1

THE BALKAN
THE BALKAN
GEOGRAPHY AND
GEOGRAPHY AND
SOCIETY
SOCIETY
Vladislav B. Sotirovic
Vladislav B. Sotirovic
!"olas Ro#$ris %&iv$rsit!
!"olas Ro#$ris %&iv$rsit!
I&stit't$ o( Political Sci$&c$s
I&stit't$ o( Political Sci$&c$s
vsotirovic)#r'&i.$'
vsotirovic)#r'&i.$'
***.#r'&i.$'
***.#r'&i.$'
2
3

T+$ Bal"a&s is $,tr$#$l!

T+$ Bal"a&s is $,tr$#$l!
#o'&tai&o's r$-io&
#o'&tai&o's r$-io&

Al.a&ia/ Bos&ia 0 H$r1$-ovi&a a&d

Al.a&ia/ Bos&ia 0 H$r1$-ovi&a a&d
o&t$&$-ro
o&t$&$-ro
ar$ *+oll! #o'&tai&o's
ar$ *+oll! #o'&tai&o's

Adriatic Al2s 3Di&aric Ra&-$4

Adriatic Al2s 3Di&aric Ra&-$4

isolati&- Bos&ia 0 H$r1$-ovi&a a&d
isolati&- Bos&ia 0 H$r1$-ovi&a a&d
o&t$&$-ro (ro# Adriatic littoral
o&t$&$-ro (ro# Adriatic littoral

Di&aric Ra&-$
Di&aric Ra&-$
is .ord$r .$t*$$&
is .ord$r .$t*$$&
Italia& c'lt'r$ o( t+$ littoral a&d t+$
Italia& c'lt'r$ o( t+$ littoral a&d t+$
Slavic c'lt'r$ i& t+$ Bal"a& i&t$rior
Slavic c'lt'r$ i& t+$ Bal"a& i&t$rior

4
5
6

Pi&d's Ra&-$
Pi&d's Ra&-$
divid$s *$st$r&
divid$s *$st$r&
Gr$$c$ (ro# East$r& Gr$$c$
Gr$$c$ (ro# East$r& Gr$$c$

Bal"a& Ra&-$
Bal"a& Ra&-$
s$2arat$s B'l-aria
s$2arat$s B'l-aria
2ro2$r (ro# T+rac$
2ro2$r (ro# T+rac$

R+odo2$ o'&tai&s
R+odo2$ o'&tai&s
s$2arat$
s$2arat$
ac$do&ia (ro# T+rac$
ac$do&ia (ro# T+rac$

Bal"a& #o'&tai&s
Bal"a& #o'&tai&s
ar$ s$2arati&-
ar$ s$2arati&-
a&d isolati&- 2$o2l$s/ #a"i&-
a&d isolati&- 2$o2l$s/ #a"i&-
localis#s a&d +i&d$ri&- stat$
localis#s a&d +i&d$ri&- stat$
d$v$lo2#$&ts
d$v$lo2#$&ts

7
8

Gr$$" a&ti5'$
Gr$$" a&ti5'$
POLIS
POLIS

Gr$$c$
Gr$$c$
*as &$v$r '&it$d i&to
*as &$v$r '&it$d i&to
&atio&al stat$ i& t+$ A&ci$&t
&atio&al stat$ i& t+$ A&ci$&t
Ti#$
Ti#$

T+$
T+$
So't+ Slavs
So't+ Slavs
+av$ .$$&
+av$ .$$&
&$v$r cr$at$d a si&-l$ '&it$d
&$v$r cr$at$d a si&-l$ '&it$d
&atio&al stat$
&atio&al stat$

So't+ Slavs
So't+ Slavs
6 Slov$&$s/ Croats/
6 Slov$&$s/ Croats/
Bos+&7a"s/ S$r.s/ o&t$&$-ri&s/
Bos+&7a"s/ S$r.s/ o&t$&$-ri&s/
ac$do&ia&s a&d B'l-aria&s
ac$do&ia&s a&d B'l-aria&s
9
10

Y'-oslavs8
Y'-oslavs8
9.
9.
So't+ Slavs i& Ha.s.'r-
So't+ Slavs i& Ha.s.'r-
o&arc+!
o&arc+!
:.
:.
So't+ Slavs i& Y'-oslavia 3all
So't+ Slavs i& Y'-oslavia 3all
So't+ Slavs $,c$2t B'l-aria&s4
So't+ Slavs $,c$2t B'l-aria&s4

Lac" o( co##'&icatio&s
Lac" o( co##'&icatio&s
r$s'lt$d i& (or#atio& o( #a&!
r$s'lt$d i& (or#atio& o( #a&!
s$2arat$ dial$cts/ r$-io&alis#
s$2arat$ dial$cts/ r$-io&alis#
a&d local 2atriotis# i& t+$
a&d local 2atriotis# i& t+$
P$&i&s'la
P$&i&s'la
11
12

R$('-$$s
R$('-$$s
ar$ $sca2i&- to t+$
ar$ $sca2i&- to t+$
#o'&tai&s
#o'&tai&s

o'&tai&s o(($r$d
o'&tai&s o(($r$d
2r$s$rvatio& o( &atio&al
2r$s$rvatio& o( &atio&al
id$&titi$s
id$&titi$s

Ill!ria&s ; Al.a&ia&s<
Ill!ria&s ; Al.a&ia&s<

Dacia&s ; Ro#a&ia&s<
Dacia&s ; Ro#a&ia&s<

Ro#a&ia& s2$a"i&- Bal"a&

Ro#a&ia& s2$a"i&- Bal"a&
Vlac+s 3Aro#a&ia&s4
Vlac+s 3Aro#a&ia&s4
13
14
15

T+ic" (or$sts
T+ic" (or$sts
i& #$di$val 2$riod
i& #$di$val 2$riod

=
=
'#adi
'#adi
7
7
a
a
3>oodla&d4
3>oodla&d4

?or$sts a&d o'&tai&s +av$

?or$sts a&d o'&tai&s +av$
.$$& s+$lt$rs (or .ri-a&ds
.$$& s+$lt$rs (or .ri-a&ds
3+a7d'"s6+i-+*a!#$&4
3+a7d'"s6+i-+*a!#$&4
a&d
a&d
r$.$ls
r$.$ls

G'$rrilla@2artisa& *ar(ar$
G'$rrilla@2artisa& *ar(ar$

Hi-+la&d$rs
Hi-+la&d$rs
3o&t$&$-ri&s/
3o&t$&$-ri&s/
Al.a&ia&s4 ar$ or-a&is$d i&to t+$
Al.a&ia&s4 ar$ or-a&is$d i&to t+$
tri.$s
tri.$s

16

A
A
Di&aric t!2$B
Di&aric t!2$B
o( #$&
o( #$&

A
A
Blood r$v$&-$B
Blood r$v$&-$B

Pastoral t!2$ o( soci$t!

Pastoral t!2$ o( soci$t!
t+a&"s to
t+a&"s to
t+$ #o'&tai&s
t+$ #o'&tai&s

o'&tai&s ar$
o'&tai&s ar$
.ord$ri&- stat$s
.ord$ri&- stat$s
a&d c'lt'r$s
a&d c'lt'r$s

Bal"a& t.
Bal"a& t.
*as .ord$r .$t*$$&
*as .ord$r .$t*$$&
B'l-aria a&d B!1a&ti&$ E#2ir$
B'l-aria a&d B!1a&ti&$ E#2ir$

T+$ Bal"a&s is o2$&$d (or (or$i-&

T+$ Bal"a&s is o2$&$d (or (or$i-&
i&vasio&s (ro# t+$
i&vasio&s (ro# t+$
&ort+
&ort+
17

Bal"a& riv$rs
Bal"a& riv$rs
ar$ &ot &avi-a.l$
ar$ &ot &avi-a.l$

$,c$2t Da&'.$ a&d Sava
$,c$2t Da&'.$ a&d Sava

I& d$lta o(
I& d$lta o(
N$r$tva
N$r$tva
i&
i&
H$r1$-ovi&a t+$r$ ar$ lot o(
H$r1$-ovi&a t+$r$ ar$ lot o(
#arc+$s a&d c+a&&$ls
#arc+$s a&d c+a&&$ls

N$r$tl7a&i
N$r$tl7a&i
6 2irat$s
6 2irat$s

Riv$rs ar$ .ord$rs o( t+$ stat$s

Riv$rs ar$ .ord$rs o( t+$ stat$s

3Da&'.$/ Drava/ Dri&a/ %&a/
3Da&'.$/ Drava/ Dri&a/ %&a/
aritsa4
aritsa4
18
19

Da&'.$
Da&'.$
*as a .ord$r .$t*$$&
*as a .ord$r .$t*$$&
civili1atio& a&d .ar.aria&is#
civili1atio& a&d .ar.aria&is#

ai& roads (ollo* t+$ riv$rs

ai& roads (ollo* t+$ riv$rs

A
A
Via N$r$&taB
Via N$r$&taB

A
A
Via ilitarisB
Via ilitarisB
3co&&$cti&-
3co&&$cti&-
N$ar East *it+ E'ro2$4
N$ar East *it+ E'ro2$4

A
A
Via E-&atiaB
Via E-&atiaB
3co&&$cti&-
3co&&$cti&-
Ro#$ *it+ Co&sta&ti&o2olis4
Ro#$ *it+ Co&sta&ti&o2olis4
20
21

A
A
Ori$&t E,2r$ssB
Ori$&t E,2r$ssB

Road8 Ni
Road8 Ni
C
C
D Salo&i"a D At+$&s
D Salo&i"a D At+$&s

Adriatic #otor*a!
Adriatic #otor*a!

?or Bal"a& co##$rc$ it *as

?or Bal"a& co##$rc$ it *as
#or$ i#2orta&t t+$
#or$ i#2orta&t t+$
ov$rs$as
ov$rs$as
ro't$s
ro't$s
t+a& t+$ ov$rla&d
t+a& t+$ ov$rla&d
ro't$s
ro't$s

Dal#atia
Dal#atia
-ot a& Italia&
-ot a& Italia&
c+aract$r d'$ to t+$ s$a
c+aract$r d'$ to t+$ s$a
co&&$ctio& *it+ Ital!
co&&$ctio& *it+ Ital!
22

No -old
No -old

R$ac+ Bal"a& #i&$s8

R$ac+ Bal"a& #i&$s8
iro&/
iro&/
silv$r/ co22$r/ l$ad
silv$r/ co22$r/ l$ad

Dacia
Dacia
is ric+ *it+ -old
is ric+ *it+ -old

I& >allac+ia t+$ (irst

I& >allac+ia t+$ (irst
oil
oil
r$(i&$r!
r$(i&$r!
i& 9EFG
i& 9EFG

I& 9G:F t+$

I& 9G:F t+$
rail*a! S2lit H
rail*a! S2lit H
Ia-r$.
Ia-r$.

23

?ro# t+$ Bal"a&s

?ro# t+$ Bal"a&s
*$r$ $,2ort$d
*$r$ $,2ort$d
ra* #at$rials a&d 2astoral
ra* #at$rials a&d 2astoral
2rod'cts to t+$ B!1a&ti&$
2rod'cts to t+$ B!1a&ti&$
E#2ir$ a&d Ital!
E#2ir$ a&d Ital!

a&'('ct'r$d@i&d'strial a&d
a&'('ct'r$d@i&d'strial a&d
l','r! 2rod'cts
l','r! 2rod'cts
ar$ i#2ort$d to
ar$ i#2ort$d to
t+$ Bal"a&s (ro# t+$ B!1a&ti&$
t+$ Bal"a&s (ro# t+$ B!1a&ti&$
E#2ir$/ Ital! a&d >$st$r&
E#2ir$/ Ital! a&d >$st$r&
E'ro2$
E'ro2$

D'.rov&i"
D'.rov&i"
*as a co##$rcial
*as a co##$rcial
#$diator
#$diator
24

T+$r$ ar$
T+$r$ ar$
t*o cli#atic
t*o cli#atic
1o&$s
1o&$s
i& t+$ Bal"a&s8
i& t+$ Bal"a&s8

$dit$rra&$a& 1o&$
$dit$rra&$a& 1o&$
3'2 to
3'2 to
S"o27$4
S"o27$4

Co&ti&$&tal 1o&$
Co&ti&$&tal 1o&$

T+$
T+$
#ai& +istorical
#ai& +istorical
($at'r$s
($at'r$s
o( t+$ So't+ East
o( t+$ So't+ East
E'ro2$ ar$8
E'ro2$ ar$8
25

T+$ .rid-$ .$t*$$&

T+$ .rid-$ .$t*$$&
E'ro2$ a&d Asia
E'ro2$ a&d Asia

T+$ #i,i&- 2oi&t o(

T+$ #i,i&- 2oi&t o(
&atio&s a&d la&-'a-$s
&atio&s a&d la&-'a-$s

T+$ #$lti&- 2ot o( rac$s

T+$ #$lti&- 2ot o( rac$s

E'ro2$a& 2o*d$r roo#

E'ro2$a& 2o*d$r roo#

Battl$(i$ld o( E'ro2$
Battl$(i$ld o( E'ro2$
26
27

T+$ Bal"a&s is s'rro'&d$d *it+

T+$ Bal"a&s is s'rro'&d$d *it+
s$as
s$as
(ro# t+$ t+r$$ sid$s
(ro# t+$ t+r$$ sid$s

T+$
T+$
Da&'.$ Riv$r
Da&'.$ Riv$r
is
is
-$o-ra2+ical .ord$r o& t+$ (ort+
-$o-ra2+ical .ord$r o& t+$ (ort+
3&ort+$r&4 sid$
3&ort+$r&4 sid$

P+$&o#$&a o(
P+$&o#$&a o(
tra&sitio&al
tra&sitio&al
t$rritori$s
t$rritori$s

Ro#a&ia
Ro#a&ia
8
8
>allac+ia
>allac+ia
.$lo&-s to
.$lo&-s to
t+$ Bal"a&s/
t+$ Bal"a&s/
oldavia
oldavia
to East$r&
to East$r&
E'ro2$ a&d
E'ro2$ a&d
Tra&s!lva&ia
Tra&s!lva&ia
to t+$
to t+$
C$&tral E'ro2$
C$&tral E'ro2$
28

T+$ &a#$ o( t+$

T+$ &a#$ o( t+$
Bal"a&s
Bal"a&s
#ost 2ro.a.l! is d$riv$d
#ost 2ro.a.l! is d$riv$d
(ro# t+$
(ro# t+$
T'r"is+ t$r# (or
T'r"is+ t$r# (or
t+$ #o'&tai&
t+$ #o'&tai&

So't+ East E'ro2$a&

So't+ East E'ro2$a&
2lai&s
2lai&s
8
8

Pa&&o&ia 3Al(Jld4 D Gr$at

Pa&&o&ia 3Al(Jld4 D Gr$at
H'&-aria& Plai&
H'&-aria& Plai&

>allac+ia& Plai&
>allac+ia& Plai&
29

Nort+ B'l-aria& Plai&

Nort+ B'l-aria& Plai&

Salo&ica Ca#2a-&a
Salo&ica Ca#2a-&a

Kosovo Plai&
Kosovo Plai&

T+$ssalia& Plai&
T+$ssalia& Plai&

T+racia& Plai&
T+racia& Plai&

S'.HDa&'.$ R$-io&
S'.HDa&'.$ R$-io&

S'.HCar2at+ia& R$-io&
S'.HCar2at+ia& R$-io&

A
A
Iro& Gat$B
Iro& Gat$B
co&&$cts Pa&&o&ia
co&&$cts Pa&&o&ia
*it+ t+$ Blac" S$a
*it+ t+$ Blac" S$a
30
31

ai1$
ai1$
r$2lac$d *+$at (ro# 9K
r$2lac$d *+$at (ro# 9K
t+
t+

c.
c.

Oliv$s
Oliv$s
ar$ '2 to #idHaritsa
ar$ '2 to #idHaritsa
Riv$r
Riv$r

Vi&$!ards
Vi&$!ards
ar$ '2 to Car2at+ia&
ar$ '2 to Car2at+ia&
(oot+ills
(oot+ills

Gold
Gold
i& Dacia attract$d Tra7a&
i& Dacia attract$d Tra7a&

T+$ Bal"a& P$&i&s'la is #or$

T+$ Bal"a& P$&i&s'la is #or$
#o'&tai&o's
#o'&tai&o's
t+a& P!r$&$$s a&d
t+a& P!r$&$$s a&d
A2$&&i&$s
A2$&&i&$s
32

G$o-ra2+icall!
G$o-ra2+icall!
/ t+$ Gr$at
/ t+$ Gr$at
orava Riv$r i& S$r.ia is
orava Riv$r i& S$r.ia is
d$#arcatio& li&$ .$t*$$&
d$#arcatio& li&$ .$t*$$&
*$st$r& a&d $ast$r& 2arts o(
*$st$r& a&d $ast$r& 2arts o(
t+$ Bal"a&s
t+$ Bal"a&s

T+$ cit! o(
T+$ cit! o(
T+$ssalo&i"i
T+$ssalo&i"i
i&
i&
Gr$$c$ is d$#arcatio& li&$
Gr$$c$ is d$#arcatio& li&$
.$t*$$& co&ti&$&tal cli#at$
.$t*$$& co&ti&$&tal cli#at$
a&d (lora a&d $dit$rra&$a&
a&d (lora a&d $dit$rra&$a&
cli#at$ a&d (lora
cli#at$ a&d (lora
33