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Culture Documents
6570
2145
1880
10190
2550
3930
113000
75000
188000
2
n
n
M e M m 1 2
3
nm
nm
n (rpm)
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1710
1800
1900
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
2500
2600
2700
2800
2850
3000
Pe (kW)
69,3145
77,62587
85,96005
94,26002
102,4688
110,5292
118,3844
125,9773
126,72
133,2509
140,1481
146,612
152,5855
158,0116
162,8332
166,9934
170,4352
173,1014
174,9351
175,8793
176
0
Me (Nm)
661,9036
673,883
684,0473
692,3965
698,9307
703,6498
706,5539
707,6429
707,652
706,9169
704,3758
700,0197
693,8485
685,8623
676,061
664,4447
651,0133
635,7669
618,7054
599,8289
589,71
0
c (g/kWh)
249,4605
245,0259
241,3851
238,4743
236,2449
234,6605
233,696
233,3363
233,3333
233,576
234,4186
235,8774
237,9753
240,7463
244,2365
248,5065
253,6335
259,7159
266,8779
275,2765
280
550
C (kg/h)
17,29123
19,02035
20,74947
22,4786
24,20772
25,93684
27,66596
29,39509
29,568
31,12421
32,85333
34,58246
36,31158
38,0407
39,76982
41,49895
43,22807
44,95719
46,68632
48,41544
49,28
30
c=
nm=
Mn=
1=
2=
3=
0,6
1710
589,71
0,75
1,5
-1,25
800
200
700
600
500
400
100
300
200
100
Me (Nm)
c (g/kWh)
Pe (kW)
3200
3100
3000
2900
2800
2700
2600
2500
2400
2300
2200
2100
2000
1900
1800
1700
1600
1500
1400
1300
1200
1100
1000
0
900
C (kg/h)
Vitea maxima
m/s
28
Km/h
100,8
K - coeficient aerodinamic
S
rd - raza dinamica
nvmax - turatia vitezei maxime
ikvmax - raportul din CV pentru viteza maxima
iCDN - raportul din reductor
vmax - viteza maxima
Coeficientul rezistneei totale:
din cauza vitezei reduse. Urcarea pantei maxime are loc la valoarea maxima a momentului
motor.
Treapta de vitez
1
2
3
4
5
6
Raportul de transmitere
8,35
5,464
3,576
2,341
1,531
1,000
rd=
n1=
n=
i0=
ik1=
ik2=
ik3=
ik4=
ik5=
ik6=
Treapta I
Treapta II
Treapta III
Treapta IV
Treapta V
Treapta VI
n
1865
1900
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
2500
2600
2700
2800
0,521
1865
2850
5,56
8,35
5,464
3,575
2,341
1,531
1
v1
2,192
2,233
2,350
2,468
2,585
2,703
2,820
2,938
3,055
3,173
3,291
v2
3,349
3,412
3,592
3,771
3,951
4,131
4,310
4,490
4,669
4,849
5,029
v3
5,118
5,214
5,488
5,763
6,037
6,311
6,586
6,860
7,135
7,409
7,683
v4
7,818
7,964
8,383
8,803
9,222
9,641
10,060
10,479
10,898
11,318
11,737
6
v5
11,972
12,197
12,838
13,480
14,122
14,764
15,406
16,048
16,690
17,332
17,974
v6
18,301
18,644
19,626
20,607
21,588
22,569
23,551
24,532
25,513
26,494
27,476
2850
3,349
5,118
7,821
11,946
18,295
27,966
30
25
20
v1
v2
15
v3
v4
v5
10
v6
n
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1710
1800
1865
1900
3000
2900
2800
2700
2600
2500
2400
2300
2200
2100
2000
1900
1800
Pe
Me
v1
v2
v3
v4
v5
v6
69,314 661,904
77,626 673,883
85,960 684,047
94,260 692,396
102,469 698,931
110,529 703,650
118,384 706,554
125,977 707,643
126,720 707,652
133,251 706,917
137,780 705,472
2,192
3,349
5,118
7,818
11,954
18,301
140,148 704,376
2,233
3,412
5,214
7,964
12,178
18,644
7
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
2500
2600
2700
2800
2850
146,612
152,586
158,012
162,833
166,993
170,435
173,101
174,935
175,879
176,000
700,020
693,849
685,862
676,061
664,445
651,013
635,767
618,705
599,829
589,710
2,350
2,468
2,585
2,703
2,820
2,938
3,055
3,173
3,291
3,349
3,592
3,771
3,951
4,131
4,310
4,490
4,669
4,849
5,029
5,118
5,488
5,763
6,037
6,311
6,586
6,860
7,135
7,409
7,683
7,821
8,383
8,803
9,222
9,641
10,060
10,479
10,898
11,318
11,737
11,946
30
12,819
13,460
14,101
14,742
15,383
16,023
16,664
17,305
17,946
18,267
19,626
20,607
21,588
22,569
23,551
24,532
25,513
26,494
27,476
27,966
800.000
700.000
25
600.000
v1
20
500.000
v2
v3
15
400.000
v4
v5
300.000
10
200.000
v6
Pe
Me
5
100.000
0.000
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
2500
2600
2700
2800
2900
3000
2. PERFORMANELE AUTOMOBILULUI:
Performanele reprezint posibilitile maxime ale autofurgonului n privina vitezei,
demarajului i capacitii de frnare, precum i indicii de apreciere ai acestora.
2.1. Caracteristica forei la roat:
Caracteristica forei la roat sau caracteristica de traciune reprezint curbele de
variaie ale acesteia n funcie de viteza autofurgonului pentru fiecare treapt a cutiei
de viteze utilizate.
;
Me momentul efectiv al motorului;
8
Puterea
Moment
Pe
Me
[rot/min]
[kW]
[Nm]
69,314
77,626
85,960
94,260
102,469
110,529
118,384
125,977
126,720
133,251
137,780
140,148
146,612
152,586
158,012
162,833
166,993
170,435
173,101
174,935
661,904
673,883
684,047
692,396
698,931
703,650
706,554
707,643
707,652
706,917
705,472
704,376
700,020
693,849
685,862
676,061
664,445
651,013
635,767
618,705
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1710
1800
1865
1900
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
2500
2600
2700
Viteza
Tr1
[m/s]
0
1,175
1,293
1,410
1,528
1,645
1,763
1,880
1,998
2,010
2,115
2,192
2,233
2,350
2,468
2,585
2,703
2,820
2,938
3,055
3,173
Fr
Treapta
I
a
1/a
0,304
0,310
0,314
0,318
0,321
0,323
0,325
0,325
0,325
0,325
0,324
0,324
0,322
0,319
0,315
0,311
0,305
0,299
0,292
0,284
[m/s2]
0
0,954
0,972
0,988
1,000
1,010
1,017
1,021
1,023
1,023
1,022
1,020
1,018
1,011
1,002
0,990
0,975
0,958
0,937
0,915
0,889
[s2/m]
0
1,047761
1,028409
1,012547
0,999886
0,990204
0,983339
0,979176
0,977648
0,977638
0,97873
0,980839
0,98244
0,988837
0,998028
1,010166
1,025463
1,044196
1,066721
1,09349
1,125078
[N]
57212,38
58247,83
59126,39
59848,07
60412,86
60820,76
61071,78
61165,91
61166,7
61103,16
60978,24
60883,52
60506,99
59973,58
59283,28
58436,1
57432,03
56271,07
54953,23
53478,5
9
2800
2850
Viteza
Tr2
[m/s]
0,000
1,795895
1,975484
2,155074
2,334663
2,514253
2,693842
2,873431
3,053021
3,07098
3,23261
3,349344
3,4122
3,591789
3,771379
3,950968
4,130558
4,310147
4,489737
4,669326
4,848916
5,028505
5,1183
Viteza
Tr3
[m/s]
0
2,744063
3,018469
3,292875
3,567282
3,841688
4,116094
4,3905
4,664907
175,879
176,000
Fr
599,829
589,710
Treapta
II
a
1/a
0,199055
0,202642
0,205681
0,208172
0,210115
0,211511
0,212358
0,212658
0,212658
0,212411
0,211956
0,211615
0,210272
0,208381
0,205942
0,202956
0,199422
0,19534
0,19071
0,185533
0,179808
0,17674
[m/s2]
0,000
0,611288
0,623009
0,63294
0,64108
0,647431
0,651991
0,654762
0,655742
0,655742
0,654933
0,653447
0,652333
0,647944
0,641764
0,633795
0,624035
0,612486
0,599146
0,584017
0,567097
0,548388
0,538362
[s2/m]
0
1,635889
1,605113
1,57993
1,559867
1,544567
1,533763
1,527273
1,524989
1,52499
1,526874
1,530346
1,532958
1,543343
1,558204
1,577797
1,602473
1,632691
1,669041
1,712279
1,763366
1,823527
1,857487
Treapta III
a
1/a
0,130134
0,132452
0,134409
0,136004
0,137238
0,13811
0,138621
0,138771
[m/s2]
0
0,3861893
0,3937662
0,4001619
0,4053766
0,4094102
0,4122627
0,4139342
0,4144245
[s2/m]
0
2,589404
2,539578
2,498988
2,466842
2,442538
2,425638
2,415843
2,412985
[N]
37438,14
38115,71
38690,61
39162,86
39532,44
39799,36
39963,62
40025,21
40025,73
39984,15
39902,4
39840,42
39594,03
39244,99
38793,27
38238,9
37581,87
36822,17
35959,81
34994,79
33927,11
33354,77
Fr
[N]
24501,97
24945,42
25321,67
25630,74
25872,62
26047,31
26154,81
26195,13
3,291 51846,89
3,349 50972,25
10
0,276
0,271
0,860 1,162219
0,845 1,183154
4,692347
4,939313
5,117677
5,213719
5,488126
5,762532
6,036938
6,311344
6,585751
6,860157
7,134563
7,408969
7,683376
7,820579
Viteza
Tr4
[m/s]
0
4,191699
4,610869
5,030039
5,449209
5,868379
6,287549
6,706719
7,125889
7,167806
7,545059
7,817519
7,964229
8,383399
8,802569
9,221739
9,640909
10,06008
10,47925
10,89842
11,31759
11,73676
11,94634
26195,46
26168,25
26114,75
26074,19
25912,93
25684,49
25388,86
25026,05
24596,04
24098,84
23534,46
22902,89
22204,13
21829,55
Fr
0,138767
0,13856
0,138229
0,137988
0,137054
0,135759
0,134102
0,132084
0,129705
0,126965
0,123863
0,1204
0,116576
0,114529
0,4144086
0,4137338
0,4126515
0,411862
0,4088091
0,4045751
0,39916
0,3925638
0,3847866
0,3758283
0,3656889
0,3543684
0,3418668
0,3351731
Treapta
IV
a
1/a
0,084864
0,086312
0,087517
0,08848
0,089199
0,089675
0,089908
0,089898
0,089884
0,089645
0,08935
0,089149
0,08841
0,087428
0,086202
0,084734
0,083022
0,081068
0,07887
0,07643
0,073746
0,072313
[m/s2]
0
0,238231
0,242967
0,246908
0,250054
0,252406
0,253963
0,254725
0,254692
0,254645
0,253865
0,252901
0,252243
0,249826
0,246614
0,242608
0,237807
0,232211
0,225821
0,218635
0,210655
0,201881
0,197195
[s2/m]
0
4,197607
4,11579
4,050095
3,999134
3,961876
3,937588
3,925807
3,92631
3,927034
3,939106
3,954121
3,964437
4,002789
4,054916
4,121877
4,205092
4,306426
4,428293
4,573825
4,747088
4,95342
5,071113
[N]
16040,02
16330,32
16576,63
16778,96
16937,31
17051,67
17122,04
17148,43
17148,65
17130,84
17095,81
17069,26
16963,7
16814,15
16620,62
16383,1
16101,6
15776,12
15406,65
14993,19
14535,76
14290,54
2,413077
2,417013
2,423353
2,427998
2,44613
2,471729
2,505261
2,547356
2,598843
2,66079
2,734565
2,821922
2,925116
2,983533
11
Treapta
V
Viteza
Tr5
[m/s]
0
6,409385
7,050323
7,691262
8,3322
8,973139
9,614077
10,25502
10,89595
10,96005
11,53689
11,9535
12,17783
12,81877
13,45971
14,10065
14,74159
15,38252
16,02346
16,6644
17,30534
17,94628
18,26675
Fr
1/a
0,054733
0,055519
0,056131
0,056569
0,056832
0,056921
0,056835
0,056576
0,05654
0,056142
0,055766
0,055533
0,05475
0,053794
0,052662
0,051357
0,049877
0,048222
0,046394
0,044391
0,042214
0,04106
[m/s2]
0
0,139726
0,142297
0,144297
0,145728
0,146589
0,146879
0,1466
0,145751
0,145635
0,144332
0,143104
0,142342
0,139783
0,136654
0,132955
0,128686
0,123847
0,118438
0,112459
0,105911
0,098792
0,095019
[s2/m]
0
7,156847
7,027562
6,93013
6,862098
6,821809
6,808309
6,821279
6,861024
6,866502
6,928488
6,987948
7,02531
7,153927
7,317736
7,521328
7,770838
8,074461
8,44321
8,892092
9,441922
10,12229
10,52424
[N]
10490,08
10679,93
10841,02
10973,34
11076,9
11151,69
11197,71
11214,97
11215,12
11203,46
11180,56
11163,19
11094,16
10996,35
10869,78
10714,45
10530,35
10317,49
10075,86
9805,459
9506,297
9345,929
Treapta
VI
Viteza
Tr6
[m/s]
0
9,812768
10,79405
11,77532
12,7566
13,73788
14,71915
15,70043
Fr
1/a
0,033949
0,034084
0,034069
0,033905
0,033591
0,033126
0,032512
[m/s2]
0
0,071769
0,072211
0,072163
0,071625
0,070597
0,069079
0,067071
[s2/m]
0
13,93362
13,84828
13,85746
13,96152
14,16481
14,47609
14,9095
[N]
6851,783
6975,788
7081,005
7167,433
7235,073
7283,924
7313,986
12
16,68171
16,77983
17,66298
18,30081
18,64426
19,62554
20,60681
21,58809
22,56937
23,55064
24,53192
25,5132
26,49447
27,47575
27,96639
7325,259
7325,353
7317,743
7302,783
7291,439
7246,346
7182,464
7099,794
6998,335
6878,087
6739,05
6581,225
6404,611
6209,208
6104,461
k1=
3,004266
k2=
3,001878
k3=
3,000856
k4=
3,000418
k5=
3,00023
k6=
3,00015
c=
nm=
Mn=
1=
2=
3=
0,6
1710
589,71
0,75
1,5
-1,25
0,031748
0,031663
0,030834
0,03016
0,02977
0,028557
0,027193
0,02568
0,024017
0,022203
0,02024
0,018128
0,015865
0,013452
0,01219
0,064573
0,064296
0,061585
0,05938
0,058107
0,054138
0,04968
0,044731
0,039292
0,033364
0,026945
0,020036
0,012637
0,004748
0,00062
15,48632
15,55298
16,23775
16,84077
17,20977
18,47128
20,12898
22,35584
25,45022
29,97272
37,11282
49,91018
79,13247
210,6146
1613,646
13
Forta la roata
70000
60000
fr1
50000
fr2
fr3
40000
fr4
30000
fr5
fr6
20000
10000
0
0
10
15
20
25
30
Caracteristica dinamica
0.350
0.300
d1
0.250
d2
0.200
d3
d4
0.150
d5
d6
0.100
0.050
0.000
0
10
15
20
14
25
30
Acceleratie
1.200
1.000
a1
0.800
a2
a3
0.600
a4
a5
0.400
a6
0.200
0.000
0
10
15
20
25
30
Inversul acceleratiei
30
25
1/a1
20
1/a2
1/a3
15
1/a4
1/a5
1/a6
10
0
0
10
15
20
15
25
30
Treapta I
Treapta II
Turatia
n
[rpm]
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1710
1800
1865
1900
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
2500
2600
2700
2800
2850
1865
1900
2000
Viteza
[m/s]
0
1,175
1,293
1,410
1,528
1,645
1,763
1,880
1,998
2,010
2,115
2,192
2,233
2,350
2,468
2,585
2,703
2,820
2,938
3,055
3,173
3,291
3,349
3,349
3,412
3,592
1/a
[s2/m]
0
1,047761
1,028409
1,012547
0,999886
0,990204
0,983339
0,979176
0,977648
0,977638
0,97873
0,980839
0,98244
0,988837
0,998028
1,010166
1,025463
1,044196
1,066721
1,09349
1,125078
1,162219
1,183154
1,530346
1,532958
1,543343
Td
[s]
Sd
[m]
0
0,615655
0,737649
0,857574
0,975822
1,092758
1,208722
1,324037
1,439018
1,450508
1,553967
1,628809
1,669185
1,785016
1,901762
2,019762
2,139374
2,260985
2,38502
2,511952
2,642314
2,776713
2,845619
2,845721
2,941995
3,218231
0
0,361753
0,512286
0,67436
0,848064
1,033583
1,231186
1,441237
1,664192
1,687212
1,90059
2,061766
2,151089
2,416527
2,697783
2,995926
3,312198
3,648049
4,005172
4,385551
4,791526
5,225871
5,454631
5,454973
5,780454
6,74783
16
Treapta III
Treapta IV
Treapta V
2100
2200
2300
2400
2500
2600
2700
2800
2850
1865
1900
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
2500
2600
2700
2800
2850
1865
1900
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
2500
2600
2700
2800
2850
1865
1900
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
2500
2600
2700
2800
2850
3,771
3,951
4,131
4,310
4,490
4,669
4,849
5,029
5,118
5,118
5,214
5,488
5,763
6,037
6,311
6,586
6,860
7,135
7,409
7,683
7,821
7,818
7,964
8,383
8,803
9,222
9,641
10,060
10,479
10,898
11,318
11,737
11,946
11,954
12,178
12,819
13,460
14,101
14,742
15,383
16,023
16,664
17,305
17,946
18,267
1,558204
1,577797
1,602473
1,632691
1,669041
1,712279
1,763366
1,823527
1,857487
2,423353
2,427998
2,44613
2,471729
2,505261
2,547356
2,598843
2,66079
2,734565
2,821922
2,925116
2,983533
3,954121
3,964437
4,002789
4,054916
4,121877
4,205092
4,306426
4,428293
4,573825
4,747088
4,95342
5,071113
6,987948
7,02531
7,153927
7,317736
7,521328
7,770838
8,074461
8,44321
8,892092
9,441922
10,12229
10,52424
3,496734
3,77833
4,063902
4,354402
4,65088
4,954505
5,2666
5,588684
5,753952
5,752619
5,985586
6,654332
7,329077
8,011936
8,705171
9,411246
10,13288
10,87314
11,63551
12,42402
12,82936
12,81875
13,39962
15,06943
16,7582
18,47193
20,21714
22,00103
23,83169
25,7184
27,67193
29,70501
30,7555
30,79867
32,37046
36,91447
41,55219
46,30765
51,20832
56,28625
61,57966
67,13509
73,01058
79,28031
82,5886
17
7,773161
8,860454
10,01438
11,2404
12,54488
13,93534
15,42064
17,01132
17,84979
17,84297
19,0464
22,62481
26,42048
30,44916
34,72929
39,28245
44,13399
49,31385
54,85761
60,80785
63,95006
63,86708
68,4506
82,09933
96,61094
112,0554
128,515
146,0871
164,8875
185,0542
206,7539
230,1896
242,6291
243,145
262,1096
318,902
379,8382
445,3693
516,0424
592,5265
675,6488
766,4464
866,2408
976,7498
1036,651
Treapta VI
1865
1900
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
2500
2600
2700
2800
2850
18,301
18,644
19,626
20,607
21,588
22,569
23,551
24,532
25,513
26,494
27,476
27,966
16,84077
17,20977
18,47128
20,12898
22,35584
25,45022
29,97272
37,11282
49,91018
79,13247
210,6146
1613,646
83,0547
88,90198
106,4085
125,3472
146,1919
169,6474
196,84
229,7548
272,4516
335,7649
477,926
925,4522
1045,174
1153,188
1488,173
1869,148
2308,918
2826,785
3453,847
4245,16
5313,544
6959,932
10796,16
23202,07
Timpul de demarare
1000
900
800
700
Timpul [s]
600
Td
500
400
300
200
100
0
0
10
15
Viteza [v]
18
20
25
30
Spatiu de demarare
25000
20000
Spatiul [m]
15000
Sd
10000
5000
0
0
10
15
20
25
30
Viteza [m/s]
19
Treapta
Treapta I
Treapta II
Ughiul
Turatia
0
5
10
15
n
Me
Va
Fr
PR
Pr+Pa+Pp Pr+Pa+Pp Pr+Pa+Pp Pr+Pa+Pp
[rpm]
[Nm]
[m/s]
[N]
[kW]
[kW]
[kW]
[kW]
[kW]
1000 661,9036 1,175182 57212,38 67,23496 2,659122 20,30735 40,16491 57,78662
1100
673,883
1,2927 58247,83 75,29697 2,926862 22,33991 44,18323 63,56711
1200 684,0473 1,410218 59126,39 83,38112 3,195124 24,37299 48,20207 69,34812
1300 692,3965 1,527736 59848,07 91,43207 3,463956 26,40665 52,22148
75,1297
1400 698,9307 1,645255 60412,86 99,39453 3,733405 28,44092 56,24151
80,9119
1500 703,6498 1,762773 60820,76 107,2132 4,003519 30,47585
60,2622 86,69477
1600 706,5539 1,880291 61071,78 114,8327 4,274344
32,5115
64,2836 92,47834
1700 707,6429 1,997809 61165,91 122,1978 4,545929 34,54791 68,30577 98,26268
1710
707,652 2,009561 61166,7 122,9182 4,573132 34,75159 68,70803 98,84115
1800 706,9169 2,115327 61103,16 129,2532 4,818322 36,58512 72,32874 104,0478
1900 704,3758 2,232846 60883,52 135,9435 5,091568 38,62319 76,35256 109,8338
2000 700,0197 2,350364 60506,99 142,2134 5,365717 40,66216 80,37729 115,6207
2100 693,8485 2,467882 59973,58 148,0077 5,640815 42,70208 84,40297 121,4086
2200 685,8623
2,5854 59283,28 153,271
5,91691
44,743 88,42964 127,1974
2300
676,061 2,702918 58436,1 157,948
6,19405 46,78496 92,45736 132,9873
2400 664,4447 2,820436 57432,03 161,9834 6,472281 48,82802 96,48617 138,7783
2500 651,0133 2,937955 56271,07 165,3218 6,751652 50,87221 100,5161 144,5704
2600 635,7669 3,055473 54953,23 167,9081 7,032209 52,91759 104,5473 150,3637
2700 618,7054 3,172991 53478,5 169,6868 7,314001
54,9642 108,5796 156,1582
2800 599,8289 3,290509 51846,89 170,6027 7,597074
57,0121 112,6133 161,9541
2850
589,71 3,349268 50972,25 170,7197 7,739107 58,03654 114,6306 164,8525
n
Me
Va
Fr
PR
Pr+Pa+Pp Pr+Pa+Pp Pr+Pa+Pp Pr+Pa+Pp
1000 661,9036 1,795895 37438,14 67,23496 4,079775 31,04952 61,39554 88,32476
1100
673,883 1,975484 38115,71 75,29697 4,494276 34,16099 67,54161 97,16376
1200 684,0473 2,155074 38690,61 83,38112 4,910639 37,27433 73,68955 106,0046
1300 692,3965 2,334663 39162,86 91,43207 5,329036
40,3897 79,83953 114,8475
1400 698,9307 2,514253 39532,44 99,39453 5,749636 43,50727
85,9917 123,6926
1500 703,6498 2,693842 39799,36 107,2132 6,172607 46,62722 92,14625 132,5401
1600 706,5539 2,873431 39963,62 114,8327
6,59812
49,7497 98,30334 141,3901
1700 707,6429 3,053021 40025,21 122,1978 7,026343
52,8749 104,4631 150,2428
1710
707,652
3,07098 40025,73 122,9182 7,069321 53,18758 105,0793 151,1282
1800 706,9169
3,23261 39984,15 129,2532 7,457447 56,00298 110,6258 159,0984
1900 704,3758
3,4122 39840,42 135,9435
7,8916 59,13411 116,7915 167,9571
2000 700,0197 3,591789 39594,03 142,2134 8,328972 62,26845 122,9605 176,8189
2100 693,8485 3,771379 39244,99 148,0077 8,769733 65,40619 129,1328 185,6842
2200 685,8623 3,950968 38793,27 153,271 9,214051 68,54748 135,3087
194,553
2300
676,061 4,130558 38238,9 157,948 9,662097
71,6925 141,4884 203,4256
2400 664,4447 4,310147 37581,87 161,9834 10,11404 74,84142 147,6719
212,302
2500 651,0133 4,489737 36822,17 165,3218 10,57005
77,9944 153,8595 221,1825
2600 635,7669 4,669326 35959,81 167,9081 11,03029 81,15162 160,0513 230,0673
20
2700
2800
2850
n
Treapta III
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1710
1800
1900
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
2500
2600
2700
2800
2850
n
Treapta IV
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1710
1800
1900
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
2500
2600
2700
2800
2850
n
Treapta V
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1710
1800
1900
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
2500
2600
2700
2800
2850
n
Treapta VI
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1710
1800
1900
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
2500
2600
2700
2800
2850
589,71
169,7233
589,7068
1062,267
1481,62
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0
10
15
23
20
25
30
3. FRNAREA AUTOMOBILULUI
Frnarea este procesul prin care se reduce parial sau total viteza autofurgonului. De
capacitatea de frnare a autofurgonului depinde n mare msura posibilitatea utilizrii
integrale a vitezei si acceleraiei acestuia, elemente ce determin viteza medie de
exploatare.
Fora de frnare tangenial care acioneaz asupra roii n timpul frnrii se realizeaz la
roile autofurgonului ca urmare a aciunii momentelor de frnare Mf, de rezisten la
rulare Mrul i de inerie a roii M.
Suprafaa pe care se frneaz este:
- asfalt uscat: =0,8;
- pmnt bttorit: =0,6;
- asfalt umed: =0,4;
- zpad bttorit: =0,2.
Spaiul minim de frnare este:
;
;
Spaiul de oprire al autofurgonului este:
;
Unde: t0=0,6 s timpul de reacie al conductorului auto;
t1=0,3 s timpul dinnn momentul nceperii cursei active a pedalei de frn la
atingerea valorii nominale a forei pe pedala de frn;
t1=0,4 s ntrzierea din momentul nceperii dezvoltrii forei de frnare
pn la atinegrea valorii maxime.
Ss
0
1,287
2,574
3,861
5,148
6,435
7,722
9,009
10,296
11,583
12,87
24
Viteza
[m/s]
f=0,02
=0,2
f=0,02
=0,4
f=0,02
=0,6
f=0,02
=0,8
0
3
6
9
12
15
18
21
24
27
30
0
3
6
9
12
15
18
21
24
27
30
0
3
6
9
12
15
18
21
24
27
30
0
3
6
9
12
15
18
Sf
[m]
So
[m]
0
2,085071
8,340284
18,76564
33,36113
52,12677
75,06255
102,1685
133,4445
168,8907
208,5071
0
1,09218
4,36872
9,82962
17,47488
27,3045
39,31848
53,51682
69,89952
88,46658
109,218
0
0,739864
2,959455
6,658775
11,83782
18,4966
26,6351
36,25333
47,35129
59,92897
73,98639
0
0,559409
2,237637
5,034683
8,950548
13,98523
20,13873
0
3,372071
10,91428
22,62664
38,50913
58,56177
82,78455
111,1775
143,7405
180,4737
221,3771
0
2,37918
6,94272
13,69062
22,62288
33,7395
47,04048
62,52582
80,19552
100,0496
122,088
0
2,026864
5,533455
10,51977
16,98582
24,9316
34,3571
45,26233
57,64729
71,51197
86,85639
0
1,846409
4,811637
8,895683
14,09855
20,42023
27,86073
af
[m/s2]
2,1582
2,1582
2,1582
2,1582
2,1582
2,1582
2,1582
2,1582
2,1582
2,1582
2,1582
4,1202
4,1202
4,1202
4,1202
4,1202
4,1202
4,1202
4,1202
4,1202
4,1202
4,1202
6,0822
6,0822
6,0822
6,0822
6,0822
6,0822
6,0822
6,0822
6,0822
6,0822
6,0822
8,0442
8,0442
8,0442
8,0442
8,0442
8,0442
8,0442
25
In fct. Fa
Sf
[m]
0
2,083966
8,322639
18,67662
33,08118
51,44755
73,66474
99,60171
129,1098
162,0253
198,1725
0
1,091877
4,363872
9,805123
17,39766
27,11659
38,93039
52,80122
68,68533
86,53349
106,2915
0
0,739725
2,95723
6,647521
11,80232
18,41011
26,45625
35,92305
46,78992
59,03352
72,62789
0
0,55933
2,236364
5,028246
8,930231
13,93571
20,03626
af
[m/s2]
2,1582
2,158433
2,159134
2,1603
2,161934
2,164034
2,166602
2,169636
2,173136
2,177104
2,181538
4,1202
4,120433
4,121134
4,1223
4,123934
4,126034
4,128602
4,131636
4,135136
4,139104
4,143538
6,0822
6,082433
6,083134
6,0843
6,085934
6,088034
6,090602
6,093636
6,097136
6,101104
6,105538
8,0442
8,044433
8,045134
8,0463
8,047934
8,050034
8,052602
21
24
27
30
27,41105
35,80219
45,31215
55,94093
36,42005
46,09819
56,89515
68,81093
8,0442
8,0442
8,0442
8,0442
27,22168
35,48003
44,79775
55,15966
8,055636
8,059136
8,063104
8,067538
Spatiul de franare
220
210
200
190
180
170
160
150
140
Sf2
130
Sf4
Sf6
120
Sf8
110
Sf22
Sf24
100
sf26
90
sf28
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0
10
15
20
26
25
30
35
6
af02
af04
af06
af08
3
0
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
g acceleraia gravitaional;
unghiul de nclinare transversal;
hg nlimea centrului de greutate;
B ecartamentul;
coeficientul de aderen
=0,8
Vd
[km/h]
19,80909
28,01428
34,31035
39,61818
44,29447
48,52216
52,40992
56,02856
59,42727
62,64184
R
[m]
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
Vcr
[km/h]
22,76336
32,19225
39,42729
45,52671
50,90041
55,7586
60,22618
64,38449
68,29007
71,98405
60
50
40
R-Vd
30
20
10
0
0
100
200
300
Raza curbei [m]
28
400
500
600
70
60
50
40
Vcr
30
20
10
0
0
100
200
300
Raza curbei [m]
29
400
500
600