L/O/G/O

Kultur Jaringan
Pohon Pisang
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Bibit Pisang Kultur Jaringan
Wacana
Bibit Pisang Kultur Jaringan

Bibit pisang kultur jaringan adalah bibit yang dihasilkan
melalui biakan jaringan (sel meristem) pada media
buatan dalam laboratorium (in vitro).

(Disarikan dari Budidaya Pisang dengan Bibit Kultur Jaringan)

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Dari wacana di atas maka muncul
pertanyaan...
kenapa bisa seperti itu?
kemampuan apa yang dimiliki tumbuhan (sel/jaringan)
sehingga bisa demikian?
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Kultur jaringan
Sifat Totipotensi
Merupakan kemampuan
dari sel / jaringan tumbuhan
untuk menjadi individu baru
yang lengkap, jika
lingkungan mendukung
(Heberland, 1898)
Sifat totipotensi
Pemeliharaan dan
penumbuhan sel, jaringan,
organ atau embrio dalam
medium dan lingkungan
buatan yang steril
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Kultur jaringan
pada tanaman jati
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Kultur jaringan
pada tanaman
melinjo
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Urutkan tahap-tahap perbanyakan tanaman dengan tenik kultur jaringan di
bawah ini !
2
1
6 5 4
3
Pembuatan media
aklimatisasi
inisiasi
pengakaran
sterilisasi
multiplikasi
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Tahapan yang benar adalah :
1
5
3
6
4
2
Pembuatan media
Sterilisasi
Inisiasi
Multiplikasi
Pengakaran (Induksi
akar)
Aklimatisasi
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Media merupakan faktor penentu dalam perbanyakan dengan kultur
jaringan. Komposisi media yang digunakan tergantung dengan jenis
tanaman yang akan diperbanyak (garam mineral, asam amino, vitamin,
agar, gula, Zat Pengatur Tumbuh (ZPT)
Pembuatan Media
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Sterilisasi
bahwa segala kegiatan dalam kultur jaringan harus dilakukan di tempat
yang steril, yaitu di laminar air flow (LAF) dan menggunakan alat-alat
yang juga steril
autoklaf Laminar air flow (LAF)
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Inisiasi
pengambilan eksplan dari bagian tanaman yang akan dikulturkan
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Multiplikasi
kegiatan memperbanyak calon tanaman dengan menanam eksplan pada
media
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Pengakaran (induksi akar)
fase dimana eksplan akan menunjukkan adanya pertumbuhan akar yang
menandai bahwa proses kultur jaringan yang dilakukan mulai berjalan
dengan baik
Tumbuh akar Tumbuh kalus
Tumbuh tunas
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Aklimatisasi
kegiatan memindahkan eksplan keluar dari ruangan aseptic ke bedeng.
Pemindahan dilakukan secara hati-hati dan bertahap, yaitu dengan
memberikan sungkup
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Keuntungan penggunaan teknik kultur jaringan:
1. Pengadaan bibit tidak tergantung musim
2. Bibit dapat diproduksi dalam jumlah banyak dengan waktu yang relatif lebih cepat
(dari satu mata tunas yang sudah respon dalam 1 tahun dapat dihasilkan minimal
10.000 plantet/bibit)
3. Bibit yang dihasilkan seragam
4. Tidak membutuhkan ruang yang luas
5. Bibit yang dihasilkan bebas penyakit (menggunakan organ tertentu)
6. Biaya pengangkutan bibit relatif lebih murah dan mudah
7. Dalam proses pembibitan bebas dari gangguan hama, penyakit, dan deraan
lingkungan lainnya
8. Dapat diperoleh sifat-sifat yang dikehendaki

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