'icta -ra%ore.
6#a pri#* ad%rediar (#am de re -#ndere -ata
*ancti#* et m#)to certa ratione ma%i* (#am
7ythia (#ae tripode a 7hoe,i )a#ro(#e pro-at#r&
m#)ta ti,i expediam docti* *o)acia dicti*/
re)i%ione re-renat#* ne -orte reari*
terra* et *o)em et cae)#m& mare *idera )#nam&
corpore di'ino de,ere aeterna manere&
propterea(#e p#te* rit# par e**e 1i%ant#m
pendere eo* poena* inmani pro *ce)ere omni*&
(#i ratione *#a di*t#r,ent moenia m#ndi
praec)ar#m(#e 'e)int cae)i re*tin%#ere *o)em
inmorta)ia morta)i *ermone notante*/
(#ae proc#) #*(#e adeo di'ino a n#mine di*tent
in(#e de#m n#mero (#ae *int indi%na 'ideri&
notitiam poti#* prae,ere #t po**e p#tent#r
(#id *it 'ita)i mot# *en*#(#e remot#m.
(#ippe etenim non e*t& c#m (#o'i* corpore #t e**e
po**e animi nat#ra p#tet#r con*i)i#m(#e.
*ic#t in aethere non ar,or& non ae(#ore *a)*o
n#,e* e**e (#e#nt ne(#e pi*ce* 'i'ere in ar'i*
nec cr#or in )i%ni* ne(#e *axi* *#c#* ine**e&
cert#m ac di*po*it#m*t #,i (#ic(#id cre*cat et in*it&
*ic animi nat#ra ne(#it *ine corpore oriri
*o)a ne(#e a ner'i* et *an%#ine )on%i#* e**e.
(#od *i po**et enim& m#)to pri#* ip*a animi 'i*
in capite a#t #meri* a#t imi* ca)ci,#* e**e
po**et et inna*ci (#a'i* in parte *o)eret&
tandem in eodem homine at(#e in eodem 'a*e manere.
(#od (#oniam no*tro (#o(#e con*tat corpore cert#m
di*po*it#m(#e 'idet#r #,i e**e et cre*cere po**it
*eor*#m anima at(#e anim#*& tanto ma%i* in-itiand#m
tot#m po**e extra corp#* -ormam(#e anima)em
p#tri,#* in %)e,i* terrar#m a#t *o)i* in i%ni
a#t in a(#a d#rare a#t a)ti* aetheri* ori*.
ha#d i%it#r con*tant di'ino praedita *en*#&
(#ando(#idem ne(#e#nt 'ita)iter e**e animata.
2))#d item non e*t #t po**i* credere& *ede*
e**e de#m *ancta* in m#ndi parti,#* #))i*.
ten'i* enim nat#ra de#m )on%e(#e remota
*en*i,#* a, no*tri* animi 'ix mente 'idet#r/
(#ae (#oniam man##m tact#m *#--#%it et ict#m&
tacti)e ni) no,i* (#od *it contin%ere de,et/
99
tan%ere enim non (#it (#od tan%i non )icet ip*#m.
(#are etiam *ede* (#o(#e no*tri* *edi,#* e**e
di**imi)e* de,ent& ten#e* de corpore eor#m/
(#ae ti,i po*teri#* )ar%o *ermone pro,a,o.
!icere porro homin#m ca#*a 'o)#i**e parare
praec)aram m#ndi nat#ram propterea(#e
ad)a#da,i)e op#* di'om )a#dare decere
aetern#m(#e p#tare at(#e inmorta)e -#t#r#m&
nec -a* e**e& de#m (#od *it ratione 'et#*ta
%enti,#* h#mani* -#ndat#m perpet#o ae'o&
*o))icitare *#i* #))a 'i ex *edi,#* #m(#am
nec 'er,i* 'exare et a, imo e'ertere *#mma&
cetera de %enere hoc ad-in%ere et addere& Memmi&
de*ipere*t. (#id enim inmorta)i,#* at(#e ,eati*
%ratia no*tra (#eat )ar%irier emo)#menti&
#t no*tra (#ic(#am ca#*a %erere ad%rediant#r9
(#id'e no'i pot#it tanto po*t ante (#ieto*
in)icere #t c#perent 'itam m#tare priorem9
nam %a#dere no'i* re,#* de,ere 'idet#r
c#i 'etere* o,*#nt/ *ed c#i nihi) accidit ae%ri
tempore in ante acto& c#m p#)chre de%eret ae'om&
(#id pot#it no'itati* amorem accendere ta)i9
(#id'e ma)i -#erat no,i* non e**e creati*9
an& credo& in tene,ri* 'ita ac maerore iace,at&
donec di)#xit rer#m %enita)i* ori%o9
nat#* enim de,et (#i c#m(#e e*t 'e))e manere
in 'ita& donec retine,it ,)anda 'o)#pta*/
(#i n#m(#am 'ero 'itae %#*ta'it amorem
nec -#it in n#mero& (#id o,e*t non e**e creat#m9
exemp)#m porro %i%n#ndi* re,#* et ip*a
notitie* homin#m di'i* #nde in*ita prim#m e*t&
(#id 'e))ent -acere #t *cirent animo(#e 'iderent&
(#o'e modo*t #m(#am 'i* co%nita principior#m
(#id(#e inter *e*e perm#tato ordine po**ent.
*i non ip*a dedit *peciem nat#ra creandi9
nam(#e ita m#)ta modi* m#)ti* primordia rer#m
ex in-inito iam tempore percita p)a%i*
ponderi,#*(#e *#i* con*#er#nt concita -erri
omnimodi*(#e coire at(#e omnia pertemptare&
(#ae c#m(#e inter *e po**int con%re**a creare&
#t non *it mir#m& *i in ta)i* di*po*it#ra*
decider#nt (#o(#e et in ta)i* 'enere meat#*&
(#a)i,#* haec rer#m %erit#r n#nc *#mma no'ando.
6#od =*i> iam rer#m i%norem primordia (#ae *int&
hoc tamen ex ip*i* cae)i rationi,#* a#*im
con-irmare a)ii*(#e ex re,#* reddere m#)ti*&
ne(#a(#am no,i* di'init#* e**e paratam
nat#ram rer#m: tanta *tat praedita c#)pa.
principio (#ant#m cae)i te%it impet#* in%en*&
inde a'idam partem monte* *i)'ae(#e -erar#m
po**edere& tenent r#pe* 'a*tae(#e pa)#de*
100
et mare& (#od )ate terrar#m di*tinet ora*.
inde d#a* porro prope parti* -er'id#* ardor
ad*id##*(#e %e)i ca*#* morta)i,#* a#-ert.
(#od *#per e*t ar'i& tamen id nat#ra *#a 'i
*enti,#* o,d#cat& ni 'i* h#mana re*i*tat
'itai ca#*a 'a)ido con*#eta ,identi
in%emere et terram pre**i* pro*cindere aratri*.
*i non -ec#nda* 'ertente* 'omere %)e,a*
terrai(#e *o)#m *#,i%ente* cim#* ad ort#*.
*ponte *#a ne(#eant )i(#ida* exi*tere in a#ra*.
et tamen inter d#m ma%no (#ae*ita )a,ore
c#m iam per terra* -rondent at(#e omnia -)orent&
a#t nimii* torret -er'ori,#* aetheri#* *o)
a#t *#,iti perem#nt im,ri* %e)idae(#e pr#inae
-)a,ra(#e 'entor#m 'io)ento t#r,ine 'exant.
praeterea %en#* horri-er#m nat#ra -erar#m
h#manae %enti in-e*t#m terra(#e mari(#e
c#r a)it at(#e a#%et9 c#r anni tempora mor,o*
adportant9 (#are mor* inmat#ra 'a%at#r9
t#m porro p#er& #t *ae'i* proiect#* a, #ndi*
na'ita& n#d#* h#mi iacet in-an* indi%#* omni
'ita)i a#xi)io& c#m prim#m in )#mini* ora*
nixi,#* ex a)'o matri* nat#ra pro-#dit&
'a%it#(#e )oc#m )#%#,ri comp)et& #t ae(##m*t
c#i tant#m in 'ita re*tet tran*ire ma)or#m.
at 'ariae cre*c#nt pec#de* armenta -erae(#e
nec crepitaci))i* op#* e*t nec c#i(#am adhi,enda*t
a)mae n#trici* ,)anda at(#e in-racta )o(#e))a
nec 'aria* (#aer#nt 'e*te* pro tempore cae)i&
deni(#e non armi* op#* e*t& non moeni,#* a)ti*&
(#i *#a t#tent#r& (#ando omni,#* omnia )ar%e
te))#* ip*a parit nat#ra(#e daeda)a rer#m.
7rincipio (#oniam terrai corp#* et #mor
a#rar#m(#e )e'e* animae ca)idi(#e 'apore*&
e (#i,#* haec rer#m con*i*tere *#mma 'idet#r&
omnia nati'o ac morta)i corpore con*tant&
de,et eodem omni* m#ndi nat#ra p#tari.
(#ippe etenim& (#or#m parti* et mem,ra 'idem#*
corpore nati'o morta)i,#* e**e -i%#ri*&
haec eadem -erme morta)ia cernim#* e**e
et nati'a *im#). (#a propter maxima m#ndi
c#m 'ideam mem,ra ac parti* con*#mpta re%i%ni&
*cire )icet cae)i (#o(#e item terrae(#e -#i**e
principia)e a)i(#od temp#* c)adem(#e -#t#ram.
2))#d in hi* re,#* ne corrip#i**e reari*
me mihi& (#od terram at(#e i%nem morta)ia *#mp*i
e**e ne(#e #morem d#,ita'i a#ra*(#e perire
at(#e eadem %i%ni r#r*#*(#e a#%e*cere dixi.
principio par* terrai non n#))a& per#*ta
*o)i,#* ad*id#i*& m#)ta p#)*ata ped#m 'i&
p#)'eri* exha)at ne,#)am n#,e*(#e 'o)anti*&
101
(#a* 'a)idi toto di*per%#nt a.re 'enti.
par* etiam %)e,ar#m ad di)#'iem re'ocat#r
im,ri,#* et ripa* radentia -)#mina rod#nt.
praeterea pro parte *#a& (#od c#m(#e a)it a#%et&
reddit#r/ et (#oniam d#,io proc#) e**e 'idet#r
omniparen* eadem rer#m comm#ne *ep#)cr#m.
er%o terra ti,i )i,at#r et a#cta recre*cit.
6#od *#per e*t& #more no'o mare -)#mina -onte*
*emper a,#ndare et )atice* manare perenni*
ni) op#* e*t 'er,i*: ma%n#* dec#r*#* a(#ar#m
#ndi(#e dec)arat. *ed prim#m (#ic(#id a(#ai
to))it#r in *#mma(#e -it #t nihi) #mor a,#ndet&
partim (#od 'a)idi 'errente* ae(#ora 'enti
demin##nt radii*(#e retexen* aetheri#* *o)&
partim (#od *#pter per terra* didit#r omni*/
perco)at#r enim 'ir#* retro(#e remanat
materie* #mori* et ad cap#t amni,#* omni*
con'enit& inde *#per terra* -)#it a%mine d#)ci
(#a 'ia *ecta *eme) )i(#ido pede det#)it #nda*.
A.ra n#nc i%it#r dicam& (#i corpore toto
inn#mera,i)iter pri'a* m#tat#r in hora*.
*emper enim& (#od c#m(#e -)#it de re,#*& id omne
a.ri* in ma%n#m -ert#r mare/ (#i ni*i contra
corpora retri,#at re,#* recreet(#e -)#enti*&
omnia iam re*o)#ta -orent et in a.ra 'er*a.
ha#t i%it#r ce**at %i%ni de re,#* et in re*
reccidere& ad*id#e (#oniam -)#ere omnia con*tat.
Lar%#* item )i(#idi -on* )#mini*& aetheri#* *o)&
inri%at ad*id#e cae)#m candore recenti
*#ppeditat(#e no'o con-e*tim )#mine )#men.
nam prim#m (#ic(#id -#)%ori* di*perit ei&
(#o c#m(#e accidit. id )icet hinc co%no*cere po**i*&
(#od *im#) ac prim#m n#,e* *#ccedere *o)i
coepere et radio* inter (#a*i r#mpere )#ci*&
extemp)o in-erior par* hor#m di*perit omni*
terra(#e in#m,rat#r (#a nim,i c#m(#e -er#nt#r/
#t no*ca* *p)endore no'o re* *emper e%ere
et prim#m iact#m -#)%ori* (#em(#e perire
nec ratione a)ia re* po**e in *o)e 'ideri&
perpet#o ni *#ppeditet )#ci* cap#t ip*#m.
(#in etiam noct#rna ti,i& terre*tria (#ae *#nt&
)#mina& pendente* )ychni c)arae(#e cor#*ci*
-#)%#ri,#* pin%#e* m#)ta ca)i%ine taedae
con*imi)i properant ratione& ardore mini*tro&
*#ppeditare no'om )#men& tremere i%ni,#* in*tant&
in*tant& nec )oca )#x inter (#a*i r#pta re)in(#it:
#*(#e adeo properanter a, omni,#* i%ni,#* ei
exiti#m ce)eri ce)erat#r ori%ine -)ammae.
*ic i%it#r *o)em )#nam *te))a*(#e p#tand#m
ex a)io at(#e a)io )#cem iactare *#,ort#
et prim#m (#ic(#id -)ammar#m perdere *emper&
102
in'io)a,i)ia haec ne creda* -orte 'i%ere.
!eni(#e non )apide* (#o(#e 'inci cerni* a, ae'o&
non a)ta* t#rri* r#ere et p#tre*cere *axa&
non de)#,ra de#m *im#)acra(#e -e**a -ati*ci
nec *anct#m n#men -ati proto))ere -ini*
po**e ne(#e ad'er*#* nat#rae -oedera niti9
deni(#e non monimenta 'ir#m di)ap*a 'idem#*&
=(#aerere proporro& *i,i c#m(#e *ene*cere creda*&>
non r#ere a'o)*o* *i)ice* a monti,#* a)ti*
nec 'a)ida* ae'i 'ire* per-erre pati(#e
-initi9 ne(#e enim caderent a'o)*a repente&
ex in-inito (#ae tempore perto)era**ent
omnia tormenta aetati*& pri'ata -ra%ore.
!eni(#e iam t#ere hoc& circ#m *#pra(#e (#od omne
continet amp)ex# terram: *i procreat ex *e
omnia& (#od (#idam memorant& recipit(#e perempta&
tot#m nati'#m morta)i corpore con*tat.
nam (#od c#m(#e a)ia* ex *e re* a#%et a)it(#e&
demin#i de,et& recreari& c#m recipit re*.
7raeterea *i n#))a -#it %enita)i* ori%o
terrar#m et cae)i *emper(#e aeterna -#ere&
c#r *#pera ,e))#m The,an#m et -#nera Troiae
non a)ia* a)ii (#o(#e re* cecinere po.tae9
(#o tot -acta 'ir#m totien* cecidere ne(#e #*(#am
aeterni* -amae monimenti* in*ita -)orent9
'er#m& #t opinor& ha,et no'itatem *#mma recen*(#e
nat#ra*t m#ndi ne(#e pridem exordia cepit.
(#are etiam (#aedam n#nc arte* expo)i#nt#r&
n#nc etiam a#%e*c#nt/ n#nc addita na'i%ii* *#nt
m#)ta& modo or%anici me)ico* peperere *onore*&
deni(#e nat#ra haec rer#m ratio(#e reperta*t
n#per& et hanc prim#* c#m primi* ip*e repert#*
n#nc e%o *#m in patria* (#i po**im 'ertere 'oce*.
6#od *i -orte -#i**e ante hac eadem omnia credi*&
*ed perii*e homin#m torrenti *aec)a 'apore&
a#t cecidi**e #r,i* ma%no 'examine m#ndi&
a#t ex im,ri,#* ad*id#i* exi**e rapace*
per terra* amne* at(#e oppida coper#i**e.
tanto (#i(#e ma%i* 'ict#* -ateare nece**e*t
exiti#m (#o(#e terrar#m cae)i(#e -#t#r#m/
nam c#m re* tanti* mor,i* tanti*(#e peric)i*
temptarent#r& i,i *i tri*tior inc#,#i**et
ca#*a& darent )ate c)adem ma%na*(#e r#ina*.
nec ratione a)ia morta)e* e**e 'idem#r&
inter no* ni*i (#od mor,i* ae%re*cim#* i*dem
at(#e i))i (#o* a 'ita nat#ra remo'it.
7raeterea (#ae c#m(#e manent aeterna nece**#*t
a#t& (#ia *#nt *o)ido c#m corpore& re*p#ere ict#*
nec penetrare pati *i,i (#ic(#am (#od (#eat arta*
di**ociare int#* parti*& #t materiai
corpora *#nt& (#or#m nat#ram o*tendim#* ante&
100
a#t ideo d#rare aetatem po**e per omnem&
p)a%ar#m (#ia *#nt expertia& *ic#t inane e*t&
(#od manet intact#m ne(#e a, ict# -#n%it#r hi)#m&
a#t etiam (#ia n#))a )oci *it copia circ#m&
(#o (#a*i re* po**int di*cedere di**o)#i(#e&
*ic#t *#mmar#m *#mma e*t aeterna& ne(#e extra
(#i )oc#* e*t (#o di**i)iant ne(#e corpora *#nt (#ae
po**int incidere et 'a)ida di**o)'ere p)a%a.
at ne(#e& #ti doc#i& *o)ido c#m corpore m#ndi
nat#ra*t& (#oniam admixt#m*t in re,#* inane&
nec tamen e*t #t inane& ne(#e a#tem corpora de*#nt&
ex in-inito (#ae po**int -orte coorta
corr#ere hanc rer#m 'io)ento t#r,ine *#mmam
a#t a)iam (#am'i* c)adem inportare peric)i&
nec porro nat#ra )oci *pati#m(#e pro-#ndi
de-icit& ex*par%i (#o po**int moenia m#ndi&
a#t a)ia (#a'i* po**#nt 'i p#)*a perire.
ha#t i%it#r )eti praec)#*a e*t ian#a cae)o
nec *o)i terrae(#e ne(#e a)ti* ae(#ori* #ndi*&
*ed patet immani et 'a*to re*pectat hiat#.
(#are etiam nati'a nece**#m*t con-iteare
haec eadem/ ne(#e enim& morta)i corpore (#ae *#nt&
ex in-inito iam tempore adh#c pot#i**ent
inmen*i 'a)ida* ae'i contemnere 'ire*.
!eni(#e tantopere inter *e c#m maxima m#ndi
p#%nent mem,ra& pio ne(#a(#am concita ,e))o&
nonne 'ide* a)i(#am )on%i certamini* o))i*
po**e dari -inem& 'e) c#m *o) et 'apor omni*
omni,#* epoti* #mori,#* ex*#perarint9
(#od -acere intend#nt& ne(#e adh#c conata patrant#r/
tant#m *#ppeditant amne* #)tra(#e minant#r
omnia di)#'iare ex a)to %#r%ite ponti:
ne (#i(#am& (#oniam 'errente* ae(#ora 'enti
demin##nt radii*(#e retexen* aetheri#* *o)&
et *iccare pri#* con-id#nt omnia po**e
(#am )i(#or incepti po**it contin%ere -inem.
tant#m *pirante* ae(#o certamine ,e))#m
ma%ni* =inter *e> de re,#* cernere certant&
c#m *eme) interea -#erit *#perantior i%ni*
et *eme)& #t -ama e*t& #mor re%narit in ar'i*.
i%ni* enim *#pera'it et am,ien* m#)ta per#**it&
a'ia c#m 7haethonta rapax 'i* *o)i* e(#or#m
aethere rapta'it toto terra*(#e per omni*.
at pater omnipoten* ira t#m percit#* acri
ma%nanim#m 7haethonta repenti -#)mini* ict#
det#r,a'it e(#i* in terram& ;o)(#e cadenti
o,'i#* aeternam *#ccepit )ampada m#ndi
di*iecto*(#e rede%it e(#o* i#nxit(#e trementi*&
inde *##m per iter recrea'it c#ncta %#,ernan*&
*ci)icet #t 'etere* 1rai#m cecinere po.tae.
(#od proc#) a 'era nimi* e*t ratione rep#)*#m.
10
i%ni* enim *#perare pote*t #,i materiai
ex in-inito *#nt corpora p)#ra coorta/
inde cad#nt 'ire* a)i(#a ratione re'ictae&
a#t pere#nt re* ex#*tae torrenti,#* a#ri*.
#mor item (#ondam coepit *#perare coort#*&
#t -ama e*t& homin#m 'ita* (#ando o,r#it #ndi*/
inde #,i 'i* a)i(#a ratione a'er*a rece**it&
ex in-inito -#erat (#ae c#m(#e coorta&
con*titer#nt im,re* et -)#mina 'im min#er#nt.
;ed (#i,#* i))e modi* coniect#* materiai
-#ndarit terram et cae)#m ponti(#e pro-#nda&
*o)i* )#nai c#r*#*& ex ordine ponam.
nam certe ne(#e con*i)io primordia rer#m
ordine *e *#o (#ae(#e *a%aci mente )ocar#nt
nec (#o* (#ae(#e darent mot#* pepi%ere pro-ecto/
*ed (#ia m#)ta modi* m#)ti* primordia rer#m
ex in-inito iam tempore percita p)a%i*
ponderi,#*(#e *#i* con*#er#nt concita -erri
omnimodi*(#e coire at(#e omnia pertemptare&
(#ae c#m(#e inter *e po**ent con%re**a creare&
propterea -it #ti ma%n#m 'o)%ata per ae'om
omni%en#* coet#* et mot#* experi#ndo
tandem con'eniant ea (#ae coniecta repente
ma%nar#m rer#m -i#nt exordia *aepe&
terrai mari* et cae)i %eneri*(#e animant#m.
Hic ne(#e t#m *o)i* rota cerni )#mine )ar%o
a)ti'o)an* poterat nec ma%ni *idera m#ndi
nec mare nec cae)#m nec deni(#e terra ne(#e a.r
nec *imi)i* no*tri* re,#* re* #))a 'ideri&
*ed no'a tempe*ta* (#aedam mo)e*(#e coorta.
di--#%ere inde )oci parte* coepere pare*(#e
c#m pari,#* i#n%i re* et di*c)#dere m#nd#m
mem,ra(#e di'idere et ma%na* di*ponere parte*
omni%eni* e principii*& di*cordia (#or#m
inter'a))a 'ia* conex#* pondera p)a%a*
conc#r*#* mot#* t#r,a,at proe)ia mi*cen*
propter di**imi)i* -orma* 'aria*(#e -i%#ra*&
(#od non omnia *ic poterant coni#ncta manere
nec mot#* inter *e*e dare con'enienti*&
hoc e*t& a terri* a)t#m *ecernere cae)#m&
et *or*#m mare& #ti *ecreto #more pateret&
*eor*#* item p#ri *ecreti(#e aetheri* i%ne*.
6#ippe etenim prim#m terrai corpora (#ae(#e&
propterea (#od erant %ra'ia et perp)exa& coi,ant
in medio at(#e ima* capie,ant omnia *ede*/
(#ae (#anto ma%i* inter *e perp)exa coi,ant&
tam ma%i* expre**ere ea (#ae mare *idera *o)em
)#nam(#e e--icerent et ma%ni moenia m#ndi/
omnia enim ma%i* haec e )e'i,#* at(#e r#t#ndi*
*emini,#* m#)to(#e minori,#* *#nt e)ementi*
(#am te))#*. ideo per rara -oramina terrae
108
parti,#* er#mpen* prim#* *e *#*t#)it aether
i%ni-er et m#)to* *ec#m )e'i* a,*t#)it i%ni*&
non a)ia )on%e ratione ac *aepe 'idem#*&
a#rea c#m prim#m %emmanti* rore per her,a*
mat#tina r#,ent radiati )#mina *o)i*
exha)ant(#e )ac#* ne,#)am -)#'ii(#e perenne*
ip*a(#e #t inter d#m te))#* -#mare 'idet#r/
omnia (#ae *#r*#m c#m conci)iant#r& in a)to
corpore concreto *#,tex#nt n#,i)a cae)#m.
*ic i%it#r t#m *e )e'i* ac di--#*i)i* aether
corpore concreto circ#m dat#* #ndi(#e *aep*it
et )ate di--#*#* in omni* #ndi(#e parti*
omnia *ic a'ido comp)ex# cetera *aep*it.
h#nc exordia *#nt *o)i* )#nae(#e *ec#ta&
inter#tra*(#e %)o,i (#or#m 'ert#nt#r in a#ri*/
(#ae ne(#e terra *i,i ad*ci'it nec maxim#* aether&
(#od ne(#e tam -#er#nt %ra'ia #t depre**a *ederent&
nec )e'ia #t po**ent per *#mma* )a,ier ora*&
et tamen inter#tra*(#e ita *#nt& #t corpora 'i'a
'er*ent et parte* #t m#ndi toti#* extent/
(#od %en#* in no,i* (#aedam )icet in *tatione
mem,ra manere& tamen c#m *int ea (#ae mo'eant#r.
hi* i%it#r re,#* retracti* terra repente&
max#ma (#a n#nc *e ponti p)a%a caer#)a tendit&
*#ccidit et *a)*o *#--#dit %#r%ite -o**a*.
in(#e die* (#anto circ#m ma%i* aetheri* ae*t#*
et radii *o)i* co%e,ant #ndi(#e terram
'er,eri,#* cre,ri* extrema ad )imina -artam
in medio #t prop#)*a *#o conden*a coiret&
tam ma%i* expre**#* *a)*#* de corpore *#dor
a#%e,at mare manando campo*(#e natanti*&
et tanto ma%i* i))a -ora* e)ap*a 'o)a,ant
corpora m#)ta 'apori* et a.ri* a)ta(#e cae)i
den*a,ant proc#) a terri* -#)%entia temp)a.
*ide,ant campi& cre*ce,ant monti,#* a)ti*
a*cen*#*/ ne(#e enim poterant *#,*idere *axa
nec pariter tant#ndem omne* *#cc#m,ere parti*.
;ic i%it#r terrae concreto corpore pond#*
con*titit at(#e omni* m#ndi (#a*i )im#* in im#m
con-)#xit %ra'i* et *#,*edit -#ndit#* #t -aex/
inde mare& inde a.r& inde aether i%ni-er ip*e
corpori,#* )i(#idi* *#nt omnia p#ra re)icta
et )e'iora a)ii* a)ia& et )i(#idi**im#* aether
at(#e )e'i**im#* a.ria* *#per in-)#it a#ra*
nec )i(#id#m corp#* t#r,anti,#* a.ri* a#ri*
commi*cet/ *init haec 'io)enti* omnia 'erti
t#r,ini,#*& *init incerti* t#r,are proce))i*&
ip*e *#o* i%ni* certo -ert impete )a,en*.
nam modice -)#ere at(#e #no po**e aethera ni*#
*i%ni-icat 7onto*& mare certo (#od -)#it ae*t#
#n#m )a,endi con*er'an* #*(#e tenorem.
106
Moti,#* a*tror#m n#nc (#ae *it ca#*a canam#*.
principio ma%n#* cae)i *i 'ortit#r or,i*&
ex #tra(#e po)#m parti premere a.ra no,i*
dicend#m e*t extra(#e tenere et c)a#dere #trim(#e/
inde a)i#m *#pra -)#ere at(#e intendere eodem
(#o 'o)'enda micant aeterni *idera m#ndi/
a#t a)i#m *#pter& contra (#i *#,'ehat or,em&
#t -)#'io* 'er*are rota* at(#e a#*tra 'idem#*.
e*t etiam (#o(#e #ti po**it cae)#m omne manere
in *tatione& tamen c#m )#cida *i%na -erant#r&
*i'e (#od inc)#*i rapidi *#nt aetheri* ae*t#*
(#aerente*(#e 'iam circ#m 'er*ant#r et i%ne*
pa**im per cae)i 'o)'#nt *#mmania temp)a&
*i'e a)i#nde -)#en* a)ic#nde extrin*ec#* a.r
'er*at a%en* i%ni*& *i'e ip*i *erpere po**#nt&
(#o c#i#*(#e ci,#* 'ocat at(#e in'itat e#nti*&
-)ammea per cae)#m pa*centi* corpora pa**im.
nam (#id in hoc m#ndo *it eor#m ponere cert#m
di--ici)e*t/ *ed (#id po**it -iat(#e per omne
in 'arii* m#ndi* 'aria ratione creati*&
id doceo p)#ri*(#e *e(#or di*ponere ca#*a*&
moti,#* a*tror#m (#ae po**int e**e per omne/
e (#i,#* #na tamen *it et haec (#o(#e ca#*a nece**e*t&
(#ae 'e%eat mot#m *i%ni*/ *ed (#ae *it ear#m
praecipere ha#d (#a(#am*t pedetemptim pro%redienti*.
Terra(#e #t in media m#ndi re%ione (#ie*cat&
e'ane*cere pa#)atim et decre*cere pond#*
con'enit at(#e a)iam nat#ram *#pter ha,ere
ex ine#nte ae'o coni#nctam at(#e #niter aptam
parti,#* a.rii* m#ndi& (#i,#* in*ita 'i'it.
propterea non e*t oneri ne(#e deprimit a#ra*&
#t *#a c#i(#e homini n#))o *#nt pondere mem,ra
nec cap#t e*t oneri co))o nec deni(#e tot#m
corpori* in pedi,#* pond#* *entim#* ine**e/
at (#ae c#m(#e -ori* 'eni#nt inpo*ta(#e no,i*
pondera *#nt )aed#nt& perm#)to *aepe minora.
#*(#e adeo ma%ni re-ert (#id (#ae(#e (#eat re*.
*ic i%it#r te))#* non e*t a)iena repente
a))ata at(#e a#ri* a)i#nde o,iecta a)ieni*&
*ed pariter prima concepta a, ori%ine m#ndi
certa(#e par* ei#*& (#a*i no,i* mem,ra 'ident#r.
7raeterea %randi tonitr# conc#**a repente
terra *#pra (#ae *e *#nt conc#tit omnia mot#/
(#od -acere ha#t #))a po**et ratione& ni*i e**et
parti,#* a.rii* m#ndi cae)o(#e re'incta/
nam comm#ni,#* inter *e radici,#* haerent
ex ine#nte ae'o coni#ncta at(#e #niter a#cta.
$onne 'ide* etiam (#am ma%no pondere no,i*
*#*tineat corp#* ten#i**ima 'i* animai&
propterea (#ia tam coni#ncta at(#e #niter apta e*t9
!eni(#e iam *a)t# pernici to))ere corp#*
10:
(#id poti* e*t ni*i 'i* animae& (#ae mem,ra %#,ernat9
iamne 'ide* (#ant#m ten#i* nat#ra 'a)ere
po**it& #,i e*t coni#ncta %ra'i c#m corpore& #t a.r
coni#nct#* terri* et no,i* e*t animi 'i*9
$ec nimio *o)i* maior rota nec minor ardor
e**e pote*t& no*tri* (#am *en*i,#* e**e 'idet#r.
nam (#i,#* e *patii* c#m(#e i%ne* )#mina po**#nt
adiicere et ca)id#m mem,ri* ad-)are 'aporem&
ni) ma%ni* inter'a))i* de corpore )i,ant
-)ammar#m& nihi) ad *peciem e*t contractior i%ni*.
proinde& ca)or (#oniam *o)i* )#men(#e pro-#*#m
per'eni#nt no*tro* ad *en*#* et )oca -#)%ent&
-orma (#o(#e hinc *o)i* de,et -i)#m(#e 'ideri&
ni) adeo #t po**i* p)#* a#t min#* addere 'ere.
=per'eni#nt no*tro* ad *en*#* et )oca -#)%ent>
)#na(#e *i'e notho -ert#r )oca )#mine )#*tran*&
*i'e *#am proprio iactat de corpore )#cem&
(#id(#id id e*t& nihi)o -ert#r maiore -i%#ra
(#am& no*tri* oc#)i* (#a cernim#*& e**e 'idet#r.
nam pri#* omnia& (#ae )on%e *emota t#em#r
a.ra per m#)t#m& *pecie con-#*a 'ident#r
(#am min#i -i)#m. (#apropter )#na nece**e e*t&
(#ando(#idem c)aram *peciem certam(#e -i%#ram
prae,et& #t e*t ori* extremi* c#m(#e notata&
(#anta (#o(#e*t& tanta hinc no,i* 'ideat#r in a)to.
po*tremo (#o* c#m(#e 'ide* hinc aetheri* i%ne*&
*cire )icet per(#am pa#xi))o po**e minore*
e**e 'e) exi%#a maiori* parte ,re'i(#e.
(#ando(#idem (#o* c#m(#e in terri* cernim#* =i%ne*>&
d#m tremor =et> c)ar#* d#m cernit#r ardor eor#m&
perpar'om (#iddam inter d#m m#tare 'ident#r
a)teram #tram in partem -i)#m& (#o )on%i#* a,*#nt.
2))#d item non e*t mirand#m& (#a ratione
tant#)#* i))e (#eat tant#m *o) mittere )#men&
(#od maria ac terra* omni* cae)#m(#e ri%ando
comp)eat et ca)ido per-#ndat c#ncta 'apore.
=(#anta (#o(#e*t tanta hinc no,i* 'ideat#r in a)to>
nam )icet hinc m#ndi pate-act#m toti#* #n#m
)ar%i-)##m -ontem *catere at(#e er#mpere )#men&
ex omni m#ndo (#ia *ic e)ementa 'apori*
#ndi(#e con'eni#nt et *ic coniect#* eor#m
con-)#it& ex #no capite hic #t pro-)#at ardor.
nonne 'ide* etiam (#am )ate par'#* a(#ai
prata ri%et -on* inter d#m campi*(#e red#ndet9
e*t etiam (#o(#e #ti non ma%no *o)i* a, i%ni
a.ra percipiat ca)idi* -er'ori,#* ardor&
opport#n#* ita e*t *i -orte et idone#* a.r&
#t (#eat accendi par'i* ardori,#* ict#*/
(#od %en#* inter d#m *e%ete* *tip#)am(#e 'idem#*
accidere ex #na *cinti))a incendia pa**im.
-or*itan et ro*ea *o) a)te )ampade )#cen*
108
po**ideat m#)t#m caeci* -er'ori,#* i%nem
circ#m *e& n#))o (#i *it -#)%ore notat#*&
ae*ti-er #t tant#m radior#m exa#%eat ict#m.
$ec ratio *o)i* *imp)ex =et> recta pate*cit&
(#o pacto ae*ti'i* e parti,#* ae%oceroti*
,r#ma)i* adeat -)ex#* at(#e inde re'erten*
canceri* #t 'ertat meta* ad *o)*titia)i*&
)#na(#e men*i,#* id *pati#m 'ideat#r o,ire&
ann#a *o) in (#o con*#mit tempora c#r*#.
non& in(#am& *imp)ex hi* re,#* reddita ca#*a*t.
nam -ieri 'e) c#m primi* id po**e 'idet#r&
!emocriti (#od *ancta 'iri *ententia ponit&
(#anto (#ae(#e ma%i* *int terram *idera propter&
tanto po**e min#* c#m cae)i t#r,ine -erri/
e'ane*cere enim rapida* i))i#* et acri*
immin#i *#pter 'iri*& ideo(#e re)in(#i
pa#)atim *o)em c#m po*teriori,#* *i%ni*&
in-erior m#)to (#od *it (#am -er'ida *i%na.
et ma%i* hoc )#nam: (#anto demi**ior ei#*
c#r*#* a,e*t proc#) a cae)o terri*(#e propin(#at&
tanto po**e min#* c#m *i%ni* tendere c#r*#m.
-)accidiore etiam (#anto iam t#r,ine -ert#r
in-erior (#am *o)& tanto ma%i* omnia *i%na
hanc adipi*c#nt#r circ#m praeter(#e -er#nt#r.
propterea -it #t haec ad *i%n#m (#od(#e re'erti
mo,i)i#* 'ideat#r& ad hanc (#ia *i%na re'i*#nt.
-it (#o(#e #t e m#ndi tran*'er*i* parti,#* a.r
a)terni* certo -)#ere a)ter tempore po**it&
(#i (#eat ae*ti'i* *o)em detr#dere *i%ni*
,r#ma)i* #*(#e ad -)ex#* %e)id#m(#e ri%orem&
et (#i reiciat %e)idi* a -ri%ori* #m,ri*
ae*ti-era* #*(#e in parti* et -er'ida *i%na.
et ratione pari )#nam *te))a*(#e p#tand#m*t&
(#ae 'o)'#nt ma%no* in ma%ni* or,i,#* anno*&
a.ri,#* po**e a)terni* e parti,#* ire.
nonne 'ide* etiam di'er*i* n#,i)a 'enti*
di'er*a* ire in parti* in-erna *#perni*9
(#i min#* i))a (#eant per ma%no* aetheri* or,i*
ae*ti,#* inter *e di'er*i* *idera -erri9
At nox o,r#it in%enti ca)i%ine terra*&
a#t #,i de )on%o c#r*# *o) #)tima cae)i
imp#)it at(#e *#o* e--)a'it )an%#id#* i%ni*
conc#**o* itere et )a,e-acto* a.re m#)to&
a#t (#ia *#, terra* c#r*#m con'ortere co%it
'i* eadem& *#pra (#ae terra* pert#)it or,em.
Tempore item certo ro*eam Mat#ta per ora*
aetheri* a#roram di--ert et )#mina pandit&
a#t (#ia *o) idem& *#, terra* i))e re'erten*&
anticipat cae)#m radii* accendere temptan*&
a#t (#ia con'eni#nt i%ne* et *emina m#)ta
con-)#ere ardori* con*#er#nt tempore certo&
109
(#ae -aci#nt *o)i* no'a *emper )#mina %i%ni/
(#od %en#* 2daei* -ama e*t e monti,#* a)ti*
di*per*o* i%ni* orienti )#mine cerni&
inde coire %)o,#m (#a*i in #n#m et con-icere or,em.
nec tamen i))#d in hi* re,#* mira,i)e de,et
e**e& (#od haec i%ni* tam certo tempore po**int
*emina con-)#ere et *o)i* reparare nitorem.
m#)ta 'idem#* enim& certo (#ae tempore -i#nt
omni,#* in re,#*. -)ore*c#nt tempore certo
ar,#*ta et certo dimitt#nt tempore -)orem.
nec min#* in certo dente* cadere imperat aeta*
tempore et inp#,em mo))i p#,e*cere 'e*te
et pariter mo))em ma)i* demittere ,ar,am.
-#)mina po*tremo nix im,re* n#,i)a 'enti
non nimi* incerti* -i#nt in parti,#* anni.
nam(#e #,i *ic -#er#nt ca#*ar#m exordia prima
at(#e ita re* m#ndi cecidere a, ori%ine prima&
con*e(#e (#o(#e iam rede#nt ex ordine certo.
<re*cere item(#e die* )icet et ta,e*cere nocte*&
et min#i )#ce*& c#m *#mant a#%mina nocti*&
a#t (#ia *o) idem *#, terra* at(#e *#perne
impari,#* c#rren* am-racti,#* aetheri* ora*
partit et in parti* non ae(#a* di'idit or,em&
et (#od a, a)ter#tra detraxit parte& reponit
ei#* in ad'er*a tanto p)#* parte re)at#*&
donec ad id *i%n#m cae)i per'enit& #,i anni
nod#* noct#rna* exae(#at )#ci,#* #m,ra*/
nam medio c#r*# -)at#* a(#i)oni* et a#*tri
di*tinet ae(#ato cae)#m di*crimine meta*
propter *i%ni-eri po*it#ram toti#* or,i*&
ann#a *o) in (#o conc)#dit tempora *erpen*&
o,)i(#o terra* et cae)#m )#mine )#*tran*&
#t ratio dec)arat eor#m (#i )oca cae)i
omnia di*po*iti* *i%ni* ornata notar#nt.
a#t (#ia cra**ior e*t certi* in parti,#* a.r&
*#, terri* ideo trem#)#m i#,ar hae*itat i%ni*
nec penetrare pote*t -aci)e at(#e emer%ere ad ort#*/
propterea nocte* hi,erno tempore )on%ae
ce**ant& d#m 'eniat radiat#m in*i%ne diei.
a#t etiam& (#ia *ic a)terni* parti,#* anni
tardi#* et citi#* con*#er#nt con-)#ere i%ne*&
(#i -aci#nt *o)em certa de *#r%ere parte&
propterea -it #ti 'ideant#r dicere 'er#m.
L#na pote*t *o)i* radii* perc#**a nitere
in(#e die* ma%i* =id> )#men con'ertere no,i*
ad *peciem& (#ant#m *o)i* *ecedit a, or,i&
doni(#e e#m contra p)eno ,ene )#mine -#)*it
at(#e orien* o,it#* ei#* *#per edita 'idit/
inde min#tatim retro (#a*i condere )#men
de,et item& (#anto propi#* iam *o)i* ad i%nem
)a,it#r ex a)ia *i%nor#m parte per or,em/
110
#t -aci#nt& )#nam (#i -in%#nt e**e pi)ai
con*imi)em c#r*#*(#e 'iam *#, *o)e tenere.
e*t etiam (#are proprio c#m )#mine po**it
'o)'ier et 'aria* *p)endori* reddere -orma*/
corp#* enim )icet e**e a)i#d& (#od -ert#r et #na
)a,it#r omnimodi* occ#r*an* o--icien*(#e&
nec poti* e*t cerni& (#ia ca**#m )#mine -ert#r.
'er*ari(#e pote*t& %)o,#* #t& *i -orte& pi)ai
dimidia ex parti candenti )#mine tinct#*&
'er*ando(#e %)o,#m 'arianti* edere -orma*&
doni(#e eam partem& (#ae c#m(#e e*t i%ni,#* a#cta&
ad *peciem 'ertit no,i* oc#)o*(#e patenti*/
inde min#tatim retro contor(#et et a#-ert
)#ci-eram partem %)omeramini* at(#e pi)ai/
#t Ca,y)onica <ha)dae#m doctrina re-#tan*
a*tro)o%or#m artem contra con'incere tendit&
proinde (#a*i id -ieri ne(#eat (#od p#%nat #ter(#e
a#t min#* hoc i))o *it c#r amp)ectier a#*i*.
deni(#e c#r ne(#eat *emper no'a )#na creari
ordine -ormar#m certo certi*(#e -i%#ri*
in(#e die* pri'o* a,ori*ci (#ae(#e creata
at(#e a)ia i))i#* reparari in parte )oco(#e&
di--ici)e*t ratione docere et 'incere 'er,i*&
ordine c#m ='idea*> tam certo m#)ta creari.
it +er et +en#* et +eneri* praen#nti#* ante
pennat#* %radit#r& Hephyri 'e*ti%ia propter
F)ora (#i,#* mater prae*par%en* ante 'iai
c#ncta co)ori,#* e%re%ii* et odori,#* opp)et.
inde )oci *e(#it#r <a)or arid#* et come* #na
p#)'er#)enta <ere* =et> ete*ia -)a,ra a(#i)on#m.
inde A#t#mn#* adit& %radit#r *im#) 5#hi#* 5#an.
inde a)iae tempe*tate* 'enti(#e *ec#nt#r&
a)titonan* +o)t#rn#* et A#*ter -#)mine po))en*.
tandem Cr#ma ni'e* ad-ert pi%r#m(#e ri%orem
reddit. Hiemp* *e(#it#r crepitan* hanc denti,#* a)%#.
(#o min#* e*t mir#m& *i certo tempore )#na
%i%nit#r et certo de)et#r tempore r#*#*&
c#m -ieri po**int tam certo tempore m#)ta.
;o)i* item (#o(#e de-ect#* )#nae(#e )ate,ra*
p)#ri,#* e ca#*i* -ieri ti,i po**e p#tand#m*t.
nam c#r )#na (#eat terram *ec)#dere *o)i*
)#mine et a terri* a)t#m cap#t o,*tr#ere ei&
o,icien* caec#m radii* ardenti,#* or,em&
tempore eodem a)i#t -acere id non po**e p#tet#r
corp#*& (#od ca**#m )a,at#r )#mine *emper9
*o)(#e *#o* etiam dimittere )an%#id#* i%ni*
tempore c#r certo ne(#eat recreare(#e )#men&
c#m )oca praeteriit -)ammi* in-e*ta per a#ra*&
(#ae -aci#nt i%ni* inter*tin%#i at(#e perire9
et c#r terra (#eat )#nam *po)iare 'ici**im
)#mine et oppre**#m *o)em *#per ip*a tenere&
111
men*tr#a d#m ri%ida* coni per)a,it#r #m,ra*&
tempore eodem a)i#d ne(#eat *#cc#rrere )#nae
corp#* 'e) *#pra *o)i* per)a,ier or,em&
(#od radio* inter r#mpat )#men(#e pro-#*#m9
et tamen ip*a *#o *i -#)%et )#na nitore&
c#r ne(#eat certa m#ndi )an%#e*cere parte&
d#m )oca )#mini,#* proprii* inimica per exit9
=men*tr#a d#m ri%ida* coni per)a,it#r #m,ra*>.
6#od *#pere*t& (#oniam ma%ni per caer#)a m#ndi
(#a -ieri (#ic(#id po**et ratione re*o)'i&
*o)i* #ti 'ario* c#r*#* )#nae(#e meat#*
no*cere po**em#* (#ae 'i* et ca#*a cieret&
(#o'e modo =po**ent> o--ecto )#mine o,ire
et ne(#e opinanti* tene,ri* o,d#cere terra*&
c#m (#a*i coni'ent et aperto )#mine r#r*#m
omnia con'i*#nt c)ara )oca candida )#ce&
n#nc redeo ad m#ndi no'itatem et mo))ia terrae
ar'a& no'o -et# (#id prim#m in )#mini* ora*
to))ere et incerti* crerint committere 'enti*.
7rincipio %en#* her,ar#m 'iridem(#e nitorem
terra dedit circ#m co))i* campo*(#e per omni*&
-)orida -#)*er#nt 'iridanti prata co)ore&
ar,ori,#*(#e dat#m*t 'arii* exinde per a#ra*
cre*cendi ma%n#m inmi**i* certamen ha,eni*.
#t p)#ma at(#e pi)i prim#m *aetae(#e creant#r
(#adriped#m mem,ri* et corpore pennipotent#m&
*ic no'a t#m te))#* her,a* 'ir%#)ta(#e prim#m
*#*t#)it& inde )oci morta)ia *aec)a crea'it
m#)ta modi* m#)ti* 'aria ratione coorta.
nam ne(#e de cae)o cecidi**e anima)ia po**#nt&
nec terre*tria de *a)*i* exi**e )ac#ni*.
)in(#it#r #t merito matern#m nomen adepta
terra *it& e terra (#oniam *#nt c#ncta creata.
m#)ta(#e n#nc etiam exi*t#nt anima)ia terri*
im,ri,#* et ca)ido *o)i* concreta 'apore/
(#o min#* e*t mir#m& *i t#m *#nt p)#ra coorta
et maiora& no'a te))#re at(#e aethere ad#)ta.
principio %en#* a)it##m 'ariae(#e 'o)#cre*
o'a re)in(#e,ant exc)#*ae tempore 'erno&
-o))ic#)o* #t n#nc tereti* ae*tate cicadae
)inc#nt *ponte *#a 'ict#m 'itam(#e petente*.
t#m ti,i terra dedit prim#m morta)ia *aec)a.
m#)t#* enim ca)or at(#e #mor *#pera,at in ar'i*.
hoc #,i (#ae(#e )oci re%io opport#na da,at#r&
cre*ce,ant #teri terram radici,#* apti/
(#o* #,i tempore mat#ro pate -ecerat aeta*
in-ant#m& -#%ien* #morem a#ra*(#e pete**en*&
con'erte,at i,i nat#ra -oramina terrae
et *#c#m 'eni* co%e,at -#ndere aperti*
con*imi)em )acti*& *ic#t n#nc -emina (#ae(#e
c#m peperit& d#)ci rep)et#r )acte& (#od omni*
112
impet#* in mamma* con'ertit#r i))e a)imenti.
terra ci,#m p#eri*& 'e*tem 'apor& her,a c#,i)e
prae,e,at m#)ta et mo))i )an#%ine a,#ndan*.
at no'ita* m#ndi nec -ri%ora d#ra cie,at
nec nimio* ae*t#* nec ma%ni* 'iri,#* a#ra*.
omnia enim pariter cre*c#nt et ro,ora *#m#nt.
6#are etiam at(#e etiam matern#m nomen adepta
terra tenet merito& (#oniam %en#* ip*a crea'it
h#man#m at(#e anima) prope certo tempore -#dit
omne (#od in ma%ni* ,acchat#r monti,#* pa**im&
a.ria*(#e *im#) 'o)#cre* 'arianti,#* -ormi*.
*ed (#ia -inem a)i(#am pariendi de,et ha,ere&
de*titit& #t m#)ier *patio de-e**a 'et#*to.
m#tat enim m#ndi nat#ram toti#* aeta*
ex a)io(#e a)i#* *tat#* excipere omnia de,et
nec manet #))a *#i *imi)i* re*: omnia mi%rant&
omnia comm#tat nat#ra et 'ertere co%it.
nam(#e a)i#d p#tre*cit et ae'o de,i)e )an%#et&
porro a)i#d =*#c>cre*cit et =e> contempti,#* exit.
*ic i%it#r m#ndi nat#ram toti#* aeta*
m#tat& et ex a)io terram *tat#* excipit a)ter&
(#od pot#it ne(#eat& po**it (#od non t#)it ante.
M#)ta(#e t#m te))#* etiam portenta creare
conata*t mira -acie mem,ri*(#e coorta&
andro%ynem& inter#tra* nec#tr#m(#e #trim(#e remot#m&
or,a ped#m partim& man##m 'id#ata 'ici**im&
m#ta *ine ore etiam& *ine 'o)t# caeca reperta&
'incta(#e mem,ror#m per tot#m corp#* adhae*#&
nec -acere #t po**ent (#ic(#am nec cedere (#o(#am
nec 'itare ma)#m nec *#mere (#od 'o)et #*#*.
cetera de %enere hoc mon*tra ac portenta crea,at&
ne (#i(#am& (#oniam nat#ra a,*terr#it a#ct#m
nec pot#ere c#pit#m aetati* tan%ere -)orem
nec reperire ci,#m nec i#n%i per +eneri* re*.
m#)ta 'idem#* enim re,#* conc#rrere de,ere&
#t propa%ando po**int proc#dere *aec)a/
pa,#)a prim#m #t *int& %enita)ia deinde per art#*
*emina (#a po**int mem,ri* manare remi**i*&
-emina(#e #t mari,#* coni#n%i po**it& ha,ere&
m#t#a (#i m#tent inter *e %a#dia #ter(#e.
M#)ta(#e t#m interii**e animant#m *aec)a nece**e*t
nec pot#i**e propa%ando proc#dere pro)em.
nam (#ae c#m(#e 'ide* 'e*ci 'ita)i,#* a#ri*&
a#t do)#* a#t 'irt#* a#t deni(#e mo,i)ita* e*t
ex ine#nte ae'o %en#* id t#ta re*er'an*.
m#)ta(#e *#nt& no,i* ex #ti)itate *#a (#ae
commendata manent& t#te)ae tradita no*trae.
principio %en#* acre )eon#m *ae'a(#e *aec)a
t#tata*t 'irt#*& 'o)pe* do)#* et -#%a cer'o*.
at )e'i*omna can#m -ido c#m pectore corda&
et %en#* omne (#od e*t 'eterino *emine part#m
110
)ani%erae(#e *im#) pec#de* et ,#cera *aec)a
omnia *#nt homin#m t#te)ae tradita& Memmi/
nam c#pide -#%ere -era* pacem(#e *ec#ta
*#nt et )ar%a *#o *ine pa,#)a parta )a,ore&
(#ae dam#* #ti)itati* eor#m praemia ca#*a.
at (#i* ni) hor#m tri,#it nat#ra& nec ip*a
*ponte *#a po**ent #t 'i'ere nec dare no,i*
#ti)itatem a)i(#am& (#are paterem#r eor#m
prae*idio no*tro pa*ci %en#* e**e(#e t#t#m&
*ci)icet haec a)ii* praedae )#cro(#e iace,ant
ind#pedita *#i* -ata)i,#* omnia 'inc)i*&
donec ad interit#m %en#* id nat#ra rede%it.
;ed ne(#e <enta#ri -#er#nt nec tempore in #))o
e**e (#e#nt d#p)ici nat#ra et corpore ,ino
ex a)ieni%eni* mem,ri* compacta& pote*ta*
hinc i))inc parti* #t *at par e**e poti**it.
id )icet hinc (#am'i* he,eti co%no*cere corde.
principio circ#m tri,#* acti* impi%er anni*
-)oret e(##*& p#er ha#t (#a(#am/ nam *aepe etiam n#nc
#,era mammar#m in *omni* )actantia (#aeret.
po*t #,i e(##m 'a)idae 'ire* aetate *enecta
mem,ra(#e de-ici#nt -#%ienti )an%#ida 'ita&
t#m dem#m p#eri)i ae'o -)orenta i#'enta*
o--icit et mo))i 'e*tit )an#%ine ma)a*/
ne -orte ex homine et 'eterino *emine e(#or#m
con-ieri creda* <enta#ro* po**e ne(#e e**e&
a#t rapidi* cani,#* *#ccincta* *emimarini*
corpori,#* ;cy))a* et cetera de %enere hor#m&
inter *e (#or#m di*cordia mem,ra 'idem#*/
(#ae ne(#e -)ore*c#nt pariter nec ro,ora *#m#nt
corpori,#* ne(#e proici#nt aetate *enecta
nec *imi)i +enere arde*c#nt nec mori,#* #ni*
con'eni#nt ne(#e *#nt eadem i#c#nda per art#*.
(#ippe 'idere )icet pin%#e*cere *aepe cic#ta
,ar,i%era* pec#de*& homini (#ae e*t acre 'enen#m.
-)amma (#idem ='ero> c#m corpora -#)'a )eon#m
tam *o)eat torrere at(#e #rere (#am %en#* omne
'i*ceri* in terri* (#od c#m(#e et *an%#ini* extet&
(#i -ieri pot#it& trip)ici c#m corpore #t #na&
prima )eo& po*trema draco& media ip*a& <himaera
ore -ora* acrem -)aret de corpore -)ammam9
(#are etiam te))#re no'a cae)o(#e recenti
ta)ia (#i -in%it pot#i**e anima)ia %i%ni&
nix#* in hoc #no no'itati* nomine inani&
m#)ta )icet *imi)i ratione e--#tiat ore&
a#rea t#m dicat per terra* -)#mina '#)%o
-)#xi**e et %emmi* -)orere ar,#*ta *#.**e
a#t hominem tanto mem,ror#m e**e impete nat#m&
tran* maria a)ta ped#m ni*#* #t ponere po**et
et mani,#* tot#m circ#m *e 'ertere cae)#m.
nam (#od m#)ta -#ere in terri* *emina rer#m&
11
tempore (#o prim#m te))#* anima)ia -#dit&
ni) tamen e*t *i%ni mixta* pot#i**e creari
inter *e pec#de* compacta(#e mem,ra animant#m&
propterea (#ia (#ae de terri* n#nc (#o(#e a,#ndant
her,ar#m %enera ac -r#%e* ar,#*ta(#e )aeta
non tamen inter *e po**#nt comp)exa creari&
*ed re* (#ae(#e *#o rit# procedit et omne*
-oedere nat#rae certo di*crimina *er'ant.
5t %en#* h#man#m m#)to -#it i))#d in ar'i*
d#ri#*& #t dec#it& te))#* (#od d#ra crea**et&
et maiori,#* et *o)idi* ma%i* o**i,#* int#*
-#ndat#m& 'a)idi* apt#m per 'i*cera ner'i*&
nec -aci)e ex ae*t# nec -ri%ore (#od caperet#r
nec no'itate ci,i nec )a,i corpori* #))a.
m#)ta(#e per cae)#m *o)i* 'o)'entia )#*tra
'o)%i'a%o 'itam tracta,ant more -erar#m.
nec ro,#*t#* erat c#r'i moderator aratri
(#i*(#am& nec *ci,at -erro mo)irier ar'a
nec no'a de-odere in terram 'ir%#)ta ne(#e a)ti*
ar,ori,#* 'etere* decidere -a)ci,#* ramo*.
(#od *o) at(#e im,re* dederant& (#od terra crearat
*ponte *#a& *ati* id p)aca,at pectora don#m.
%)andi-era* inter c#ra,ant corpora (#erc#*
p)er#m(#e/ et (#ae n#nc hi,erno tempore cerni*
ar,ita p#niceo -ieri mat#ra co)ore&
p)#rima t#m te))#* etiam maiora -ere,at.
m#)ta(#e praeterea no'ita* t#m -)orida m#ndi
pa,#)a d#ra t#)it& mi*eri* morta)i,#* amp)a.
at *edare *itim -)#'ii -onte*(#e 'oca,ant&
#t n#nc monti,#* e ma%ni* dec#r*#* a(#ai
c)aricitat )ate *itientia *aec)a -erar#m.
deni(#e nota 'a%i* *i)'e*tria temp)a tene,ant
nymphar#m& (#i,#* e *ci,ant #more -)#enta
)#,rica pro)#'ie )ar%a )a'ere #mida *axa&
#mida *axa& *#per 'iridi *ti))antia m#*co&
et partim p)ano *catere at(#e er#mpere campo.
necd#m re* i%ni *ci,ant tractare ne(#e #ti
pe))i,#* et *po)ii* corp#* 'e*tire -erar#m&
*ed nemora at(#e ca'o* monti* *i)'a*(#e co)e,ant
et -r#tice* inter conde,ant *(#a)ida mem,ra
'er,era 'entor#m 'itare im,ri*(#e coacti.
nec comm#ne ,on#m poterant *pectare ne(#e #))i*
mori,#* inter *e *ci,ant nec )e%i,#* #ti.
(#od c#i(#e o,t#)erat praedae -ort#na& -ere,at
*ponte *#a *i,i (#i*(#e 'a)ere et 'i'ere doct#*.
et +en#* in *i)'i* i#n%e,at corpora amant#m/
conci)ia,at enim 'e) m#t#a (#am(#e c#pido
'e) 'io)enta 'iri 'i* at(#e inpen*a )i,ido
'e) preti#m& %)ande* at(#e ar,ita 'e) pira )ecta.
et man##m mira -reti 'irt#te ped#m(#e
con*ecta,ant#r *i)'e*tria *aec)a -erar#m
118
mi**i)i,#* *axi* et ma%no pondere c)a'ae.
m#)ta(#e 'ince,ant& 'ita,ant pa#ca )ate,ri*/
*aeti%eri*(#e pare* *#,#* *i)'e*tria mem,ra
n#da da,ant terrae noct#rno tempore capti&
circ#m *e -o)ii* ac -rondi,#* in'o)'ente*.
nec p)an%ore diem ma%no *o)em(#e per a%ro*
(#aere,ant pa'idi pa)ante* nocti* in #m,ri*&
*ed taciti re*pecta,ant *omno(#e *ep#)ti&
d#m ro*ea -ace *o) in-erret )#mina cae)o.
a par'i* (#od enim con*#erant cernere *emper
a)terno tene,ra* et )#cem tempore %i%ni&
non erat #t -ieri po**et mirarier #m(#am
nec di--idere& ne terra* aeterna teneret
nox in perpet##m detracto )#mine *o)i*.
*ed ma%i* i))#d erat c#rae& (#od *aec)a -erar#m
in-e*tam mi*eri* -acie,ant *aepe (#ietem.
eiecti(#e domo -#%ie,ant *axea tecta
*p#mi%eri *#i* ad'ent# 'a)idi(#e )eoni*
at(#e intempe*ta cede,ant nocte pa'ente*
ho*piti,#* *ae'i* in*trata c#,i)ia -ronde.
$ec nimio t#m p)#* (#am n#nc morta)ia *aec)a
d#)cia )in(#e,ant )amenti* )#mina 'itae.
#n#* enim t#m (#i*(#e ma%i* depren*#* eor#m
pa,#)a 'i'a -eri* prae,e,at& denti,#* ha#*t#*&
et nemora ac monti* %emit# *i)'a*(#e rep)e,at
'i'a 'iden* 'i'o *epe)iri 'i*cera ,#*to.
at (#o* e--#%i#m *er'arat corpore ade*o&
po*teri#* trem#)a* *#per #)cera tetra tenente*
pa)ma* horri-eri* acci,ant 'oci,#* 4rc#m&
doni(#e eo* 'ita pri'arant 'ermina *ae'a
experti* opi*& i%naro* (#id 'o)nera 'e))ent.
at non m#)ta 'ir#m *#, *i%ni* mi)ia d#cta
#na die* da,at exitio nec t#r,ida ponti
ae(#ora )ide,ant na'i* ad *axa 'iro*(#e.
nam temere in ca**#m -r#*tra mare *aepe coort#m
*ae'i,at )e'iter(#e mina* pone,at inani*&
nec poterat (#em(#am p)acidi pe))acia ponti
*#,do)a pe))icere in -ra#dem ridenti,#* #ndi*.
impro,a na'i%ii ratio t#m caeca iace,at.
t#m pen#ria deinde ci,i )an%#entia )eto
mem,ra da,at& contra n#nc rer#m copia mer*at.
i))i inpr#dente* ip*i *i,i *aepe 'enen#m
'er%e,ant& n#nc dant =a)ii*> *o))erti#* ip*i.
2nde ca*a* po*t(#am ac pe))i* i%nem(#e parar#nt
et m#)ier coni#ncta 'iro conce**it in #n#m
A A A
co%nita *#nt& pro)em(#e ex *e 'idere creatam&
t#m %en#* h#man#m prim#m mo))e*cere coepit.
i%ni* enim c#ra'it& #t a)*ia corpora -ri%#*
non ita iam po**ent cae)i *#, te%mine -erre&
et +en#* inmin#it 'iri* p#eri(#e parent#m
116
,)anditii* -aci)e in%eni#m -re%ere *#per,#m.
t#nc et amicitiem coeper#nt i#n%ere a'ente*
-initimi inter *e nec )aedere nec 'io)ari&
et p#ero* commendar#nt m#)ie,re(#e *aec)#m&
'oci,#* et %e*t# c#m ,a),e *i%ni-icarent
im,eci))or#m e**e ae(##m mi*ererier omni*.
nec tamen omnimodi* poterat concordia %i%ni&
*ed ,ona ma%na(#e par* *er'a,at -oedera ca*te/
a#t %en#* h#man#m iam t#m -oret omne perempt#m
nec pot#i**et adh#c perd#cere *aec)a propa%o.
At 'ario* )in%#ae *onit#* nat#ra *#,e%it
mittere et #ti)ita* expre**it nomina rer#m&
non a)ia )on%e ratione at(#e ip*a 'idet#r
protrahere ad %e*t#m p#ero* in-antia )in%#ae&
c#m -acit #t di%ito (#ae *int prae*entia mon*trent.
*entit enim 'im (#i*(#e *#am (#od po**it a,#ti.
corn#a nata pri#* 'it#)o (#am -ronti,#* extent&
i))i* irat#* petit at(#e in-e*t#* in#r%et.
at cat#)i pantherar#m *cymni(#e )eon#m
#n%#i,#* ac pedi,#* iam t#m mor*#(#e rep#%nant&
'ix etiam c#m *#nt dente* #n%#e*(#e creati.
a)it##m porro %en#* a)i* omne 'idem#*
-idere et a penni* trem#)#m petere a#xi)iat#m.
proinde p#tare a)i(#em t#m nomina di*tri,#i**e
re,#* et inde homine* didici**e 'oca,#)a prima&
de*ipere*t. nam c#r hic po**et c#ncta notare
'oci,#* et 'ario* *onit#* emittere )in%#ae&
tempore eodem a)ii -acere id non (#i**e p#tent#r9
praeterea *i non a)ii (#o(#e 'oci,#* #*i
inter *e -#erant& #nde in*ita notitie* e*t
#ti)itati* et #nde data e*t h#ic prima pote*ta*&
(#id 'e))et -acere #t *ciret animo(#e 'ideret9
co%ere item p)#ri* #n#* 'icto*(#e domare
non poterat& rer#m #t perdi*cere nomina 'e))ent.
nec ratione docere #))a *#adere(#e *#rdi*&
(#id *it op#* -acto& -aci)e*t/ ne(#e enim paterent#r
nec ratione #))a *i,i -errent amp)i#* a#ri*
'oci* ina#dito* *onit#* o,t#ndere -r#*tra.
po*tremo (#id in hac mira,i)e tantopere*t re&
*i %en#* h#man#m& c#i 'ox et )in%#a 'i%eret&
pro 'ario *en*# 'aria re* 'oce notaret9
c#m pec#de* m#tae& c#m deni(#e *aec)a -erar#m
di**imi)i* *o)eant 'oce* 'aria*(#e ciere&
c#m met#* a#t do)or e*t et c#m iam %a#dia %)i*c#nt.
(#ippe =et>enim )icet id re,#* co%no*cere aperti*.
inritata can#m c#m prim#m ma%na Mo)o**#m
mo))ia ricta -rem#nt d#ro* n#dantia dente*&
)on%e a)io *onit# ra,ie* =re>*tricta minat#r&
et c#m iam )atrant et 'oci,#* omnia comp)ent/
at cat#)o* ,)ande c#m )in%#a )am,ere temptant
a#t #,i eo* )actant& pedi,#* mor*#(#e potente*
11:
*#*pen*i* tenero* imitant#r denti,#* ha#*t#*&
)on%e a)io pacto %annit# 'oci* ad#)ant&
et c#m de*erti ,a#,ant#r in aedi,#*& a#t c#m
p)oranti* -#%i#nt *#mmi**o corpore p)a%a*.
deni(#e non hinnit#* item di--erre 'idet#r&
inter e(#a* #,i e(##* -)orenti aetate i#'enc#*
pinni%eri *ae'it ca)cari,#* ict#* Amori*
et -remit#m pat#)i* *#, nari,#* edit ad arma&
et c#m *ic a)ia* conc#**i* arti,#* hinnit9
po*tremo %en#* a)it##m 'ariae(#e 'o)#cre*&
accipitre* at(#e o**i-ra%ae mer%i(#e marini*
-)#cti,#* in *a)*o 'ict#m 'itam(#e petente*&
)on%e a)ia* a)io iaci#nt in tempore 'oce*&
et (#om de 'ict# certant praeda(#e rep#%nant.
et partim m#tant c#m tempe*tati,#* #na
ra#ci*ono* cant#*& cornic#m #t *aec)a 'et#*ta
cor'or#m(#e %re%i* #,i a(#am dic#nt#r et im,ri*
po*cere et inter d#m 'ento* a#ra*(#e 'ocare.
er%o *i 'arii *en*#* anima)ia co%#nt&
m#ta tamen c#m *int& 'aria* emittere 'oce*&
(#anto morta)i* ma%i* ae(##m*t t#m pot#i**e
di**imi)i* a)ia at(#e a)ia re* 'oce notare3
2))#d in hi* re,#* tacit#* ne -orte re(#ira*&
-#)men det#)it in terram morta)i,#* i%nem
primit#*& inde omni* -)ammar#m didit#r ardor/
m#)ta 'idem#* enim cae)e*ti,#* in*ita -)ammi*
-#)%ere& c#m cae)i dona'it p)a%a 'apori*.
et ramo*a tamen c#m 'enti* p#)*a 'aci))an*
ae*t#at in ramo* inc#m,en* ar,ori* ar,or&
exprimit#r 'a)idi* extrit#* 'iri,#* i%ni*&
emicat inter d#m -)ammai -er'id#* ardor&
m#t#a d#m inter *e rami *tirpe*(#e ter#nt#r.
(#or#m #tr#m(#e dedi**e pote*t morta)i,#* i%nem.
inde ci,#m (#o(#ere ac -)ammae mo))ire 'apore
*o) doc#it& (#oniam mite*cere m#)ta 'ide,ant
'er,eri,#* radior#m at(#e ae*t# 'icta per a%ro*.
2n(#e die* ma%i* hi 'ict#m 'itam(#e priorem
comm#tare no'i* mon*tra,ant re,#* et i%ni&
in%enio (#i prae*ta,ant et corde 'i%e,ant.
condere coeper#nt #r,i* arcem(#e )ocare
prae*idi#m re%e* ip*i *i,i per-#%i#m(#e&
et pec#de* et a%ro* di'i*ere at(#e dedere
pro -acie c#i#*(#e et 'iri,#* in%enio(#e/
nam -acie* m#)t#m 'a)#it 'ire*(#e 'i%e,ant.
po*teri#* re* in'enta*t a#r#m(#e repert#m&
(#od -aci)e et 'a)idi* et p#)chri* demp*it honorem/
di'itiori* enim *ectam p)er#m(#e *ec#nt#r
(#am )#,et et -orte* et p#)chro corpore creti.
(#od *i(#i* 'era 'itam ratione %#,ernet&
di'itiae %rande* homini *#nt 'i'ere parce
ae(#o animo/ ne(#e enim e*t #m(#am pen#ria par'i.
118
at c)aro* homine* 'o)#er#nt *e at(#e potente*&
#t -#ndamento *ta,i)i -ort#na maneret
et p)acidam po**ent op#)enti de%ere 'itam&
ne (#i(#am& (#oniam ad *#mm#m *#ccedere honorem
certante* iter in-e*t#m -ecere 'iai&
et tamen e *#mmo& (#a*i -#)men& deicit icto*
in'idia inter d#m contemptim in Tartara taetra/
in'idia (#oniam ce# -#)mine *#mma 'aporant
p)er#m(#e et (#ae *#nt a)ii* ma%i* edita c#m(#e/
#t *ati#* m#)to iam *it parere (#iet#m
(#am re%ere imperio re* 'e))e et re%na tenere.
proinde *ine in ca**#m de-e**i *an%#ine *#dent&
an%#*t#m per iter )#ctante* am,itioni*/
(#ando(#idem *api#nt a)ieno ex ore pet#nt(#e
re* ex a#diti* poti#* (#am *en*i,#* ip*i*&
nec ma%i* id n#nc e*t ne(#e erit mox (#am -#it ante.
5r%o re%i,#* occi*i* *#,'er*a iace,at
pri*tina maie*ta* *o)ior#m et *ceptra *#per,a&
et capiti* *#mmi praec)ar#m in*i%ne cr#ent#m
*#, pedi,#* '#)%i ma%n#m )#%e,at honorem/
nam c#pide conc#)cat#r nimi* ante met#t#m.
re* ita(#e ad *#mmam -aecem t#r,a*(#e redi,at&
imperi#m *i,i c#m ac *#mmat#m (#i*(#e pete,at.
inde ma%i*trat#m partim doc#ere creare
i#ra(#e con*tit#ere& #t 'e))ent )e%i,#* #ti.
nam %en#* h#man#m& de-e**#m 'i co)ere ae'om&
ex inimicitii* )an%#e,at/ (#o ma%i* ip*#m
*ponte *#a cecidit *#, )e%e* arta(#e i#ra.
acri#* ex ira (#od enim *e (#i*(#e para,at
#)ci*ci (#am n#nc conce**#m*t )e%i,#* ae(#i*&
hanc o, rem e*t homine* pertae*#m 'i co)ere ae'om.
inde met#* mac#)at poenar#m praemia 'itae.
circ#mretit enim 'i* at(#e ini#ria (#em(#e
at(#e #nde exorta*t& ad e#m p)er#m(#e re'ertit&
nec -aci)e*t p)acidam ac pacatam de%ere 'itam
(#i 'io)at -acti* comm#nia -oedera paci*.
et*i -a))it enim di'om %en#* h#man#m(#e&
perpet#o tamen id -ore c)am di--idere de,et/
(#ippe #,i *e m#)ti per *omnia *aepe )o(#ente*
a#t mor,o de)irante* protraxe -erant#r
et ce)ata =ma)a> in medi#m et peccata dedi**e.
$#nc (#ae ca#*a de#m per ma%na* n#mina %enti*
per'#)%arit et arar#m comp)e'erit #r,i*
*#*cipienda(#e c#rarit *o))emnia *acra&
(#ae n#nc in ma%ni* -)orent *acra re,#* )oci*(#e&
#nde etiam n#nc e*t morta)i,#* in*it#* horror&
(#i de)#,ra de#m no'a toto *#*citat or,i
terrar#m et -e*ti* co%it ce)e,rare die,#*&
non ita di--ici)e*t rationem reddere 'er,i*.
(#ippe etenim iam t#m di'om morta)ia *aec)a
e%re%ia* animo -acie* 'i%i)ante 'ide,ant
119
et ma%i* in *omni* mirando corpori* a#ct#.
hi* i%it#r *en*#m tri,#e,ant propterea (#od
mem,ra mo'ere 'ide,ant#r 'oce*(#e *#per,a*
mittere pro -acie praec)ara et 'iri,#* amp)i*.
aeternam(#e da,ant 'itam& (#ia *emper eor#m
*#,pedita,at#r -acie* et -orma mane,at&
et tamen omnino (#od tanti* 'iri,#* a#cto*
non temere #))a 'i con'inci po**e p#ta,ant.
-ort#ni*(#e ideo )on%e prae*tare p#ta,ant&
(#od morti* timor ha#t (#em(#am 'exaret eor#m&
et *im#) in *omni* (#ia m#)ta et mira 'ide,ant
e--icere et n#))#m capere ip*o* inde )a,orem.
praeterea cae)i ratione* ordine certo
et 'aria annor#m cerne,ant tempora 'erti
nec poterant (#i,#* id -ieret co%no*cere ca#*i*.
er%o per-#%i#m *i,i ha,e,ant omnia di'i*
tradere et i))or#m n#t# -acere omnia -)ecti.
in cae)o(#e de#m *ede* et temp)a )ocar#nt&
per cae)#m 'o)'i (#ia nox et )#na 'idet#r&
)#na die* et nox et nocti* *i%na *e'era
nocti'a%ae(#e -ace* cae)i -)ammae(#e 'o)ante*&
n#,i)a *o) im,re* nix 'enti -#)mina %rando
et rapidi -remit#* et m#rm#ra ma%na minar#m.
4 %en#* in-e)ix h#man#m& ta)ia di'i*
c#m tri,#it -acta at(#e ira* adi#nxit acer,a*3
(#anto* t#m %emit#* ip*i *i,i& (#anta(#e no,i*
'o)nera& (#a* )acrima* peperere minori,#* no*tri*3
nec pieta* #))a*t 'e)at#m *aepe 'ideri
'ertier ad )apidem at(#e omni* accedere ad ara*
nec proc#m,ere h#mi pro*trat#m et pandere pa)ma*
ante de#m de)#,ra nec ara* *an%#ine m#)to
*par%ere (#adr#ped#m nec 'oti* nectere 'ota&
*ed ma%e pacata po**e omnia mente t#eri.
nam c#m *#*picim#* ma%ni cae)e*tia m#ndi
temp)a *#per *te))i*(#e micanti,#* aethera -ix#m&
et 'enit in mentem *o)i* )#nae(#e 'iar#m&
t#nc a)ii* oppre**a ma)i* in pectora c#ra
i))a (#o(#e exper%e-act#m cap#t eri%ere in-it&
ne (#ae -orte de#m no,i* inmen*a pote*ta*
*it& 'ario mot# (#ae candida *idera 'er*et/
temptat enim d#,iam mentem rationi* e%e*ta*&
ec(#ae nam -#erit m#ndi %enita)i* ori%o&
et *im#) ec(#ae *it -ini*& (#oad moenia m#ndi
et taciti mot#* h#nc po**int -erre )a,orem&
an di'init#* aeterna donata *a)#te
perpet#o po**int ae'i )a,entia tract#
inmen*i 'a)ida* ae'i contemnere 'iri*.
praeterea c#i non anim#* -ormidine di'#m
contrahit#r& c#i non correp#nt mem,ra pa'ore&
-#)mini* horri,i)i c#m p)a%a torrida te))#*
contremit et ma%n#m perc#rr#nt m#rm#ra cae)#m9
120
non pop#)i %ente*(#e trem#nt& re%e*(#e *#per,i
corripi#nt di'#m perc#**i mem,ra timore&
ne (#od o, admi**#m -oede dict#m'e *#per,e
poenar#m %ra'e *it *o)'endi temp#* ada#ct#m9
*#mma etiam c#m 'i* 'io)enti per mare 'enti
ind#peratorem c)a**i* *#per ae(#ora 'errit
c#m 'a)idi* pariter )e%ioni,#* at(#e e)ephanti*&
non di'om pacem 'oti* adit ac prece (#ae*it
'entor#m pa'id#* pace* anima*(#e *ec#nda*9
ne (#i(#am& (#oniam 'io)ento t#r,ine *aepe
corrept#* nihi)o -ert#r min#* ad 'ada )eti.
#*(#e adeo re* h#mana* 'i* a,dita (#aedam
opterit et p#)chro* -a*ci* *ae'a*(#e *ec#re*
proc#)care ac )#di,rio *i,i ha,ere 'idet#r.
deni(#e *#, pedi,#* te))#* c#m tota 'aci))at
conc#**ae(#e cad#nt #r,e* d#,iae(#e minant#r&
(#id mir#m *i *e temn#nt morta)ia *aec)a
at(#e pote*tati* ma%na* mira*(#e re)in(##nt
in re,#* 'iri* di'#m& (#ae c#ncta %#,ernent9
6#od *#per e*t& ae=* at>(#e a#r#m -err#m(#e repert#m*t
et *im#) ar%enti pond#* p)#m,i(#e pote*ta*&
i%ni* #,i in%enti* *i)'a* ardore cremarat
monti,#* in ma%ni*& *e# cae)o -#)mine mi**o&
*i'e (#od inter *e ,e))#m *i)'e*tre %erente*
ho*ti,#* int#)erant i%nem -ormidini* er%o&
*i'e (#od ind#cti terrae ,onitate 'o)e,ant
pandere a%ro* pin%#i* et pa*c#a reddere r#ra&
*i'e -era* inter-icere et dite*cere praeda/
nam -o'ea at(#e i%ni pri#* e*t 'enarier ort#m
(#am *aepire p)a%i* *a)t#m cani,#*(#e ciere.
(#ic(#id id e*t& (#a c#m(#e e ca#*a -)amme#* ardor
horri,i)i *onit# *i)'a* exederat a)ti*
a radici,#* et terram percoxerat i%ni&
mana,at 'eni* -er'enti,#* in )oca terrae
conca'a con'enien* ar%enti ri'#* et a#ri&
aeri* item et p)#m,i. (#ae c#m concreta 'ide,ant
po*teri#* c)aro in terra *p)endere co)ore&
to))e,ant nitido capti )e'i(#e )epore&
et *imi)i -ormata 'ide,ant e**e -i%#ra
at(#e )ac#nar#m -#erant 'e*ti%ia c#i(#e.
t#m penetra,at eo* po**e haec )i(#e-acta ca)ore
(#am)i,et in -ormam et -aciem dec#rrere rer#m&
et pror*#m (#am'i* in ac#ta ac ten'ia po**e
m#cron#m d#ci -a*ti%ia proc#dendo&
#t *i,i te)a parent *i)'a*(#e #t caedere po**int
materiem(#e do)are et )e'ia radere ti%na
et tere,rare etiam ac pert#ndere per(#e -orare.
nec min#* ar%ento -acere haec a#ro(#e para,ant
(#am 'a)idi prim#m 'io)enti* 'iri,#* aeri*&
ne (#i(#am& (#oniam cede,at 'icta pote*ta*
nec poterant pariter d#r#m *#--erre )a,orem.
121
nam -#it in pretio ma%i* ae* a#r#m(#e iace,at
propter in#ti)itatem he,eti m#crone ret#*#m/
n#nc iacet ae*& a#r#m in *#mm#m *#cce**it honorem.
*ic 'o)'enda aeta* comm#tat tempora rer#m.
(#od -#it in pretio& -it n#))o deni(#e honore/
porro a)i#d *#ccedit et =e> contempti,#* exit
in(#e die* ma%i* adpetit#r -)oret(#e repert#m
)a#di,#* et miro e*t morta)i* inter honore.
$#nc ti,i (#o pacto -erri nat#ra reperta
*it -aci)e*t ip*i per te co%no*cere& Memmi.
arma anti(#a man#* #n%#e* dente*(#e -#er#nt
et )apide* et item *i)'ar#m -ra%mina rami
et -)amma at(#e i%ne*& po*t (#am *#nt co%nita prim#m.
po*teri#* -erri 'i* e*t aeri*(#e reperta.
et prior aeri* erat (#am -erri co%nit#* #*#*&
(#o -aci)i* ma%i* e*t nat#ra et copia maior.
aere *o)#m terrae tracta,ant& aere(#e ,e))i
mi*ce,ant -)#ct#* et '#)nera 'a*ta *ere,ant
et pec#* at(#e a%ro* adime,ant/ nam -aci)e o))i*
omnia cede,ant armati* n#da et inerma.
inde min#tatim proce**it -erre#* en*i*
'er*a(#e in o,pro,ri#m *pecie* e*t -a)ci* ahenae&
et -erro coepere *o)#m pro*cindere terrae
exae(#ata(#e *#nt creperi certamina ,e))i.
et pri#* e*t armat#m in e(#i con*cendere co*ta*
et moderarier h#nc -reni* dextra(#e 'i%ere
(#am ,ii#%o c#rr# ,e))i temptare peric)a.
et ,ii#%o pri#* e*t (#am ,i* coni#n%ere ,ino*
et (#am -a)ci-ero* armat#m e*cendere c#rr#*.
inde ,o'e* L#ca* t#rrito corpore& tetra*&
an%#iman#*& ,e))i doc#er#nt 'o)nera 7oeni
*#--erre et ma%na* Marti* t#r,are cater'a*.
*ic a)id ex a)io peperit di*cordia tri*ti*&
horri,i)e h#mani* (#od %enti,#* e**et in armi*&
in(#e die* ,e))i terrori,#* addidit a#%men.
Temptar#nt etiam ta#ro* in moenere ,e))i
experti(#e *#e* *ae'o* *#nt mittere in ho*ti*.
et 'a)ido* partim prae *e mi*ere )eone*
c#m doctori,#* armati* *ae'i*(#e ma%i*tri*&
(#i moderarier hi* po**ent 'inc)i*(#e tenere&
ne (#i(#am& (#oniam permixta caede ca)ente*
t#r,a,ant *ae'i n#))o di*crimine t#rma*&
terri-ica* capit#m (#atienti* #ndi(#e cri*ta*&
nec poterant e(#ite* -remit# perterrita e(#or#m
pectora m#)cere et -reni* con'ertere in ho*ti*.
inritata )eae iacie,ant corpora *a)t#
#ndi(#e et ad'er*#m 'enienti,#* ora pate,ant
et nec opinanti* a ter%o deripie,ant
dep)exae(#e da,ant in terram 'o)nere 'icto*&
mor*i,#* ad-ixae 'a)idi* at(#e #n%#i,#* #nci*.
iacta,ant(#e *#o* ta#ri pedi,#*(#e tere,ant
122
et )atera ac 'entre* ha#ri,ant *#pter e(#or#m
corni,#* et terram minitanti mente r#e,ant.
et 'a)idi* *ocio* caede,ant denti,#* apri
te)a in-racta *#o tin%#ente* *an%#ine *ae'i
=in *e -racta *#o tin%#ente* *an%#ine te)a&>
permixta*(#e da,ant e(#it#m pedit#m(#e r#ina*.
nam tran*'er*a -ero* exi,ant denti* adact#*
i#menta a#t pedi,#* 'ento* erecta pete,ant&
ne (#i(#am& (#oniam a, ner'i* *#cci*a 'idere*
concidere at(#e %ra'i terram con*ternere ca*#.
*i (#o* ante domi domito* *ati* e**e p#ta,ant&
e--er'e*cere cerne,ant in re,#* a%#ndi*
'o)neri,#* c)amore -#%a terrore t#m#)t#&
nec poterant #))am partem redd#cere eor#m/
di--#%ie,at enim 'ari#m %en#* omne -erar#m&
#t n#nc *aepe ,o'e* L#cae -erro ma)e mactae
di--#%i#nt& -era -acta *#i* c#m m#)ta dedere.
;ed -acere id non tam 'incendi *pe 'o)#er#nt/
(#am dare (#od %emerent ho*te*& ip*i(#e perire&
(#i n#mero di--ide,ant armi*(#e 'aca,ant&
*i -#it #t -acerent. *ed 'ix add#cor #t ante
non (#ierint animo prae*entire at(#e 'idere&
(#am comm#ne ma)#m -ieret -oed#m(#e& -#t#r#m.
et ma%i* id po**i* -act#m contendere in omni
in 'arii* m#ndi* 'aria ratione creati*&
(#am certo at(#e #no terrar#m (#o)i,et or,i.
$exi)i* ante -#it 'e*ti* (#am texti)e te%men.
texti)e po*t -err#m*t& (#ia -erro te)a parat#r&
nec ratione a)ia po**#nt tam )e'ia %i%ni
in*i)ia ac -#*i& radii& *capi(#e *onante*.
et -acere ante 'iro* )anam nat#ra co.%it
(#am m#)ie,re %en#*/ nam )on%e prae*tat in arte
et *o))erti#* e*t m#)to %en#* omne 'iri)e/
a%rico)ae donec 'itio 'ertere *e'eri&
#t m#)ie,ri,#* id mani,#* concedere 'e))ent
at(#e ip*i pariter d#r#m *#--erre )a,orem
at(#e opere in d#ro d#rarent mem,ra man#*(#e.
At *pecimen *ationi* et in*itioni* ori%o
ip*a -#it rer#m prim#m nat#ra creatrix&
ar,ori,#* (#oniam ,acae %)ande*(#e cad#cae
tempe*ti'a da,ant p#))or#m examina *#pter/
#nde etiam )i,it#m*t *tirpi* committere rami*
et no'a de-odere in terram 'ir%#)ta per a%ro*.
inde a)iam at(#e a)iam c#)t#ram d#)ci* a%e))i
tempta,ant -r#ct#*(#e -ero* man*#e*cere terra
cerne,ant ind#)%endo ,)ande(#e co)endo.
in(#e die* ma%i* in montem *#ccedere *i)'a*
co%e,ant in-ra(#e )oc#m concedere c#)ti*&
prata )ac#* ri'o* *e%ete* 'ineta(#e )aeta
co))i,#* et campi* #t ha,erent& at(#e o)ear#m
caer#)a di*tin%#en* inter p)a%a c#rrere po**et
120
per t#m#)o* et con'a))i* campo*(#e pro-#*a/
#t n#nc e**e 'ide* 'ario di*tincta )epore
omnia& (#ae pomi* inter*ita d#)ci,#* ornant
ar,#*ti*(#e tenent -e)ici,#* op*ita circ#m.
At )i(#ida* a'i#m 'oce* imitarier ore
ante -#it m#)to (#am )e'ia carmina cant#
conce)e,rare homine* po**ent a#ri*(#e i#'are.
et Bephyri ca'a per ca)amor#m *i,i)a prim#m
a%re*ti* doc#ere ca'a* in-)are cic#ta*.
inde min#tatim d#)ci* didicere (#ere))a*&
ti,ia (#a* -#ndit di%iti* p#)*ata canent#m&
a'ia per nemora ac *i)'a* *a)t#*(#e reperta&
per )oca pa*tor#m de*erta at(#e otia dia.
=*ic #n#m (#ic(#id pa#)atim protrahit aeta*
in medi#m ratio(#e in )#mini* er#it ora*.>
haec animo* o))i* m#)ce,ant at(#e i#'a,ant
c#m *atiate ci,i/ nam t#m *#nt omnia cordi.
*aepe ita(#e inter *e pro*trati in %ramine mo))i
propter a(#ae ri'om *#, rami* ar,ori* a)tae.
non ma%ni* opi,#* i#c#nde corpora ha,e,ant&
prae*ertim c#m tempe*ta* ride,at et anni
tempora pin%e,ant 'iridanti* -)ori,#* her,a*.
t#m ioca& t#m *ermo& t#m d#)ce* e**e cachinni
con*#erant/ a%re*ti* enim t#m m#*a 'i%e,at.
t#m cap#t at(#e #mero* p)exi* redimire coroni*
-)ori,#* et -o)ii* )a*ci'ia )aeta mo'e,at&
at(#e extra n#mer#m procedere mem,ra mo'ente*
d#riter et d#ro terram pede pe))ere matrem/
#nde orie,ant#r ri*#* d#)ce*(#e cachinni&
omnia (#od no'a t#m ma%i* haec et mira 'i%e,ant.
et 'i%i)anti,#* hinc aderant *o)acia *omno
d#cere m#)timodi* 'oce* et -)ectere cant#*
et *#pera ca)amo* #nco perc#rrere )a,ro/
#nde etiam 'i%i)e* n#nc haec accepta t#ent#r.
et n#mer#m *er'are %en#* didicere& ne(#e hi)o
maiore interea capi#nt d#)cedine -r#ct#m
(#am *i)'e*tre %en#* capie,at terri%enar#m.
nam (#od ade*t prae*to& ni*i (#id co%no'im#* ante
*#a'i#*& in primi* p)acet et po))ere 'idet#r&
po*terior(#e -ere me)ior re* i))a reperta
perdit et imm#tat *en*#* ad pri*tina (#ae(#e.
*ic odi#m coepit %)andi*& *ic i))a re)icta
*trata c#,i)ia *#nt her,i* et -rondi,#* a#cta.
pe))i* item cecidit 'e*ti* contempta -erina/
(#am reor in'idia ta)i t#nc e**e repertam&
#t )et#m in*idii* (#i %e**it prim#* o,iret&
et tamen inter eo* di*tractam *an%#ine m#)to
di*perii*e ne(#e in -r#ct#m con'ertere (#i**e.
t#nc i%it#r pe))e*& n#nc a#r#m et p#rp#ra c#ri*
exercent homin#m 'itam ,e))o(#e -ati%ant/
(#o ma%i* in no,i*& #t opinor& c#)pa re*edit.
12
-ri%#* enim n#do* *ine pe))i,#* excr#cia,at
terri%ena*/ at no* ni) )aedit 'e*te carere
p#rp#rea at(#e a#ro *i%ni*(#e in%enti,#* apta&
d#m p)e,eia tamen *it& (#ae de-endere po**it.
5r%o homin#m %en#* in ca**#m -r#*tra(#e )a,orat
*emper et =in> c#ri* con*#mit inani,#* ae'om&
ni mir#m (#ia non co%no'it (#ae *it ha,endi
-ini* et omnino (#oad cre*cat 'era 'o)#pta*/
id(#e min#tatim 'itam pro'exit in a)t#m
et ,e))i ma%no* commo'it -#ndit#* ae*t#*.
at 'i%i)e* m#ndi ma%n#m 'er*ati)e temp)#m
*o) et )#na *#o )#*trante* )#mine circ#m
perdoc#ere homine* annor#m tempora 'erti
et certa ratione %eri rem at(#e ordine certo.
2am 'a)idi* *aepti de%e,ant t#rri,#* ae'om&
et di'i*a co)e,at#r di*creta(#e te))#*&
t#m mare 'e)i'o)i* -)ore,at na'i,#* ponti&
a#xi)ia ac *ocio* iam pacto -oedere ha,e,ant&
carmini,#* c#m re* %e*ta* coepere po.tae
tradere/ nec m#)to pri#* *#nt e)ementa reperta.
propterea (#id *it pri#* act#m re*picere aeta*
no*tra ne(#it& ni*i (#a ratio 'e*ti%ia mon*trat.
$a'i%ia at(#e a%ri c#)t#ra* moenia )e%e*
arma 'ia* 'e*te* =et> cetera de %enere hor#m&
praemia& de)icia* (#o(#e 'itae -#ndit#* omni*&
carmina& pict#ra* et daeda)a *i%na po)ita
#*#* et impi%rae *im#) experientia menti*
pa#)atim doc#it pedetemptim pro%redienti*.
*ic #n#m (#ic(#id pa#)atim protrahit aeta*
in medi#m ratio(#e in )#mini* eri%it ora*/
nam(#e a)id ex a)io c)are*cere corde 'ide,ant&
arti,#* ad *#mm#m donec 'enere cac#men.
128
Liber VI

7rimae -r#%iparo* -et#* morta)i,#* ae%ri*
didider#nt (#ondam praec)aro nomine Athenae
et recrea'er#nt 'itam )e%e*(#e ro%ar#nt
et primae deder#nt *o)acia d#)cia 'itae&
c#m %en#ere 'ir#m ta)i c#m corde repert#m&
omnia 'eridico (#i (#ondam ex ore pro-#dit/
c#i#* et extincti propter di'ina reperta
di'o)%ata 'et#* iam ad cae)#m %)oria -ert#r.
nam c#m 'idit hic ad 'ict#m (#ae -)a%itat #*#*
omnia iam -erme morta)i,#* e**e parata
et& pro (#am po**ent& 'itam con*i*tere t#tam&
di'itii* homine* et honore et )a#de potenti*
a--)#ere at(#e ,ona %nator#m exce))ere -ama&
nec min#* e**e domi c#i(#am tamen anxia cordi&
at(#e animi in%rati* 'itam 'exare *ine #))a
pa#*a at(#e in-e*ti* co%i *ae'ire (#ere))i*&
inte))e%it i,i 'iti#m 'a* e--icere ip*#m
omnia(#e i))i#* 'itio corr#mpier int#*&
(#ae con)ata -ori* et commoda c#m(#e 'enirent/
partim (#od -)#x#m pert#*#m(#e e**e 'ide,at&
#t n#))a po**et ratione exp)erier #m(#am&
partim (#od taetro (#a*i con*p#rcare *apore
omnia cerne,at& (#ae c#m(#e receperat& int#*.
'eridici* i%it#r p#r%a'it pectora dicti*
et -inem *tat#it c#ppedini* at(#e timori*
expo*#it(#e ,on#m *#mm#m& (#o tendim#* omne*&
(#id -oret& at(#e 'iam mon*tra'it& tramite par'o
(#a po**em#* ad id recto contendere c#r*#&
(#id'e ma)i -oret in re,#* morta)i,#* pa**im&
(#od -ieret nat#ra)i 'arie(#e 'o)aret
*e# ca*# *e# 'i& (#od *ic nat#ra para**et&
et (#i,#* e porti* occ#rri c#i(#e deceret&
et %en#* h#man#m -r#*tra p)er#m(#e pro,a'it
'o)'ere c#rar#m tri*ti* in pectore -)#ct#*.
non radii *o)i* nec )#cida te)a diei
(#o ma%i* incept#m per%am pertexere dicti*.
5t (#oniam doc#i m#ndi morta)ia temp)a
e**e =et> nati'o con*i*tere corpore cae)#m&
et (#ae c#m(#e in eo -i#nt -ieri(#e nece**e*t
p)era(#e di**o)#i& (#i re*tant percipe porro&
(#ando(#idem *eme) in*i%nem con*cendere c#rr#m
A A A
126
t# mihi *#premae prae*cripta ad candida ca))i*
c#rrenti *pati#m praemon*tra& ca))ida m#*a
<a))iope& re(#ie* homin#m di'om(#e 'o)#pta*&
te d#ce #t in*i%ni capiam c#m )a#de coronam.
A A A
'entor#m exi*tant& p)acent#r =#t> omnia r#r*#m
A A A
(#ae -#erint& *int p)acato con'er*a -#rore.
cetera (#ae -ieri in terri* cae)o(#e t#ent#r
morta)e*& pa'idi* c#m pendent menti,#* *aepe
et -aci#nt animo* h#mi)i* -ormidine di'om
depre**o*(#e prem#nt ad terram propterea (#od
i%norantia ca#*ar#m con-erre deor#m
co%it ad imperi#m re* et concedere re%n#m.
=(#or#m oper#m ca#*a* n#))a ratione 'idere
po**#nt ac -ieri di'ino n#mine rent#r.>
nam ,ene (#i didicere deo* *ec#r#m a%ere ae'om&
*i tamen interea mirant#r (#a ratione
(#ae(#e %eri po**int& prae*ertim re,#* in i))i*
(#ae *#pera cap#t aetherii* cern#nt#r in ori*&
r#r*#* in anti(#a* re-er#nt#r re)i%ioni*
et domino* acri* ad*ci*c#nt& omnia po**e
(#o* mi*eri cred#nt& i%nari (#id (#eat e**e&
(#a nam *it ratione at(#e a)te termin#* haeren*/
(#o ma%i* errante* caeca ratione -er#nt#r.
(#ae ni*i re*p#i* ex animo )on%e(#e remitti*
di* indi%na p#tare a)iena(#e paci* eor#m&
de)i,ata de#m per te ti,i n#mina *ancta
*aepe o,er#nt/ non (#o 'io)ari *#mma de#m 'i*
po**it& #t ex ira poena* petere in,i,at acri*&
*ed (#ia t#te ti,i p)acida c#m pace (#ieto*
con*tit#e* ma%no* irar#m 'o)'ere -)#ct#*&
nec de)#,ra de#m p)acido c#m pectore adi,i*&
nec de corpore (#ae *ancto *im#)acra -er#nt#r
in mente* homin#m di'inae n#ntia -ormae&
*#*cipere haec animi tran(#i))a pace 'a)e,i*.
inde 'idere )icet (#a)i* iam 'ita *e(#at#r.
(#am (#idem #t a no,i* ratio 'eri**ima )on%e
reiciat& (#am(#am *#nt a me m#)ta pro-ecta&
m#)ta tamen re*tant et *#nt ornanda po)iti*
'er*i,#*/ e*t ratio cae)i*(#e tenenda&
*#nt tempe*tate* et -#)mina c)ara canenda&
(#id -aciant et (#a de ca#*a c#m(#e -erant#r/
ne trepide* cae)i di'i*i* parti,#* amen*&
#nde 'o)an* i%ni* per'enerit a#t in #tram *e
'erterit hinc partim& (#o pacto per )oca *aepta
in*in#arit& et hinc dominat#* #t ext#)erit *e.
=(#or#m oper#m ca#*a* n#))a ratione 'idere
po**#nt ac -ieri di'ino n#mine rent#r.>
7rincipio tonitr# (#ati#nt#r caer#)a cae)i
12:
propterea (#ia conc#rr#nt *#,)ime 'o)ante*
aetheriae n#,e* contra p#%nanti,#* 'enti*.
nec -it enim *onit#* cae)i de parte *erena&
'er#m #,i c#m(#e ma%i* den*o *#nt a%mine n#,e*&
tam ma%i* hinc ma%no -remit#* -it m#rm#re *aepe.
praeterea ne(#e tam conden*o corpore n#,e*
e**e (#e#nt (#am *#nt )apide* ac )i%na& ne(#e a#tem
tam ten#e* (#am *#nt ne,#)ae -#mi(#e 'o)ante*/
nam cadere a#t ,r#to de,erent pondere pre**ae
#t )apide*& a#t #t -#m#* con*tare ne(#irent
nec cohi,ere ni'e* %e)ida* et %randini* im,ri*.
!ant etiam *onit#m pat#)i *#per ae(#ora m#ndi&
car,a*#* #t (#ondam ma%ni* intenta theatri*
dat crepit#m ma)o* inter iactata tra,e*(#e&
inter d#m per*ci**a -#rit pet#)anti,#* a#ri*
et -ra%i)i* =*onit#*> chartar#m commeditat#r/
id (#o(#e enim %en#* in tonitr# co%no*cere po**i*&
a#t #,i *#*pen*am 'e*tem charta*(#e 'o)anti*
'er,eri,#* 'enti 'er*ant p)an%#nt(#e per a#ra*.
-it (#o(#e enim inter d#m =#t> non tam conc#rrere n#,e*
-ronti,#* ad'er*i* po**int (#am de )atere ire
di'er*o mot# radente* corpora tractim&
arid#* #nde a#ri* ter%et *on#* i))e di#(#e
d#cit#r& exier#nt donec re%ioni,#* arti*.
Hoc etiam pacto tonitr# conc#**a 'ident#r
omnia *aepe %ra'i tremere et di'o)*a repente
maxima di**i)#i**e capaci* moenia m#ndi&
c#m *#,ito 'a)idi 'enti con)ecta proce))a
n#,i,#* intor*it *e*e conc)#*a(#e i,idem
t#r,ine 'er*anti ma%i* ac ma%i* #ndi(#e n#,em
co%it #ti -iat *pi**o ca'a corpore circ#m&
po*t #,i conmin#it 'i* ei#* et impet#* acer&
t#m perterricrepo *onit# dat *ci**a -ra%orem.
nec mir#m& c#m p)ena animae 'en*ic#)a par'a
*aepe ha#d dat par'#m *onit#m di*p)o*a repente.
5*t etiam ratio& c#m 'enti n#,i)a per-)ant&
#t *onit#* -aciant/ etenim ramo*a 'idem#*
n#,i)a *aepe modi* m#)ti* at(#e a*pera -erri/
*ci)icet #t& cre,ram *i)'am c#m -)amina ca#ri
per-)ant& dant *onit#m -ronde* rami(#e -ra%orem.
Fit (#o(#e #t inter d#m 'a)idi 'i* incita 'enti
per*cindat n#,em per-rin%en* impete recto/
nam (#id po**it i,i -)at#* mani-e*ta docet re*&
hic& #,i )enior e*t& in terra c#m tamen a)ta
ar,#*ta e'o)'en* radici,#* ha#rit a, imi*.
*#nt etiam -)#ct#* per n#,i)a& (#i (#a*i m#rm#r
dant in -ran%endo %ra'iter/ (#od item -it in a)ti*
-)#mini,#* ma%no(#e mari& c#m -ran%it#r ae*t#*.
Fit (#o(#e& #,i e n#,i in n#,em 'i* incidit arden*
-#)mini*/ haec m#)to *i -orte #more recepit
i%nem& contin#o ma%no c)amore tr#cidat/
128
#t ca)idi* canden* -err#m e -ornaci,#* o)im
*tridit& #,i in %e)id#m propter demer*im#* im,rem.
Aridior porro *i n#,e* accipit i%nem&
#rit#r in%enti *onit# *#ccen*a repente&
)a#ricomo* #t *i per monti* -)amma 'a%et#r
t#r,ine 'entor#m com,#ren* impete ma%no/
nec re* #))a ma%i* (#am 7hoe,i !e)phica )a#r#*
terri,i)i *onit# -)amma crepitante cremat#r.
!eni(#e *aepe %e)i m#)t#* -ra%or at(#e r#ina
%randini* in ma%ni* *onit#m dat n#,i,#* a)te/
'ent#* enim c#m con-ercit& -ran%#nt#r in art#m
concreti monte* nim,or#m et %randine mixti.
F#)%it item& n#,e* i%ni* c#m *emina m#)ta
exc#**ere *#o conc#r*#& ce# )apidem *i
perc#tiat )api* a#t -err#m/ nam t#m (#o(#e )#men
exi)it et c)ara* *cinti))a* di**ipat i%ni*.
*ed tonitr#m -it #ti po*t a#ri,#* accipiam#*&
-#)%ere (#am cernant oc#)i& (#ia *emper ad a#ri*
tardi#* ad'eni#nt (#am 'i*#m (#ae mo'eant re*.
id )icet hinc etiam co%no*cere: caedere *i (#em
ancipiti 'idea* -erro proc#) ar,ori* a#ct#m&
ante -it #t cerna* ict#m (#am p)a%a per a#ri*
det *onit#m/ *ic -#)%orem (#o(#e cernim#* ante
(#am tonitr#m accipim#*& pariter (#i mittit#r i%ni
e *imi)i ca#*a& conc#r*# nat#* eodem.
Hoc etiam pacto 'o)#cri )oca )#mine tin%#nt
n#,e* et trem#)o tempe*ta* impete -#)%it.
'ent#* #,i in'a*it n#,em et 'er*at#* i,idem
-ecit #t ante ca'am doc#i *pi**e*cere n#,em&
mo,i)itate *#a -er'e*cit/ #t omnia mot#
perca)e-acta 'ide* arde*cere& p)#m,ea 'ero
%)an* etiam )on%o c#r*# 'o)'enda )i(#e*cit.
er%o -er'id#* hic n#,em c#m per*cidit atram&
di**ipat ardori* (#a*i per 'im expre**a repente
*emina& (#ae -aci#nt nictantia -#)%#ra -)ammae/
inde *on#* *e(#it#r& (#i tardi#* ad)icit a#ri*
(#am (#ae per'eni#nt oc#)or#m ad )#mina no*tra.
*ci)icet hoc den*i* -it n#,i,#* et *im#) a)te
extr#cti* a)ii* a)ia* *#per impete miro.
ne ti,i *it -r#di (#od no* in-erne 'idem#*
(#am *int )ata ma%i* (#am *#r*#m extr#cta (#id extent.
contemp)ator enim& c#m monti,#* ad*im#)ata
n#,i)a porta,#nt 'enti tran*'er*a per a#ra*&
a#t #,i per ma%no* monti* c#m#)ata 'ide,i*
in*#per e**e a)ii* a)ia at(#e #r%#ere *#perna
in *tatione )ocata *ep#)ti* #ndi(#e 'enti*/
t#m poteri* ma%na* mo)e* co%no*cere eor#m
*pe)#nca*(#e 'e) #t *axi* pendenti,#* *tr#cta*
cernere& (#a* 'enti c#m tempe*tate coorta
conp)er#nt& ma%no indi%nant#r m#rm#re c)a#*i
n#,i,#* in ca'ei*(#e -erar#m more minant#r&
129
n#nc hinc n#nc i))inc -remit#* per n#,i)a mitt#nt&
(#aerente*(#e 'iam circ#m 'er*ant#r et i%ni*
*emina con'o)'#nt =e> n#,i,#* at(#e ita co%#nt
m#)ta rotant(#e ca'i* -)ammam -ornaci,#* int#*&
donec di'o)*a -#)*er#nt n#,e cor#*ci.
Hac etiam -it #ti de ca#*a mo,i)i* i))e
de'o)et in terram )i(#idi co)or a#re#* i%ni*&
*emina (#od n#,e* ip*a* perm#)ta nece**#*t
i%ni* ha,ere/ etenim c#m *#nt #more *ine #))o&
-)amme#* =e*t> p)er#m(#e co)o* et *p)endid#* o))i*.
(#ippe etenim *o)i* de )#mine m#)ta nece**e*t
concipere& #t merito r#,eant i%ne*(#e pro-#ndant.
ha*ce i%it#r c#m 'ent#* a%en* contr#*it in #n#m
compre**it(#e )oc#m co%en*& expre**a pro-#nd#nt
*emina& (#ae -aci#nt -)ammae -#)%ere co)ore*.
F#)%it item& c#m rare*c#nt (#o(#e n#,i)a cae)i/
nam c#m 'ent#* ea* )e'iter did#cit e#nti*
di**o)#it(#e& cadant in%rati#* i))a nece**e*t
*emina (#ae -aci#nt -#)%orem. t#m *ine taetro
terrore at(#e *oni* -#)%it n#))o(#e t#m#)t#.
6#od *#pere*t& =(#a)i> nat#ra praedita con*tent
-#)mina& dec)arant ict#* et in#*ta 'apori*
*i%na notae(#e %ra'i* ha)anti* *#)p#ri* a#ra*/
i%ni* enim *#nt haec non 'enti *i%na ne(#e im,ri*.
praeterea *aepe accend#nt (#o(#e tecta domor#m
et ce)eri -)amma dominant#r in aedi,#* ip*i*.
h#nc ti,i *#,ti)em c#m primi* i%ni,#* i%nem
con*tit#it nat#ra min#ti* mo,i)i,#*(#e
corpori,#*& c#i ni) omnino o,*i*tere po**it.
tran*it enim 'a)id#m -#)men per *aepta domor#m
c)amor #t ac 'oce*& tran*it per *axa& per aera
et )i(#id#m p#ncto -acit ae* in tempore et a#r#m.
c#rat item 'a*i* inte%ri* 'ina repente
di--#%iant& (#ia ni mir#m -aci)e omnia circ#m
con)axat rare(#e -acit )ateramina 'a*i*
ad'enien* ca)or ei#* et in*in#at#* in ip*#m
mo,i)iter *o)#en* di--ert primordia 'ini.
(#od *o)i* 'apor aetatem non po**e 'idet#r
e--icere #*(#e adeo po))en* -er'ore cor#*co.
tanto mo,i)ior 'i* et dominantior haec e*t.
$#nc ea (#o pacto %i%nant#r et impete tanto
-iant #t po**int ict# di*c)#dere t#rri*&
di*t#r,are domo*& a'e))ere ti%na tra,e*(#e
et monimenta 'ir#m commo)iri at(#e ciere&
exanimare homine*& pec#de* pro*ternere pa**im&
cetera de %enere hoc (#a 'i -acere omnia po**int&
expediam ne(#e =te> in promi**i* p)#ra mora,or.
F#)mina %i%nier e cra**i* a)te(#e p#tand#m*t
n#,i,#* extr#cti*/ nam cae)o n#))a *ereno
nec )e'iter den*i* mitt#nt#r n#,i,#* #m(#am.
nam d#,io proc#) hoc -ieri mani-e*ta docet re*/
100
(#od t#nc per tot#m concre*c#nt ae.ra n#,e*&
#ndi(#e #ti tene,ra* omni* Acher#nta ream#r
)i(#i**e et ma%na* cae)i comp)e**e ca'erna*&
E#*(#e adeo tetra nim,or#m nocte coorta
inpendent atrae -ormidini* ora *#perne&E
c#m commo)iri tempe*ta* -#)mina coeptat.
praeterea per*aepe ni%er (#o(#e per mare nim,#*&
#t pici* e cae)o demi**#m -)#men& in #nda*
*ic cadit e--ert#* tene,ri* proc#) et trahit atram
-#)mini,#* %ra'idam tempe*tatem at(#e proce))i*&
i%ni,#* ac 'enti* c#m primi* ip*e rep)et#*&
in terra (#o(#e #t horre*cant ac tecta re(#irant.
*ic i%it#r *#pera no*tr#m cap#t e**e p#tand#m*t
tempe*tatem a)tam/ ne(#e enim ca)i%ine tanta
o,r#erent terra*& ni*i inaedi-icata *#perne
m#)ta -orent m#)ti* exempto n#,i)a *o)e/
nec tanto po**ent 'eniente* opprimere im,ri&
-)#mina a,#ndare #t -acerent campo*(#e natare&
*i non extr#cti* -oret a)te n#,i,#* aether.
hic i%it#r 'enti* at(#e i%ni,#* omnia p)ena
*#nt/ ideo pa**im -remit#* et -#)%#ra -i#nt.
(#ippe etenim *#pra doc#i perm#)ta 'apori*
*emina ha,ere ca'a* n#,e* et m#)ta nece**e*t
concipere ex *o)i* radii* ardore(#e eor#m.
hoc #,i 'ent#* ea* idem (#i co%it in #n#m
-orte )oc#m (#em'i*& expre**it m#)ta 'apori*
*emina *e(#e *im#) c#m eo commi*c#it i%ni&
in*in#at#* i,i 'ortex 'er*at#r in arto
et ca)idi* ac#it -#)men -ornaci,#* int#*/
nam d#p)ici ratione accendit#r: ip*e *#a c#m
mo,i)itate ca)e*cit et e conta%i,#* i%ni*.
inde #,i perca)#it 'enti 'i* =et> %ra'i* i%ni*
impet#* ince**it& mat#r#m t#m (#a*i -#)men
per*cindit *#,ito n#,em -ert#r(#e cor#*ci*
omnia )#mini,#* )#*tran* )oca percit#* ardor.
(#em %ra'i* in*e(#it#r *onit#*& di*p)o*a repente
opprimere #t cae)i 'ideant#r temp)a *#perne.
inde tremor terra* %ra'iter pertemptat et a)t#m
m#rm#ra perc#rr#nt cae)#m/ nam tota -ere t#m
tempe*ta* conc#**a tremit -remit#*(#e mo'ent#r.
(#o de conc#**# *e(#it#r %ra'i* im,er et #,er&
omni* #ti 'ideat#r in im,rem 'ertier aether
at(#e ita praecipitan* ad di)#'iem re'ocare/
tant#* di*cidio n#,i* 'enti(#e proce))a
mittit#r& ardenti *onit#* c#m pro'o)at ict#.
5*t etiam c#m 'i* extrin*ec#* incita 'enti
incidit in 'a)idam mat#ro c#)mine n#,em/
(#am c#m per*cidit& extemp)o cadit i%ne#* i))e
'ertex& (#em patrio 'ocitam#* nomine -#)men.
hoc -it idem in parti* a)ia*& (#o c#m(#e t#)it 'i*.
Fit (#o(#e #t inter d#m 'enti 'i* mi**a *ine i%ni
101
i%ni*cat tamen in *patio )on%o(#e meat#&
d#m 'enit amitten* in c#r*# corpora (#aedam
%randia& (#ae ne(#e#nt pariter penetrare per a#ra*&
at(#e a)ia ex ip*o conraden* ae.re portat
par'o)a& (#ae -aci#nt i%nem commixta 'o)ando/
non a)ia )on%e ratione ac p)#m,ea *aepe
-er'ida -it %)an* in c#r*#& c#m m#)ta ri%ori*
corpora dimitten* i%nem concepit in a#ri*.
Fit (#o(#e #t ip*i#* p)a%ae 'i* excitet i%nem&
-ri%ida c#m 'enti pep#)it 'i* mi**a *ine i%ni&
ni mir#m (#ia& c#m 'ehementi perc#)it ict#&
con-)#ere ex ip*o po**#nt e)ementa 'apori*
et *im#) ex i))a (#ae t#m re* excipit ict#m/
#t& )apidem -erro c#m caedim#*& e'o)at i%ni*&
nec& (#od -ri%ida 'i* -erri*t& hoc *eti#* i))i
*emina conc#rr#nt ca)idi -#)%ori* ad ict#m.
*ic i%it#r (#o(#e re* accendi -#)mine de,et&
opport#na -#it *i -orte et idonea -)ammi*.
nec temere omnino p)ane 'i* -ri%ida 'enti
e**e pote*t& ea (#ae tanta 'i mi**a *#perne*t&
(#in& pri#* in c#r*# *i non accendit#r i%ni&
at tepe-acta tamen 'eniat commixta ca)ore.
Mo,i)ita* a#tem -it -#)mini* et %ra'i* ict#*
et ce)eri -erme perc#rr#nt -#)mina )ap*#&
n#,i,#* ip*a (#od omnino pri#* incita *e 'i*
co))i%it et ma%n#m conamen *#mit e#ndi&
inde #,i non pot#it n#,e* capere inpeti* a#ct#m&
exprimit#r 'i* at(#e ideo 'o)at impete miro&
#t 'a)idi* (#ae de tormenti* mi**a -er#nt#r.
Adde (#od e par'i* et )e'i,#* e*t e)ementi*&
nec -aci)e*t ta)i nat#rae o,*i*tere (#ic(#am/
inter enim -#%it ac penetrat per rara 'iar#m&
non i%it#r m#)ti* o--en*i,#* in remorando
hae*itat& hanc o, rem ce)eri 'o)at impete )a,en*.
!einde& (#od omnino nat#ra pondera deor*#m
omnia nit#nt#r& c#m p)a%a*t addita 'ero&
mo,i)ita* d#p)icat#r et impet#* i))e %ra'e*cit&
#t 'ehementi#* et citi#* (#ae c#m(#e morant#r
o,'ia di*c#tiat p)a%i* itiner(#e *e(#at#r.
!eni(#e (#od )on%o 'enit impete& *#mere de,et
mo,i)itatem etiam at(#e etiam& (#ae cre*cit e#ndo
et 'a)ida* a#%et 'iri* et ro,orat ict#m/
nam -acit #t (#ae *int i))i#* *emina c#m(#e
e re%ione )oc#m (#a*i in #n#m c#ncta -erant#r&
omnia conicien* in e#m 'o)'entia c#r*#m.
For*itan ex ip*o 'enien* trahat ae.re (#aedam
corpora& (#ae p)a%i* incend#nt mo,i)itatem.
inco)#mi*(#e 'enit per re* at(#e inte%ra tran*it
m#)ta& -oramini,#* )i(#id#* (#ia tran*'iat i%ni*.
m#)ta(#e per-rin%it& c#m corpora -#)mini* ip*a
corpori,#* rer#m incider#nt& (#a texta tenent#r.
102
di**o)#it porro -aci)e ae* a#r#m(#e repente
con-er'e -acit& e par'i* (#ia -acta min#te
corpori,#* 'i* e*t et )e'i,#* ex e)ementi*&
(#ae -aci)e in*in#ant#r et in*in#ata repente
di**o)#ont nodo* omni* et 'inc)a re)axant.
A#t#mno(#e ma%i* *te))i* -#)%enti,#* a)ta
conc#tit#r cae)i dom#* #ndi(#e tota(#e te))#*&
et c#m tempora *e 'eri* -)orentia pand#nt.
-ri%ore enim de*#nt i%ne* 'enti(#e ca)ore
de-ici#nt ne(#e *#nt tam den*o corpore n#,e*.
inter#tra*(#e i%it#r c#m cae)i tempora con*tant&
t#m 'ariae ca#*ae conc#rr#nt -#)mini* omne*.
nam -ret#* ip*e anni permi*cet -ri%#* =ad> ae*t#m.
(#or#m #tr#m(#e op#* e*t -a,ricanda ad -#)mina n#,i&
#t di*cordia =*it> rer#m ma%no(#e t#m#)t#
i%ni,#* et 'enti* -#ri,#nd#* -)#ct#et ae.r.
#t di*cordia =*it> rer#m ma%no(#e t#m#)t#
i%ni,#* et 'enti* -#ri,#nd#* -)#ct#et ae.r.
prima ca)ori* enim par* e*t po*trema ri%ori*/
temp#* id e*t 'ern#m/ (#are p#%nare nece**e*t
di**imi)i* =re*> inter *e t#r,are(#e mixta*.
et ca)or extrem#* primo c#m -ri%ore mixt#*
'o)'it#r& a#t#mni (#od -ert#r nomine temp#*&
hic (#o(#e con-)i%#nt hieme* ae*tati,#* acre*.
propterea =-reta> *#nt haec anni nominitanda&
nec mir#m*t& in eo *i tempore p)#rima -i#nt
-#)mina tempe*ta*(#e ciet#r t#r,ida cae)o&
ancipiti (#oniam ,e))o t#r,at#r #trim(#e&
hinc -)ammi*& i))inc 'enti* #more(#e mixto.
Hoc e*t i%ni-eri nat#ram -#)mini* ip*am
per*picere et (#a 'i -aciat rem (#am(#e 'idere&
non Tyrrhena retro 'o)'entem carmina -r#*tra
indicia occ#)tae di'#m per(#irere menti*&
#nde 'o)an* i%ni* per'enerit a#t in #tram *e
'erterit hinc partim& (#o pacto per )oca *aepta
in*in#arit& et hinc dominat#* #t ext#)erit *e&
(#id'e nocere (#eat de cae)o -#)mini* ict#*.
(#od *i 2#ppiter at(#e a)ii -#)%entia di'i
terri-ico (#ati#nt *onit# cae)e*tia temp)a
et iaci#nt i%nem (#o c#i(#e*t c#m(#e 'o)#nta*&
c#r (#i,#* inca#t#m *ce)#* a'er*a,i)e c#m(#e*t
non -aci#nt icti -)amma* #t -#)%#ri* ha)ent
pectore per-ixo& doc#men morta)i,#* acre&
et poti#* n#))a *i,i t#rpi con*ci#* in re
'o)'it#r in -)ammi* innoxi#* in(#e pedit#r
t#r,ine cae)e*ti *#,ito corrept#* et i%ni9
c#r etiam )oca *o)a pet#nt -r#*tra(#e )a,orant9
an t#m ,racchia con*#e*c#nt -irmant(#e )acerto*9
in terra(#e patri* c#r te)#m perpeti#nt#r
opt#ndi9 c#r ip*e *init ne(#e parcit in ho*ti*9
100
deni(#e c#r n#m(#am cae)o iacit #ndi(#e p#ro
2#ppiter in terra* -#)men *onit#*(#e pro-#ndit9
an *im#) ac n#,e* *#cce**ere& ip*e in ea* t#m
de*cendit& prope #t hinc te)i determinet ict#*9
in mare (#a porro mittit ratione9 (#id #nda*
ar%#it et )i(#idam mo)em campo*(#e natanti*9
praeterea *i '#)t ca'eam#* -#)mini* ict#m&
c#r d#,itat -acere #t po**im#* cernere mi**#m9
*i nec opinanti* a#tem 'o)t opprimere i%ni&
c#r tonat ex i))a parte& #t 'itare (#eam#*&
c#r tene,ra* ante et -remit#* et m#rm#ra concit9
et *im#) in m#)ta* parti* (#i credere po**i*
mittere9 an hoc a#*i* n#m(#am contendere -act#m&
#t -ierent ict#* #no *#, tempore p)#re*9
at *aepe*t n#mero -act#m -ieri(#e nece**e*t&
#t p)#ere in m#)ti* re%ioni,#* et cadere im,ri*&
-#)mina *ic #no -ieri *#, tempore m#)ta.
po*tremo c#r *ancta de#m de)#,ra *#a*(#e
di*c#tit in-e*to praec)ara* -#)mine *ede*
et ,ene -acta de#m -ran%it *im#)acra *#i*(#e
demit ima%ini,#* 'io)ento 'o)nere honorem9
a)ta(#e c#r p)er#m(#e petit )oca p)#rima(#e ei#*
monti,#* in *#mmi* 'e*ti%ia cernim#* i%ni*9
6#od *#per e*t& -aci)e*t ex hi* co%no*cere re,#*&
pre*tera* 1raii (#o* a, re nominitar#nt&
in mare (#a mi**i 'eniant ratione *#perne.
nam -it #t inter d#m tam (#am demi**a co)#mna
in mare de cae)o de*cendat& (#am -reta circ#m
-er'e*c#nt %ra'iter *piranti,#* incita -)a,ri*&
et (#ae c#m(#e in eo t#m *int depren*a t#m#)t#
na'i%ia in *#mm#m 'eniant 'exata peric)#m.
hoc -it #,i inter d#m non (#it 'i* incita 'enti
r#mpere (#am coepit n#,em& *ed deprimit& #t *it
in mare de cae)o tam (#am demi**a co)#mna&
pa#)atim& (#a*i (#id p#%no ,racchi(#e *#perne
coniect# tr#dat#r et extendat#r in #nda*/
(#am c#m di*cidit& hinc pror#mpit#r in mare 'enti
'i* et -er'orem mir#m concinnat in #ndi*/
'er*a,#nd#* enim t#r,o de*cendit et i))am
ded#cit pariter )ento c#m corpore n#,em/
(#am *im#) ac %ra'idam detr#*it ad ae(#ora ponti&
i))e in a(#am *#,ito tot#m *e inmittit et omne
excitat in%enti *onit# mare -er'ere co%en*.
Fit (#o(#e #t in'o)'at 'enti *e n#,i,#* ip*e
'ertex conraden* ex ae.re *emina n#,i*
et (#a*i demi**#m cae)o pre*tera imitet#r/
hic #,i *e in terra* demi*it di**o)#it(#e&
t#r,ini* immanem 'im pro'omit at(#e proce))ae.
*ed (#ia -it raro omnino monti*(#e nece**e*t
o--icere in terri*& apparet cre,ri#* idem
pro*pect# mari* in ma%no cae)o(#e patenti.
10
$#,i)a concre*c#nt& #,i corpora m#)ta 'o)ando
hoc *#per in cae)i *patio coiere repente
a*periora& modi* (#ae po**int ind#pedita
exi%#i* tamen inter *e compre**a teneri.
haec -aci#nt prim#m par'a* con*i*tere n#,e*/
inde ea comprend#nt inter *e con(#e %re%ant#r
et coni#n%endo cre*c#nt 'enti*(#e -er#nt#r
#*(#e adeo donec tempe*ta* *ae'a coorta*t.
Fit (#o(#e #ti monti* 'icina cac#mina cae)o
(#am *int (#o(#e ma%i*& tanto ma%i* edita -#ment
ad*id#e -#)'ae n#,i* ca)i%ine cra**a
propterea (#ia& c#m con*i*t#nt n#,i)a prim#m&
ante 'idere oc#)i (#am po**int ten'ia& 'enti
portante* co%#nt ad *#mma cac#mina monti*/
hic dem#m -it #ti t#r,a maiore coorta
et conden*a (#eant apparere et *im#) ip*o
'ertice de monti* 'ideant#r *#r%ere in aethram.
nam )oca dec)arat *#r*#m 'ento*a patere
re* ip*a et *en*#*& monti* c#m a*cendim#* a)to*.
7raeterea perm#)ta mari (#o(#e to))ere toto
corpora nat#ram dec)arant )itore 'e*ti*
*#*pen*ae& c#m concipi#nt #mori* adhae*#m.
(#o ma%i* ad n#,i* a#%enda* m#)ta 'ident#r
po**e (#o(#e e *a)*o con*#r%ere momine ponti/
nam ratio con*an%#inea*t #mori,#* omni*.
7raeterea -)#'ii* ex omni,#* et *im#) ip*a
*#r%ere de terra ne,#)a* ae*t#m(#e 'idem#*&
(#ae 'e) #t ha)it#* hinc ita *#r*#m expre**a -er#nt#r
*#--#nd#nt(#e *#a cae)#m ca)i%ine et a)ta*
*#--ici#nt n#,i* pa#)atim con'eni#ndo/
#r%et enim (#o(#e *i%ni-eri *#per aetheri* ae*t#*
et (#a*i den*endo *#,texit caer#)a nim,i*.
Fit (#o(#e #t h#nc 'eniant in cae)#m extrin*ec#* i))a
corpora (#ae -aci#nt n#,i* nim,o*(#e 'o)anti*/
inn#mera,i)em enim n#mer#m *#mmam(#e pro-#ndi
e**e in-initam doc#i& (#anta(#e 'o)arent
corpora mo,i)itate o*tendi (#am(#e repente
immemora,i)e =per> *pati#m tran*ire *o)erent.
ha#t i%it#r mir#m*t& *i par'o tempore *aepe
tam ma%ni* 'enti* tempe*ta* at(#e tene,rae
coperiant maria ac terra* inpen*a *#perne&
#ndi(#e (#ando(#idem per ca#)a* aetheri* omni*
et (#a*i per ma%ni circ#m *pirac#)a m#ndi
exit#* introit#*(#e e)ementi* reddit#* extat.
$#nc a%e& (#o pacto p)#'i#* concre*cat in a)ti*
n#,i,#* #mor et in terra* demi**#* #t im,er
decidat& expediam. prim#m iam *emina a(#ai
m#)ta *im#) 'incam con*#r%ere n#,i,#* ip*i*
omni,#* ex re,#* pariter(#e ita cre*cere #tr#m(#e
et n#,i* et a(#am& (#ae c#m(#e in n#,i,#* extat&
#t pariter no,i* corp#* c#m *an%#ine cre*cit&
108
*#dor item at(#e #mor (#i c#m(#e e*t deni(#e mem,ri*.
concipi#nt etiam m#)t#m (#o(#e *aepe marin#m
#morem& 'e) #ti pendentia 'e))era )anae&
c#m *#pera ma%n#m mare 'enti n#,i)a portant.
con*imi)i ratione ex omni,#* amni,#* #mor
to))it#r in n#,i*. (#o c#m ,ene *emina a(#ar#m
m#)ta modi* m#)ti* con'enere #ndi(#e ada#cta&
con-ertae n#,e* #morem mittere certant
d#p)iciter/ nam 'i* 'enti contr#dit et ip*a
copia nim,or#m t#r,a maiore coacta
#r%et et e *#pero premit ac -acit e--)#ere im,ri*.
praeterea c#m rare*c#nt (#o(#e n#,i)a 'enti*
a#t di**o)'#nt#r *o)i* *#per icta ca)ore&
mitt#nt #morem p)#'i#m *ti))ant(#e& (#a*i i%ni
cera *#per ca)ido ta,e*cen* m#)ta )i(#e*cat.
*ed 'ehemen* im,er -it& #,i 'ehementer #tra(#e
n#,i)a 'i c#m#)ata prem#nt#r et impete 'enti.
at retinere di# p)#'iae )on%#m(#e morari
con*#er#nt& #,i m#)ta cient#r *emina a(#ar#m
at(#e a)ii* a)iae n#,e* nim,i(#e ri%ante*
in*#per at(#e omni '#)%o de parte -er#nt#r&
terra(#e c#m -#man* #morem tota redha)at.
hic #,i *o) radii* tempe*tatem inter opacam
ad'er*a -#)*it nim,or#m a*par%ine contra&
t#m co)or in ni%ri* exi*tit n#,i,#* ar(#i.
<etera (#ae *#r*#m cre*c#nt *#r*#m(#e creant#r&
et (#ae concre*c#nt in n#,i,#*& omnia& pror*#m
omnia& nix 'enti %rando %e)idae(#e pr#inae
et 'i* ma%na %e)i& ma%n#m d#ramen a(#ar#m&
et mora (#ae -)#'io* pa**im re-renat a'enti*&
per-aci)e*t tamen haec reperire animo(#e 'idere&
omnia (#o pacto -iant (#are'e creent#r&
c#m ,ene co%nori* e)ementi* reddita (#ae *int.
$#nc a%e& (#ae ratio terrai moti,#* extet
percipe. et in primi* terram -ac #t e**e reari*
*#pter item #t *#pera 'ento*i* #ndi(#e p)enam
*pe)#nci* m#)to*(#e )ac#* m#)ta*(#e )#c#na*
in %remio %erere et r#pe* der#pta(#e *axa/
m#)ta(#e *#, ter%o terrai -)#mina tecta
'o)'ere 'i -)#ct#* *#mmer*o* =cae>ca p#tand#m*t/
#ndi(#e enim *imi)em e**e *#i re* po*t#)at ip*a.
hi* i%it#r re,#* *#,i#ncti* *#ppo*iti*(#e
terra *#perne tremit ma%ni* conc#**a r#ini*&
*#,ter #,i in%enti* *pe)#nca* *#,r#it aeta*/
(#ippe cad#nt toti monte* ma%no(#e repente
conc#**# )ate di**erp#nt inde tremore*.
et merito& (#oniam p)a#*tri* conc#**a treme*c#nt
tecta 'iam propter non ma%no pondere tota&
nec min#* ex#)tant& *i (#id'i* c#m(#e 'iai
-errato* #trim(#e rotar#m *#cc#tit or,e*.
Fit (#o(#e& #,i in ma%na* a(#ae 'a*ta*(#e )#c#na*
106
%)e,a 'et#*tate e terra pro'o)'it#r in%en*&
#t iactet#r a(#ae -)#ct# (#o(#e terra 'aci))an*/
#t 'a* inter =a(#a*> non (#it con*tare& ni*i #mor
de*titit in d#,io -)#ct# iactarier int#*.
7raeterea 'ent#* c#m per )oca *#,ca'a terrae
co))ect#* parte ex #na proc#m,it et #r%et
o,nix#* ma%ni* *pe)#nca* 'iri,#* a)ta*&
inc#m,it te))#* (#o 'enti prona premit 'i*.
t#m *#pera terram (#ae *#nt extr#cta domor#m
ad cae)#m(#e ma%i* (#anto *#nt edita (#ae(#e&
inc)inata minent in eandem prodita partem
protractae(#e tra,e* inpendent ire paratae.
et met##nt ma%ni nat#ram credere m#ndi
exitia)e a)i(#od temp#* c)adem(#e manere&
c#m 'ideant tantam terrar#m inc#m,ere mo)em3
(#od ni*i re*pirent 'enti& ='i*> n#))a re-renet
re* ne(#e a, exitio po**it reprehendere e#nti*/
n#nc (#ia re*pirant a)terni* in(#e %ra'e*c#nt
et (#a*i co))ecti rede#nt ced#nt(#e rep#)*i&
*aepi#* hanc o, rem minitat#r terra r#ina*
(#am -acit/ inc)inat#r enim retro(#e rece))it
et recipit pro)ap*a *#a* in pondere *ede*.
hac i%it#r ratione 'aci))ant omnia tecta&
*#mma ma%i* medii*& media imi*& ima perhi)#m.
5*t haec ei#*dem (#o(#e ma%ni ca#*a tremori*.
'ent#* #,i at(#e animae *#,ito 'i* maxima (#aedam
a#t extrin*ec#* a#t ip*a te))#re coorta
in )oca *e ca'a terrai coniecit i,i(#e
*pe)#nca* inter ma%na* -remit ante t#m#)t#
'er*a,#nda portat#r& po*t incita c#m 'i*
exa%itata -ora* er#mpit#r et *im#) a)tam
di--inden* terram ma%n#m concinnat hiat#m.
in ;yria ;idone (#od accidit et -#it Ae%i
in 7e)oponne*o& (#a* exit#* hic animai
di*t#r,at #r,e* et terrae mot#* o,ort#*.
m#)ta(#e praeterea cecider#nt moenia ma%ni*
moti,#* in terri* et m#)tae per mare pe**#m
*#,*edere *#i* pariter c#m ci'i,#* #r,e*.
(#od ni*i pror#mpit& tamen impet#* ip*e animai
et -era 'i* 'enti per cre,ra -oramina terrae
di*pertit#r #t horror et inc#tit inde tremorem/
-ri%#* #ti no*tro* penit#* c#m 'enit in art#*&
conc#tit in'ito* co%en* tremere at(#e mo'ere.
ancipiti trepidant i%it#r terrore per #r,i*&
tecta *#perne timent& met##nt in-erne ca'erna*
terrai ne di**o)#at nat#ra repente&
ne# di*tracta *##m )ate di*pandat hiat#m
id(#e *#i* con-#*a 'e)it comp)ere r#ini*.
proinde )icet (#am'i* cae)#m terram(#e reant#r
incorr#pta -ore aeternae mandata *a)#ti:
et tamen inter d#m prae*en* 'i* ip*a peric)i
10:
*#,dit et h#nc *tim#)#m (#adam de parte timori*&
ne pedi,#* raptim te))#* *#,tracta -erat#r
in ,arathr#m rer#m(#e *e(#at#r prodita *#mma
-#ndit#* et -iat m#ndi con-#*a r#ina.
A A A
7rincipio mare mirant#r non reddere mai#*
nat#ram& (#o *it tant#* dec#r*#* a(#ar#m&
omnia (#o 'eniant ex omni -)#mina parte.
adde 'a%o* im,ri* tempe*tate*(#e 'o)ante*&
omnia (#ae maria ac terra* *par%#nt(#e ri%ant(#e/
adde *#o* -onti*/ tamen ad mari* omnia *#mmam
%#ttai 'ix in*tar er#nt #ni#* ada#%men/
(#o min#* e*t mir#m mare non a#%e*cere ma%n#m.
7raeterea ma%nam *o) partem detrahit ae*t#.
(#ippe 'idem#* enim 'e*ti* #more madenti*
ex*iccare *#i* radii* ardenti,#* *o)em/
at pe)a%e m#)ta et )ate *#,*trata 'idem#*.
proinde )icet (#am'i* ex #no (#o(#e )oco *o)
#mori* par'am de)i,et a, ae(#ore partem&
)ar%iter in tanto *patio tamen a#-eret #ndi*.
T#m porro 'enti (#o(#e ma%nam to))ere partem
#mori* po**#nt 'errente* ae(#ora& 'enti*
#na nocte 'ia* (#oniam per*aepe 'idem#*
*iccari mo))i*(#e )#ti concre*cere cr#*ta*.
7raeterea doc#i m#)t#m (#o(#e to))ere n#,e*
#morem ma%no concept#m ex ae(#ore ponti
et pa**im toto terrar#m *par%ere in or,i&
c#m p)#it in terri* et 'enti n#,i)a portant.
7o*tremo (#oniam raro c#m corpore te))#*
e*t et coni#ncta*t ora* mari* #ndi(#e cin%en*&
de,et& #t in mare de terri* 'enit #mor a(#ai&
in terra* itidem manare ex ae(#ore *a)*o/
perco)at#r enim 'ir#* retro(#e remanat
materie* #mori* et ad cap#t amni,#* omni*
con-)#it& inde *#per terra* redit a%mine d#)ci
(#a 'ia *ecta *eme) )i(#ido pede det#)it #nda*.
$#nc ratio (#ae *it& per -a#ce* monti* #t Aetnae
expirent i%ne* inter d#m t#r,ine tanto&
expediam/ ne(#e enim mediocri c)ade coorta
-)ammae tempe*ta* ;ic#)#m dominata per a%ro*
-initimi* ad *e con'ertit %enti,#* ora&
-#mida c#m cae)i *cinti))are omnia temp)a
cernente* pa'ida comp)e,ant pectora c#ra&
(#id mo)iret#r rer#m nat#ra no'ar#m.
Hi*ce ti,i in re,#* )ate*t a)te(#e 'idend#m
et )on%e c#ncta* in parti* di*piciend#m&
#t remini*cari* *#mmam rer#m e**e pro-#ndam
et 'idea* cae)#m *#mmai toti#* #n#m
(#am *it par'#)a par* et (#am m#)te*ima con*tet
nec tota par*& homo terrai (#ota toti#* #n#*.
(#od ,ene propo*it#m *i p)ane cont#eare
108
ac 'idea* p)ane& mirari m#)ta re)in(#a*.
n#m(#i* enim no*tr#m mirat#r& *i(#i* in art#*
accepit ca)ido -e,rim -er'ore coortam
a#t a)i#m (#em'i* mor,i per mem,ra do)orem9
opt#r%e*cit enim *#,ito pe*& arripit acer
*aepe do)or dente*& oc#)o* in'adit in ip*o*&
exi*tit *acer i%ni* et #rit corpore *erpen*
(#am c#m(#e arrip#it partem repit(#e per art#*&
ni mir#m (#ia *#nt m#)tar#m *emina rer#m
et *ati* haec te))#* mor,i cae)#m(#e ma)i -ert&
#nde (#eat 'i* immen*i procre*cere mor,i.
*ic i%it#r toti cae)o terrae(#e p#tand#m*t
ex in-inito *ati* omnia *#ppeditare&
#nde repente (#eat te))#* conc#**a mo'eri
per(#e mare ac terra* rapid#* perc#rrere t#r,o&
i%ni* a,#ndare Aetnae#*& -)amme*cere cae)#m/
id (#o(#e enim -it et arde*c#nt cae)e*tia temp)a
et tempe*tate* p)#'iae %ra'iore coort#
*#nt& #,i -orte ita *e tet#)er#nt *emina a(#ar#m.
@at nimi* e*t in%en* incendi t#r,id#* ardor.@
*ci)icet et -)#'i#* (#i 'i*#* maxim#* ei&
(#i non ante a)i(#em maiorem 'idit& et in%en*
ar,or homo(#e 'idet#r et omnia de %enere omni
maxima (#ae 'idit (#i*(#e& haec in%entia -in%it&
c#m tamen omnia c#m cae)o terra(#e mari(#e
ni) *int ad *#mmam *#mmai toti#* omnem.
$#nc tamen i))a modi* (#i,#* inritata repente
-)amma -ora* 'a*ti* Aetnae -ornaci,#* e--)et&
expediam. prim#m toti#* *#,ca'a monti*
e*t nat#ra -ere *i)ic#m *#--#)ta ca'erni*.
omni,#* e*t porro in *pe)#nci* 'ent#* et ae.r.
'ent#* enim -it& #,i e*t a%itando percit#* ae.r.
hic #,i perca)#it ca)e -ecit(#e omnia circ#m
*axa -#ren*& (#a contin%it& terram(#e et a, o))i*
exc#**it ca)id#m -)ammi* 'e)oci,#* i%nem&
to))it *e ac recti* ita -a#ci,#* eicit a)te.
-ert ita(#e ardorem )on%e )on%e(#e -a'i))am
di--ert et cra**a 'o)'it ca)i%ine -#m#m
extr#dit(#e *im#) mirando pondere *axa/
ne d#,ite* (#in haec animai t#r,ida *it 'i*.
praeterea ma%na ex parti mare monti* ad ei#*
radice* -ran%it -)#ct#* ae*t#m(#e re*o)'it.
ex hoc #*(#e mari *pe)#ncae monti* ad a)ta*
per'eni#nt *#,ter -a#ce*. hac ire -atend#m*t
A A A
et penetrare mari penit#* re* co%it aperto
at(#e e--)are -ora* ideo(#e exto))ere -)ammam
*axa(#e *#,iectare et arenae to))ere nim,o*.
in *#mmo *#nt 'ertice enim cratere*& #t ip*i
nominitant& no* (#od -a#ce* perhi,em#* et ora.
;#nt a)i(#ot (#o(#e re* (#ar#m #nam dicere ca#*am
109
non *ati* e*t& 'er#m p)#ri*& #nde #na tamen *it/
corp#* #t exanim#m *i(#od proc#) ip*e iacere
con*picia* homini*& -it #t omni* dicere ca#*a*
con'eniat )eti& dicat#r #t i))i#* #na/
nam =ne>(#e e#m -erro nec -ri%ore 'incere po**i*
interii**e ne(#e a mor,o ne(#e -orte 'eneno&
'er#m a)i(#id %enere e**e ex hoc (#od conti%it ei
*cim#*. item in m#)ti* hoc re,#* dicere ha,em#*.
$i)#* in ae*tatem cre*cit campi*(#e red#ndat
#nic#* in terri*& Ae%ypti toti#* amni*.
i* ri%at Ae%ypt#m medi#m per *aepe ca)orem&
a#t (#ia *#nt ae*tate a(#i)one* o*tia contra&
anni tempore eo& (#i ete*iae e**e -er#nt#r&
et contra -)#'i#m -)ante* remorant#r et #nda*
co%ente* *#r*#* rep)ent co%#nt(#e manere.
nam d#,io proc#) haec ad'er*o -)a,ra -er#nt#r
-)#mine& (#ae %e)idi* a, *te))i* axi* a%#nt#r/
i))e ex ae*ti-era parti 'enit amni* a, a#*tro
inter ni%ra 'ir#m percocto *aec)a co)ore
exorien* penit#* media a, re%ione diei.
e*t (#o(#e #ti po**it ma%n#* con%e*t#* harenae
-)#cti,#* ad'er*i* oppi)are o*tia contra&
c#m mare permot#m 'enti* r#it int#* harenam/
(#o -it #ti pacto )i,er min#* exit#* amni*
et proc)i'i* item -iat min#* impet#* #ndi*.
-it (#o(#e #ti p)#'iae -or*an ma%i* ad cap#t ei
tempore eo -iant& (#o ete*ia -)a,ra a(#i)on#m
n#,i)a conici#nt in ea* t#nc omnia parti*.
*ci)icet& ad mediam re%ionem eiecta diei
c#m con'ener#nt& i,i ad a)to* deni(#e monti*
contr#*ae n#,e* co%#nt#r 'i(#e prem#nt#r.
-or*itan Aethiop#m penit#* de monti,#* a)ti*
cre*cat& #,i in campo* a),a* de*cendere nin%#e*
ta,i-ici* *#,i%it radii* *o) omnia )#*tran*.
$#nc a%e& A'erna ti,i (#ae *int )oca c#m(#e )ac#*(#e&
expediam& (#a)i nat#ra praedita con*tent.
principio& (#od A'erna 'ocant#r nomine& id a, re
inpo*it#m*t& (#ia *#nt a'i,#* contraria c#ncti*&
e re%ione ea (#od )oca c#m 'enere 'o)ante*&
remi%ii o,)itae pennar#m 'e)a remitt#nt
praecipite*(#e cad#nt mo))i cer'ice pro-#*ae
in terram& *i -orte ita -ert nat#ra )ocor#m&
a#t in a(#am& *i -orte )ac#* *#,*trat#* A'erni.
i* )oc#* e*t <#ma* ap#t& acri *#)p#re monti*
opp)eti ca)idi* #,i -#mant -onti,#* a#cti.
e*t et Athenaei* in moeni,#*& arci* in ip*o
'ertice& 7a))adi* ad temp)#m Tritonidi* a)mae&
(#o n#m(#am penni* appe))#nt corpora ra#cae
cornice*& non c#m -#mant a)taria doni*/
#*(#e adeo -#%itant non ira* 7a))adi* acri*
per'i%i)i ca#*a& 1rai#m #t cecinere poe.tae&
10
*ed nat#ra )oci op#* e--icit ip*a *#apte.
in ;yria (#o(#e -ert#r item )oc#* e**e 'ideri&
(#adripede* (#o(#e (#o *im#) ac 'e*ti%ia prim#m
int#)erint& %ra'iter 'i* co%at concidere ip*a&
mani,#* #t *i *int di'i* mactata repente.
omnia (#ae nat#ra)i ratione %er#nt#r&
et (#i,#* e -iant ca#*i* apparet ori%o/
ian#a ne pote ei* 4rci re%ioni,#* e**e
credat#r& po*t hinc anima* Acher#nti* in ora*
d#cere -orte deo* mani* in-erne ream#r&
nari,#* a)ipede* #t cer'i *aepe p#tant#r
d#cere de )ate,ri* *erpentia *aec)a -erar#m.
(#od proc#) a 'era (#am *it ratione rep#)*#m
percipe/ nam de re n#nc ip*a dicere conor.
7rincipio hoc dico& (#od dixi *aepe (#o(#e ante&
in terra c#i#*(#e modi rer#m e**e -i%#ra*/
m#)ta& ci,o (#ae *#nt& 'ita)ia m#)ta(#e& mor,o*
inc#tere et mortem (#ae po**int adce)erare.
et ma%i* e**e a)ii* a)ia* animanti,#* apta*
re* ad 'itai rationem o*tendim#* ante
propter di**imi)em nat#ram di**imi)i*(#e
text#ra* inter *e*e prima*(#e -i%#ra*.
m#)ta meant inimica per a#ri*& m#)ta per ip*a*
in*in#ant nari* in-e*ta at(#e a*pera tact#&
nec *#nt m#)ta par#m tact# 'itanda ne(#e a#tem
a*pect# -#%ienda *apore(#e tri*tia (#ae *int.
!einde 'idere )icet (#am m#)tae *int homini re*
acriter in-e*to *en*# *p#rcae(#e %ra'i*(#e/
ar,ori,#* prim#m certi* %ra'i* #m,ra tri,#ta
#*(#e adeo& capiti* -aciant #t *aepe do)ore*&
*i(#i* ea* *#,ter iac#it pro*trat#* in her,i*.
e*t etiam ma%ni* He)iconi* monti,#* ar,o*
-)ori* odore hominem taetro con*#eta necare.
*ci)icet haec ideo terri* ex omnia *#r%#nt&
m#)ta modi* m#)ti* m#)tar#m *emina rer#m
(#od permixta %erit te))#* di*creta(#e tradit.
noct#rn#m(#e recen* extinct#m )#men #,i acri
nidore o--endit nare*& con*opit i,idem&
concidere et *p#ma* (#i mor,o mittere *#e'it.
ca*toreo(#e %ra'i m#)ier *opita rec#m,it&
et mani,#* nitid#m teneri* op#* e--)#it ei&
tempore eo *i odorata*t (#o men*tr#a *o)'it.
m#)ta(#e praeterea )an%#entia mem,ra per art#*
*o)'#nt at(#e animam )a,e-actant *edi,#* int#*.
deni(#e *i ca)idi* etiam c#nctere )a'a,ri*
p)enior et )#eri*& *o)io -er'enti* a(#ai
(#am -aci)e in medio -it #ti de* *aepe r#ina*3
car,on#m(#e %ra'i* 'i* at(#e odor in*in#at#r
(#am -aci)e in cere,r#m& ni*i a(#a praecepim#* ante3
at c#m mem,ra doman* percepit -er'ida -e,ri*&
t#m -it odor 'ini p)a%ae macta,i)i* in*tar.
11
nonne 'ide* etiam terra (#o(#e *#)p#r in ip*a
%i%nier et taetro concre*cere odore ,it#men&
deni(#e #,i ar%enti 'ena* a#ri(#e *ec#nt#r&
terrai penit#* *cr#tante* a,dita -erro&
(#a)i* expiret ;capten*#)a *#,ter odore*9
(#id'e ma)i -it #t exa)ent a#rata meta))a3
(#a* homin#m redd#nt -acie* (#a)i*(#e co)ore*3
nonne 'ide* a#di*'e perire in tempore par'o
(#am *o)eant et (#am 'itai copia de*it&
(#o* opere in ta)i cohi,et 'i* ma%na nece**i*9
ho* i%it#r te))#* omni* exae*t#at ae*t#*
expirat(#e -ora* in apert#m prompta(#e cae)i.
;ic et A'erna )oca a)iti,#* *#mmittere de,ent
morti-eram 'im. de terra (#ae *#r%it in a#ra*&
#t *pati#m cae)i (#adam de parte 'enenet/
(#o *im#) ac prim#m penni* de)ata *it a)e*&
impediat#r i,i caeco correpta 'eneno&
#t cadat e re%ione )oci& (#a deri%it ae*t#*.
(#o c#m conr#it& hic eadem 'i* i))i#* ae*t#*
re)i(#ia* 'itae mem,ri* ex omni,#* a#-ert.
(#ippe etenim primo (#a*i (#endam conciet ae*t#m/
po*teri#* -it #ti. c#m iam cecidere 'eneni
in -onti* ip*o*& i,i *it (#o(#e 'ita 'omenda&
propterea (#od ma%na ma)i -it copia circ#m.
Fit (#o(#e #t inter d#m 'i* haec at(#e ae*t#* A'erni
ae.ra& (#i inter a'i* c#m(#e*t terram(#e )ocat#*.
di*c#tiat& prope #ti )oc#* hic )in(#at#r inani*.
c#i#* #,i e re%ione )oci 'enere 'o)anti*&
c)a#dicat extemp)o pinnar#m ni*#* inani*
et conamen #trim(#e a)ar#m prodit#r omne.
hic #,i nixari ne(#e#nt in*i*tere(#e a)i*&
*ci)icet in terram de)a,i pondere co%it
nat#ra& et 'ac##m prope iam per inane iacente*
di*per%#nt anima* per ca#)a* corpori* omni*.
A A A
-ri%idior porro in p#tei* ae*tate -it #mor&
are*cit (#ia terra ca)ore et *emina *i (#a
-orte 'apori* ha,et proprie& dimittit in a#ra*.
(#o ma%i* e*t i%it#r te))#* e--eta ca)ore&
-it (#o(#e -ri%idior (#i in terra*t a,dit#* #mor.
-ri%ore c#m premit#r porro omni* terra coit(#e
et (#a*i concre*cit& -it *ci)icet #t coe#ndo
exprimat in p#teo* *i (#em %erit ip*a ca)orem.
5**e ap#d Hammoni* -an#m -on* )#ce di#rna
-ri%id#* et ca)id#* noct#rno tempore -ert#r.
h#nc homine* -ontem nimi* admirant#r et acri
*o)e p#tant *#,ter terra* -er'e*cere partim&
nox #,i terri,i)i terra* ca)i%ine texit.
(#od nimi* a 'era*t )on%e ratione remot#m.
(#ippe #,i *o) n#d#m contractan* corp#* a(#ai
non (#ierit ca)id#m *#pera de reddere parte&
12
c#m *#per#m )#men tanto -er'ore -r#at#r&
(#i (#eat hic *#pter tam cra**o corpore terram
per(#o(#ere #morem et ca)ido -oci)are 'apore9
prae*ertim c#m 'ix po**it per *aepta domor#m
in*in#are *##m radii* ardenti,#* ae*t#m.
(#ae ratio*t i%it#r9 ni mir#m terra ma%i* (#od
rara tenet circ#m -ontem (#am cetera te))#*
m#)ta(#e *#nt i%ni* prope *emina corp#* a(#ai.
hoc #,i rori-eri* terram nox o,r#it #ndi*&
extemp)o penit#* -ri%e*cit terra coit(#e.
hac ratione -it #t& tam (#am compre**a man# *it&
exprimat in -ontem (#ae *emina c#m(#e ha,et i%ni*&
(#ae ca)id#m -aci#nt )atici* tact#m at(#e 'aporem.
inde #,i *o) radii* terram dimo'it o,ort#*
et rare -ecit ca)ido mi*cente 'apore&
r#r*#* in anti(#a* rede#nt primordia *ede*
i%ni* et in terram cedit ca)or omni* a(#ai.
-ri%id#* hanc o, rem -it -on* in )#ce di#rna.
praeterea *o)i* radii* iactat#r a(#ai
#mor et in )#cem trem#)o rare*cit a, ae*t#/
propterea -it #ti (#ae *emina c#m(#e ha,et i%ni*
dimittat/ (#a*i *aepe %e)#m& (#od continet in *e&
mittit et ex*o)'it %)aciem nodo*(#e re)axat.
Fri%id#* e*t etiam -on*& *#pra (#em *ita *aepe
*t#ppa iacit -)ammam concepto protin#* i%ni&
taeda(#e con*imi)i ratione accen*a per #nda*
con)#cet& (#o c#m(#e natan* impe))it#r a#ri*.
ni mir#m (#ia *#nt in a(#a perm#)ta 'apori*
*emina de terra(#e nece**e*t -#ndit#* ip*a
i%ni* corpora per tot#m con*#r%ere -ontem
et *im#) ex*pirare -ora* exire(#e in a#ra*&
non ita m#)ta tamen& ca)id#* (#eat #t -ieri -on*/
praeterea di*per*a -ora* er#mpere co%it
'i* per a(#am *#,ito *#r*#m(#e ea conci)iari.
(#od %en#* endo mari*t Aradi -on*& d#)ci* a(#ai
(#i *catit et *a)*a* circ#m *e dimo'et #nda*/
et m#)ti* a)ii* prae,et re%ioni,#* ae(#or
#ti)itatem opport#nam *itienti,#* na#ti*&
(#od d#)ci* inter *a)*a* inter'omit #nda*.
*ic i%it#r per e#m po**#nt er#mpere -ontem
et *catere i))a -ora*/ in *t#ppam *emina (#ae c#m
con'eni#nt a#t in taedai corpore adhaerent&
arde*c#nt -aci)e extemp)o& (#ia m#)ta (#o(#e in *e
*emina ha,ent i%ni* *t#ppae taedae(#e tenente*.
nonne 'ide* etiam& noct#rna ad )#mina )in#m
n#per #,i extinct#m admo'ea*& accendier ante
(#am teti%it -)ammam& taedam(#e pari ratione9
m#)ta(#e praeterea pri#* ip*o tacta 'apore
emin#* arde*c#nt (#am commin#* im,#at i%ni*.
hoc i%it#r -ieri (#o(#e in i))o -onte p#tand#m*t.
6#od *#per e*t& a%ere incipiam (#o -oedere -iat
10
nat#rae& )api* hic #t -err#m d#cere po**it&
(#em Ma%neta 'ocant patrio de nomine 1rai&
Ma%net#m (#ia *it patrii* in -ini,#* ort#*.
h#nc homine* )apidem mirant#r/ (#ippe catenam
*aepe ex ane))i* reddit pendenti,#* ex *e.
(#in(#e etenim )icet inter d#m p)#re*(#e 'idere
ordine demi**o )e'i,#* iactarier a#ri*&
#n#* #,i ex #no dependet *#pter adhaeren*
ex a)io(#e a)i#* )apidi* 'im 'inc)a(#e no*cit/
#*(#e adeo permananter 'i* per'a)et ei#*.
Hoc %en#* in re,#* -irmand#m*t m#)ta pri#* (#am
ip*i#* rei rationem reddere po**i*&
et nimi#m )on%i* am,a%i,#* e*t ade#nd#m/
(#o ma%i* attenta* a#ri* anim#m(#e repo*co.
7rincipio omni,#* a, re,#*& (#a* c#m(#e 'idem#*&
perpet#o -)#ere ac mitti *par%i(#e nece**e*t
corpora (#ae -eriant oc#)o* 'i*#m(#e )ace**ant.
perpet#o(#e -)##nt certi* a, re,#* odore*/
-ri%#* #t =a> -)#'ii*& ca)or a *o)e& ae*t#* a, #ndi*
ae(#ori*& exe*or moeror#m& )itora propter/
nec 'arii ce**ant *onit#* manare per a#ra*/
deni(#e in o* *a)*i 'enit #mor *aepe *apori*&
c#m mare 'er*am#r propter& di)#ta(#e contra
c#m t#im#r mi*ceri a,*inthia& tan%it amaror.
#*(#e adeo omni,#* a, re,#* re* (#ae(#e -)#enter
-ert#r et in c#ncta* dimittit#r #ndi(#e parti*
nec mora nec re(#ie* interdat#r #))a -)#endi&
perpet#o (#oniam *entim#* et omnia *emper
cernere odorari )icet et *entire *onare.
$#nc omni* repetam (#am raro corpore *int re*
commemorare/ (#od in primo (#o(#e carmine c)aret.
(#ippe etenim& (#am(#am m#)ta* hoc pertinet ad re*
no*cere& c#m primi* hanc ad rem protin#* ip*am&
(#a de di**erere ad%redior& -irmare nece**e*t
ni) e**e in prompt# ni*i mixt#m corp#* inani.
principio -it #t in *pe)#nci* *axa *#perna
*#dent #more et %#tti* mananti,#* *ti))ent.
manat item no,i* e toto corpore *#dor&
cre*cit ,ar,a pi)i(#e per omnia mem,ra& per art#*.
didit#r in 'ena* ci,#* omni*& a#%et a)it(#e
corpori* extrema* (#o(#e parti* #n%#ic#)o*(#e.
-ri%#* item tran*ire per ae* ca)id#m(#e 'aporem
*entim#*& *entim#* item tran*ire per a#r#m
at(#e per ar%ent#m& c#m poc#)a p)ena tenem#*.
deni(#e per di**aepta domor#m *axea 'oce*
per'o)itant& permanat odor -ri%#*(#e 'apo*(#e
i%ni*& (#i -erri (#o(#e 'im penetrare *#e.'it&
deni(#e (#a circ#m cae)i )orica coe.rcet&
mor,ida 'i*(#e *im#)& c#m extrin*ec#* in*in#at#r/
et tempe*tate in terra cae)o(#e coorta
in cae)#m terra*(#e remotae i#re -ace**#nt/
1
(#ando(#idem nihi) e*t ni*i raro corpore nex#m.
H#c accedit #ti non omnia& (#ae iaci#nt#r
corpora c#m(#e a, re,#*& eodem praedita *en*#
at(#e eodem pacto re,#* *int omni,#* apta.
principio terram *o) exco(#it et -acit are&
at %)aciem di**o)'it et a)ti* monti,#* a)ta*
extr#cta*=(#e> ni'e* radii* ta,e*cere co%it/
deni(#e cera )i(#e -it in ei#* po*ta 'apore.
i%ni* item )i(#id#m -acit ae* a#r#m(#e re*o)'it&
at coria et carnem trahit et cond#cit in #n#m.
#mor a(#ae porro -err#m cond#rat a, i%ni&
at coria et carnem mo))it d#rata ca)ore.
,ar,i%era* o)ea*ter eo i#'at #*(#e cape))a*&
e--)#at am,ro*ia* (#a*i 'ero et nectare tinct#*/
(#a nihi) e*t homini (#od amari#* -ronde ac=ida> extet.
deni(#e amaracin#m -#%itat *#* et timet omne
#n%#ent#m/ nam *aeti%eri* *#,#* acre 'enen#m*t/
(#od no* inter d#m tam (#am recreare 'idet#r.
at contra no,i* caen#m taeterrima c#m *it
*p#rcitie*& eadem *#,#* haec i#c#nda 'idet#r&
in*atia,i)iter toti #t 'o)'ant#r i,idem.
Hoc etiam *#per e*t& ip*a (#am dicere de re
ad%redior& (#od dicend#m pri#* e**e 'idet#r.
m#)ta -oramina c#m 'arii* *int reddita re,#*&
di**imi)i inter *e nat#ra praedita de,ent
e**e et ha,ere *#am nat#ram (#ae(#e 'ia*(#e.
(#ippe etenim 'arii *en*#* animanti,#* in*#nt&
(#or#m (#i*(#e *#am proprie rem percipit in *e/
nam penetrare a)io *onit#* a)io(#e *aporem
cernim#* e *#ci*& a)io nidori* odore*.
=*ci)icet id -ieri co%it nat#ra 'iar#m
m#)timodi* 'arian*& #t pa#)o o*tendim#* ante.>
praeterea manare a)i#d per *axa 'idet#r&
at(#e a)i#d )i%ni*& a)i#d tran*ire per a#r#m&
ar%ento(#e -ora* a)i#d 'itro(#e meare/
nam -)#ere hac *pecie*& i))ac ca)or ire 'idet#r&
at(#e a)ii* a)i#d citi#* tran*mittere eadem.
*ci)icet id -ieri co%it nat#ra 'iar#m
m#)timodi* 'arian*& #t pa#)o o*tendim#* ante&
propter di**imi)em nat#ram texta(#e rer#m.
6#a propter& ,ene #,i haec con-irmata at(#e )ocata
omnia con*titerint no,i* praepo*ta parata&
(#od *#per e*t& -aci)e hinc ratio reddet#r et omni*
ca#*a pate -iet& (#ae -erri pe))iciat 'im.
7rincipio -)#ere e )apide hoc perm#)ta nece**e*t
*emina *i'e ae*t#m& (#i di*c#tit ae.ra p)a%i*&
inter (#i )apidem -err#m(#e e*t c#m(#e )ocat#*.
hoc #,i inanit#r *pati#m m#)t#*(#e 'ace -it
in medio )oc#*& extemp)o primordia -erri
in 'ac##m pro)ap*a cad#nt coni#ncta& -it #t(#e
an#)#* ip*e *e(#at#r eat(#e ita corpore toto.
18
nec re* #))a ma%i* primori,#* ex e)ementi*
ind#pedita *#i* arte conexa cohaeret
(#am 'a)idi -erri nat#ra et -ri%id#* horror.
(#o min#* e*t mir#m& (#od dicit#r e**e a)ien#m&
corpora *i ne(#e#nt e -erro p)#ra coorta
in 'ac##m -erri& (#in an#)#* ip*e *e(#at#r/
(#od -acit et *e(#it#r& donec per'enit ad ip*#m
iam )apidem caeci*(#e in eo compa%i,#* hae*it.
hoc -it idem c#ncta* in parti*/ #nde 'ace -it
c#m(#e )oc#*& *i'e e tran*'er*o *i'e *#perne&
corpora contin#o in 'ac##m 'icina -er#nt#r/
(#ippe a%itant#r enim p)a%i* a)i#nde nec ip*a
*ponte *#a *#r*#m po**#nt con*#r%ere in a#ra*.
h#c accedit item& (#are (#eat id ma%i* e**e&
haec (#o(#e re* adi#mento mot#(#e i#'at#r&
(#od& *im#) a -ronte e*t ane))i rarior ae.r
-act#* inanit#*(#e )oc#* ma%i* ac 'ac#at#*&
contin#o -it #ti (#i po*t e*t c#m(#e )ocat#*
ae.r a ter%o (#a*i pro'ehat at(#e prope))at.
*emper enim circ#m po*it#* re* 'er,erat ae.r/
*ed ta)i -it #ti prope))at tempore -err#m&
parte (#od ex #na *pati#m 'acat et capit in *e.
hic& ti,i (#em memoro& per cre,ra -oramina -erri
par'a* ad parti* *#,ti)iter in*in#at#*
tr#dit et inpe))it& (#a*i na'em 'e)a(#e 'ent#*.
deni(#e re* omne* de,ent in corpore ha,ere
ae.ra& (#ando(#idem raro *#nt corpore et ae.r
omni,#* e*t re,#* circ#m dat#* adpo*it#*(#e.
hic i%it#r& penit#* (#i in -erro*t a,dit#* ae.r&
*o))icito mot# *emper iactat#r eo(#e
'er,erat ane))#m d#,io proc#) et ciet int#*&
*ci)icet i))o eodem -ert#r& (#o praecipita'it
iam *eme) et partem in 'ac#am conamina *#mp*it.
Fit (#o(#e #t a )apide hoc -erri nat#ra recedat
inter d#m& -#%ere at(#e *e(#i con*#eta 'ici**im.
ex#)tare etiam ;amothracia -errea 'idi
et ramenta *im#) -erri -#rere int#* aheni*
in *caphii*& )api* hic Ma%ne* c#m *#,dit#* e**et/
#*(#e adeo -#%ere a *axo %e*tire 'idet#r.
aere interpo*ito di*cordia tanta creat#r
propterea (#ia ni mir#m pri#* ae*t#* #,i aeri*
praecepit -erri(#e 'ia* po**edit aperta*&
po*terior )apidi* 'enit ae*t#* et omnia p)ena
in'enit in -erro ne(#e ha,et (#a tranet #t ante/
co%it#r o--en*are i%it#r p#)*are(#e -)#ct#
-errea texta *#o/ (#o pacto re*p#it a, *e
at(#e per ae* a%itat& *ine eo (#od *aepe re*or,et.
2))#d in hi* re,#* mirari mitte& (#od ae*t#*
non 'a)et e )apide hoc a)ia* impe))ere item re*.
pondere enim -retae partim *tant& (#od %en#* a#r#m/
at partim raro (#ia *#nt c#m corpore& #t ae*t#*
16
per'o)et intact#*& ne(#e#nt inpe))ier #*(#am&
)i%nea materie* in (#o %enere e**e 'idet#r.
inter#tra*(#e i%it#r -erri nat#ra )ocata
aeri* #,i accepit (#aedam corp#*c#)a& t#m -it&
inpe))ant #t eo Ma%ne*ia -)#mine *axa.
nec tamen haec ita *#nt a)iar#m rer#m a)iena&
#t mihi m#)ta par#m %enere ex hoc *#ppeditent#r&
(#ae memorare (#eam inter *e *in%)ariter apta.
*axa 'ide* prim#m *o)a co)e*cere ca)ce.
%)#tine materie* ta#rino i#n%it#r #na&
#t 'itio 'enae ta,#)ar#m *aepi#* hi*cant
(#am )axare (#eant compa%e* ta#rea 'inc)a.
'iti%eni )atice* a(#ai -onti,#* a#dent
mi*ceri& c#m pix ne(#eat %ra'i* et )e'e o)i'om.
p#rp#re#*(#e co)o* conchy)i i#n%it#r #no
corpore c#m )anae& dirimi (#i non (#eat #*(#am&
non *i $ept#ni -)#ct# reno'are operam de*&
non mare *i tot#m 'e)it e)#ere omni,#* #ndi*.
deni(#e re* a#ro non a#r#m cop#)at #na&
aeri(#e =ae*> p)#m,o -it #ti i#n%at#r a, a),o9
cetera iam (#am m#)ta )icet reperire3 (#id er%o9
nec ti,i tam )on%i* op#* e*t am,a%i,#* #*(#am
nec me tam m#)tam hic operam con*#mere par e*t&
*ed ,re'iter pa#ci* prae*tat comprendere m#)ta.
(#or#m ita text#rae cecider#nt m#t#a contra&
#t ca'a con'eniant p)eni* haec i))i#* i))a
h#i#*(#e inter *e& i#nct#ra haec optima con*tat.
e*t etiam& (#a*i #t ane))i* hami*(#e p)icata
inter *e (#aedam po**int cop)ata teneri/
(#od ma%i* in )apide hoc -ieri -erro(#e 'idet#r.
$#nc ratio (#ae *it mor,i* a#t #nde repente
morti-eram po**it c)adem con-)are coorta
mor,ida 'i* homin#m %eneri pec#d#m(#e cater'i*&
expediam& prim#m m#)tar#m *emina rer#m
e**e *#pra doc#i (#ae *int 'ita)ia no,i*&
et contra (#ae *int mor,o morti(#e nece**e*t
m#)ta 'o)are/ ea c#m ca*# *#nt -orte coorta
et pert#r,ar#nt cae)#m& -it mor,id#* ae.r.
at(#e ea 'i* omni* mor,or#m pe*ti)ita*(#e
a#t extrin*ec#* #t n#,e* ne,#)ae(#e *#perne
per cae)#m 'eni#nt a#t ip*a *aepe coorta
de terra *#r%#nt& #,i p#torem #mida nacta*t
intempe*ti'i* p)#'ii*(#e et *o)i,#* icta.
nonne 'ide* etiam cae)i no'itate et a(#ar#m
temptari proc#) a patria (#i c#m(#e domo(#e
ad'eni#nt ideo (#ia )on%e di*crepitant re*9
nam (#id Crittanni* cae)#m di--erre p#tam#*&
et (#od in Ae%ypto e*t& (#a m#ndi c)a#dicat axi*&
(#id'e (#od in 7onto e*t di--erre et 1adi,#* at(#e
#*(#e ad ni%ra 'ir#m percocto *aec)a co)ore9
(#ae c#m (#att#or inter *e di'er*a 'idem#*
1:
(#att#or a 'enti* et cae)i parti,#* e**e&
t#m co)or et -acie* homin#m di*tare 'ident#r
)ar%iter et mor,i %eneratim *aec)a tenere.
e*t e)epha* mor,#* (#i propter -)#mina $i)i
%i%nit#r Ae%ypto in media ne(#e praeterea #*(#am.
Atthide temptant#r %re**#* oc#)i(#e in Achaei*
-ini,#*. inde a)ii* a)i#* )oc#* e*t inimic#*
parti,#* ac mem,ri*/ 'ari#* concinnat id ae.r.
proinde #,i *e cae)#m& (#od no,i* -orte a)ien#m&
commo'et at(#e ae.r inimic#* *erpere coepit&
#t ne,#)a ac n#,e* pa#)atim repit et omne
(#a %radit#r cont#r,at et imm#tare coactat&
-it (#o(#e #t& in no*tr#m c#m 'enit deni(#e cae)#m&
corr#mpat reddat(#e *#i *imi)e at(#e a)ien#m.
haec i%it#r *#,ito c)ade* no'a pe*ti)ita*(#e
a#t in a(#a* cadit a#t -r#%e* per*idit in ip*a*
a#t a)io* homin#m pa*t#* pec#d#m(#e ci,at#*&
a#t etiam *#*pen*a manet 'i* ae.re in ip*o
et& c#m *pirante* mixta* hinc d#cim#* a#ra*&
i))a (#o(#e in corp#* pariter *or,ere nece**e*t.
con*imi)i ratione 'enit ,#,#* (#o(#e *aepe
pe*ti)ita* et iam pi%ri* ,a)anti,#* ae%ror.
nec re-ert #tr#m no* in )oca de'eniam#*
no,i* ad'er*a et cae)i m#tem#* amict#m&
an cae)#m no,i* #)tro nat#ra cor#mpt#m
de-erat a#t a)i(#id (#o non con*#e'im#* #ti&
(#od no* ad'ent# po**it temptare recenti.
Haec ratio (#ondam mor,or#m et morti-er ae*t#*
-ini,#* in <ecropi* -#ne*to* reddidit a%ro*
'a*ta'it(#e 'ia*& exha#*it ci'i,#* #r,em.
nam penit#* 'enien* Ae%ypti -ini,#* ort#*&
ae.ra permen*#* m#)t#m campo*(#e natanti*&
inc#,#it tandem pop#)o 7andioni* omni.
inde cater'atim mor,o morti(#e da,ant#r.
principio cap#t incen*#m -er'ore %ere,ant
et d#p)ici* oc#)o* *#--#*a )#ce r#,ente*.
*#da,ant etiam -a#ce* intrin*ec#* atrae
*an%#ine et #)ceri,#* 'oci* 'ia *aepta coi,at
at(#e animi interpre* mana,at )in%#a cr#ore
de,i)itata ma)i*& mot# %ra'i*& a*pera tact#.
inde #,i per -a#ce* pect#* comp)erat et ip*#m
mor,ida 'i* in cor mae*t#m con-)#xerat ae%ri*&
omnia t#m 'ero 'itai c)a#*tra )a,a,ant.
*pirit#* ore -ora* taetr#m 'o)'e,at odorem&
rancida (#o pero)ent proiecta cada'era rit#.
at(#e animi pror*#m =t#m> 'ire* toti#*& omne
)an%#e,at corp#* )eti iam )imine in ip*o.
into)era,i)i,#*(#e ma)i* erat anxi#* an%or
ad*id#e come* et %emit# commixta (#ere))a&
*in%#)t#*(#e -re(#en* noctem per *aepe diem(#e
corripere ad*id#e ner'o* et mem,ra coactan*
18
di**o)#e,at eo*& de-e**o* ante& -ati%an*.
nec nimio c#i(#am po**e* ardore t#eri
corpori* in *#mmo *#mmam -er'e*cere partem&
*ed poti#* tepid#m mani,#* proponere tact#m
et *im#) #)ceri,#* (#a*i in#*ti* omne r#,ere
corp#*& #t e*t per mem,ra *acer d#m didit#r i%ni*.
intima par* homin#m 'ero -)a%ra,at ad o**a&
-)a%ra,at *tomacho -)amma #t -ornaci,#* int#*.
ni) adeo po**e* c#i(#am )e'e ten'e(#e mem,ri*
'ertere in #ti)itatem& at 'ent#m et -ri%ora *emper.
in -)#'io* partim %e)ido* ardentia mor,o
mem,ra da,ant n#d#m iaciente* corp#* in #nda*.
m#)ti praecipite* nymphi* p#tea)i,#* a)te
incider#nt ip*o 'eniente* ore patente:
in*eda,i)iter *iti* arida corpora mer*an*
ae(#a,at m#)t#m par'i* #mori,#* im,rem.
nec re(#ie* erat #))a ma)i: de-e**a iace,ant
corpora. m#**a,at tacito medicina timore&
(#ippe patentia c#m totien* ardentia mor,i*
)#mina 'er*arent oc#)or#m expertia *omno.
m#)ta(#e praeterea morti* t#m *i%na da,ant#r:
pert#r,ata animi men* in maerore met#(#e&
tri*te *#perci)i#m& -#rio*#* 'o)t#* et acer&
*o))icitae porro p)enae(#e *onori,#* a#re*&
cre,er *pirit#* a#t in%en* raro(#e coort#*&
*#dori*(#e maden* per co))#m *p)endid#* #mor&
ten'ia *p#ta min#ta& croci contacta co)ore
*a)*a(#e per -a#ce* ra#ca 'ix edita t#**i.
in mani,#* 'ero ner'i trahere et tremere art#*
a pedi,#*(#e min#tatim *#ccedere -ri%#*
non d#,ita,at. item ad *#prem#m deni(#e temp#*
conpre**ae nare*& na*i primori* ac#men
ten'e& ca'ati oc#)i& ca'a tempora& -ri%ida pe))i*
d#ra(#e in ore& iacen* rict#& -ron* tenta mane,at.
nec nimio ri%ida po*t art#* morte iace,ant.
octa'o(#e -ere candenti )#mine *o)i*
a#t etiam nona redde,ant )ampade 'itam.
(#or#m *i(#i*& #t e*t& 'itarat -#nera )eti&
#)ceri,#* taetri* et ni%ra pro)#'ie a)'i
po*teri#* tamen h#nc ta,e* )et#m(#e mane,at&
a#t etiam m#)t#* capiti* c#m *aepe do)ore
corr#pt#* *an%#i* exp)eti* nari,#* i,at.
h#c homini* totae 'ire* corp#*(#e -)#e,at.
pro-)#'i#m porro (#i taetri *an%#ini* acre
exierat& tamen in ner'o* h#ic mor,#* et art#*
i,at et in parti* %enita)i* corpori* ip*a*.
et %ra'iter partim met#ente* )imina )eti
'i'e,ant -erro pri'ati parte 'iri)i&
et mani,#* *ine non n#))i pedi,#*(#e mane,ant
in 'ita tamen et perde,ant )#mina partim.
#*(#e adeo morti* met#* ii* ince**erat acer.
19
at(#e etiam (#o*dam cepere o,)i'ia rer#m
c#nctar#m& ne(#e *e po**ent co%no*cere #t ip*i.
m#)ta(#e h#mi c#m inh#mata iacerent corpora *#pra
corpori,#*& tamen a)it##m %en#* at(#e -erar#m
a#t proc#) a,*i)ie,at& #t acrem exiret odorem&
a#t& #,i %#*tarat& )an%#e,at morte propin(#a.
nec tamen omnino temere i))i* *o)i,#* #))a
compare,at a'i*& nec tri*tia *aec)a -erar#m
exi,ant *i)'i*. )an%#e,ant p)era(#e mor,o
et morie,ant#r. c#m primi* -ida can#m 'i*
*trata 'ii* animam pone,at in omni,#* ae%re/
extor(#e,at enim 'itam 'i* mor,ida mem,ri*.
incomitata rapi certa,ant -#nera 'a*ta
nec ratio remedii comm#ni* certa da,at#r/
nam (#od a)i dederat 'ita)i* ae.ri* a#ra*
'o)'ere in ore )icere et cae)i temp)a t#eri&
hoc a)ii* erat exitio )et#m(#e para,at.
2))#d in hi* re,#* mi*erand#m ma%nopere #n#m
aer#mna,i)e erat& (#od #,i *e (#i*(#e 'ide,at
imp)icit#m mor,o& morti damnat#* #t e**et&
de-icien* animo mae*to c#m corde iace,at&
-#nera re*pectan* animam amitte,at i,idem.
(#ippe etenim n#))o ce**a,ant tempore api*ci
ex a)ii* a)io* a'idi conta%ia mor,i&
)ani%era* tam (#am pec#de* et ,#cera *aec)a&
id(#e 'e) in primi* c#m#)a,at -#nere -#n#*
nam (#i c#m(#e *#o* -#%ita,ant 'i*ere ad ae%ro*&
'itai nimi#m c#pido* morti*(#e timenti*
poeni,at pa#)o po*t t#rpi morte ma)a(#e&
de*erto*& opi* experti*& inc#ria mactan*.
(#i -#erant a#tem prae*to& conta%i,#* i,ant
at(#e )a,ore& p#dor (#em t#m co%e,at o,ire
,)anda(#e )a**or#m 'ox mixta 'oce (#ere))ae.
optim#* hoc )eti %en#* er%o (#i*(#e *#,i,at.
7raeterea iam pa*tor et armentari#* omni*
et ro,#*t#* item c#r'i moderator aratri
)an%#e,at& penit#*(#e ca*a contr#*a iace,ant
corpora pa#pertate et mor,o dedita morti.
exanimi* p#eri* *#per exanimata parent#m
corpora non n#m(#am po**e* retro(#e 'idere
matri,#* et patri,#* nato* *#per edere 'itam.
nec minimam partem ex a%ri* maeror i* in #r,em
con-)#xit& )an%#en* (#em cont#)it a%rico)ar#m
copia con'enien* ex omni mor,ida parte.
omnia conp)e,ant )oca tecta(#e (#o ma%i* ae*t#&
con-erto* ita acer'atim mor* acc#m#)a,at.
m#)ta *iti pro*trata 'iam per pro(#e 'o)#ta
corpora *i)ano* ad a(#ar#m *trata iace,ant
interc)#*a anima nimia a, d#)cedine a(#ar#m&
m#)ta(#e per pop#)i pa**im )oca prompta 'ia*(#e
)an%#ida *emanimo c#m corpore mem,ra 'idere*
180
horrida paedore et panni* cooperta perire&
corpori* in)#'ie& pe))i *#per o**i,#* #na&
#)ceri,#* taetri* prope iam *orde(#e *ep#)ta.
omnia deni(#e *ancta de#m de)#,ra rep)erat
corpori,#* mor* exanimi* onerata(#e pa**im
c#ncta cada'eri,#* cae)e*t#m temp)a mane,ant&
ho*piti,#* )oca (#ae comp)erant aedit#ente*.
nec iam re)i%io di'om nec n#mina ma%ni
pende,ant#r enim: prae*en* do)or ex*#pera,at.
nec mo* i))e *ep#)t#rae remane,at in #r,e&
(#o pri#* hic pop#)#* *emper con*#erat h#mari/
pert#r,at#* enim tot#* trepida,at et #n#*
(#i*(#e *##m pro re =co%nat#m> mae*t#* h#ma,at.
m#)ta(#e =re*> *#,ita et pa#perta* horrida *#a*it/
nam(#e *#o* con*an%#ineo* a)iena ro%or#m
in*#per extr#cta in%enti c)amore )oca,ant
*#,de,ant(#e -ace*& m#)to c#m *an%#ine *aepe
rixante*& poti#* (#am corpora de*ererent#r&
in(#e a)ii* a)i#m pop#)#m *epe)ire *#or#m
certante*/ )acrimi* )a**i )#ct#(#e redi,ant/
inde ,onam partem in )ect#m maerore da,ant#r/
nec poterat (#i*(#am reperiri& (#em ne(#e mor,#*
nec mor* nec )#ct#* temptaret tempore ta)i.
F2M
181

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