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trSwf(4)? atmufwdkbmv 2009 ckeSpf tvif;&eH@ *sme,f
w±kwforkdif;ukd rSefrSefuefuefavhvmzkd@vnf; ausmif;om;awGukd cGifhrðyyg?
1989 ckESpf tpkvkduftòyHvkduf owf+yD;uwnfu ppfwyf+ydKuGJ+yD; tm%modrf;r,fvkd@
xifa=u;trsKd;rsKd;ay;cJhayr,fh bmt&dyfta,mifrSm rjrif&yg? urBm}uD;uvnf; pef;yGifh
vGef;wJh w±kwfpD;yGm;a&;aemufyJ oJoJrJrJvkdufae+yD;/ vlxktay: zdESdyfr_awGukdawmh
‘vkyfae=uyJav’ qkd+yD; *±k%moufrd[ef?
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tvif;&eH@ *sme,f trSwf(4)? atmufwdkbmv 2009 ckeSpf
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trSwf(4)? atmufwdkbmv 2009 ckeSpf tvif;&eH@ *sme,f
z±kdufref;&JŒ =oZm
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tvif;&eH@ *sme,f trSwf(4)? atmufwdkbmv 2009 ckeSpf
*k±k}uD;vnf; ru,fEkdif
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trSwf(4)? atmufwdkbmv 2009 ckeSpf tvif;&eH@ *sme,f
z±kdufref&JŒ ausmufeJ@ usefukd ay;wJh t}uHOm%fu csDvDu yDEkdacs;ukd ay;cJhwJh
[mygyJ? ‘zdtm;awGukd OD;r!$wfeJ@/ rsufawmifrcwfeJ@’ (don't bow the pressure
and don't blink) ? yk*v ~ u
d toGiaf jymif;a&;awG qufomvky/f vkt d yf&if qlyu G rf al wGudk
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z±kdufref&JŒc&D;u ay:vpfAsL±kdvl}uD;aygif;pkHeJ@ awG@cJhayr,fh bm&vm'frS
rxifyg? ygarmuQ}uD;ukd ygwDu w&m;0if crf;crf;em;em; óudqkdaqG;aEG;cJhwJhykHawG jynfol
ukd csjyayr,fh pdwfr0ifpm;=uyg? aemufvtenf;i,ft=umrSm wD,efrif&ifjyif
ausmif;om;awG&JŒqENjyr_awG qufwkduf xGufvmygw,f?
trsm;tjrifrSmawmh wD,efrifqENjyyGJawG[m taemufpwkdif 'Drkdua&pD
vkdvm;olawGeJ@ uGefjrLepft,ltq wif;rmolawG=um;u yÉdyuQyGJvkd@yJ odygr,f?
okd@aomf 'Dhxuf av;eufr_awG&Sdaeygw,f? 1989 qENjyyGJukd OD;aqmifcJhol wpfOD;jzpfwJh
0rf[Gmu ol@&JŒ 'China's New Left' pmtkyfrSm ckvkda&;ygw,f?
“qENjyyGJrSm wuUokdvfausmif;om;awGwifru/ puf±kHtvkyform;awG/
q&mawG/ vkyfief;&SifawG/ a&SŒaeawGtxd yg ygw,f? t"duqENjy&jcif;ta=umif;u
wdef@a&Smifyif; vkyfaewJh pD;yGm;a&;ðyjyifajymif;vJr_awGukd róudufvkd@/ rcHpm;Ekdifvkd@? olu
rDvfwefz±kdufrefajymwJhtwkdif;/ t&if;aps;uGufvkdufvkyfawmh ukefaps;E_ef;awGwuf/
tvkyfvufrJhawG rsm;vmw,f? wdef@[m uGefjrLepfzufxm;wm r[kwfbJ uGefjrLepfukd
z±kdufrefeJ@ aygif;+yD; cGmcsaewm? tJ'Dh tajymif;tvJ'%f rcHpm;Ekdif=ujcif;u 1989
tkHºuGr_}uD; jzpfapcJhwm”
wdef@a&Smifyif;u EkdifiHa&;rajymif;bJ/ pD;yGm;a&;yJ ðyjyifajymif;vJcsifawmh
t=uyftwnf; &ifqkdifoGm;&w,f? wu,fu ygwDtwGif;rSm taxGaxGtwGif;a&;r_;
ausmufusd,efvkd pD;yGm;a&;aum EkdifiHa&;yg tcsKd;usus ðyjyifajymif;vJcsifolawG &Sdae
ygw,f? 'gayr,fh ygwDwGif; xdyfwef;tm%mvuf0,f&Sdoltrsm;pku EkdifiHa&;ðyjyif
ajymif;vJzkd@ rpGef@pm;csifyg? 'ga=umifhvJ tajzu qENjyolawGukd acsr_ef;+yD; wdef@&JŒ
pD;yGm;a&;oufouf ðyjyifajymif;vJa&;c&D;qufzkd@ qkH;jzwfvkduf=uwm?
qkdcJhwJhtwkdif; ar (20)&ufrSm tpkd;&u rm&S,favm p+yD;xkwfjyefw,f/ ZGef
(3)&ufae@rSm qENjyolawGqD wifhum;awG armif;0ifvm/ vltkyfxJ óuHovkd ypfxnfh/
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tvif;&eH@ *sme,f trSwf(4)? atmufwdkbmv 2009 ckeSpf
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trSwf(4)? atmufwdkbmv 2009 ckeSpf tvif;&eH@ *sme,f
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'Drkdua&pD ul;ajymif;a&;tvm;tvm
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tvif;&eH@ *sme,f trSwf(4)? atmufwdkbmv 2009 ckeSpf
ausmuf&JŒwdwfacGESifh a[mifaumifvGwfajrmufe,fajr
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trSwf(4)? atmufwdkbmv 2009 ckeSpf tvif;&eH@ *sme,f
ygwDwGif; w,loeftpGef;a&muftkyfpk&JŒ om;aumifjzpfcJh&w,f? qENjyr_ukd tiftm;okH;
acsr_ef;zkd@ t"du uef@uGufcJholjzpfw,f?
ausmufu oltus,fcsKyfeJ@ ae&csdeftxd taemuf'Drkdua&pDukd ukd;uG,fol
r[kwf&yga=umif;vnf; 0efcHxm;w,f? xl;jcm;wmu xdyfwef;ppfwyft}uD;tuJ
wpfa,mufwavrS olbufrSm r&SdcJhwmu 0rf;enf;p&mygyJ?
ygwDrD'D,mrsm;uawmh 1989 rSm ajrmif;xJ oduQmxkd;pkdufcJh&wJh ppfwyfukd
‘pde’jynfukd umuG,folrsm;tjzpf tr$rf;wifay;aewkef;ygyJ? +yD;cJhwJhESpf pDc|rfjynfe,f
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+yD; ygwDu 0g'jzef@ay;w,f? atmufwkdbm (1)&uf/ w±kwftrsKd;om;ae@rSm wD,efrif
&ifjyifay: wifhum;awG w0kef;0kef; armif;ckwfjy+yD; w±kwftiftm;yg0g}uD;xGm;vmr_ukd
jynfolawG oa&usatmif vkyfjyygw,f?
w±kwfjynfolawG=um;rSm wD,efrifta&;tcif;ay: rsKd;qufuGmjcm;wJh
tjrifawG &Syd gw,f? ppfwyf&ŒJ &uf&ufpufpuf acsre_ ;f wmcHc/hJ jrifawG@cw hJ hJ rsK;d qufuawmh
jrnfwGefawmufwD;aewkef;ygyJ? ta&;tcif;umvaemufykdif; }uD;jyif;vmwJh rsKd;quf
rsm;tzkd@awmh wD,efrifaoG;pGef;r_u olwkd@twGuf r_ef0g;0g;eJ@ acgif;±_yfp&myg? wHcg;
zGifhr_u o,fvmay;wJh armf'ef,Ofaus;r_aemufyJ vkdufcsif=uygw,f?
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wJh ae&mwpfae&muawmh a[mifaumifyg? EkdifiHa&;Ekd;=um;ol axmifaygif;rsm;pGmu
yGJE$Jzkd@ a[mifaumifqDoGm;=uw,f? vGwfvyfr_ukd tmomirf;irf;jzpfaeolrsm;twGuf
a[mifaumif[m w±kwfjynf&JŒ 'Drkdua&pD vGwfajrmufe,fajruav;vkd@ qkd&rvm;yJ?
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